AMD Turion is the

brand name A brand is a name, term, design, symbol or any other feature that distinguishes one seller's good or service from those of other sellers. Brands are used in business, marketing, and advertising for recognition and, importantly, to create an ...

AMD Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational semiconductor company based in Santa Clara, California, that develops computer processors and related technologies for business and consumer markets. While it initially manufactur ...

applies to its

x86-64 x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) is a 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set, first released in 1999. It introduced two new modes of operation, 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new 4-level paging ...

low-power consumption (''mobile'')

processors A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor or just processor, is the electronic circuitry that executes instructions comprising a computer program. The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, ...

codenamed ''K8L''. The Turion 64 and Turion 64 X2/Ultra processors compete with Intel's mobile processors, initially the ''

Pentium M The Pentium M is a family of mobile 32-bit single-core x86 microprocessors (with the modified Intel P6 microarchitecture) introduced in March 2003 and forming a part of the Intel Carmel notebook platform under the then new Centrino brand. The ...

'' and the

Intel Core Intel Core is a line of streamlined midrange consumer, workstation and enthusiast computer central processing units (CPUs) marketed by Intel Corporation. These processors displaced the existing mid- to high-end Pentium processors at the time o ...

and

Intel Core 2 Intel Core 2 is the processor family encompassing a range of Intel's consumer 64-bit x86-64 single-, dual-, and quad-core microprocessors based on the Core microarchitecture. The single- and dual-core models are single-die, whereas the quad-cor ...

processors.

Features

Turion 64

Earliest Turion 64 processors are plugged into AMD's

Socket 754 Socket 754 is a CPU socket originally developed by AMD to supersede its Athlon XP platform (Socket 462, also referred to as Socket A). Socket 754 was the first socket developed by AMD to support their new consumer version of the 64 bit micropro ...

. They are equipped with 512 or 1024 KiB of L2 cache, a 64-bit single channel on-die DDR-400 memory controller, and an 800 MHz

HyperTransport HyperTransport (HT), formerly known as Lightning Data Transport, is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/ parallel high-bandwidth, low- latency point-to-point link that was introduced on Apri ...

bus. Battery saving features, like ''

PowerNow! __NOTOC__ AMD PowerNow! is AMD's dynamic frequency scaling and power saving technology for laptop processors. The CPU's clock speed and VCore are automatically decreased when the computer is under low load or idle, to save battery power, reduc ...

'', are central to the marketing and usefulness of these CPUs. The newer "Richmond" models are designed for AMD's

Socket S1 Socket S1 is the CPU socket type used by AMD for their Turion 64, Athlon 64 Mobile, Phenom II Mobile and later Sempron processors, which debuted with the dual-core Turion 64 X2 CPUs on May 17, 2006. Technical specifications Socket S1 is a 638 ...

and have a double-channel DDR2 controller.

Turion 64 X2

Turion 64 X2 is

64-bit In computer architecture, 64-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are 64 bits wide. Also, 64-bit CPUs and ALUs are those that are based on processor registers, address buses, or data buses of that size. A compu ...

dual-core A multi-core processor is a microprocessor on a single integrated circuit with two or more separate processing units, called cores, each of which reads and executes program instructions. The instructions are ordinary CPU instructions (such ...

mobile CPU, intended to compete with

Intel Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California. It is the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturer by revenue, and is one of the developers of the x86 seri ...

Core Core or cores may refer to: Science and technology * Core (anatomy), everything except the appendages * Core (manufacturing), used in casting and molding * Core (optical fiber), the signal-carrying portion of an optical fiber * Core, the centra ...

and Core 2 CPUs. The Turion 64 X2 was launched on May 17, 2006, after several delays. These processors use

and feature DDR2 memory. They also include AMD Virtualization Technology and more power-saving features. The earlier 90 nm devices were

codename A code name, call sign or cryptonym is a code word or name used, sometimes clandestinely, to refer to another name, word, project, or person. Code names are often used for military purposes, or in espionage. They may also be used in industrial c ...

d Taylor and Trinidad, while the newer 65 nm cores have codename Tyler.

