Abū Hāshīm al-Jubbā'ī was a
mu'tazili
Muʿtazila ( ar, المعتزلة ', English: "Those Who Withdraw, or Stand Apart", and who called themselves ''Ahl al-ʿAdl wa al-Tawḥīd'', English: "Party of ivineJustice and Oneness f God); was an Islamic group that appeared in early Islamic ...
theologian. He was born in 888 in
Basra
Basra ( ar, ٱلْبَصْرَة, al-Baṣrah) is an Iraqi city located on the Shatt al-Arab. It had an estimated population of 1.4 million in 2018. Basra is also Iraq's main port, although it does not have deep water access, which is hand ...
, and died in 933 in
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon ...
. He was the son of
Abū 'Alī Muḥammad al-Jubbā'ī.
Biography
His main teacher in theology was his own father. After the latter's death in 915, he became the leader of the Mutazilite school of Basra. Around 926, he had to leave for Baghdad because of his poverty.
Doctrine
He is known for having introduced the theory of modes (''ahwal'') into theology. This theory is intended to explain the nature of the divine attributes. It will be taken up by other theologians, not only Mutazilites, but also from the rival
Acharite school, like
Al-Baqillani
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn aṭ-Ṭayyib al-Bāqillānī ( ar, أبو بكر محمد بن الطيب الباقلاني; c. 950 - 5 June 1013), often known as al-Bāqillānī for short, or reverentially as Imām al-Bāqillānī by adherents to the ...
.
Abû 'Alî ibn Khallâd and Abû 'Abdullâh al-Husain ibn 'Alî al-Basrî were his students.
References
* (fr) ʻAbd al-Raḥmān Badawī. ''Histoire de la philosophie en islam'', p. 180 sq https://www.google.fr/books/edition/Histoire_de_la_philosophie_en_Islam/I0ANAAAAIAAJ?hl=fr&gbpv=0
Jubba'i
People from Khuzestan Province
10th-century Muslim scholars of Islam
888 births
933 deaths
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