In 2015, the (Abraccine) published a list with the 100 best
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
ian films ever according to the votes of its members. This poll was the basis for a book named ''The 100 Best Brazilian Films'', published in 2016.
The idea of the ranking and the book was suggested by publisher Letramento, with whom Abraccine and television network
Canal Brasil
Canal Brasil is a Brazilian subscription TV channel with programming focused on the country's audiovisual productions. It is the result of an association of Grupo Globo's cable TV division Canais Globo with the company Grupo Consórcio Brasil (G ...
co-released the book. The ranking was done based on individual lists done by Abraccine's 100 critics, who initially mentioned 379 films. The full list was first made available to the public on 26 November 2015, and the book was released on 1 September 2016.
The list covers almost all decades between the 1930s and the 2010s, the only exception being the 1940s. A 1931 film,
Mário Peixoto
Mário Rodrigues Breves Peixoto (; March 3, 1908 – February 3, 1992) was a Brazilian film director, mainly known for his only film '' Limite'', a silent experimental film filmed in 1930 and premiered in Rio de Janeiro on 17 May 1931. Pei ...
's ''
Limite
''Limite'' (, Portuguese for "limit" or "border") is a film by Brazilian director and writer Mário Peixoto (1908–1992), filmed in 1930 and first screened in 1931.
Cited by some as the greatest of all Brazilian films, this 120-minute, silen ...
'', is the oldest one and also the first ranked, while the most recent work is from 2015,
Anna Muylaert
Ana Luiza Machado da Silva Muylaert (born 21 April 1964), known professionally as Anna Muylaert, is a Brazilian film and television director, producer and screenwriter.
Education and early career
Anna studied filmmaking at the School of Communi ...
's ''
The Second Mother''. The ''
chanchada
Brazilian cinema was introduced early in the 20th century but took some time to consolidate itself as a popular form of entertainment. The film industry of Brazil has gone through periods of ups and downs, a reflection of its dependency on state ...
'' (1930–50s musical comedies) is represented by
Carlos Manga
Carlos Manga (6 January 1928 – 17 September 2015) was a Brazilian film director. He directed 25 films between 1952 and 1986.
Selected filmography
* ''The Terrible Twosome'' (1953)
* ''Os Trapalhões e o Rei do Futebol'' (1986)
References ...
's ''
O Homem do Sputnik
O Homem do Sputnik is a Brazilian comedy film from 1959 about a man (played by Oscarito) who tries to sell a UFO that lands on his house. Spies tail him, as they suspect it is a Russian Sputnik satellite. Norma Bengell also stars, performing a par ...
'' (1959), while there is a plethora of 1960–1970s films, including
Cinema Novo
Cinema Novo (), "New Cinema" in English, is a genre and movement of film noted for its emphasis on social equality and intellectualism that rose to prominence in Brazil during the 1960s and 1970s.Dixon & Foster, 293. Cinema Novo formed in respon ...
and works. Almost one third of the films were from the
Retomada period (1995–onward), and the list included not only feature films but also documentaries and short films. Cinema Novo director
Glauber Rocha
Glauber de Andrade Rocha (; 14 March 1939 – 22 August 1981) was a Brazilian film director, actor and screenwriter. He was one of the most influential moviemakers of Brazilian cinema and a key figure of Cinema Novo. His films ''Black God, White ...
is the filmmaker with the most films in the list: five; followed by
Rogério Sganzerla
Rogério Sganzerla (4 May 1946 — 9 January 2004) was a Brazilian filmmaker. One of the main names of the '' cinema marginal'' underground movement, his most known work is ''The Red Light Bandit'' (1968). Sganzerla was influenced by Orson ...
,
Nelson Pereira dos Santos
Nelson Pereira dos Santos (22 October 1928 21 April 2018) was a Brazilian film director. He directed films such as ''Vidas secas (film), Vidas Secas'' (Barren Lives), based on the Vidas Secas, book with the same name by Brazilian writer Gracilia ...
,
Héctor Babenco
Héctor Eduardo Babenco (February 7, 1946July 13, 2016) was an Argentine-Brazilian film director, screenwriter, producer and actor who worked in several countries including Brazil, Argentina, and the United States. He was one of the first Braz ...
and
Carlos Reichenbach
Carlos Oscar Reichenbach Filho (14 June 1945 – 14 June 2012) was a Brazilian filmmaker.