Turion X2 Ultra

Turion X2 Ultra (codenamed ''Griffin'') is the first processor family from

solely for the mobile platform, based on the Athlon 64 (K8 Revision G) architecture with some specific architectural enhancements similar to current Phenom processors aimed at lower power consumption and longer battery life. The Turion Ultra processor was released as part of the "'' Puma''" mobile platform in June 2008. The Turion X2 Ultra is a dual-core processor fabricated on 65 nm technology using 300 mm SOI wafers. It supports DDR2-800

SO-DIMM A DIMM () (Dual In-line Memory Module), commonly called a RAM stick, comprises a series of dynamic random-access memory integrated circuits. These memory modules are mounted on a printed circuit board and designed for use in personal computers ...

s and features a DRAM prefetcher to improve performance and a mobile-enhanced northbridge (memory controller, HyperTransport controller, and crossbar switch). Each processor core comes with 1 MiB L2 cache for a total of 2 MiB L2 cache for the entire processor. This is double the L2 cache found on the Turion 64 X2 processor. Clock rates range from 2.0 GHz to 2.4 GHz, and thermal design power (TDP) range from 32 watts to 35 watts.AMD mobile CPU roadmap at Engadget
/ref> The Turion X2 Ultra processor, unlike earlier Turions, implements three voltage planes: one for the northbridge and one for each core.AnandTech review
/ref> This, along with multiple

phase-locked loop A phase-locked loop or phase lock loop (PLL) is a control system that generates an output signal whose phase is related to the phase of an input signal. There are several different types; the simplest is an electronic circuit consisting of a ...

s (PLL), allows one core to alter its voltage and operating frequency independently of the other core, and independently of the northbridge. Indeed, in a matter of microseconds, the processor can switch to one of 8 frequency levels and one of 5 voltage levels. By adjusting frequency and voltage during use, the processor can adapt to different workloads and help reduce power consumption. It can operate as low as 250 MHz to conserve power during light use. Additionally, the processor features deep sleep state C3, deeper sleep state C4 (AltVID), and

3.0 up to 2.6 GHz, or up to 41.6 GB/s bandwidth per link at 16-bit link width and dynamic scaling of HT link width down to 0-bit ("disconnected") in both directions from and to the

chipset In a computer system, a chipset is a set of electronic components in one or more integrated circuits known as a "Data Flow Management System" that manages the data flow between the processor, memory and peripherals. It is usually found on the mo ...

for four different usage scenarios.PC Watch image
/ref> It also implements multiple on-die thermal sensors through integrated SMBUS (SB-TSI) interface (replaces and eliminates the thermal monitor circuit chip through SMBUS in its predecessors) with additional MEMHOT signal sent from embedded controller to the processor, and reduces memory temperature. The Turion X2 Ultra processor uses the same socket S1 as its predecessor,

Turion 64 X2 AMD Turion is the brand name AMD applies to its x86-64 low-power consumption (''mobile'') processors codenamed ''K8L''. The Turion 64 and Turion 64 X2/Ultra processors compete with Intel's mobile processors, initially the ''Pentium M'' and the I ...

, but the pinout is different. It is designed to work with the RS780M chipset. Given the above enhancements on the architecture, the cores were minimally modified and are based on the K8 instead of the K10 microarchitecture. AMD Fellow Maurice Steinman has said the cores are almost transistor-for-transistor identical to those found in the 65 nm Turion 64 X2 processors .

Turion II Ultra

Turion II Ultra (codenamed ''Caspian'') is the mobile version of the K10.5 architecture produced using 45 nm fabrication process, also known by its desktop variant ''Regor''. It is a dual core processor, and features clock speeds of 2.5 GHz, 2 MB total L2 cache (1 MB per core), HyperTransport at 3.6 GT/s, and a 128 bit FPU. It maintains a TDP of 35W from its predecessor Turion X2 Ultra (codenamed ''Griffin'').

