This year is notable for
Apollo 11
Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the American spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC, a ...
's first landing on the moon.
Events
January
*
January 4
Events Pre-1600
*46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina.
* 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army.
1601–1900
*1649 – E ...
– The Government of
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = '' Plus ultra'' ( Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, ...
hands over
Ifni to
Morocco
Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria ...
.
*
January 5
Events Pre-1600
*1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France.
1601–1900
*1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French army ...
**
Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to London's
Gatwick Airport
Gatwick Airport (), also known as London Gatwick , is a major international airport near Crawley, West Sussex, England, south of Central London. In 2021, Gatwick was the third-busiest airport by total passenger traffic in the UK, after ...
, killing 50 of the 62 people on board and two of the home's occupants.
*
January 14
Events Pre-1600
*1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence.
* 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary.
1601–1900
* 1639 – The " Fundamental Orders", the first written ...
– An explosion aboard the aircraft carrier
USS ''Enterprise'' near
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only ...
kills 27 and injures 314.
*
January 19
Events Pre-1600
* 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
* 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender ...
– End of the siege of the
University of Tokyo
, abbreviated as or UTokyo, is a public research university located in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. Established in 1877, the university was the first Imperial University and is currently a Top Type university of the Top Global University Project by ...
, marking the beginning of the end for the
1968–69 Japanese university protests.
*
January 20
Events Pre-1600
* 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution.
* 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
*1156 &nda ...
–
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was t ...
is
sworn in
Traditionally an oath (from Anglo-Saxon ', also called plight) is either a statement of fact or a promise taken by a sacrality as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who conscientiously object to making sacred oaths is to giv ...
as the 37th President of the United States.
*
January 22
Events Pre-1600
* 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor ('' Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople.
* 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw ...
–
An assassination attempt is carried out on Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev by deserter Viktor Ilyin. One person is killed, several are injured.
Brezhnev escaped unharmed.
*
January 27
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent.
* 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to b ...
** Fourteen men, 9 of them
Jews
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""T ...
,
are executed in
Baghdad
Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesipho ...
for spying for
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
.
** Reverend
Ian Paisley
Ian Richard Kyle Paisley, Baron Bannside, (6 April 1926 – 12 September 2014) was a Northern Irish loyalist politician and Protestant religious leader who served as leader of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) from 1971 to 2008 and Firs ...
, Northern Irish Unionist leader and founder of the
Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster
:''Distinct from Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland and Free Church of Scotland (post 1900)''
The Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster ( ga, Eaglais Phreispitéireach Saor Uladh) is a Calvinist denomination founded by Ian Paisley in 1951. Doct ...
is jailed for three months for illegal assembly.
*
January 28
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany.
* 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession ...
–
1969 Santa Barbara oil spill
The Santa Barbara oil spill occurred in January and February 1969 in the Santa Barbara Channel, near the city of Santa Barbara in Southern California. It was the largest oil spill in United States waters by that time, and now ranks third afte ...
: A
blowout
Blowout or Blow out may refer to:
Film and television
*''Blow Out'', a 1981 film by Brian De Palma
* ''The Blow Out'', a 1936 short film
* ''Blow Out'' (TV series), a TV series on Bravo
* "Blow Out" (''Prison Break''), an episode of ''Prison ...
on
Union Oil
Union Oil Company of California, and its holding company Unocal Corporation, together known as Unocal was a major petroleum explorer and marketer in the late 19th century, through the 20th century, and into the early 21st century. It was headqu ...
's Platform A spills 80,000 to 100,000 barrels of crude oil into a channel and onto the beaches of
Santa Barbara County
Santa Barbara County, California, officially the County of Santa Barbara, is located in Southern California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 448,229. The county seat is Santa Barbara, and the largest city is Santa Maria.
Santa Barba ...
in
Southern California
Southern California (commonly shortened to SoCal) is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises the southern portion of the U.S. state of California. It includes the Los Angeles metropolitan area, the second most populous urban ...
; on February 5 the
oil spill
An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially the marine ecosystem, due to human activity, and is a form of pollution. The term is usually given to marine oil spills, where oil is released into ...
closes
Santa Barbara's harbor. The incident inspires
Wisconsin
Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...
Senator
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the e ...
Gaylord Nelson to organize the first
Earth Day in
1970.
February
*
February 4
Events Pre–1600
* 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrelling ...
– In
Cairo
Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo met ...
,
Yasser Arafat
Mohammed Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf al-Qudwa al-Husseini (4 / 24 August 1929 – 11 November 2004), popularly known as Yasser Arafat ( , ; ar, محمد ياسر عبد الرحمن عبد الرؤوف عرفات القدوة الحسيني, Mu ...
is elected
Palestine Liberation Organization
The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO; ar, منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية, ') is a Palestinian nationalist political and militant organization founded in 1964 with the initial purpose of establishing Arab unity and st ...
leader at the
Palestinian National Congress
The Palestinian National Council (PNC) ( ar, المجلس الوطني الفلسطيني, "'Almajlis Alwataniu Alfilastiniu"') is the legislative body of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and elects the PLO Executive Committee, which ...
.
*
February 8
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
*1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir.
*1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...
** The
Allende meteorite explodes over Mexico.
** After 147 years, the last weekly issue of ''
The Saturday Evening Post
''The Saturday Evening Post'' is an American magazine, currently published six times a year. It was issued weekly under this title from 1897 until 1963, then every two weeks until 1969. From the 1920s to the 1960s, it was one of the most widely ...
'' is published in the United States. (The magazine is later briefly resurrected as a monthly magazine.)
*
February 9
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
*1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland.
*1539 – The first recorded race is held ...
– The
Boeing 747
The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2022.
After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet times its size, ...
"jumbo jet" is flown for the first time, taking off from the Boeing airfield at
Everett, Washington
Everett is the county seat and largest city of Snohomish County, Washington, United States. It is north of Seattle and is one of the main cities in the metropolitan area and the Puget Sound region. Everett is the seventh-largest city in the ...
.
*
February 13
Events Pre-1600
* 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the '' Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome.
*1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th.
* 1462 – T ...
–
Front de libération du Québec
The (FLQ) was a Marxist–Leninist and Quebec separatist guerrilla group. Founded in the early 1960s with the aim of establishing an independent and socialist Quebec through violent means, the FLQ was considered a terrorist group by the Cana ...
(FLQ) terrorists bomb the
Montreal Stock Exchange.
*
February 14
Events Pre-1600
* 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt.
* 842 – Charles the Bald and Lo ...
–
Pope Paul VI
Pope Paul VI ( la, Paulus VI; it, Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, ; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his death in Augus ...
issues ''
Mysterii Paschalis
''Mysterii Paschalis'' is an apostolic letter issued '' motu proprio'' (that is, "of his own accord") by Pope Paul VI on 14 February 1969. It reorganized the liturgical year of the Roman Rite and revised the liturgical celebrations of Jesus ...
'', a ''
motu proprio
In law, ''motu proprio'' (Latin for "on his own impulse") describes an official act taken without a formal request from another party. Some jurisdictions use the term '' sua sponte'' for the same concept.
In Catholic canon law, it refers to a ...
'', deleting many names from the
Roman calendar of saints (including
Valentine
A valentine is a card or gift given on Valentine's Day, or one's sweetheart.
Valentine or Valentines may also refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Valentine (name), a given name and a surname, including a list of people and fictional char ...
, who was celebrated on this day).
*
February 17
Events Pre-1600
* 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau.
* 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons ...
–
Aquanaut Berry L. Cannon dies of
carbon dioxide poisoning
Hypercapnia (from the Greek ''hyper'' = "above" or "too much" and ''kapnos'' = " smoke"), also known as hypercarbia and CO2 retention, is a condition of abnormally elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood. Carbon dioxide is a gaseous p ...
while attempting to repair the
SEALAB III habitat off
San Clemente Island, California.
*
February 24
Events Pre-1600
* 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene Christianity, Nicene bishops with Arianism, Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica.
*1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of ...
– The
Mariner 6 Mars probe is launched from the United States.
March
*
March 2
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost cu ...
** In
Toulouse
Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger Regions of France, region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania. The city is on t ...
, France the first
Concorde
The Aérospatiale/BAC Concorde () is a retired Franco-British supersonic airliner jointly developed and manufactured by Sud Aviation (later Aérospatiale) and the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC).
Studies started in 1954, and France and t ...
test flight is conducted.
**
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
and Chinese forces clash at a border outpost on the
Ussuri River.
*
March 3
Events Pre-1600
* 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan.
*1575 & ...
**
Apollo program:
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.
NASA was established in 1958, succeedi ...
launches
Apollo 9
Apollo 9 (March 313, 1969) was the third human spaceflight in NASA's Apollo program. Flown in low Earth orbit, it was the second crewed Apollo mission that the United States launched via a Saturn V rocket, and was the first flight of the fu ...
(
James McDivitt,
Rusty Schweickart,
David Scott) to test the
lunar module
The Apollo Lunar Module (LM ), originally designated the Lunar Excursion Module (LEM), was the lunar lander spacecraft that was flown between lunar orbit and the Moon's surface during the United States' Apollo program. It was the first crewed ...
.
** In a
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the wor ...
court,
Sirhan Sirhan
Sirhan Bishara Sirhan (; ar, سرحان بشارة سرحان ''Sirḥān Bišāra Sirḥān'', born March 19, 1944) is a Palestinian Jordanian man who was convicted for the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy.
Kennedy, a United States Sen ...
admits that he killed presidential candidate
Robert F. Kennedy.
*
March 13
Events Pre-1600
*624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh.
* 1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War.
* 1591 – At the Battle of ...
