Events in the year 1992 in Mexico.

Incumbents

Federal government

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

Carlos Salinas de Gortari Carlos Salinas de Gortari CYC DMN (; born 3 April 1948) is a Mexican economist and politician who served as 60th president of Mexico from 1988 to 1994. Affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), earlier in his career he wor ...

Interior Secretary The United States secretary of the interior is the head of the United States Department of the Interior. The secretary and the Department of the Interior are responsible for the management and conservation of most federal land along with natural ...

(SEGOB):

Fernando Gutiérrez Barrios Fernando Gutiérrez Barrios (October 26, 1927 – October 30, 2000) was a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He was in charge of the Dirección Federal de Seguridad secret police at the midst of th ...

Secretary of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...

(SRE):

Fernando Solana Morales Fernando Solana Morales (February 8, 1931 – March 23, 2016) was a Mexican diplomat, politician and businessman. He served as the Mexican Secretary of Public Education, of Commerce and of Foreign Affairs. Biography Born in Mexico City, Fer ...

* Communications Secretary (SCT): Andrés Caso Lombardo/

Emilio Gamboa Patrón Emilio Antonio Gamboa Patrón (born 23 August 1950) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRI. He was Senator during the 2000–2003 and 2003–2006 Legislatures and deputy during the LX Legislature and the LXII Legislature of the Mexica ...

* Secretary of Defense (SEDENA): Antonio Riviello Bazán *

Secretary of Navy The secretary of the Navy (or SECNAV) is a statutory officer () and the head (chief executive officer) of the Department of the Navy, a military department (component organization) within the United States Department of Defense. By law, the sec ...

: Luis Carlos Ruano Angulo * Secretary of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS):

Arsenio Farell Cubillas Arsenio Farell Cubillas (June 30, 1921 – May 15, 2005) was a Mexican lawyer and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as Secretary of Labor in the cabinets of Miguel de la Madrid and Carlos Sali ...

* Secretary of Welfare: Patricio Chirinos Calero/

Luis Donaldo Colosio Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta (; 10 February 1950 – 23 March 1994) was a Mexican politician, economist, and Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) presidential candidate, who was assassinated at a campaign rally in Tijuana during the Mexic ...

Secretary of Public Education The Mexican Secretariat of Public Education ( in Spanish ''Secretaría de Educación Pública'', ''SEP'') is a federal government authority with cabinet representation and the responsibility for overseeing the development and implementation of ...

Manuel Bartlett Díaz Manuel Bartlett Díaz (born 23 February 1936) is a Mexican politician, and the current director of the public energy company CFE, and former Secretary of the Interior. Bartlett was elected to the Senate of the Republic for the 2000–2006 ...

Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León (; born 27 December 1951) is a Mexican economist and politician. He was 61st president of Mexico from 1 December 1994 to 30 November 2000, as the last of the uninterrupted 71-year line of Mexican presidents from t ...

* Tourism Secretary (SECTUR):

Silvia Hernández Enríquez Silvia Hernández Enríquez (born 1948) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as Secretary of Tourism from December 1994 to December 1997. Political career Hernández, an active PRI membe ...

* Secretary of the Environment (SEMARNAT): Guillermo Jiménez Morales *

Secretary of Health A health minister is the member of a country's government typically responsible for protecting and promoting public health and providing welfare and other social security services. Some governments have separate Minister of Mental Health, ministers ...

(SALUD):

Jesús Kumate Rodríguez Jesús Kumate Rodríguez (13 November 1924 – 7 May 2018) was a Mexican physician and politician. He served as the Secretary of Health during the Presidency of Carlos Salinas de Gortari. Early life and education Kumate Rodríguez was born ...

Supreme Court

* President of the Supreme Court:

Governors

Aguascalientes Aguascalientes (; ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Aguascalientes ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Aguascalientes), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. At 22°N and ...

Miguel Ángel Barberena Vega Miguel Ángel Barberena Vega (4 August 1928 – 16 June 1999) was a Mexican Naval officer and politician. Early life Miguel Ángel Barberena Vega was born in Jesús María, Aguascalientes, the capital city of the Free and Sovereign State o ...

