1978 Elections

1978 Cameroonian parliamentary election Parliamentary elections were held in Cameroon on 28 May 1978. The country was a one-party state at the time, with the Cameroonian National Union as the sole legal party. 2,618 candidates ran for a place on the CNU list, with 120 eventually winni ...

1978 Ghanaian governmental referendum A referendum on the system of government was held in Ghana on 30 March 1978. Background In December 1971 the government of Kofi Abrefa Busia drastically devalued the Ghanaian cedi, cedi. However, the authorities' inability to control the subseq ...

1978 Rwandan constitutional referendum A constitutional referendum was held in Rwanda on 17 December 1978. It followed the 1973 coup d'état by Juvénal Habyarimana and the dissolution of the former sole legal party, MDR-Parmehutu. The new constitution created a presidential repub ...

1978 Sierra Leonean constitutional referendum A constitutional referendum was held in Sierra Leone on 12 July 1978. The constitutional amendments were aimed at turning the country into a presidential one-party state, with the All People's Congress as the sole legal party. The new constitutio ...

1978 South West African legislative election Parliamentary elections were held in South West Africa between 4 and 8 December 1978. These first elections conducted under universal adult suffrage—all previous elections had been Whites-only—were won by the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance, wh ...

1978 Sudanese parliamentary election Parliamentary elections were held in Sudan between 2 and 11 February 1978. The People's Assembly had been increased from 250 to 304 seats, of which 274 were elected and 30 were appointed by President Gaafar Nimeiry.1978 Swazi general election General elections were held in Swaziland on 27 October 1978. The elections was held using the Tinkhundla system, in which voters elected 80 members (out of the 160 candidates) to an electoral college, who then selected 40 non-party candidates for ...

1978 Upper Voltan parliamentary election Parliamentary elections were held in Upper Volta on 30 April 1978. They followed a constitutional referendum the previous year, which came about as a result of the 1974 military coup. A total of 367 candidates contested the elections.

1978 Upper Voltan presidential election Presidential elections were held in the Republic of Upper Volta on 14 May 1978, with a second round on 28 May after no candidate won more than 50% in the first round. They were the country's first multi-party presidential elections, the previous e ...

1978 Malaysian general election A general election was held between Saturday, 8 July and Saturday, 22 July 1978 for members of the 5th Parliament of Malaysia.Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II'', p152 Voting t ...

1978 Philippine parliamentary election Events January * January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213. * January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd government). * January 6 – ...

1978 Philippine parliamentary sectoral election Events January * January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213. * January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd government). * January 6 � ...

1978 New South Wales state election A general election was held in the state of New South Wales, Australia, on Saturday 7 October 1978. The result was a landslide victory for the Labor Party under Neville Wran, popularly known as the "Wranslide." It is notable for being so suc ...

1978 Andorran political reform referendum A referendum on political reforms was held in Andorra on 16 January 1978.Andorra, 16 ...

1978 Austrian nuclear power referendum A referendum on the use of nuclear power was held in Austria on 5 November 1978. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p196 Voters were asked whether they approve a law allowing the peaceful use of nucle ...

1978 Belgian general election General elections were held in Belgium on 17 December 1978. The Christian People's Party emerged as the largest party, with 57 of the 212 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 29 of the 106 seats in the Senate. Voter turnout was 94.8%.No ...

Cardinal electors in Papal conclaves, August and October 1978 The papal conclaves of August 1978 and of October 1978 were respectively convened to elect a pope, the leader of the Catholic Church, to succeed Paul VI and John Paul I following their respective deaths on 6 August ...

1978 Icelandic parliamentary election Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 25 June 1978. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p962 The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Lower House of the Althing, winning 14 of ...

1978 Italian referendums A double referendum was held in Italy on 11 June 1978. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1048 Voters were asked whether they approved of the repealing of laws on political party financing and public ...