–
Apollo program:
Apollo 9
Apollo 9 (March 313, 1969) was the third human spaceflight in NASA's Apollo program. Flown in low Earth orbit, it was the second crewed Apollo mission that the United States launched via a Saturn V rocket, and was the first flight of the fu ...
returns safely to Earth after testing the
Lunar Module
The Apollo Lunar Module (LM ), originally designated the Lunar Excursion Module (LEM), was the lunar lander spacecraft that was flown between lunar orbit and the Moon's surface during the United States' Apollo program. It was the first crewed ...
.
*
March 16
Events Pre-1600
* 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang.
*1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York.
*1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
–
Viasa Flight 742
Viasa Flight 742 was an international, scheduled passenger flight from Caracas, Venezuela to Miami International Airport with an intermediate stopover in Maracaibo, Venezuela that crashed on 16 March 1969. After taking off on the Maracaibo to Miam ...
crashes into a neighborhood in
Maracaibo
)
, motto = "''Muy noble y leal''"(English: "Very noble and loyal")
, anthem =
, image_map =
, mapsize =
, map_alt = ...
,
Venezuela
Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in ...
, shortly after taking off for
Miami
Miami ( ), officially the City of Miami, known as "the 305", "The Magic City", and "Gateway to the Americas", is a coastal metropolis and the county seat of Miami-Dade County in South Florida, United States. With a population of 442,241 at th ...
; all 84 people on board the DC-9 jet are killed along with 71 people on the ground.
*
March 17
Events Pre-1600
*45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
* 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age o ...
**
Golda Meir
Golda Meir, ; ar, جولدا مائير, Jūldā Māʾīr., group=nb (born Golda Mabovitch; 3 May 1898 – 8 December 1978) was an Israeli politician, teacher, and ''kibbutznikit'' who served as the fourth prime minister of Israel from 1969 to ...
becomes the first female prime minister of
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
.
** The
Longhope life-boat is lost after answering a mayday call during severe storms in the
Pentland Firth
The Pentland Firth ( gd, An Caol Arcach, meaning the Orcadian Strait) is a strait which separates the Orkney Islands from Caithness in the north of Scotland. Despite the name, it is not a firth.
Etymology
The name is presumed to be a corruption ...
between
Orkney
Orkney (; sco, Orkney; on, Orkneyjar; nrn, Orknøjar), also known as the Orkney Islands, is an archipelago in the Northern Isles of Scotland, situated off the north coast of the island of Great Britain. Orkney is 10 miles (16 km) nort ...
and the northern tip of Scotland; the entire crew of 8 die.
*
March 18
Events Pre-1600
* 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10.
*1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
– An
annular solar eclipse
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of the Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six month ...
is visible in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, and is the 49th solar eclipse of
Solar Saros 129
Saros cycle
The saros () is a period of exactly 223 synodic months, approximately 6585.3211 days, or 18 years, 10, 11, or 12 days (depending on the number of leap years), and 8 hours, that can be used to predict eclipses of the Sun and Moon. On ...
.
*
March 20
**One hundred of the 105 passengers and crew on a
United Arab Airlines flight, most of them Muslim pilgrims returning to Aswan from Mecca, are killed when the Ilyushin-18 turboprop crashes during a sandstorm.
**
John Lennon
John Winston Ono Lennon (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of ...
and
Yoko Ono
Yoko Ono ( ; ja, 小野 洋子, Ono Yōko, usually spelled in katakana ; born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese multimedia artist, singer, songwriter, and peace activist. Her work also encompasses performance art and filmmaking.
Ono grew up i ...
are married at
Gibraltar, and proceed to their honeymoon "
Bed-In" for peace in
Amsterdam
Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...
.
*
March 22
Events Pre-1600
*106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea.
* 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century.
* 871 – Æthelr ...
**UCLA wins its third consecutive
NCAA basketball championship by defeating Purdue University, 92 to 72.
**The landmark art exhibition ''When Attitudes become Form'', curated by
Harald Szeemann, opens at the
Kunsthalle Bern in Bern, Switzerland.
*
March 28
Events Pre-1600
* AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate.
* 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
–
Pope Paul VI
Pope Paul VI ( la, Paulus VI; it, Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, ; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his death in Augus ...
increases the number of Roman Catholic cardinals by one-third, from 101 to 134.
*
March 29
Events Pre-1600
* 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
*1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– The
Eurovision Song Contest 1969
The Eurovision Song Contest 1969 was the 14th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Madrid, Spain, following the country's victory at the with the song " La, la, la" by Massiel. Organised by the European Broadcasting ...
is held in Madrid, and results in four co-winners, with 18 votes each, from Spain, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and France.
*
March 30 – The body of former United States General and President
Dwight D. Eisenhower is brought by caisson to the
United States Capitol
The United States Capitol, often called The Capitol or the Capitol Building, is the Seat of government, seat of the Legislature, legislative branch of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government, which is form ...
to lie in state in the Capitol Rotunda; Eisenhower had died two days earlier, after a long illness, in the
Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
*
March 31
Events Pre-1600
* 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian.
*1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the nec ...
– The
Barroterán coal mine disaster kills 153 coal miners in
Mexico
Mexico ( Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guate ...
.
April
*
April 4
Events Pre-1600
*503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines.
* 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground.
* 611 – ...
– Dr.
Denton Cooley implants the first temporary
artificial heart
An artificial heart is a device that replaces the heart. Artificial hearts are typically used to bridge the time to heart transplantation, or to permanently replace the heart in the case that a heart transplant (from a deceased human or, exper ...
.
*
April 8 – The
Montreal Expos
The Montreal Expos (french: link=no, Les Expos de Montréal) were a Canadian professional baseball team based in Montreal, Montreal, Quebec. The Expos were the first Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise located outside the United States. They p ...
become
Major League Baseball
Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL) ...
's first team outside the United States.
*
April 9
Events Pre-1600
* 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum.
* 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, su ...
– Fermín Monasterio Pérez is murdered by the
ETA
Eta (uppercase , lowercase ; grc, ἦτα ''ē̂ta'' or ell, ήτα ''ita'' ) is the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the close front unrounded vowel . Originally denoting the voiceless glottal fricative in most dialects, ...
in
Biscay
Biscay (; eu, Bizkaia ; es, Vizcaya ) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay. The capital and largest city is Bilbao.
...
,
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = '' Plus ultra'' ( Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, ...
; the 4th victim in the name of
Basque nationalism
Basque nationalism ( eu, eusko abertzaletasuna ; es, nacionalismo vasco; french: nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the pol ...
.
*
April 13 –
Queensland
)
, nickname = Sunshine State
, image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = Australia
, established_title = Before federation
, established_ ...
: The
Brisbane Tramways end service after 84 years of operation.
*
April 15
Events Pre-1600
* 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings.
*1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
– The
EC-121 shootdown incident:
North Korea
North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and ...
shoots down the aircraft over the
Sea of Japan
The Sea of Japan is the marginal sea between the Japanese archipelago, Sakhalin, the Korean Peninsula, and the mainland of the Russian Far East. The Japanese archipelago separates the sea from the Pacific Ocean. Like the Mediterranean Sea, it h ...
, killing all 31 on board.
*
April 17
Events Pre-1600
* 1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized.
*1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of H ...
–
Sirhan Bishara Sirhan is found guilty of the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy.
*
April 20
Events Pre-1600
* 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII.
1601–1900
*1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament.
*1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroy ...
– British troops arrive in
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label=Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. North ...
to reinforce the
Royal Ulster Constabulary
The Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) was the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001. It was founded on 1 June 1922 as a successor to the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) Richard Doherty, ''The Thin Green Line – The History of the Roy ...
.
*
April 22 –
Robin Knox-Johnston becomes the first person to sail around the world solo without stopping.
*
April 28
Events Pre-1600
* 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V effectively ending the Parthian Empire.
* 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory ov ...
–
Charles de Gaulle steps down as president of
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...
after suffering defeat in a
referendum the day before.
May
*
May 4
Events Pre-1600
*1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''.
*1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus are ...
**
Zakir Husain, President of India, dies due to a heart attack.
** In a repeat of the previous season's hockey finals, the
Montreal Canadiens
The Montreal CanadiensEven in English, the French spelling is always used instead of ''Canadians''. The French spelling of ''Montréal'' is also sometimes used in the English media. (french: link=no, Les Canadiens de Montréal), officially ...
defeat the
St. Louis Blues four games to none to win the
Stanley Cup.
*
May 10
Events Pre-1600
* 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China.
*1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of E ...
– The Battle of Dong Ap Bia, also known as
Hamburger Hill, begins during the
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
.
*
May 13 –
May 13 Incident:
Race riots occur in
Kuala Lumpur
, anthem = ''Maju dan Sejahtera''
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, pushpin_map = Malaysia#Southeast Asia#Asia
, pushpin_map_caption =
, coordinates =
, sub ...
,
Malaysia
Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
.
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
* 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
*1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and fo ...
– Colonel
Muammar Gaddafi
Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi, . Due to the lack of standardization of transcribing written and regionally pronounced Arabic, Gaddafi's name has been romanized in various ways. A 1986 column by '' The Straight Dope'' lists 32 spelli ...
visits Mecca,
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the List of Asian countries by area, fifth-largest country in Asia ...
.
*
May 15
Events Pre-1600
* 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty.
* 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arb ...
– An
American teenager known as '
Robert R.
Robert Lee Rayford (February 3, 1953 – May 15 1969), sometimes identified as Robert R. due to his age, was an American teenager from Missouri who has been suggested to represent the earliest confirmed case of HIV/AIDS in North America based ...
' dies in
St. Louis, Missouri, of a baffling medical condition. In 1984 it will be identified as the earliest confirmed case of
HIV/AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a retrovirus. Following initial infection an individual ...
in
North America.
*
May 16
Events Pre-1600
* 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan.
*1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
*1364 ...
–
Venera program
The Venera (, , which means "Venus" in Russian) program was the name given to a series of space probes developed by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1984 to gather information about the planet Venus. Ten probes successfully landed on the s ...