, (

Institutional Revolutionary Party The Institutional Revolutionary Party ( es, Partido Revolucionario Institucional, ; abbr. PRI) is a political party in Mexico that was founded in 1929 and held uninterrupted power in the country for 71 years, from 1929 to 2000, first as the Nati ...

, PRI), until November 30 **

Otto Granados Roldán Otto is a masculine German given name and a surname. It originates as an Old High German short form (variants ''Audo'', '' Odo'', '' Udo'') of Germanic names beginning in ''aud-'', an element meaning "wealth, prosperity". The name is recorded ...

, PRI, starting December 1. *

Baja California Baja California (; 'Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California), is a state in Mexico. It is the northernmost and westernmost of the 32 federal entities of Mex ...

Ernesto Ruffo Appel Ernesto Ruffo Appel (born 25 June 1952) is a Mexican politician, who served as the 10th Governor of Baja California from 1989 to 1995. A member of the National Action Party (PAN), Ruffo was the first state governor not affiliated with the ruling ...

, ( National Action Party PAN) *

Baja California Sur Baja California Sur (; 'South Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California Sur ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California Sur), is the least populated state and the 31st admitted state of the 32 federal ent ...

: Víctor Manuel Liceaga Ruibal *

Campeche Campeche (; yua, Kaampech ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Campeche ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Campeche), is one of the 31 states which make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. Located in southeast Mexico, it is bordered by ...

Abelardo Carrillo Zavala Abelardo is a masculine given name. It is an Italian form of the name ''Abelard''. Sometimes used as a variant of Abel. As a given name * Abelardo Aguilar, Filipino doctor and researcher * Abelardo Aguilú Jr. (c. 1870–c. 1940), Puerto Rica ...

/ Jorge Salomón Azar García *

Chiapas Chiapas (; Tzotzil language, Tzotzil and Tzeltal language, Tzeltal: ''Chyapas'' ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas), is one of the states that make up the Political divisions of Mexico, ...

: Patrocinio González Garrido * Chihuahua:

Fernando Baeza Meléndez Fernando Baeza Meléndez (born January 21, 1942 in Delicias, Chihuahua) is a Mexican politician and a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). Baeza served as the Governor of Chihuahua from 1986 to 1992. In 1986, was elected Gover ...

Francisco Barrio Francisco Javier Barrio Terrazas (born November 25, 1950) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). He is a former governor of Chihuahua and former secretary in the cabinet of President Vicente Fox. Barrio was bo ...

Coahuila Coahuila (), formally Coahuila de Zaragoza (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Coahuila de Zaragoza ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza), is one of the 32 states of Mexico. Coahuila borders the Mexican states of N ...

Eliseo Mendoza Berrueto Eliseo Francisco Mendoza Berrueto (13 April 1931 – 17 May 2022)
was a ...

Colima Colima (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Colima ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Colima), is one of the 31 states that make up the Political divisions of Mexico, 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and ...

: Carlos de la Madrid Virgen *

Durango Durango (), officially named Estado Libre y Soberano de Durango ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Durango; Tepehuán: ''Korian''; Nahuatl: ''Tepēhuahcān''), is one of the 31 states which make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico, situated in ...

: José Ramírez Gamero/

Maximiliano Silerio Esparza Maximiliano Silerio Esparza is a Mexican politician, member of Institutional Revolutionary Party and a former Governor of Durango (1992–1998). Biography Maximiliano Silerio has occupied the positions of Federal Deputy on II the Federal Electora ...

Guanajuato Guanajuato (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Guanajuato ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Guanajuato), is one of the 32 states that make up the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 46 municipalities and its capital city i ...

Carlos Medina Plascencia Carlos Medina Plascencia (born 14 August 1955 in León, Guanajuato) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the conservative National Action Party (PAN). He is a former mayor of León, senator and interim governor of Guanajuato (1991 – 19 ...

Guerrero Guerrero is one of the 32 states that comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 81 municipalities and its capital city is Chilpancingo and its largest city is Acapulcocopied from article, GuerreroAs of 2020, Guerrero the pop ...