Turion II

Turion II is identical to Turion II Ultra, except that the Turion II features only 1 MB of L2 cache (512 KB per core), and lower clock speeds ranging from 2.2 GHz to 2.6 GHz.

Features table

CPU features table

Model naming methodology

The model naming scheme does not make it obvious how to compare one Turion with another, or even an Athlon 64. The model name is two letters, a dash, and a two digit number (for example, ML-34). The two letters together designate a processor class, while the number represents a

performance rating The PR (Performance Rating, P-rating) system was a figure of merit developed by AMD, Cyrix, IBM Microelectronics and SGS-Thomson in the mid-1990s (Cyrix announced it in February 1996) as a method of comparing their x86 processors to those of r ...

(PR). The first letter is M for mono (single) core processors and T for twin (dual) core

processors. The later in the alphabet that the second letter appears, the more the model has been designed for mobility (frugal power consumption). Take for instance, an MT-30 and an ML-34. Since the T in the MT-30 is later in the alphabet than the L in ML-34, the MT-30 consumes less power than the ML-34. But since 34 is greater than 30, the ML-34 is faster than the MT-30. The release of the Turion II Ultra and Turion II lineups have simplified name methodology; all newly released Turions have the letter "M" followed by a number designating relative performance. The higher the number, the higher the clock speed. For example, the Turion II M500 has a clock speed of 2.2 GHz while the Turion II M520 has a clock speed of 2.3 GHz.

Cores

Lancaster (90 nm SOI)

* Stepping E5 * L1 cache: 64 + 64 KiB (data + instructions) * L2 cache: 512 or 1024 KiB, full speed * MMX, Enhanced 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2,

SSE3 SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions (PNI), is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 (x86) architecture. Intel introduced SSE3 in early 2004 with the Prescott revis ...

AMD64 x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) is a 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set, first released in 1999. It introduced two new modes of operation, 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new 4-level paging m ...

NX Bit The NX bit (no-execute) is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors. However, the NX bit i ...

(800 MHz, HT800) * VCore: **0.8 V - 1.2 V for ML chips **0.8 V - 1.35 V for MT chips * Power consumption ( TDP): 25/35 watt max * First release: August 25, 2005 * Clock rate: 1600, 1800, 2000, 2200, 2400 MHz ** 25W TDP: *** MT-28: 1600

MHz The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose expression in terms of SI base units is s−1, meaning that one he ...

(512 KiB L2-Cache) *** MT-30: 1600

(1024 KiB L2-Cache) *** MT-32: 1800

(512

KiB The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. Historically, the byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer and for this reason it is the smallest addressable unit ...

L2-Cache) *** MT-34: 1800

(1024 KiB L2-Cache) *** MT-37: 2000

(1024 KiB L2-Cache) *** MT-40: 2200

(1024 KiB L2-Cache) ** 35W TDP: *** ML-28: 1600 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache) *** ML-30: 1600 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache) *** ML-32: 1800 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache) *** ML-34: 1800 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache) *** ML-37: 2000 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache) *** ML-40: 2200 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache) *** ML-42: 2400 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache) *** ML-44: 2400 MHz (1024 KiB L2-Cache)

Richmond (90 nm SOI)

The models support the same features available in Lancaster, plus AMD-V. * L1 cache: 64 + 64 KiB (data + instructions) * L2 cache: 512 KiB, full speed * MMX, Enhanced 3DNow!, SSE, SSE2,

, AMD-V *

(800 MHz, HT800) * Power consumption ( TDP): 31 watt max * First release: September 1, 2006 * Clock rate: 2000, 2200 MHz ** 31W TDP: *** MK-36: 2000 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache) *** MK-38: 2200 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache)

Taylor & Trinidad (90 nm SOI)

* Dual

core * Stepping F2 * L1

cache Cache, caching, or caché may refer to: Places United States * Cache, Idaho, an unincorporated community * Cache, Illinois, an unincorporated community * Cache, Oklahoma, a city in Comanche County * Cache, Utah, Cache County, Utah * Cache County ...