:
Soviet
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
space probe
Venera 5 lands on
Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is sometimes called Earth's "sister" or "twin" planet as it is almost as large and has a similar composition. As an interior planet to Earth, Venus (like Mercury) appears in Earth's sky never f ...
.
*
May 17
Events Pre-1600
* 1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army.
*1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason.
*1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explore F ...
– Venera program: Soviet space probe
Venera 6 begins to descend into
Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is sometimes called Earth's "sister" or "twin" planet as it is almost as large and has a similar composition. As an interior planet to Earth, Venus (like Mercury) appears in Earth's sky never f ...
's atmosphere, sending back atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure.
*
May 18 –
Apollo program:
Apollo 10
Apollo 10 (May 18–26, 1969) was a human spaceflight, the fourth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, and the second (after Apollo8) to orbit the Moon. NASA described it as a "dress rehearsal" for the first Moon landing, an ...
(
Gene Cernan,
Tom Stafford,
John Young) is launched. It is to be a full rehearsal for the
Moon
The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width ...
landing, stopping 15 kilometers short of actually reaching the lunar surface.
*
May 20
Events Pre-1600
* 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church.
* 491 – Empress Ariadne (empress), Ariadne marries Anastasius I Dicorus, Anastasius I. The widow ...
–
United States National Guard
The National Guard is a state-based military force that becomes part of the reserve components of the United States Army and the United States Air Force when activated for federal missions.[California
California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the ...]
.
*
May 21 – ''
Rosariazo'': Civil unrest breaks out in
Rosario, Argentina, following the death of a 15-year-old student.
*
May 22
Events Pre-1600
* 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu.
* 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt.
...
– Apollo program:
Apollo 10
Apollo 10 (May 18–26, 1969) was a human spaceflight, the fourth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, and the second (after Apollo8) to orbit the Moon. NASA described it as a "dress rehearsal" for the first Moon landing, an ...
's lunar module flies to within 15,400 m of the
Moon
The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width ...
's surface.
*
May 26
** The
Andean Pact
The Andean Community ( es, Comunidad Andina, CAN) is a free trade area with the objective of creating a customs union comprising the South American countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. The trade bloc was called the Andean Pact un ...
(Andean Group) is established.
** Apollo program:
Apollo 10
Apollo 10 (May 18–26, 1969) was a human spaceflight, the fourth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, and the second (after Apollo8) to orbit the Moon. NASA described it as a "dress rehearsal" for the first Moon landing, an ...
returns to
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's surf ...
, after a successful 8-day test of all the components needed for the upcoming first manned
Moon
The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width ...
landing.
*
May 26–
June 2 –
John Lennon
John Winston Ono Lennon (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of ...
and
Yoko Ono
Yoko Ono ( ; ja, 小野 洋子, Ono Yōko, usually spelled in katakana ; born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese multimedia artist, singer, songwriter, and peace activist. Her work also encompasses performance art and filmmaking.
Ono grew up i ...
conduct their second
Bed-In. The follow-up to the Amsterdam event is held at the
Queen Elizabeth Hotel in
Montreal
Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the second-most populous city in Canada and most populous city in the Canadian province of Quebec. Founded in 1642 as '' Ville-Marie'', or "City of Mary", it is named after Mount Royal, the triple- ...
,
Quebec
Quebec ( ; )According to the Government of Canada, Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is ...
. Lennon composes and records the song "
Give Peace a Chance" during the event.
*
May 29
Events Pre-1600
* 363 – The Roman emperor Julian defeats the Sasanian army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sasanian capital, but is unable to take the city.
*1108 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid troops under ...
– ''
Cordobazo'': A general strike and civil unrest break out in
Córdoba, Argentina
Córdoba () is a city in central Argentina, in the foothills of the Punilla Valley, Sierras Chicas on the Primero River, Suquía River, about northwest of Buenos Aires. It is the capital of Córdoba Province, Argentina, Córdoba Province a ...
.
*
May 30
Events Pre-1600
* 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometres ...
–
Riots in
Curaçao
Curaçao ( ; ; pap, Kòrsou, ), officially the Country of Curaçao ( nl, Land Curaçao; pap, Pais Kòrsou), is a Lesser Antilles island country in the southern Caribbean Sea and the Dutch Caribbean region, about north of the Venezuela coas ...
mark the start of an Afro-Caribbean
civil rights
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and political life ...
movement on the island.
June
*
June 3 – While operating at sea on SEATO maneuvers, the Australian aircraft carrier
HMAS ''Melbourne'' accidentally rams and slices into the American destroyer
USS ''Frank E. Evans'' in the South China Sea, killing 74 American seamen.
*
June 5
Events Pre-1600
* 1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights.
*1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles of Salerno.
*1288 ...
– An
international communist conference begins in
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
.
*
June 8 –
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco Bahamonde (; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 19 ...
orders the closing of the
Gibraltar–Spain border and communications between
Gibraltar and Spain in response to the
1967
Events
January
* January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair.
* January 5
** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establ ...
Gibraltar sovereignty referendum. The border remains closed until a partial reopening on December 15,
1982
Events January
* January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00).
* January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street Bridge in Washington, D.C., Un ...
.
*
June 8 – U.S. President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was t ...
and
South Vietnamese President
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu meet at
Midway Island
Midway Atoll (colloquial: Midway Islands; haw, Kauihelani, translation=the backbone of heaven; haw, Pihemanu, translation=the loud din of birds, label=none) is a atoll in the North Pacific Ocean. Midway Atoll is an insular area of the Unit ...
. Nixon announces that 25,000 U.S. troops will be withdrawn by September.
*
June 15 –
Georges Pompidou
Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou ( , ; 5 July 19112 April 1974) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1969 until his death in 1974. He previously was Prime Minister of France of President Charles de Gaulle from 1962 to 19 ...
is elected President of France.
*
June 17 – After a 23-game match,
Boris Spassky
Boris Vasilievich Spassky ( rus, Бори́с Васи́льевич Спа́сский, Borís Vasíl'yevich Spásskiy; born January 30, 1937) is a Russian chess grandmaster who was the tenth World Chess Champion, holding the title from 196 ...
defeats
Tigran Petrosian
Tigran Vartanovich Petrosian (, ; 17 June 1929 – 13 August 1984) was a Soviet-Armenian chess grandmaster, and World Chess Champion from 1963 to 1969. He was nicknamed "Iron Tigran" due to his almost-impenetrable defensive playing style, ...
to become the World Chess Champion in Moscow.
*
June 24 – The
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
and
Rhodesia
Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' Succession of states, successor state to th ...
sever diplomatic relations, after the
Rhodesian constitutional referendum.
*
June 27 – Gay intercourse is officially legalized in Canada.
*
June 28 – The
Stonewall riots
The Stonewall riots (also known as the Stonewall uprising, Stonewall rebellion, or simply Stonewall) were a series of spontaneous protests by members of the LGBT community#Terminology, gay community in response to a police raid that began in t ...
, a milestone in the modern
gay rights movement in the United States, began in
New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the U ...
.
July
*
July 7 – French is made equal to English throughout the Canadian national government.
*
July 8 –
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: The very first U.S. troop withdrawals are made.
*
July 14
**
Football War: After
Honduras loses an association football match against
El Salvador
El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by ...
, rioting breaks out in Honduras against Salvadoran migrant workers. Of the 300,000 Salvadoran workers in Honduras, tens of thousands are expelled, prompting a brief Salvadoran invasion of Honduras. The
OAS works out a cease-fire on
July 18, which takes effect on
July 20.
** The
Act of Free Choice for
West Irian commences in
Merauke,
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
.
*
July 16 –
Apollo program:
Apollo 11
Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the American spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC, a ...
(
Buzz Aldrin
Buzz Aldrin (; born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.; January 20, 1930) is an American former astronaut, engineer and fighter pilot. He made three spacewalks as pilot of the 1966 Gemini 12 mission. As the Lunar Module ''Eagle'' pilot on the 1969 ...
,
Neil Armstrong
Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who became the first person to walk on the Moon in 1969. He was also a naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor.
...
,
Michael Collins) lifts off from
Cape Kennedy
, image = cape canaveral.jpg
, image_size = 300
, caption = View of Cape Canaveral from space in 1991
, map = Florida#USA
, map_width = 300
, type =Cape
, map_caption = Location in Florida
, location ...
in Florida towards the first manned landing on the
Moon
The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width ...
.
*
July 19
Events Pre-1600
* AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
* 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
**
Chappaquiddick incident
The Chappaquiddick incident occurred on Chappaquiddick Island in Massachusetts some time around midnight between July 18 and 19, 1969, when Senator Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy negligently drove his car off a narrow bridge, causing it to overturn ...
: US Senator
Edward M. Kennedy
Edward Moore Kennedy (February 22, 1932 – August 25, 2009) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a United States senator from Massachusetts for almost 47 years, from 1962 until his death in 2009. A member of the Democratic ...
drives off a bridge into a tidal pond after leaving a party on
Chappaquiddick Island,
, killing
Mary Jo Kopechne
Mary Jo Kopechne (; July 26, 1940 – July 18 or 19, 1969) was an American secretary, and one of the campaign workers for U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy's 1968 presidential campaign, a close team known as the " Boiler Room Girls". In 1969, she ...
. Kennedy does not report the accident for nine or ten hours.
**
John Fairfax lands in
Hollywood Beach, Florida
Hollywood is a city in southern Broward County, Florida, United States, located between Fort Lauderdale and Miami. As of July 1, 2019, Hollywood had a population of 154,817. Founded in 1925, the city grew rapidly in the 1950s and 1960s, and is now ...
, United States and becomes the first person to row across an ocean solo, after 180 days spent at sea on board the 25' ocean rowboat ''Britannia'' (left
Gran Canaria on January 20, 1969).
*
July 20
**
Apollo program Moon landing
A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon. This includes both crewed and robotic missions. The first human-made object to touch the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2, on 13 September 1959.