José Francisco Ruiz Massieu José Francisco Ruiz Massieu (July 22, 1946 – September 28, 1994) was a Mexican political figure. He was governor of Guerrero from 1987 to 1993. He then served as the secretary-general of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) in 1994 ...

(PRI) *

Hidalgo Hidalgo may refer to: People * Hidalgo (nobility), members of the Spanish nobility * Hidalgo (surname) Places Mexico * Hidalgo (state), in central Mexico * Hidalgo, Coahuila, a town in the north Mexican state of Coahuila * Hidalgo, Nuevo Le� ...

: Adolfo Lugo Verduzco *

Jalisco Jalisco (, , ; Nahuatl: Xalixco), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco ; Nahuatl: Tlahtohcayotl Xalixco), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal En ...

: Guillermo Cosío Vidaurri/

Carlos Rivera Aceves Carlos may refer to: Places ;Canada * Carlos, Alberta, a locality ;United States * Carlos, Indiana, an unincorporated community * Carlos, Maryland, a place in Allegany County * Carlos, Minnesota, a small city * Carlos, West Virginia ;Elsewher ...

(PRI) *

State of Mexico The State of Mexico ( es, Estado de México; ), officially just Mexico ( es, México), is one of the 32 federal entities of the United Mexican States. Commonly known as Edomex (from ) to distinguish it from the name of the whole country, it is ...

: Ignacio Pichardo Pagaza/

Emilio Chuayffet Emilio Chuayffet Chemor (born 3 October 1951) is a Mexican lawyer and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party since 1969. He previously held the office of Governor of the State of Mexico from 1993 to 1995 and Secreta ...

(PRI) *

Michoacán Michoacán, formally Michoacán de Ocampo (; Purépecha: ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Michoacán de Ocampo ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Michoacán de Ocampo), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of ...

: Genovevo Figueroa Zamudio/ Eduardo Villaseñor Peña/ Ausencio Chávez Hernández *

Morelos Morelos (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Morelos ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Morelos), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 36 municipalities and its capital city is Cuer ...

Antonio Riva Palacio Antonio Riva Palacio López (1926 – July 14, 2014) was a Mexican lawyer, politician, and member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as the Governor of Morelos for a full six-year term from 1988 until 1994. He was also a ...

(PRI). *

Nayarit Nayarit (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Nayarit ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Nayarit), is one of the 31 states that, along with Mexico City, comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 20 municipalities and its ...

: Celso Humberto Delgado Ramírez *

Nuevo León Nuevo León () is a state in the northeast region of Mexico. The state was named after the New Kingdom of León, an administrative territory from the Viceroyalty of New Spain, itself was named after the historic Spanish Kingdom of León. With a ...

: Sócrates Rizzo (PRI) *

Oaxaca Oaxaca ( , also , , from nci, Huāxyacac ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca), is one of the 32 states that compose the political divisions of Mexico, Federative Entities of Mexico. It is ...

: Diódoro Carrasco Altamirano (PRI) *

Puebla Puebla ( en, colony, settlement), officially Free and Sovereign State of Puebla ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Puebla), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 217 municipalities and its cap ...

: Mariano Piña Olaya/

(PRI) *

Querétaro Querétaro (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Querétaro ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Querétaro, links=no; Otomi language, Otomi: ''Hyodi Ndämxei''), is one of the Political divisions of Mexico, 32 federal entities of Mexico. I ...

: Enrique Burgos García (PRI) *

Quintana Roo Quintana Roo ( , ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Quintana Roo ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Quintana Roo), is one of the 31 states which, with Mexico City, constitute the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 11 mu ...

: Miguel Borge Martín (PRI) *

San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de San Luis Potosí), is one of the 32 states which compose the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 58 municipalities and i ...

Horacio Sánchez Unzueta The name Horacio is found sporadically throughout all Latinamerica. Historical Figures *Horacio Quiroga, an Uruguayan author and writer. *Horacio Carochi, an Italian Jesuit priest and grammarian *Horacio Pagani (auto executive) (born 1955), Argen ...

(PRI) *

Sinaloa Sinaloa (), officially the Estado Libre y Soberano de Sinaloa ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sinaloa), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is d ...