: 64 + 64

(

data In the pursuit of knowledge, data (; ) is a collection of discrete Value_(semiotics), values that convey information, describing quantity, qualitative property, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of sy ...

instructions Instruction or instructions may refer to: Computing * Instruction, one operation of a processor within a computer architecture instruction set * Computer program, a collection of instructions Music * Instruction (band), a 2002 rock band from Ne ...

) per core * L2 cache: 256 KiB (''Taylor'') or 512 KiB (''Trinidad'') per core, full speed * Memory controller: dual channel DDR2-667 MHz * MMX, Extended

3DNow! 3DNow! is a deprecated extension to the x86 instruction set developed by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). It adds single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instructions to the base x86 instruction set, enabling it to perform vector processing of fl ...

, SSE, SSE2,

NX bit The NX bit (no-execute) is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors. However, the NX bit i ...

(800 MHz, 1600 MT/s, 10.7 GB/s CPU-RAM + 6.4 GB/s CPU-I/O transfer rat

* Power consumption ( TDP): 31, 33, 35 watt max * First release: May 17, 2006 * Clock rate: 1600, 1800, 2000, 2200 MHz ** 31W TDP: *** TL-50: 1600 MHz (256 KiB L2-Cache per core) *** TL-52: 1600 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core) ** 33W TDP: *** TL-56: 1800 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core) ** 35W TDP: *** TL-60: 2000 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core) *** TL-64: 2200 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)

Tyler (65 nm SOI)

* Dual AMD64 core * Steppings G1, G2 * L1 cache: 64 + 64 KiB (data + instructions) per core * L2 cache: 256 KiB per core (All Athlon & Turion TL-50) or 512 KiB per core (All Others), full speed * Memory controller: dual channel DDR2-667 MHz (10.6 GB/s full-duplex CPU/RAM bandwidth) * 100 MHz granularity (Dynamic P-state Transitions) * MMX, Extended

, SSE, SSE2,

, AMD-V#AMD virtualization (AMD-V), AMD-V *

(800 MHz / 1600 MT/s) * Power consumption ( TDP): 31, 35 watt max. * First release: 2007 * Clock rate: 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400 MHz ** 31W TDP: *** TK-53 1700 MHz (256 KiB L2-Cache per core) - ※Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core for Notebooks *** TK-55 1800 MHz (256 KiB L2-Cache per core) - ※Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core for Notebooks *** TL-56 1800 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core) *** TK-57 1900 MHz (256 KiB L2-Cache per core) - ※Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core for Notebooks *** TL-58 1900 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core) *** TL-60 2000 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core) ** 35W TDP: *** TL-62 2100 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core) *** TL-64 2200 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core) *** TL-66 2300 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core) *** TL-68 2400 MHz (512 KiB L2-Cache per core)

Lion (65 nm SOI)

* Dual

core * B1 Stepping * L1

: 64 + 64

(

) per core ** L2 cache: 512

per core, full speed, or ** L2 cache: 1 MiB per core, full speed * Memory controller: dual channel DDR2-800 MHz * MMX, Extended

, SSE, SSE2,

, AMD-V#AMD virtualization (AMD-V), AMD-V * Socket S1 (S1g2) *

(1800 MHz, 3600 MT/s, 12.8 GB/s CPU-RAM + 14.4 GB/s CPU-I/O transfer rate) *

(2200 MHz, 4400 MT/s on ZM-85 y ZM-87 only) * Power consumption ( TDP): 32, 35 watt max * First release: June 4, 2008 ** Clock rate: 2000, 2100, 2200 MHz (RM-7x, L2 cache: 1 MiB) ** Clock rate: 2100, 2200, 2300, 2400, 2500 MHz (ZM-8x, L2 cache: 2 MiB) ** 31W TDP: *** RM-70: 2000 MHz ** 32W TDP: *** ZM-80: 2100 MHz ** 35W TDP: *** RM-72: 2100 MHz *** RM-74: 2200 MHz *** ZM-82: 2200 MHz *** ZM-84: 2300 MHz *** ZM-85: 2300 MHz *** ZM-86: 2400 MHz *** ZM-87: 2400 MHz *** ZM-88: 2500 MHz