Early life and career
Reichenbach was born in Porto Alegre to Luise Reichenbach (née Tinger) and Carlos Reichenbach. Reichenbach was one year of age wh ...
, each with four works.
Release
The Brazilian Film Critics Association was founded in 2011,
and since then it has been considered one of the best institutions of cinema criticism.
As such, there was a long-time demand for Abraccine to release such a list. The list was done after a suggestion of the publisher Letramento.
In September 2015, Abraccine and Letramento started to work on a book about the world best films that eventually became about the best Brazilian films only.
At first, 379 works were mentioned when all Abraccine's associated critics—more than 100
—were asked to send a ranked list of their 25 best films.
[ There was no specific criteria or guideline for these individual lists, each critic freely deciding their list.] The final result of the poll was first made available to the public on 26 November 2015. The first list included Joaquim Pedro de Andrade
Joaquim Pedro de Andrade (May 25, 1932 – September 10, 1988) was a Brazilian film director and screenwriter. He was a member of the Cinema Novo movement in Brazil. Andrade is best known for his 1969 film ''Macunaíma (film), Macunaíma'', ba ...
's ''Conjugal Warfare'' (1975) and Hugo Carvana
Hugo Carvana de Hollanda (4 June 1937 – 4 October 2014) was a Brazilian actor and film director. He appeared in more than 110 films and television shows between 1954 and 2014.
Selected filmography Film
*1955: ''Trabalhou Bem, Genival' ...
's ''Bar Esperanza'' (1983) tied in the last position;[ after a recount of the votes, ]Selton Mello
Selton Figueiredo Mello (born 30 December 1972) is a Brazilian actor and director. Since his childhood, he acted on TV shows. Now he works on TV, movies and theater. Throughout his career, he developed a strong and solid experience in cinema, pr ...
's '' The Clown'' (2011) replaced them.[ When the book was released, during the ]Gramado Film Festival
The Gramado Film Festival ( pt, Festival de Gramado) is an international film festival held annually in the Brazilian city of Gramado, Rio Grande do Sul, since 1973. In 1992, the festival began to award Latin American films produced outside of Br ...
on 1 September 2016, some other changes in the ranking order were done.[
The book, titled ''The 100 Best Brazilian Films'' (Portuguese: ''Os 100 Melhores Filmes Brasileiros''), was the first publication of Abraccine,][ and was done in a joint venture with Letramento and television network ]Canal Brasil
Canal Brasil is a Brazilian subscription TV channel with programming focused on the country's audiovisual productions. It is the result of an association of Grupo Globo's cable TV division Canais Globo with the company Grupo Consórcio Brasil (G ...
.[ Edited by Abraccine's then president Paulo Henrique Silva, the 440-page work contained essays on each film selected.][ Prior to its release, the association did a research and concluded that only 5% of the Brazilian population watched Brazilian films regularly and most of them did not read film criticism.][ So, the book was published to draw attention to the importance of the Brazilian cinema and film criticism in a moment Brazilian media "depleted" such discussion, according to Silva.][ To promote the release of the book, twelve of the selected films were broadcast, in no particular order, on a special timeslot of Canal Brasil between 12 September 2016 and 15 November 2016.] Two films aired each week, the first one being Anselmo Duarte
Anselmo Duarte Bento (; 21 April 1920 – 7 November 2009) was a Brazilian actor, screenwriter and film director.
Early life
Duarte was born in Salto, São Paulo on 21 April 1920. He was raised by his mother, alongside his six siblings. ...
's ''O Pagador de Promessas
''O Pagador de Promessas'' (, ''Keeper of Promises''The title translates literally as ''The Payer of Promises'', but the film has been known by several other names in the English-speaking world, such as ''Keeper of Promises'', ''The Given Word'' a ...
'' (1962) and the last being Cláudio Assis
Cláudio Assis (born December 19, 1959) is a Brazilian filmmaker. He was born in Caruaru, in the state of Pernambuco, and went to Recife, the state's capital, when he was 17. There, he started to attend for Economics and Communication studies, but ...