Francisco Labastida Francisco Labastida Ochoa (; born 14 August 1942) is a Mexican economist and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), who became the first presidential candidate of his party to lose a presidential election, which h ...

/ Renato Vega Alvarado (PRI) *

Sonora Sonora (), officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora ( en, Free and Sovereign State of Sonora), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the Administrative divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is d ...

: Manlio Fabio Beltrones Rivera (PRI) *

Tabasco Tabasco (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tabasco ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Tabasco), is one of the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 17 municipalities and its capital city is Villahermosa. It is located in ...

: Salvador Neme Castillo/

Manuel Gurría Ordóñez Manuel may refer to: People * Manuel (name) * Manuel (Fawlty Towers), a fictional character from the sitcom ''Fawlty Towers'' * Charlie Manuel, manager of the Philadelphia Phillies * Manuel I Komnenos, emperor of the Byzantine Empire * M ...

(PRI) *

Tamaulipas Tamaulipas (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tamaulipas ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Tamaulipas), is a state in the northeast region of Mexico; one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Federal Entiti ...

: Américo Villarreal Guerra/ Manuel Cavazos Lerma (PRI) *

Tlaxcala Tlaxcala (; , ; from nah, Tlaxcallān ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tlaxcala ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Tlaxcala), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 60 municipaliti ...

: Samuel Quiróz de la Vega/

José Antonio Álvarez Lima José Antonio Álvarez Lima (born May 3, 1942) is a Mexican politician and Senate of the Republic (Mexico), senator representing the state of Tlaxcala in the LXIV Legislature of the Mexican Congress. A member of the National Regeneration Movemen ...

(PRD) *

Veracruz Veracruz (), formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave), is one of the 31 states which, along with Me ...

Dante Delgado Rannauro Dante Alfonso Delgado Rannauro (born 23 December 1950) is a Mexican politician, lawyer, and diplomat who is the national coordinator and co-founder of the Citizens' Movement political party. He has served as Interim Governor of Veracruz, as A ...

/ Patricio Chirinos Calero (PRD) *

Yucatán Yucatán (, also , , ; yua, Yúukatan ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Yucatán,; yua, link=no, Xóot' Noj Lu'umil Yúukatan. is one of the 31 states which comprise the political divisions of Mexico, federal entities of Mexico. I ...

Dulce María Sauri Riancho Dulce María Sauri Riancho (born 1951 in Mérida, Yucatán) is a Mexican politician who was the first woman to serve as governor of Yucatán, from 1991 through 1994. She served as a congresswoman of the LXIV Legislature of the Mexican Congress, ...

(PRI) *

Zacatecas , image_map = Zacatecas in Mexico (location map scheme).svg , map_caption = State of Zacatecas within Mexico , coordinates = , coor_pinpoint = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type ...

: Pedro de Leon/

Arturo Romo Gutiérrez Arturo is a Spanish and Italian variant of the name Arthur. People *Arturo Álvarez (footballer, born 1985), American-born Salvadoran footballer * Arturo Álvarez (footballer, born 1959), Mexican footballer *Arthuro Henrique Bernhardt (b. 1982), Br ...

(PRI) * Regent of Mexico City:

Manuel Camacho Solís Víctor Manuel Camacho Solís (March 30, 1946 – June 5, 2015) was a Mexican politician who served in the cabinets of presidents Miguel de la Madrid and Carlos Salinas. Born in Mexico City to Manuel Camacho López and Luz Solís, he belonged t ...

Events

* January 16: Signing of the

Chapultepec Peace Accords The Chapultepec Peace Accords were a set of peace agreements signed on January 16, 1992, the day in which the Salvadoran Civil War ended. The treaty established peace between the Salvadoran government and the Farabundo Martí National Liberat ...

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...

. * April 22:

1992 Guadalajara explosions A series of ten explosions took place on April 22, 1992, in the downtown district of Analco Colonia Atlas in Guadalajara city, Jalisco state, Mexico. Numerous gasoline explosions in the sewer system and fires over four hours destroyed of str ...

. * July 8: The

José Luis Cuevas Museum The José Luis Cuevas Museum is located just off the Zócalo within the Historic center of Mexico City, in Mexico City, Mexico. The museum and Church of Santa Inés were built as parts of the Convent of Santa Inés (''Agnes of Rome'') complex. T ...

opens.