The United S ...
: At 3:17 pm ET (20:17 UTC)
Apollo 11
Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the American spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC, a ...
's
Lunar Module ''Eagle'' lands on the Moon's surface. At 10:56 pm ET (02:56 UTC July 21), an estimated 650 million people worldwide, the largest television audience for a live broadcast at this time, watch in awe as
Neil Armstrong
Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who became the first person to walk on the Moon in 1969. He was also a naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor.
...
takes his first historic steps on the surface.
**
1969 Tour de France: Belgian
Eddy Merckx wins the cycle race for the first time.
*
July 22 – Spanish dictator and head of state
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco Bahamonde (; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 19 ...
appoints Prince
Juan Carlos to be his successor as head of state following his death.
*
July 24
Events Pre-1600
*1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
*1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade.
*1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of St ...
**
Apollo 11
Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the American spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC, a ...
returns from the first successful Moon landing and the astronauts are placed in biological isolation for several days in case they may have brought back lunar germs. The airless lunar environment is later determined to rule out microscopic life.
** The
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
returns British lecturer
Gerald Brooke
Gerald Brooke (born 1938 in Sheffield, England) was a British teacher who taught Russian in the early 1960s at Holborn College for Law, Languages and Commerce in Red Lion Square, Holborn, central London.
In 1965, during the Easter break, he tra ...
to the United Kingdom freed from a Soviet prison in exchange for their spies Peter and Helen Kroger (
Morris and
Lona Cohen).
*
July 26 – A
6.4 earthquake shakes the Chinese city of
Yangjiang destroying thousands of homes and killing 3,000 people.
*
July 30 –
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: U.S. President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was t ...
makes an unscheduled visit to
South Vietnam, meeting with President
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu and U.S. military commanders.
*
July 31
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
* 781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Tr ...
–
Pope Paul VI
Pope Paul VI ( la, Paulus VI; it, Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, ; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his death in Augus ...
arrives in
Entebbe,
Uganda
}), is a landlocked country in East Africa. The country is bordered to the east by Kenya, to the north by South Sudan, to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south-west by Rwanda, and to the south by Tanzania. The south ...
for the first visit by a reigning
Pope
The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Cathol ...
to
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
.
August
*
August 4 –
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: At the apartment of French intermediary Jean Sainteny in Paris, U.S. representative
Henry Kissinger
Henry Alfred Kissinger (; ; born Heinz Alfred Kissinger, May 27, 1923) is a German-born American politician, diplomat, and geopolitical consultant who served as United States Secretary of State and National Security Advisor under the preside ...
and North Vietnamese representative
Xuan Thuy begin secret peace negotiations. They eventually fail since the two sides cannot agree to any terms.
*
August 5 –
Mariner program:
Mariner 7
A sailor, seaman, mariner, or seafarer is a person who works aboard a watercraft as part of its crew, and may work in any one of a number of different fields that are related to the operation and maintenance of a ship.
The profession of the s ...
makes its closest fly-by of
Mars
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, only being larger than Mercury. In the English language, Mars is named for the Roman god of war. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmos ...
().
*
August 13 –
Serious border clashes occur between the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
and the People's Republic of China.
*
August 14
Events Pre-1600
* 74 BC – A group of officials, led by the Western Han minister Huo Guang, present articles of impeachment against the new emperor, Liu He, to the imperial regent, Empress Dowager Shangguan. The articles, enumerating t ...
–
The Troubles
The Troubles ( ga, Na Trioblóidí) were an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland that lasted about 30 years from the late 1960s to 1998. Also known internationally as the Northern Ireland conflict, it is sometimes described as an "i ...
: British troops are deployed in
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label=Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. North ...
to restore order following
three days of political and sectarian violence, marking the beginning of the 37-year
Operation Banner
Operation Banner was the operational name for the British Armed Forces' operation in Northern Ireland from 1969 to 2007, as part of the Troubles. It was the longest continuous deployment in British military history. The British Army was initial ...
.
*
August 15–
18 – The
Woodstock Festival
Woodstock Music and Art Fair, commonly referred to as Woodstock, was a music festival held during August 15–18, 1969, on Max Yasgur's dairy farm in Bethel, New York, United States, southwest of the town of Woodstock. Billed as "an Aquari ...
is held near
White Lake, New York, featuring some of the top rock musicians of the era.
*
August 17 – Category 5
Hurricane Camille
Hurricane Camille was the second most intense tropical cyclone on record to strike the United States, behind the 1935 Labor Day hurricane. The most intense storm of the 1969 Atlantic hurricane season, Camille originated as a tropical depression ...
hits the
Mississippi
Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Mis ...
coast, killing 248 people and causing US$1.5 billion in damage (1969 USD).
*
August 21
Events Pre-1600
* 959 – Eraclus becomes the 25th bishop of Liège.
*1140 – Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty general Wuzhu at the Battle of Yancheng during the Jin–Song Wars.
*1169 – B ...
** Australian
Denis Michael Rohan
Denis Michael Rohan (born 1 July 1941) is an Australian arsonist responsible for the Al-Aqsa mosque fire, which took place in Jerusalem on 21 August 1969.
His attack on Al-Aqsa Mosque, which began after he set fire to the Minbar of Saladin, ...
sets the
Al-Aqsa Mosque on fire.
** Strong violence on demonstration in
Prague
Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate ...
and
Brno, Czechoslovakia. Military force contra citizens.
Prague spring
The Prague Spring ( cs, Pražské jaro, sk, Pražská jar) was a period of political liberalization and mass protest in
the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. It began on 5 January 1968, when reformist Alexander Dubček was elected First Se ...
finally beaten.
*
August 29
Events Pre-1600
* 708 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).
* 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzanti ...
– A
Trans World Airlines
Trans World Airlines (TWA) was a major American airline which operated from 1930 until 2001. It was formed as Transcontinental & Western Air to operate a route from New York City to Los Angeles via St. Louis, Kansas City, and other stops, with F ...
flight from Rome to Tel Aviv is
hijacked and diverted to Syria.
September
*
September 1
**
1969 Libyan coup d'état
The 1969 Libyan coup d'état, also known as the al-Fateh Revolution or the 1 September Revolution, was carried out by the Free Unionist Officers Movement, a group of military officers led by Colonel Muammar Gaddafi, which led to the overthrow of ...
: A bloodless coup in
Libya
Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Su ...
ousts King
Idris Idris may refer to:
People
* Idris (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname
* Idris (prophet), Islamic prophet in the Qur'an, traditionally identified with Enoch, an ancestor of Noah in the Bible
* Idris G ...
and brings Colonel
Muammar Gaddafi
Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi, . Due to the lack of standardization of transcribing written and regionally pronounced Arabic, Gaddafi's name has been romanized in various ways. A 1986 column by '' The Straight Dope'' lists 32 spelli ...
to power.
** For Brazil, the
Jornal Nacional was created on Monday, 1 September 1969.
*
September 2
Events
Pre-1600
* 44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.
* 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his '' Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of th ...
–
Ho Chi Minh, the president of
North Vietnam
North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...
, dies at the age of 79.
*
September 5
Events Pre-1600
* 917 – Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu.
* 1367 – Swa Saw Ke becomes king of Ava
*1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Hen ...
– Lieutenant
William Calley is charged with six counts of premeditated murder for the
1968
The year was highlighted by Protests of 1968, protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide.
Events January–February
* January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechos ...
My Lai Massacre
My or MY may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* My (radio station), a Malaysian radio station
* Little My, a fictional character in the Moomins universe
* ''My'' (album), by Edyta Górniak
* ''My'' (EP), by Cho Mi-yeon
Business
* Marke ...
deaths of 109
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
ese civilians in
My Lai,
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
.
*
September 9 –
Allegheny Airlines Flight 853
Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 was a regularly scheduled Allegheny Airlines flight from Boston, Massachusetts, to St. Louis, Missouri, with stops in Baltimore, Maryland, Cincinnati, Ohio, and Indianapolis, Indiana. On September 9, 1969, the air ...
, a
DC-9 airliner, collides in flight with a small
Piper PA-28 airplane, and crashes near
Fairland, Indiana, killing all 83 people in both aircraft.
*
September 11 – An
annular solar eclipse
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring the view of the Sun from a small part of the Earth, totally or partially. Such an alignment occurs during an eclipse season, approximately every six month ...
is visible in Pacific Ocean and South America, and is the 41st solar eclipse of
Solar Saros 134.
*
September 22
Events Pre-1600
* 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government.
*1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of the ...
–
25 – An Islamic conference in
Rabat, Morocco, following the al-Aqsa Mosque fire (August 21), condemns the Israeli claim of ownership of
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
.
*
September 23
Events Pre-1600
* 38 – Drusilla, Caligula's sister who died in June, with whom the emperor is said to have an incestuous relationship, is deified.
* 1122 – Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat ...
– China carries out an
underground nuclear bomb test
Underground nuclear testing is the Nuclear weapons testing, test detonation of nuclear weapons that is performed underground. When the device being tested is buried at sufficient depth, the nuclear explosion may be contained, with no release of ...
.
*
September 25
Events Pre-1600
* 275 – For the last time, the Roman Senate chooses an emperor; they elect 75-year-old Marcus Claudius Tacitus.
* 762 – Led by Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, the Hasanid branch of the Alids begins the Alid Revolt a ...
– The
Organisation of the Islamic Conference is founded.
*
September 28
Events Pre-1600
*48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII.
* 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus o ...
–
1969 West German federal election
Federal elections were held in West Germany on 28 September 1969 to elect the members of the 6th Bundestag. The CDU/CSU remained the largest faction and the Social Democratic Party remained the largest single party in the Bundestag, winning 2 ...
: The
Social Democrats, led by Vice Chancellor
Willy Brandt
Willy Brandt (; born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and served as the chancellor of West Ge ...