' ''Mango Yellow
''Mango Yellow'' ( pt, Amarelo Manga) is a 2002 Brazilian drama film directed by Cláudio Assis. It stars Matheus Nachtergaele, Jonas Bloch, Dira Paes, Chico Díaz, and Leona Cavalli as working-class people who engage in amorous and social enco ...
'' (2002).[
]
Content
The list features films of almost all decades from the 1930s to the 2010s, except for the 1940s. The oldest films in the list were Mário Peixoto
Mário Rodrigues Breves Peixoto (; March 3, 1908 – February 3, 1992) was a Brazilian film director, mainly known for his only film '' Limite'', a silent experimental film filmed in 1930 and premiered in Rio de Janeiro on 17 May 1931. Pei ...
's ''Limite
''Limite'' (, Portuguese for "limit" or "border") is a film by Brazilian director and writer Mário Peixoto (1908–1992), filmed in 1930 and first screened in 1931.
Cited by some as the greatest of all Brazilian films, this 120-minute, silen ...
'' (1931), Humberto Mauro
Humberto Duarte Mauro (30 April 1897 – 5 November 1983) was a Brazilian film director. His best known work is '' Ganga Bruta''. He is often considered the greatest director of early Brazilian cinema.
Career
Mauro's second feature film ''Thes ...
's ''Ganga Bruta
''Ganga Bruta'' (literally translated as "Brutal Gang"; also known as ''Rough Diamond'') is a 1933 Brazilian drama film directed by Humberto Mauro. Starring Durval Bellini and Déa Selva, it follows a man who, after killing his wife on their we ...
'' (1933), and Lima Barreto
Afonso Henriques de Lima Barreto (13 May 1881 – 1 November 1922) was a Brazilian novelist and journalist. A major figure in Brazilian Pre-Modernism, he is famous for the novel '' Triste Fim de Policarpo Quaresma'', a bitter satire of the first ...
's ''O Cangaceiro
''O Cangaceiro'' (lit. "The Cangaceiro"; also known as ''The Bandit'' and ''The Bandits'') is a 1953 Brazilian adventure western film directed by Lima Barreto. After some reluctance by its studio Vera Cruz, Barreto shot it in 1952. After its r ...
'' (1953), the first being also the first placed; the newest films were Anna Muylaert
Ana Luiza Machado da Silva Muylaert (born 21 April 1964), known professionally as Anna Muylaert, is a Brazilian film and television director, producer and screenwriter.
Education and early career
Anna studied filmmaking at the School of Communi ...
's '' The Second Mother'' (2015), Fernando Coimbra
Fernando Coimbra is a Brazilian film director, known for directing '' A Wolf at the Door'' (2013) and ''Sand Castle'' (2017). For the former film, Coimbra was nominated for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – First-T ...
's '' A Wolf at the Door'' (2013), and Hilton Lacerda's ''Tattoo
A tattoo is a form of body modification made by inserting tattoo ink, dyes, and/or pigments, either indelible or temporary, into the dermis layer of the skin to form a design. Tattoo artists create these designs using several Process of tatt ...
'' (2013).[ The 1960s films placed high and seven were in the top 10.][ From the 1960s, there was a constant presence of ]Cinema Novo
Cinema Novo (), "New Cinema" in English, is a genre and movement of film noted for its emphasis on social equality and intellectualism that rose to prominence in Brazil during the 1960s and 1970s.Dixon & Foster, 293. Cinema Novo formed in respon ...
films,[ which were three—]Glauber Rocha
Glauber de Andrade Rocha (; 14 March 1939 – 22 August 1981) was a Brazilian film director, actor and screenwriter. He was one of the most influential moviemakers of Brazilian cinema and a key figure of Cinema Novo. His films ''Black God, White ...
's ''Black God, White Devil
''Black God, White Devil'' ( pt, Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol; literally, ''God and the Devil in the Land of the Sun'') is a 1964 Brazilian film directed and written by Glauber Rocha. The film stars Othon Bastos, Maurício do Valle, Yoná Magal ...
'' (1964) and ''Entranced Earth
''Entranced Earth'' ( pt, Terra em Transe , "World in a Trance", also called ''Land in Anguish'' or ''Earth Entranced'') is a 1967 Brazilian ''Cinema Novo'' drama film directed by Glauber Rocha. It was shot in Parque Lage and at the Municipal T ...