Awards

Belisario Domínguez Medal of Honor The Belisario Domínguez Medal of Honor (Spanish: ''Medalla de Honor "Belisario Domínguez" del Senado de la República'') is the highest award bestowed by the Mexican Senate. It forms part of the Mexican Honors System and is currently Mexico's ...

– Ramón G. Bonfil

Sport

* 1991–92 Mexican Primera División season. * 1991–92 Copa México. * 1992 Caribbean Series played at the Héctor Espino Baseball Stadium in

Hermosillo Hermosillo (), formerly called Pitic (as in ''Santísima Trinidad del Pitic'' and ''Presidio del Pitic''), is a city located in the center of the northwestern Mexican state of Sonora. It is the municipal seat of the Hermosillo Municipality, Her ...

. * Tigres del México win the

Mexican League The Mexican League (, ) is a professional baseball league based in Mexico and the oldest running professional league in the country. The league has 18 teams organized in two divisions, North and South. Teams play 114 games each season. Five te ...

. * 1992 Mexican Grand Prix. *

Mexico at the 1992 Winter Olympics Mexico competed at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France. Competitors The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games. Alpine skiing ;Men Men's combined ;Women Bobsleigh Cross-country skiing ;Men 1 S ...

. * Mexico at the 1992 Summer Olympics. * Mexico at the 1992 Summer Paralympics. * Monterrey La Raza is founded. * August 5: Tigrillos de Chetumal are founded.

Births

*February 2:

David Sánchez (boxer) David Sánchez Cantú (2 February 1992 – 19 May 2017) was a Mexican professional boxer. Sánchez won the WBA Interim Super Flyweight title by defeating Breilor Teran in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico on 24 May 2014. Sánchez made his profes ...

(d. 2017). *May 23: Ramiro Alejandro Celis,

bullfighter A bullfighter (or matador) is a performer in the activity of bullfighting. ''Torero'' () or ''toureiro'' (), both from Latin ''taurarius'', are the Spanish and Portuguese words for bullfighter and describe all the performers in the activit ...

(d. 2017). *

June 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa. * 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. * ...

: Germán Sánchez, diver. *July 8: Ariel Camacho, singer-songwriter (

Los Plebes del Rancho de Ariel Camacho Los Plebes del Rancho (in English, "The guys from the ranch"), are a Regional Mexican band, specializing in the Sierreño-Banda style. The group was founded in 2013 as Ariel Camacho y Los Plebes del Rancho, by Ariel Camacho and his friend Cé ...

), (d. February 25, 2015).

Deaths

*January 19:

Augusto Benedico Augusto Benedico (December 20, 1909 – January 19, 1992), born ''Augusto Pérez Lias'', was a Mexican actor of Spanish origin best known for his role as "Don Alberto Salvatierra" in the soap opera '' Los ricos también lloran'' and his role as "D ...

, Spanish-Mexican actor (''

Los ricos también lloran ''Los ricos también lloran'' ("The Rich Also Cry") is a popular telenovela produced in Mexico in 1979, starring Verónica Castro, Rogelio Guerra and Rocío Banquells. Castro also sang the theme ''Aprendí a Llorar'' ("I learned to cry"), a song ...

'') *

February 5 Events Pre-1600 * 62 – Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy. * 1576 – Henry of Navarre abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Religion. * 1597 – A group of early Japanese Christians ar ...

Sergio Méndez Arceo Sergio Méndez Arceo (28 October 1907 in Tlalpan – 5 February 1992 in Morelos) was a Mexican Roman Catholic bishop, activist and human rights supporter. A product of a wealthy family, Méndez Arceo's father was a successful lawyer and his un ...

, Roman Catholic bishop of

Cuernavaca Cuernavaca (; nci-IPA, Cuauhnāhuac, kʷawˈnaːwak "near the woods", ) is the capital and largest city of the state of Morelos in Mexico. The city is located around a 90-minute drive south of Mexico City using the Federal Highway 95D. The na ...

1953-1983 (b. 1907)

References

{{North America topic, 1992 in

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...