October 1978 Papal conclave The October 1978 papal conclave was triggered by the death of Pope John Paul I on 28 September 1978, just 33 days after his election on 26 August. The conclave to elect John Paul I's successor began on 14 October and ended two days later on 16 ...

August 1978 Papal conclave The August 1978 papal conclave, the first of the two conclaves held that year, was convoked after the death of Pope Paul VI on 6 August 1978 at Castel Gandolfo. After the cardinal electors assembled in Rome, they elected Cardinal Albino Luciani ...

October 1978 Papal conclave The October 1978 papal conclave was triggered by the death of Pope John Paul I on 28 September 1978, just 33 days after his election on 26 August. The conclave to elect John Paul I's successor began on 14 October and ended two days later on 16 ...

1978 French legislative election The French legislative elections took place on 12 and 19 March 1978 to elect the sixth National Assembly of the Fifth Republic. On 2 April 1974, President Georges Pompidou died. The non-Gaullist center-right leader Valéry Giscard d'Estaing ...

Hamburg (male), (female) en, Hamburger(s), Hamburgian(s) , timezone1 = Central (CET) , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = Central (CEST) , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal ...

Lower Saxony Lower Saxony (german: Niedersachsen ; nds, Neddersassen; stq, Läichsaksen) is a German state (') in northwestern Germany. It is the second-largest state by land area, with , and fourth-largest in population (8 million in 2021) among the 16 ...

Hesse Hesse (, , ) or Hessia (, ; german: Hessen ), officially the State of Hessen (german: links=no, Land Hessen), is a States of Germany, state in Germany. Its capital city is Wiesbaden, and the largest urban area is Frankfurt. Two other major histor ...

Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...

1978 Guatemalan general election General elections were held in Guatemala on 5 March 1978.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p323 No candidate received more than 50% of the vote in the presidential election, resulting in Fernando Rome ...

1978 Salvadoran legislative election Legislative elections were held in El Salvador on 12 March 1978.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p276 The elections were boycotted by all but one of the opposition parties,Webre, Stephen (1979) ''Jo ...

1978 Brantford municipal election The 1978 Brantford municipal election was held on November 13, 1978, to elect a mayor, councillors, and school trustees in Brantford, Ontario, Canada. Elections were also held in the rural and small-town communities surrounding the city. Charles ...

1978 New Brunswick general election The 1978 New Brunswick general election was held on October 23, 1978, to elect 58 members to the 49th New Brunswick Legislative Assembly, the governing house of the province of New Brunswick, Canada. Richard Hatfield's Progressive Conservative ...

1978 Ontario municipal elections All municipalities in the Canadian province of Ontario held elections on November 13, 1978, to elect mayors or reeves, councillors, school trustees, and (in some areas) public utilities commissioners. Some municipalities also held referendums on va ...

1978 Ottawa municipal election The city of Ottawa, Canada held municipal elections on November 13, 1978. Controller Marion Dewar becomes the second woman and first New Democratic Party (and to date, only) affiliated person to become mayor of Ottawa. She defeated former alderman ...

1978 Prince Edward Island general election The 1978 Prince Edward Island general election was held on April 24, 1978. The election was one of the closest on records, with the governing Liberals of Premier Alexander B. Campbell losing a number of seats to their Progressive Conservative riv ...

1978 Saskatchewan general election The 1978 Saskatchewan general election was held on October 18, 1978, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. The New Democratic government of Premier Allan Blakeney was returned for a third consecutive term with an increase ...

1978 Toronto municipal election The Toronto municipal election of 1978 held on Monday, November 13, 1978, was the first seriously contested mayoralty race in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, since David Crombie took office in the 1972 election. Crombie left municipal politics earlier ...

1978 Yukon general election The 1978 Yukon general election was held on November 20, 1978, was the first conventional legislative election in the history of Canada's Yukon Territory. Prior elections were held to elect representatives to the Yukon Territorial Council, a non-par ...