, and the
Free Democrats led by
Walter Scheel, formed a coalition government with Brandt as Chancellor, after the Social Democrats severed their relationship with Chancellor
Kurt Georg Kiesinger
Kurt Georg Kiesinger (; 6 April 1904 – 9 March 1988) was a German politician who served as the chancellor of West Germany from 1 December 1966 to 21 October 1969. Before he became Chancellor he served as Minister President of Baden-Württember ...
's Christian Democratic Union.
October
*
October 1
** In
Sweden,
Olof Palme
Sven Olof Joachim Palme (; ; 30 January 1927 – 28 February 1986) was a Swedish politician and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Sweden from 1969 to 1976 and 1982 to 1986. Palme led the Swedish Social Democratic Party from 1969 until ...
is elected Leader of the Social Democratic Worker's Party, replacing
Tage Erlander as
Prime Minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...
on
October 14.
** The
Beijing Subway
The Beijing Subway is the rapid transit system of Beijing Municipality that consists of 25 lines including 20 rapid transit lines, two airport rail links, one maglev line and 2 light rail lines, and 463 stations. The rail network extends ac ...
begins operation.
*
October 2 – A 1.2
megaton thermonuclear device is tested at
Amchitka Island,
Alaska
Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S ...
. This test is code-named Project Milrow, the 11th test of the
Operation Mandrel 1969–
1970 underground nuclear test series. This test is known as a "calibration shot" to test if the island is fit for larger underground nuclear detonations.
*
October 5 – ''
Sazae-san'' first airs on
Fuji Television
JOCX-DTV (channel 8), branded as and colloquially known as CX, is a Japanese television station based in Odaiba, Minato, Tokyo, Japan. Owned and operated by the it is the key station of the Fuji News Network (FNN) and the Fuji Network ...
.
*
October 9–
12 –
Days of Rage: In
Chicago
(''City in a Garden''); I Will
, image_map =
, map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago
, coordinates =
, coordinates_footnotes =
, subdivision_type = List of sovereign states, Count ...
, the
Illinois National Guard is called in to control demonstrations involving the radical
Weathermen, in connection with the "
Chicago Eight" Trial.
*
October 11 – The
Zodiac Killer shoots and kills taxi driver Paul Stine in the
Presidio Heights neighborhood of
San Francisco
San Francisco (; Spanish language, Spanish for "Francis of Assisi, Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the List of Ca ...
; this is the serial killer's last known murder.
*
October 11–
16 – The
New York Mets
The New York Mets are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of Queens. The Mets compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member of the National League (NL) East division. They are one of two major leagu ...
upset the
Baltimore Orioles
The Baltimore Orioles are an American professional baseball team based in Baltimore. The Orioles compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division. As one of the American League's eight charter ...
four games to one in the
World Series
The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada, contested since 1903 World Series, 1903 between the champion teams of the American League (AL) and the National League (NL). The ...
.
*
October 15
**
DZKB-TV Channel 9, the Philippines TV station, owned by Roberto S. Benedicto, is launched.
**
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: Hundreds of thousands of people take part in
Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam demonstrations across the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., federal district, five ma ...
.
*
October 17
Events Pre-1600
* 690 – Empress Wu Zetian establishes the Zhou Dynasty
The Zhou dynasty ( ; Old Chinese ( B&S): *''tiw'') was a royal dynasty of China that followed the Shang dynasty. Having lasted 789 years, the Zhou dynasty ...
– Willard S. Boyle and George Smith invent the
CCD at
Bell Laboratories (30 years later, this technology is widely used in digital cameras).
*
October 20 – Experimental research showing that
protons were composed of smaller particles, the first evidence of
quark
A quark () is a type of elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter. Quarks combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons, the components of atomic nuclei. All common ...
s, is published.
[
][
]
*
October 21
Events Pre-1600
*1096 – A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fights off the People's Crusade.
* 1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege o ...
**
Willy Brandt
Willy Brandt (; born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and served as the chancellor of West Ge ...
becomes Chancellor of
West Germany
West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 O ...
.
** General
Siad Barre comes to power in
Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitut ...
in a coup, 6 days after the assassination of President
Abdirashid Ali Shermarke.
*
October 25 –
1969 Australian federal election:
John Gorton's
Liberal/
Country
A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, whil ...
Coalition Government
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state.
In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government ...
is narrowly re-elected with a sharply reduced majority, defeating a resurgent
Labor Party led by
Gough Whitlam
Edward Gough Whitlam (11 July 191621 October 2014) was the 21st prime minister of Australia, serving from 1972 to 1975. The longest-serving federal leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) from 1967 to 1977, he was notable for being the he ...
.
Prime Minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...
Gorton survived a
leadership challenge by his deputy
William McMahon
Sir William McMahon (23 February 190831 March 1988) was an Australian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Australia, in office from 1971 to 1972 as leader of the Liberal Party. He was a government minister for over 21 years, ...
as well as
David Fairbairn in the immediate aftermath of the election.
*
October 29 – The first message is sent over
ARPANET
The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the first wide-area packet-switched network with distributed control and one of the first networks to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite. Both technologies became the technical foun ...
, the forerunner of the
internet
The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a ''internetworking, network of networks'' that consists ...
.
November
*
November 3] –
Süleyman Demirel
Süleyman Sami Demirel (; 1 November 1924 – 17 June 2015) was a Turkish politician, engineer, and statesman who served as the 9th President of Turkey from 1993 to 2000. He previously served as the Prime Minister of Turkey seven times between ...
of
AP forms the new government of Turkey (31st government).
*
November 14
Events Pre-1600 1601–1900
*1680 – German astronomer Gottfried Kirch discovers the Great Comet of 1680, the first comet to be discovered by telescope.
* 1770 – James Bruce discovers what he believes to be the source of the Nile ...
**
Apollo program:
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.
NASA was established in 1958, succeedi ...
launches
Apollo 12
Apollo 12 (November 14–24, 1969) was the sixth crewed flight in the United States Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. It was launched on November 14, 1969, by NASA from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Commander Charle ...
(
Pete Conrad,
Richard Gordon,
Alan Bean), the second manned mission to the
Moon
The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width ...
.
** The
SS United States, the last active
United States Lines passenger ship, is withdrawn from service.
*
November 15 –
Cold War: The
Soviet submarine K-19 collides with the American submarine
USS ''Gato'' in the
Barents Sea
The Barents Sea ( , also ; no, Barentshavet, ; russian: Баренцево море, Barentsevo More) is a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, located off the northern coasts of Norway and Russia and divided between Norwegian and Russian ter ...
.
*
November 17 –
Cold War: Negotiators from the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
and the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., federal district, five ma ...
meet in
Helsinki
Helsinki ( or ; ; sv, Helsingfors, ) is the Capital city, capital, primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Finland, most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it is the seat of the region of U ...
, to begin the
SALT I negotiations aimed at limiting the number of strategic weapons on both sides.
*
November 19
**
Apollo program:
Apollo 12
Apollo 12 (November 14–24, 1969) was the sixth crewed flight in the United States Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. It was launched on November 14, 1969, by NASA from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Commander Charle ...
astronauts
Charles Conrad and
Alan Bean land at
Oceanus Procellarum ("Ocean of Storms"), becoming the third and fourth humans to walk on the
Moon
The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width ...
.
** Professional footballer
Pelé
Edson Arantes do Nascimento (; born 23 October 1940), known as Pelé (), is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a forward. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time and labelled "the greatest" by FI ...
scores his 1,000th goal.
**
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: A Cleveland, Ohio newspaper, ''
The Plain Dealer
''The Plain Dealer'' is the major newspaper of Cleveland, Ohio, United States. In fall 2019, it ranked 23rd in U.S. newspaper circulation, a significant drop since March 2013, when its circulation ranked 17th daily and 15th on Sunday.
As of Ma ...
'', publishes explicit photographs of dead villagers from the
My Lai Massacre
My or MY may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* My (radio station), a Malaysian radio station
* Little My, a fictional character in the Moomins universe
* ''My'' (album), by Edyta Górniak
* ''My'' (EP), by Cho Mi-yeon
Business
* Marke ...
in
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making it ...
.
**
Richard Oakes returns with 90 followers to Alcatraz Island and begins a 19 month long occupation, lasting until June 1971.
*
November 21
Events Pre-1600
*164 BCE – Judas Maccabeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, rededicates the Temple in Jerusalem, an event is commemorated each year by the festival of Hanukkah. (25 Kislev 3597 in the Hebrew calendar.)
* 235 & ...
** U.S. President
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was t ...
and Japanese Premier
Eisaku Satō agree in Washington, D.C. to the return of
Okinawa
is a prefecture of Japan. Okinawa Prefecture is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan, has a population of 1,457,162 (as of 2 February 2020) and a geographic area of 2,281 km2 (880 sq mi).
Naha is the capital and largest city ...
to Japanese control in 1972. Under the terms of the agreement, the U.S. retains rights to military bases on the island, but they must be nuclear-free.
** The first
ARPANET
The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the first wide-area packet-switched network with distributed control and one of the first networks to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite. Both technologies became the technical foun ...
link is established (the progenitor of the global
Internet
The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a ''internetworking, network of networks'' that consists ...
).
*
November 24
Events Pre-1600
* 380 – Theodosius I makes his ''adventus'', or formal entry, into Constantinople.
*1190 – Conrad of Montferrat becomes King of Jerusalem upon his marriage to Isabella I of Jerusalem.
* 1221 – Genghis Khan d ...
–
Apollo program: The
Apollo 12
Apollo 12 (November 14–24, 1969) was the sixth crewed flight in the United States Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. It was launched on November 14, 1969, by NASA from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Commander Charle ...
spacecraft splashes down safely in the
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the contine ...
, ending the second manned mission to the Moon.