'' (1967), and Nelson Pereira dos Santos
Nelson Pereira dos Santos (22 October 1928 21 April 2018) was a Brazilian film director. He directed films such as ''Vidas secas (film), Vidas Secas'' (Barren Lives), based on the Vidas Secas, book with the same name by Brazilian writer Gracilia ...
' '' Barren Lives'' (1963)—of the top 5.[ (1960–70s underground films) was also frequent on the list; its representants, ]Rogério Sganzerla
Rogério Sganzerla (4 May 1946 — 9 January 2004) was a Brazilian filmmaker. One of the main names of the '' cinema marginal'' underground movement, his most known work is ''The Red Light Bandit'' (1968). Sganzerla was influenced by Orson ...
, Júlio Bressane
Júlio Eduardo Bressane de Azevedo (born February 13, 1946) is a Brazilian filmmaker and writer.
Biography
A representative of the Brazilian '' cinema marginal'', Julio Bressane began making films as an assistant director of Walter Lima Jr., in ...
and Ozualdo Candeias had more than one film in the list.[ 30 films of the Retomada (1995–onward) period feature in the list;][ however, ]Fernando Meirelles
Fernando Ferreira Meirelles (; born 9 November 1955) is a Brazilian film director, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for co-directing the film '' City of God'', released in 2002 in Brazil and in 2003 in the U.S. by Miramax Films, which ...
' Oscar-nominated '' City of God'' (2002) is the only to be among the top 10.[ On the other hand, only one '']chanchada
Brazilian cinema was introduced early in the 20th century but took some time to consolidate itself as a popular form of entertainment. The film industry of Brazil has gone through periods of ups and downs, a reflection of its dependency on state ...
'' (1930–50s musical comedies), Carlos Manga
Carlos Manga (6 January 1928 – 17 September 2015) was a Brazilian film director. He directed 25 films between 1952 and 1986.
Selected filmography
* ''The Terrible Twosome'' (1953)
* ''Os Trapalhões e o Rei do Futebol'' (1986)
References ...
's ''O Homem do Sputnik
O Homem do Sputnik is a Brazilian comedy film from 1959 about a man (played by Oscarito) who tries to sell a UFO that lands on his house. Spies tail him, as they suspect it is a Russian Sputnik satellite. Norma Bengell also stars, performing a par ...
'' (1959), appeared on the list, and no ''pornochanchada
Pornochanchada () is the name given to a genre of sex comedy films produced in Brazil that was popular from the late 1960s after popularity of commedia sexy all'italiana. By the 1980s, with the wide availability of hardcore pornography through cl ...
'' (1960–70s sex comedies) was mentioned.[
The most cited director was Rocha, whose works appeared five times in the list.][ At first, Sganzerla, dos Santos, ]Héctor Babenco
Héctor Eduardo Babenco (February 7, 1946July 13, 2016) was an Argentine-Brazilian film director, screenwriter, producer and actor who worked in several countries including Brazil, Argentina, and the United States. He was one of the first Braz ...
, Carlos Reichenbach
Carlos Oscar Reichenbach Filho (14 June 1945 – 14 June 2012) was a Brazilian filmmaker.
Early life and career
Reichenbach was born in Porto Alegre to Luise Reichenbach (née Tinger) and Carlos Reichenbach. Reichenbach was one year of age wh ...
, and Pedro de Andrade appeared with four films each.[ However, the latter was demoted to three films when ''Conjugal Warfare'' was removed from the list after a recount.][ There were only four films directed solely by a woman in the list: ]Suzana Amaral
Suzana Amaral Rezende (March 28, 1932 – June 25, 2020) was a Brazilian film director and screenwriter. She was best known for the 1985 film ''A Hora da Estrela'' ('' Hour of the Star'').
Career
Amaral's film career started at the age of 37 whe ...
's '' Hour of the Star'' (1985), Muylaert's ''The Second Mother''; Laís Bodanzky
Laís Bodanzky (born 23 September 1969) is a Brazilian film director, producer and screenwriter. She is best known for '' Brainstorm'', a film about the situation in mental institutions in Brazil.
Over 15 years, she has coordinated the educational ...
's '' Brainstorm'' (2001), and Ana Carolina
Ana Carolina Sousa (, born September 9, 1974) is a Brazilian singer, songwriter and musician.