Caspian (45 nm SOI)

* Dual

Stars A star is an astronomical object comprising a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun. Many other stars are visible to the naked eye at night, but their immense distances from Earth ma ...

core ** L2 cache: 512

per core, full speed (For Turion II, Athlon II and Sempron II), or ** L2 cache: 1 MiB per core, full speed (For Turion II Ultra) * Memory controller: dual channel DDR2-800 MHz * MMX, Extended

, SSE, SSE2,

, SSE4a,

, AMD-V#AMD virtualization (AMD-V), AMD-V *

g3 *

(1800 MHz, 3600 MT/s on M6xx/M5xx models, 1600 MHz, 3200 MT/s for M3xx models) * Power consumption ( TDP): 35 watt max ** Clock rate: 2000 (M1xx, L2 cache 512

) ** Clock rate: 2000, 2100, 2200 MHz (M3xx, L2 cache: 1 MiB) ** Clock rate: 2200, 2300, 2400 MHz (M5xx, L2 cache: 1 MiB) ** Clock rate: 2400, 2500, 2600, 2700 MHz (M6xx, L2 cache: 2 MiB) ** 25W TDP: *** M100: 2000 MHz - Sempron II Single-Core (only 64 bit FPU) *** M120: 2100 MHz - Sempron II Single-Core (only 64 bit FPU) ** 35W TDP: *** M300: 2000 MHz – Athlon II Dual-Core (only 64 bit FPU) *** M320: 2100 MHz – Athlon II Dual-Core (only 64 bit FPU) *** M340: 2200 MHz – Athlon II Dual-Core (only 64 bit FPU) *** M500: 2200 MHz – Turion II Dual-Core *** M520: 2300 MHz – Turion II Dual-Core *** M540: 2400 MHz – Turion II Dual-Core *** M600: 2400 MHz – Turion II Ultra Dual-Core *** M620: 2500 MHz – Turion II Ultra Dual-Core *** M640: 2600 MHz – Turion II Ultra Dual-Core *** M660: 2700 MHz – Turion II Ultra Dual-Core

Champlain

* Based on the AMD K10 microarchitecture * All models support: '' MMX, SSE, SSE2,

, SSE4a, Enhanced 3DNow!,

Cool'n'Quiet AMD Cool'n'Quiet is a CPU dynamic frequency scaling and power saving technology introduced by AMD with its Athlon XP processor line. It works by reducing the processor's clock rate and voltage when the processor is idle. The aim of this techn ...

'', '' AMD-V'' * Memory support: DDR3 SDRAM,

DDR3L SDRAM Double Data Rate 3 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DDR3 SDRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) with a high bandwidth ("double data rate") interface, and has been in use since 2007. It is the higher-speed ...

References

External links

AMD official website

Reuters news report on the announcement of the chips

PCworld Turion based notebooks review

Acer Aspire 5020 Series Review from www.notebookreview.com

Detailed review at www.anandtech.com

The Register : AMD, IBM "stress" silicon for 65nm process, by Tony Smith

Article from ExtremeTech: AMD Adds Second Core To Turion Notebook Chip

* http://support.amd.com/us/psearch/Pages/psearch.aspx?type=2.2%3b2.3&product=2.2.8&contentType=Tech+Doc+Embedded&ostype=&keywords=&items=20 {{DEFAULTSORT:Turion Advanced Micro Devices x86 microprocessors

Features

Turion 64

Turion 64 X2

Turion X2 Ultra

Turion II Ultra

Turion II

Features table

Model naming methodology

Cores

Lancaster (90 nm SOI)

Richmond (90 nm SOI)

Taylor & Trinidad (90 nm SOI)

Tyler (65 nm SOI)

Lion (65 nm SOI)

Caspian (45 nm SOI)

Champlain

See also

References

External links