December
*
December 1
Events Pre-1600
* 800 – A council is convened in the Vatican, at which Charlemagne is to judge the accusations against Pope Leo III.
*1420 – Henry V of England enters Paris alongside his father-in-law King Charles VI of France.
...
–
Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...
: The first
draft lottery in the United States since World War II is held.
September 14 is the first of the 366 days of the year selected, meaning that anyone born on September 14 in the years from 1944 to 1951 would be the first to be summoned. On January 4, 1970, ''
The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' will run a long article, "Statisticians Charge Draft Lottery Was Not Random".
*
December 2 – The
Boeing 747
The Boeing 747 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2022.
After introducing the 707 in October 1958, Pan Am wanted a jet times its size, ...
jumbo jet makes its first passenger flight. It carries 191 people, most of them reporters and photographers, from
Seattle
Seattle ( ) is a port, seaport city on the West Coast of the United States. It is the county seat, seat of King County, Washington, King County, Washington (state), Washington. With a 2020 population of 737,015, it is the largest city in bo ...
to New York City.
*
December 12 – The
Piazza Fontana bombing in
Milan
Milan ( , , Lombard language, Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the List of cities in Italy, second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4  ...
, Italy, kills 17 people and injures 88.
*
December 24
Events Pre-1600
* 502 – Chinese emperor Xiao Yan names Xiao Tong his heir designate.
* 640 – Pope John IV is elected, several months after his predecessor's death.
* 759 – Tang dynasty poet Du Fu departs for Chengdu, ...
**
Charles Manson
Charles Milles Manson (; November 12, 1934November 19, 2017) was an American criminal and musician who led the Manson Family, a cult based in California, in the late 1960s. Some of the members committed a series of nine murders at four loca ...
is allowed to defend himself at the Tate-LaBianca murder trial.
** The oil company
Phillips Petroleum
Phillips Petroleum Company was an American oil company incorporated in 1917 that expanded into petroleum refining, marketing and transportation, natural gas gathering and the chemicals sectors. It was Phillips Petroleum that first found oil in th ...
made the first
oil discovery in the Norwegian sector of
North Sea
The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium. An epeiric sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian S ...
.
** Nigerian troops capture
Umuahia. The last
Biafra
Biafra, officially the Republic of Biafra, was a partially recognised secessionist state in West Africa that declared independence from Nigeria and existed from 1967 until 1970. Its territory consisted of the predominantly Igbo-populated for ...
n capital before its dissolution becomes
Owerri.
*
December 27 – The
Liberal Democratic Party wins 47.6% of the votes in the
1969 Japanese general election
General elections were held in Japan on 27 December 1969. The result was a victory for the Liberal Democratic Party, which won 288 of the 486 seats. Voter turnout was 68.51%, the lowest since 1947. This was the first general election in Japanese ...
. Future prime ministers
Yoshirō Mori and
Tsutomu Hata and future kingmaker
Ichirō Ozawa are elected for the first time.
Date unknown
* Summer – Invention of
Unix
Unix (; trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, whose development started in 1969 at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, a ...
under the potential name "Unics" (after
Multics
Multics ("Multiplexed Information and Computing Service") is an influential early time-sharing operating system based on the concept of a single-level memory.Dennis M. Ritchie, "The Evolution of the Unix Time-sharing System", Communications of ...
).
* Common
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
n,
Malagasy and
Mauritian Organization (OCAMM) (Organisation Commune Africaine Malgache et Mauricienne) is established.
*
International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, a maritime treaty, is adopted.
Births
January
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. ...
–
Verne Troyer, American actor (d.
2018)
*
January 2
**
Robby Gordon
Robert Wesley Gordon (born January 2, 1969) is an American auto racing driver. He has raced in NASCAR, CART, the IndyCar Series, the Trans-Am Series, IMSA, IROC and the Dakar Rally. He is active in top-tier off road motorsports such as BITD ...
, American racing driver
**
Tommy Morrison
Tommy "The Duke" Morrison (January 2, 1969 – September 1, 2013) was an American professional boxer who competed from 1988 to 2008, and held the WBO heavyweight title in 1993. He retired from boxing in 1996 when he tested positive for HIV. Morr ...
, American boxer (d.
2013
File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment ...
)
**
Christy Turlington, American fashion model
*
January 3 –
Michael Schumacher, German seven-time
Formula One
Formula One (also known as Formula 1 or F1) is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The World Drivers' Championship ...
world champion
*
January 5
Events Pre-1600
*1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France.
1601–1900
*1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French army ...
–
Marilyn Manson
Brian Hugh Warner (born January 5, 1969), known professionally as Marilyn Manson, is an American rock musician. He came to prominence as the lead singer of the band which shares his name, of which he remains the only constant member since it ...
, American rock musician
*
January 6
Events Pre-1600
* 1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will ...
–
Norman Reedus, American actor
*
January 7 –
Alfredo Romero, Venezuelan activist
*
January 11
Events Pre-1600
* 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople: A quarrel between supporters of different chariot teams—the Blues and the Greens—in the Hippodrome escalates into violence.
* 630 – Conquest of Mecca: The prophet Muham ...
*
Kyōko Hikami, Japanese voice actress
*
Kyle Richards, American actress
*
January 13
Events Pre-1600
*27 BC – Octavian transfers the state to the free disposal of the Roman Senate and the people. He receives Spain, Gaul, and Syria as his province for ten years.
* 532 – The Nika riots break out, during the racin ...
**
Beatriz Gutiérrez Müller, Mexican writer, wife of
Andrés Manuel López Obrador
Andrés Manuel López Obrador (; born 13 November 1953), also known by his initials AMLO, is a Mexican politician who has been serving as the 65th president of Mexico since 1 December 2018. He previously served as Head of Government of Mex ...
**
Stephen Hendry, British snooker player
*
January 14
Events Pre-1600
*1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence.
* 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary.
1601–1900
* 1639 – The " Fundamental Orders", the first written ...
**
Jason Bateman, American actor, director and producer
**
Dave Grohl, American rock drummer and composer
*
January 15 –
Meret Becker, German actress and musician
*
January 16 –
Dead, Swedish vocalist (d.
1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...
)
*
January 17
Events Pre-1600
*38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey.
*1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people o ...
–
Lukas Moodysson, Swedish film director
*
January 27
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent.
* 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to b ...
**
Cornelius, Japanese rock musician, singer and producer
**
Patton Oswalt, American stand-up comedian, writer, actor and voice artist
*
January 28
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany.
* 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession ...
–
Kathryn Morris, American actress
*
January 29
Events
Pre-1600
* 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher.
* 946 – Caliph Al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Emir Mu'izz al-Dawla, ru ...
–
Hyde, Japanese rock musician, singer and guitarist
February
*
February 1
**
Gabriel Batistuta
Gabriel Omar Batistuta (; born 1 February 1969) is an Argentine former professional footballer. During his playing career, Batistuta was nicknamed Batigol () as well as El Ángel Gabriel (; Spanish for ''Angel Gabriel''). Regarded as one of the ...
, Argentine footballer
**
Andrew Breitbart, American writer and publisher (d.
2012
File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
)
*
February 2 –
Dambisa Moyo, Zambian-born economist
*
February 3
Events Pre-1600
*1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.
* 1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
*1488 – ...
–
Retief Goosen, South African golfer
*
February 5
Events Pre-1600
*AD 62, 62 – AD 62 Pompeii earthquake, Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy.
*1576 – Henry IV of France, Henry of Navarre :wikt:abjure, abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Re ...
**
Bobby Brown, African-American singer
**
Michael Sheen
Michael Christopher Sheen OBE (born 5 February 1969) is a Welsh actor, television producer and political activist. After training at London's Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA), he worked mainly in theatre throughout the 1990s with stage rol ...
, Welsh actor
*
February 6 –
David Hayter, Canadian-American actor, voice actor, screenwriter, director, and producer
*
February 7
Events Pre-1600
* 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor.
* 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II.
* 1301 &nda ...
–
Andrew Micallef
Andrew Micallef (born 7 February 1969) is a Maltese painter and musician. He is known for his highly detailed paintings of Maltese flora and fauna, landscapes, seascapes and architecture. He has held numerous solo exhibitions, and has also illu ...
, Maltese painter and musician
*
February 11
Events Pre-1600
*660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.
* 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
–
Jennifer Aniston
Jennifer Joanna Aniston (born February 11, 1969) is an American actress and film producer. She is the recipient of various accolades, including a Primetime Emmy Award, a Golden Globe Award and two Screen Actors Guild Awards. Since her career ...
, American actress, director, producer and businesswoman
*
February 12
Events Pre-1600
*1404 – The Italian professor Galeazzo di Santa Sophie performed the first post-mortem autopsy for the purposes of teaching and demonstration at the Heiligen–Geist Spital in Vienna.
*1429 – English forces under ...
**
Darren Aronofsky
Darren Aronofsky (born February 12, 1969) is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter. His films are noted for their surrealistic, melodramatic, and sometimes disturbing elements, often in the form of psychological fiction.
Arono ...
, American filmmaker
**
Hong Myung-bo, South Korean footballer
** Brad Werenka, Canadian ice-hockey player
*
February 13
Events Pre-1600
* 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the '' Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome.
*1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th.
* 1462 – T ...
** Ahlam (singer), Ahlam, Arabic singer
** JB Blanc, French voice actor
*
February 14
Events Pre-1600
* 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt.
* 842 – Charles the Bald and Lo ...