Career
Carolina has a contralto vocal range. Her musical influence comes from the crib, her grandmother used to sing on the radio, and her great aunt a ...
's '' Sea of Roses'' (1977).[
In addition to feature films, the list also included documentary films—among them, ]Eduardo Coutinho
Eduardo de Oliveira Coutinho (May 11, 1933 – February 2, 2014) was a Brazilian film director, screen writer, actor and film producer, known as one of the most important documentarists in Brazil.
He directed and wrote the script to the 1967 po ...
's ''Twenty Years Later
''Twenty Years Later'' ( pt, Cabra Marcado para Morrer, "A Man Marked for Death") is a 1984 Brazilian documentary film directed by Eduardo Coutinho.
It originated in 1964 as a planned feature film about the life and death of João Pedro Teixeira, ...
'' (1984)—and short films, such as Jorge Furtado
Jorge Alberto Furtado (born June 9, 1959) is a Brazilian film and television director and screenwriter.
Life and career
Furtado attended university for courses in medicine, psychology, journalism and arts but didn't graduate. He began his profe ...
's ''Isle of Flowers
''Isle of Flowers'' ( pt, Ilha das Flores) is a 1989 Brazilian short film by Jorge Furtado. It tracks the path of a tomato from grower to the child who collects it as food from a dump with the help of voiceover and a collection of illustrative ...
'' (1989), Rocha's '' Di'' (1977), and Linduarte Noronha's '' Aruanda'' (1960).
Reception
Although noted that this kind of list always create some polemic, s Gabriel Oliveira praised the list for its plurality.[ Ernesto Barros of ]Recife
That it may shine on all ( Matthew 5:15)
, image_map = Brazil Pernambuco Recife location map.svg
, mapsize = 250px
, map_caption = Location in the state of Pernambuco
, pushpin_map = Brazil#South A ...
's opined the list could be wider if outsiders and scholars were invited, but nevertheless considered it to be a good sample of the best of the Brazilian cinema. Writing for , Renato Félix thought the selection method was the "most democratic" one but also said it made impossible to conscious avoid overrepresentation of directors and movements; ultimately, Félix considered it an important publication because it was a good way to determine how Brazilian critics perceived its eras. Enock Cavalcanti did not give an opinion about the list content but commented in ''Diário de Cuiabá'' that the list itself should be praised as an effort to overcome the cultural prejudice Brazilian people have toward their country's cinema.
Breakdown
By director
; 5 films
* Glauber Rocha
Glauber de Andrade Rocha (; 14 March 1939 – 22 August 1981) was a Brazilian film director, actor and screenwriter. He was one of the most influential moviemakers of Brazilian cinema and a key figure of Cinema Novo. His films ''Black God, White ...
; 4 films
*Héctor Babenco
Héctor Eduardo Babenco (February 7, 1946July 13, 2016) was an Argentine-Brazilian film director, screenwriter, producer and actor who worked in several countries including Brazil, Argentina, and the United States. He was one of the first Braz ...
*Carlos Reichenbach
Carlos Oscar Reichenbach Filho (14 June 1945 – 14 June 2012) was a Brazilian filmmaker.
Early life and career
Reichenbach was born in Porto Alegre to Luise Reichenbach (née Tinger) and Carlos Reichenbach. Reichenbach was one year of age wh ...
*Nelson Pereira dos Santos
Nelson Pereira dos Santos (22 October 1928 21 April 2018) was a Brazilian film director. He directed films such as ''Vidas secas (film), Vidas Secas'' (Barren Lives), based on the Vidas Secas, book with the same name by Brazilian writer Gracilia ...
*Rogério Sganzerla
Rogério Sganzerla (4 May 1946 — 9 January 2004) was a Brazilian filmmaker. One of the main names of the '' cinema marginal'' underground movement, his most known work is ''The Red Light Bandit'' (1968). Sganzerla was influenced by Orson ...
; 3 films
* Joaquim Pedro de Andrade
Joaquim Pedro de Andrade (May 25, 1932 – September 10, 1988) was a Brazilian film director and screenwriter. He was a member of the Cinema Novo movement in Brazil. Andrade is best known for his 1969 film ''Macunaíma (film), Macunaíma'', ba ...