1978 United States Senate elections The 1978 United States Senate elections in the middle of Democratic President Jimmy Carter's term. Thirteen seats changed hands between parties, resulting in a net gain of three seats for the Republicans. Democrats nevertheless retained a 58&nd ...

1978 United States House of Representatives elections The 1978 United States House of Representatives elections was an election for the United States House of Representatives in 1978 which occurred in the middle of Democratic President Jimmy Carter's term, amidst an energy crisis and rapid inflation ...

1978 United States gubernatorial elections United States gubernatorial elections were held on November 7, 1978, in 36 states and two territories. The Republicans had a net gain of six seats, Democrats sustained a net loss of five seats, and there would be no governors of any other partie ...

1978 Cleveland mayoral recall election The 1978 Cleveland recall election determined whether or not the 53rd Mayor of Cleveland, Dennis Kucinich, would be removed from office. It was the first mayoral recall election in the city's history. Background On March 24, 1978, after an ong ...

1978 Washington, D.C. mayoral election On November 7, 1978, Washington, D.C., held the second Mayoral elections in Washington, D.C., election for its mayor as a result of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act. The primary election of the District of Columbia Democratic State Committ ...

1978 Arkansas gubernatorial election The 1978 Arkansas gubernatorial election, held on November 7, was the first time that future President Bill Clinton was elected Governor of Arkansas. Democratic primary At this time, one gubernatorial term was two years. Incumbent two-term ...

1978 California gubernatorial election The 1978 California gubernatorial election occurred on November 7, 1978. The Democratic incumbent, Jerry Brown, defeated the Republican nominee Attorney General Evelle J. Younger and independent candidate Ed Clark in a landslide. Primary ele ...

1978 Maine gubernatorial election The 1978 Maine gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Independent Governor James B. Longley had promised to not seek a second term when he was elected in 1974, and held true to his pledge. Former State Senator Joseph ...

1978 Minnesota gubernatorial election The 1978 Minnesota gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1978. Independent-Republican Party candidate Al Quie defeated Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party incumbent Rudy Perpich. Robert W. Johnson (Minnesota politician), Rober ...

1978 Oregon gubernatorial election The 1978 Oregon gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1978. In a rematch of the 1974 contest, Republican nominee Victor Atiyeh defeated Democratic incumbent Robert Straub to win the election. , this was the most recent Oregon guber ...

1978 South Carolina gubernatorial election The 1978 South Carolina gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1978 to select the governor of the state of South Carolina. Richard Riley, the Democratic nominee, defeated Republican Edward Lunn Young and became the 111th governor of So ...

1978 United States gubernatorial elections United States gubernatorial elections were held on November 7, 1978, in 36 states and two territories. The Republicans had a net gain of six seats, Democrats sustained a net loss of five seats, and there would be no governors of any other partie ...

1978 Arkansas gubernatorial election The 1978 Arkansas gubernatorial election, held on November 7, was the first time that future President Bill Clinton was elected Governor of Arkansas. Democratic primary At this time, one gubernatorial term was two years. Incumbent two-term ...

1978 California gubernatorial election The 1978 California gubernatorial election occurred on November 7, 1978. The Democratic incumbent, Jerry Brown, defeated the Republican nominee Attorney General Evelle J. Younger and independent candidate Ed Clark in a landslide. Primary ele ...

1978 California Proposition 13 Proposition 13 (officially named the People's Initiative to Limit Property Taxation) is an amendment of the Constitution of California enacted during 1978, by means of the initiative process. The initiative was approved by California voters on J ...

1978 Maine gubernatorial election The 1978 Maine gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Independent Governor James B. Longley had promised to not seek a second term when he was elected in 1974, and held true to his pledge. Former State Senator Joseph ...

1978 Minnesota gubernatorial election The 1978 Minnesota gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1978. Independent-Republican Party candidate Al Quie defeated Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party incumbent Rudy Perpich. Robert W. Johnson (Minnesota politician), Rober ...