– Nurserik Kudereev, Russian civil servant
* February 15
** Roberto Balado, Cuban boxer (d. 1994)
** Birdman (rapper), Birdman, American rapper, entertainer, and record producer
* February 20 – Gedo (wrestler), Keiji Takayama, Japanese professional wrestler
* February 21
** James Dean Bradfield, Welsh singer-songwriter
** Bosson, Swedish singer-songwriter
** Petra Kronberger, Austrian alpine skier
* February 23
** Michael Campbell, New Zealand golfer
** Marc Wauters, Belgian cyclist
* February 28 – Robert Sean Leonard, American actor
March
* March 1 – Javier Bardem, Spanish actor
* March 4
** Annie Yi, Annie Shizuka Inoh, Taiwanese actress
** Patrick Roach, Canadian actor
* March 10 – Paget Brewster, American actress
* March 11
** Terrence Howard, American actor and singer
** Soraya (musician), Soraya, Colombian singer and multi-instrumentalist (d. 2006)
* March 12
** Graham Coxon, English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and painter
** Akemi Okamura, Japanese voice actress
*
March 13
Events Pre-1600
*624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh.
* 1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War.
* 1591 – At the Battle of ...
– Susanna Mälkki, Finnish conductor
* March 15
** Timo Kotipelto, Finnish musician
** Yutaka Take, Japanese jockey
*
March 16
Events Pre-1600
* 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang.
*1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York.
*1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
– Markus Lanz, German-Italian television presenter
*
March 17
Events Pre-1600
*45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
* 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age o ...
– Alexander McQueen, British fashion designer (d. 2010)
*
March 18
Events Pre-1600
* 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10.
*1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
** Vassily Ivanchuk, Ukrainian chess grandmaster
** Jimmy Morales, Guatemalan politician, 37th President of Guatemala
* March 19 – Patrick Tam (actor), Patrick Tam, Hong Kong actor
* March 21 – Ali Daei, Iranian football player
*
March 22
Events Pre-1600
*106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea.
* 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century.
* 871 – Æthelr ...
– Tony Fadell, American engineeer, inventor, designer and entrepreneur (Nest Labs, Apple Inc)
* March 24 – Stephan Eberharter, Austrian alpine skier
* March 25 – Jeff Walker (musician), Jeffrey Walker, British musician
* March 27
** Mariah Carey, American pop singer
** Kevin Corrigan, American actor
** Pauley Perrette, American actress
*
March 28
Events Pre-1600
* AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate.
* 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
– Rodney Atkins, American country music singer
*
March 29
Events Pre-1600
* 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
*1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– Chiaki Ishikawa, Japanese singer (See-Saw (group), See-Saw)
April
* April 1
** Fadl Shaker, Lebanese singer
** Andrew Vlahov, Australian basketball player
* April 2 – Ajay Devgn, Ajay Devgan, Indian actor, director and producer
* April 3
** Ben Mendelsohn, Australian actor
** Lance Storm, Canadian professional wrestler
* April 6 – Paul Rudd, American actor, comedian, writer and producer
* April 11
** Cerys Matthews, Welsh singer
** Caren Miosga, German journalist and television presenter
** Chisato Moritaka, Japanese singer
* April 16 – Dawn Brancheau, American senior animal trainer (d. 2010)
* April 18
** Shannon Lee, Chinese-American actress
** Susan Polgár, Hungarian chess player
*
April 20
Events Pre-1600
* 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII.
1601–1900
*1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament.
*1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroy ...
– Marietta Slomka, German journalist
* April 21 – Toby Stephens, English actor
*
April 22 – Dion Dublin, English footballer
* April 23 – Yelena Shushunova, Soviet gymnast (d.
2018)
* April 25
** Vanessa Beecroft, Italian artist
** Gina Torres, American actress
** Renée Zellweger, American Academy Awards, Academy Award-winning actress and producer
May
* May 1 – Wes Anderson, American filmmaker
* May 2
** Brian Lara, Trinidadian cricketer.
** Corinna Schumacher, German animal rights activist and accomplished horse rider
*
May 4
Events Pre-1600
*1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''.
*1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus are ...
– Rabindra Prasad Adhikari, Nepalese politician (d. 2019)
* May 5 – Hideki Irabu, Japanese baseball player (d. 2011)
* May 6 – Jim Magilton, Northern Irish footballer
* May 9 – Amber (singer), Amber, German musician
*
May 10
Events Pre-1600
* 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China.
*1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of E ...
– Dennis Bergkamp, Dutch footballer
*
May 13
** Nikos Aliagas, French-born television host
** Buckethead, Brian Carroll (aka Buckethead), American guitarist
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
* 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
*1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and fo ...
– Cate Blanchett, Australian actress
*
May 16
Events Pre-1600
* 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan.
*1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire.
*1364 ...
** David Boreanaz, American actor
** Tucker Carlson, American political commentator
** Steve Lewis (sprinter), Steve Lewis, American athlete
*
May 21 – Georgiy Gongadze, Ukrainian journalist (d. 2000)
*
May 26 – Siri Lindley, American triathlete
* May 28 – Rob Ford, Canadian politician, 64th Mayor of Toronto (d. 2016)
June
*
June 3 – Takako Minekawa, Japanese musician, composer and writer
* June 4 – Rob Huebel, American comedian
* June 7
** Alina Astafei, Romanian-German high jumper
** Prince Joachim of Denmark
** Kim Rhodes, American actress
*
June 8 – J. P. Manoux, American actor
* June 11
** Peter Dinklage, American actor
** Steven Drozd, American rock drummer
** Anatoliy Povedenok, Kazakh football player
* June 12
** Zsolt Daczi, Hungarian rock guitarist (d. 2007)
** Heinz-Christian Strache, Austrian politician
* June 13 – Søren Rasted, Danish musician
* June 14
** Eugene Chung, Korean-American football player
** Steffi Graf, German tennis player
*
June 15
** Ice Cube, African-American rapper and actor
** Oliver Kahn, German football goalkeeper
** Jansher Khan, Pakistani squash player
* June 16 – MC Ren, American rapper
*
June 17 – Paul Tergat, Kenyan athlete
* June 18 – Haki Doku, Albanian para-cyclist
* June 19 – Trine Pallesen, Danish actress
* June 20
** Alexander Schallenberg, current Chancellor of Austria
** Paulo Bento, Portuguese football player and coach
* June 23
** Achinoam Nini, Noa, Israeli singer
** Fernanda Ribeiro, Portuguese long-distance runner
*
June 24 – Sissel Kyrkjebø, Norwegian singer
* June 30 – Sanath Jayasuriya, Sri Lankan cricketer
July
* July 2
** Jenni Rivera, Mexican-American singer-songwriter, producer and actress (d.
2012
File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
)
** Tim Rodber, English rugby player
* July 3
** Gedeon Burkhard, German actor
** Shawnee Smith, American actress
* July 5 – John LeClair, American hockey player
*
July 7
** Sylke Otto, German luger
** Joe Sakic, Canadian hockey player
** Cree Summer, American-Canadian actress and singer
*
July 8 – Sugizo, Japanese guitarist and singer
* July 9 – Munkhbayar Dorjsuren, Mongolian-German sport shooter
* July 10
** Gale Harold, American actor
** Hossan Leong, Singaporean stage and screen actor, television host, radio deejay and comedian
** Jonas Kaufmann, German operatic tenor
** Rami Makhlouf, Syrian businessman
* July 11 – David Tao, Taiwanese singer-songwriter
*
July 14 – Billy Herrington, American gay pornographic actor (d.
2018)
*
July 16
** Björn Dunkerbeck, Danish windsurfer
** Sahra Wagenknecht, German politician
* July 17
** Jason Clarke, Australian actor
** Ravi Kishan, Indian actor
** Kazuki Kitamura, Japanese actor
*
July 18 – The Great Sasuke, Masanori Murakawa, Japanese wrestler
*
July 20
** Josh Holloway, American actor
** Johnny Ngauamo, Tonga rugby union player
* July 21
** Avraam Russo, Russian singer
** Isabell Werth, German equestrian
*
July 22
** Jason Becker, American heavy metal guitarist, formerly of Cacophony
** James Arnold Taylor, American voice actor
** Despina Vandi, Greek singer
* July 23 – Raphael Warnock, American pastor and junior senator from Georgia
*
July 24
Events Pre-1600
*1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
*1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade.
*1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of St ...
– Jennifer Lopez, American actress and singer
* July 25 – Annastacia Palaszczuk, Australian politician, Premier of Queensland
*
July 26 – Tanni Grey-Thompson, born Carys Grey, British Paralympian
* July 27
** Dacian Cioloș, 64th Prime Minister of Romania
** Pavel Hapal, Czech footballer
** Jonty Rhodes, South African cricketer
** Triple H (aka Paul Levesque), American wrestler
* July 28
** Michael Amott, Swedish guitarist and songwriter
** Alexis Arquette, American actress, cabaret performer, underground cartoonist, and activist (d. 2016)
** Dana White, American businessman and president of Ultimate Fighting Championship
*
July 30 – Simon Baker, Australian-American actor and director
*
July 31
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
* 781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Tr ...
– Antonio Conte, Italian football player and manager
August
* August 2
** Jan Axel Blomberg, Norwegian drummer
** Fernando Couto, Portuguese footballer
* August 3 – Anne Marie DeLuise, Canadian actress
*
August 4
** Max Cavalera, Brazilian musician and singer (Soulfly, Cavalera Conspiracy, ex-Sepultura)
** Michael DeLuise, American actor
* August 6 – Elliott Smith, American musician (d. 2003)
* August 8 – Faye Wong, Hong Kong singer and actress
* August 10 – Brian Drummond, Canadian voice actor
* August 11
** Vanderlei de Lima, Brazilian long-distance runner
** Ashley Jensen, British actress
* August 12 – Tanita Tikaram, German-born British singer-songwriter
*
August 13 – Midori Ito, Japanese figure skater
*
August 15
** Justin Broadrick, British musician
** Kevin Cheng, Hong Kong television actor and singer
** Bernard Fanning, Australian musician (Powderfinger)
**John Fetterman, American politician, Senator-elect of Pennsylvania
*
August 17
** Christian Laettner, American professional basketball player
** Dick Togo, Japanese professional wrestler
** Donnie Wahlberg, American singer and actor (New Kids on the Block)
* August 18
** Edward Norton, American actor, film director, screenwriter, and social activist
** Christian Slater, American actor and producer
** Timothy Snyder, American author and historian
* August 19
** Nate Dogg, African-American rapper (d. 2011)
** Matthew Perry, American actor
* August 28 – Jack Black, American actor and musician
*
August 29
Events Pre-1600
* 708 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708).