* Leon Hirszman
Leon Hirszman (22 November 1937 – 15 September 1987) was a Brazilian film director, producer and screenwriter, and one of the main figures of Cinema Novo. He is best known for directing the 1981 film ''They Don't Wear Black Tie'' which won the ...
* José Mojica Marins
José Mojica Marins (13 March 1936 – 19 February 2020) was a Brazilian filmmaker, actor, composer, screenwriter, and television horror host. Marins is also known for creating and playing the character Coffin Joe (loosely translated from Zé d ...
* José Padilha
José Bastos Padilha Neto (; born 1 August 1967) is a Brazilian film director, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for directing the Brazilian critical and financial successes ''Elite Squad'' and '' Elite Squad: The Enemy Within'' and ...
* Walter Salles
Walter Moreira Salles Júnior (; born 12 April 1956) is a Brazilian filmmaker.
Early life
Salles was born on 12 April 1956 in Rio de Janeiro and attended the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts. He is the son of Brazil ...
* Andrea Tonacci
; 2 films
* Karim Aïnouz
Karim Aïnouz (born 17 January 1966) is a Brazilian film director and visual artist.
Career
Karim Aïnouz was born to a Brazilian mother and an Algerian father. He is a film director, screenwriter and visual artist. Aïnouz's feature debut, ' ...
* Júlio Bressane
Júlio Eduardo Bressane de Azevedo (born February 13, 1946) is a Brazilian filmmaker and writer.
Biography
A representative of the Brazilian '' cinema marginal'', Julio Bressane began making films as an assistant director of Walter Lima Jr., in ...
* Ozualdo Candeias
* Carlos Diegues
Carlos Diegues, also known as Cacá Diegues (born May 19, 1940), is a Brazilian film director. He was born in Maceió, Alagoas, and is best known as a member of the Cinema Novo movement. He is popularly known for his unconventional, yet intriguing ...
* Roberto Farias
Roberto Farias (27 March 1932 – 14 May 2018) was a Brazilian film director, producer and screenwriter. He directed 15 films during his career. His 1982 film '' Pra Frente, Brasil'' was entered into the 33rd Berlin International Film F ...
* Ruy Guerra
Ruy Alexandre Guerra Coelho Pereira (born August 22, 1931) is a Portuguese-Brazilian film director and screenwriter. Guerra was born a Portuguese citizen in Lourenço Marques (today Maputo) in Mozambique, when it was still a Portuguese colony.
...
* Arnaldo Jabor
Arnaldo Jabor (12 December 1940 – 15 February 2022) was a Brazilian film director and producer, screenwriter, writer, journalist and political pundit for Brazilian television network Rede Globo.
Biography
He was of jewish lebanese descent an ...
* Walter Lima Jr.
Walter Lima Jr. (born 26 November 1938) is a Brazilian film director and screenwriter. He has directed 17 films since 1965. His 1969 film ''Brazil Year 2000'' was entered into the 19th Berlin International Film Festival, where it won a Silver Be ...
* Luís Sérgio Person
* Roberto Santos
Roberto Santos Pinhanez (1928–1987) was a Brazilian film director, known for films like '' Matraga'' (''A Hora e Vez de Augusto Matraga'') and ''The Great Moment'' (''O Grande Momento'').
Biography
Santos was born in a working-class subur ...
By period
; 28 films
* 1960s
; 18 films
* 1980s, 2000s
; 15 films
* 1970s
; 8 films
* 1969
; 7 films
* 1990s, 2010s
; 5 films
* 1950s, 2002
; 4 films
* 1964, 1967
;3 films
* 1962, 1968, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1985, 1999, 2001, 2006, 2007
; 2 films
* 1930s, 1971, 1978, 1983, 1984, 1989, 2003, 2010, 2013
See also
* Time Out 100 best British films
In February 2011 ''Time Out'' surveyed 150 film industry experts to produce its list of "The 100 best British films." Nicolas Roeg's ''Don't Look Now'' topped the list. An updated list was published in May 2021, retaining the same rankings but add ...
* Films considered the greatest ever
This is a list of films considered the best in national and international surveys of critics and the public.
Some surveys focus on all films, while others focus on a particular genre or country. Voting systems differ, and some surveys suffer ...
References
{{reflist
2015 in film
2016 in film
Lists of Brazilian films
Top film lists
2010s in film