1978 Oregon gubernatorial election The 1978 Oregon gubernatorial election took place on November 7, 1978. In a rematch of the 1974 contest, Republican nominee Victor Atiyeh defeated Democratic incumbent Robert Straub to win the election. , this was the most recent Oregon guber ...

1978 South Carolina gubernatorial election The 1978 South Carolina gubernatorial election was held on November 7, 1978 to select the governor of the state of South Carolina. Richard Riley, the Democratic nominee, defeated Republican Edward Lunn Young and became the 111th governor of So ...

1978 United States House of Representatives elections The 1978 United States House of Representatives elections was an election for the United States House of Representatives in 1978 which occurred in the middle of Democratic President Jimmy Carter's term, amidst an energy crisis and rapid inflation ...

1978 United States Senate elections The 1978 United States Senate elections in the middle of Democratic President Jimmy Carter's term. Thirteen seats changed hands between parties, resulting in a net gain of three seats for the Republicans. Democrats nevertheless retained a 58&nd ...

United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 1978 The United States Senate election of 1978 in Massachusetts was held on November 7, 1978, with the incumbent Republican Senator Edward Brooke being defeated by Democratic Congressman Paul Tsongas. Primary elections nominating Tsongas and Brook ...

United States Senate election in Mississippi, 1978 The 1978 United States Senate election in Mississippi was held on November 5, 1978. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator James Eastland decided to retire. Republican Thad Cochran won the open seat, becoming the first Republican to win a U.S. Sena ...

United States Senate election in North Carolina, 1978 The North Carolina United States Senate election of 1978 was held on November 7, 1978 as part of the nationwide elections to the Senate. The general election was between the Republican incumbent Jesse Helms and the Democratic nominee John In ...

1978 Washington, D.C. mayoral election On November 7, 1978, Washington, D.C., held the second Mayoral elections in Washington, D.C., election for its mayor as a result of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act. The primary election of the District of Columbia Democratic State Committ ...

1978 Cook Islands general election General elections were held in the Cook Islands on 30 March 1978 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly. The result was a victory for the Cook Islands Party (CIP) of Premier Albert Henry, which won 15 of the 22 seats. The Democratic Party ...

1978 New Zealand general election The 1978 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to elect the 39th New Zealand Parliament. It saw the governing National Party, led by Robert Muldoon, retain office, but the opposition Labour Party won the largest share of the vote ...

1978 Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands constitutional referendum A referendum on the proposed Constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia, constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia was held on 12 July 1978. It was approved in Chuuk State, Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei and Yap, who formed the Federation o ...

1978 Rangitikei by-election The Rangitikei by-election of 1978 was a by-election in the New Zealand electorate of Rangitikei, a predominantly rural district in the middle of New Zealand's North Island. The by-election occurred on 18 February 1978, and was precipitated by ...

1978 New South Wales state election A general election was held in the state of New South Wales, Australia, on Saturday 7 October 1978. The result was a landslide victory for the Labor Party under Neville Wran, popularly known as the "Wranslide." It is notable for being so suc ...

1978 Ecuadorian constitutional referendum A constitutional referendum was held in Ecuador on 15 January 1978.Ecuador ...

1978 Guyanese constitutional referendum A constitutional referendum was held in Guyana on 10 July 1978. The proposed change to Article 73 of the constitution would abolish the need for referendums to change the entrenched provisions of the constitution (including presidential powers, th ...

1978 Peruvian Constituent Assembly election Constituent Assembly elections were held in Peru on 18 June 1978.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II'', p454 The American Popular Revolutionary Alliance emerged as the largest party, winning 37 of the 100 ...

1978 Venezuelan presidential election General elections were held in Venezuela on 3 December 1978.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II'', p555 The presidential elections were won by Luis Herrera Campins of Copei, who received 46.6% of the vote. ...

1978 Events January * January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213. * January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...

Elections An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operate ...

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See also