* 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzanti ...
– Lucero (entertainer), Lucero, Mexican singer and actress
* August 30 – Kent Osborne, American actor and producer
September
* September 3 – Robert Karlsson, Swedish golfer
* September 4 – Giorgi Margvelashvili, politician; 4th President of the Georgia (country), Republic of Georgia
* September 6 – Cece Peniston, American musician
* September 7 – Diane Farr, American actress
* September 8 – Gary Speed, Welsh footballer and manager (d. 2011)
*
September 9 – Rachel Hunter, New Zealand model and actress
* September 12
** Ángel Cabrera, Argentine golfer
** Shigeki Maruyama, Japanese golfer
* September 13
** Tyler Perry, American actor, film director and screenwriter
** Shane Warne, Australian cricketer (d. 2022)
*
September 14 – Bong Joon-ho, South Korean film director and screenwriter
* September 17 – Ken Doherty, Irish snooker player
* September 19 – Simona Păucă, Romanian gymnast
* September 24 – Shawn Crahan, Shawn "Clown" Crahan, American rock percussionist
*
September 25
Events Pre-1600
* 275 – For the last time, the Roman Senate chooses an emperor; they elect 75-year-old Marcus Claudius Tacitus.
* 762 – Led by Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, the Hasanid branch of the Alids begins the Alid Revolt a ...
** Hansie Cronje, South African cricketer (d. 2002)
* Catherine Zeta-Jones, Welsh actress
* September 26 – Victor N'Gembo-Mouanda, Congolese author
* September 29 – Erika Eleniak, American model and actress
* September 30 – Jackie Traverse, Canadian artist and activist
October
*
October 1
** Zach Galifianakis, American actor and stand-up comedian
** Igor Ulanov, Russian hockey player
** Marcus Stephen, Former President of Nauru
* October 3
** Gwen Stefani, American singer, actress, and television host
** Tetsuya (musician), Tetsuya, Japanese musician
*
October 5 – Elizabeth Azcona Bocock, Honduran politician
* October 6
** Muhammad V of Kelantan, 15th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia and Sultan of Kelantan
** Ogün Temizkanoğlu, Turkish football player
* October 7 – Benny Chan (actor), Benny Chan Ho Man, Hong Kong actor
*
October 9
** Jun Akiyama, Japanese professional wrestler
** PJ Harvey, British singer-songwriter
** Steve McQueen (director), Steve McQueen, English film director, producer and screenwriter
* October 10
** Brett Favre, American football player
** Wendi McLendon-Covey, American actress
* October 12 – Judit Mascó, Spanish model, television host and writer
* October 13
** Rhett Akins, American country singer
** Nancy Kerrigan, American figure skater
** Cady McClain, American actress and director
*
October 15 – Kim Raver, American actress
* October 16 – Wendy Wilson, American singer and television personality
*
October 17
Events Pre-1600
* 690 – Empress Wu Zetian establishes the Zhou Dynasty
The Zhou dynasty ( ; Old Chinese ( B&S): *''tiw'') was a royal dynasty of China that followed the Shang dynasty. Having lasted 789 years, the Zhou dynasty ...
** Ernie Els, South African golfer
** Jesús Ángel García, Spanish race walker
** Wood Harris, American actor
** Wyclef Jean, Haitian rapper
** Nancy Sullivan (American actress), Nancy Sullivan, American actress
* October 19
** Pedro Castillo, 130th President of Peru
** Vanessa Marshall, American actress and voice actress
** Trey Parker, American actor, voice actor, animator, writer, producer, director, and composer
*
October 20
** Laurie Daley, Australian rugby league player
** Juan González (baseball), Juan González, American baseball player
*
October 21
Events Pre-1600
*1096 – A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fights off the People's Crusade.
* 1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege o ...
– Michael Hancock (rugby league), Michael Hancock, Australian rugby league player
* October 22 – Spike Jonze, American director and filmmaker
* October 24
** Peter Dolving, Swedish musician
** Adela Noriega, Mexican actress
*
October 25
** Samantha Bee, Canadian comedian, writer, producer, and political commentator
** Josef Beránek, Czech ice hockey player
** Oleg Salenko, Russian football player
* October 30
** Stanislav Gross, 5th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (d. 2015)
** Snow (musician), Snow, Canadian singer
* October 31 – Kim Rossi Stuart, Italian actor and director
November
* November 1 – Gary Alexander (basketball), Gary Alexander, American basketball player
* November 2 – Reginald Arvizu (aka Fieldy Snuts), American bassist
*
November 3 – Robert Miles, Swiss-born Italian record producer and DJ (d. 2017)
* November 4
** Sean Combs, American rapper and entrepreneur
** Matthew McConaughey, American actor
* November 7
** Michelle Clunie, American actress
** Hélène Grimaud, French pianist
* November 8 – Jonathan Slavin, American actor and activist
* November 9 – Allison Wolfe, American musician
* November 10
** Faustino Asprilla, Colombian football player
** Jens Lehmann, German football player
** Ellen Pompeo, American actress
* November 12
** Tomas N'evergreen, Danish singer
** Rob Schrab, American actor and comic book creator
* November 13
** Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Somali-born Dutch American activist
** Gerard Butler, Scottish actor
*
November 17 – Jean-Michel Saive, Belgian table tennis player
* November 18
** Kathleen Van Brempt, Kathleen van Brempt, Belgian politician
** Sam Cassell, American basketball player
** Ahmed Helmy, Egyptian actor
*
November 19 – Ertuğrul Sağlam, Turkish football coach and former player
*
November 21
Events Pre-1600
*164 BCE – Judas Maccabeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, rededicates the Temple in Jerusalem, an event is commemorated each year by the festival of Hanukkah. (25 Kislev 3597 in the Hebrew calendar.)
* 235 & ...
– Ken Griffey Jr., American baseball player
* November 23 – Robin Padilla, Filipino actor
*
November 24
Events Pre-1600
* 380 – Theodosius I makes his ''adventus'', or formal entry, into Constantinople.
*1190 – Conrad of Montferrat becomes King of Jerusalem upon his marriage to Isabella I of Jerusalem.
* 1221 – Genghis Khan d ...
– David Adeang, Nauruan politician
* November 26 – Kara Walker, American artist
* November 27 – Carina Ricco, Mexican actress and singer
* November 28
** Colman Domingo, African-American actor
** Lexington Steele, African-American actor and film director
* November 29
** Pierre van Hooijdonk, Dutch footballer
** Kasey Keller,
American Major League Soccer player
** Mariano Rivera, Panamanian-American professional baseball player
* November 30 – Trina Gulliver, English darts player
December
*
December 1
Events Pre-1600
* 800 – A council is convened in the Vatican, at which Charlemagne is to judge the accusations against Pope Leo III.
*1420 – Henry V of England enters Paris alongside his father-in-law King Charles VI of France.
...
– Richard Carrier, American historian
* December 4 – Jay-Z, African-American rapper
* December 5
** Sajid Javid, British Pakistani politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer
** Catherine Tate, English actress, comedian, and writer
* December 11 – Viswanathan Anand, Indian chess grandmaster
* December 16 – Michelle Smith, Irish swimmer
* December 17
** Laurie Holden, American actress, producer, model and human rights activist
** Chuck Liddell, American mixed martial arts fighter
* December 18
** Santiago Cañizares, Spanish footballer
** Irvin Duguid, Scottish rock keyboard player (Stiltskin)
** Mille Petrozza, German-Italian rock vocalist and guitarist (Kreator)
** Joe Randa, American
Major League Baseball
Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL) ...
player and radio talk-show host
* December 19
** Richard Hammond, British television presenter
** Lauren Sánchez, American news anchor
** Kristy Swanson, American actress
* December 21
** Julie Delpy, French actress
** Magnus Samuelsson, Swedish bodybuilder, World's Strongest Man
*
December 24
Events Pre-1600
* 502 – Chinese emperor Xiao Yan names Xiao Tong his heir designate.
* 640 – Pope John IV is elected, several months after his predecessor's death.
* 759 – Tang dynasty poet Du Fu departs for Chengdu, ...
** Brad Anderson (wrestler), Brad Anderson, American wrestler
** Milan Blagojevic (footballer), Milan Blagojevic, Australian footballer
** Pernille Fischer Christensen, Danish film director
** Leavander Johnson, American lightweight boxer (d. 2005)
** Sean Cameron Michael, South African actor and singer
** Ed Miliband, English academic and politician, Minister for the Cabinet Office
** Mark Millar, Scottish author
** Luis Musrri, Chilean footballer
** Oleg Skripochka, Russian cosmonaut
** Gintaras Staučė, Lithuanian footballer
** Chen Yueling, American race walker
** Jonathan Zittrain, American professor
** Michael Zucchet, American economist and politician, Mayor of San Diego
* December 25 – Nicolas Godin, French musician
*
December 27
** Chyna, American professional wrestler (d. 2016)
** Sarah Vowell, American historian, author, journalist, essayist, social commentator and actress
* December 28 – Linus Torvalds, Finnish computer programmer
* December 30
** Kersti Kaljulaid, 5th President of Estonia
** Jay Kay, English singer (Jamiroquai)
Deaths
January
*
January 1
January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. ...
** Barton MacLane, American actor (b. 1902)
** Bruno Söderström, Swedish athlete (b. 1881)
*
January 3 – Commodore Cochran, American Olympic athlete (b. 1902)
*
January 4
Events Pre-1600
*46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina.
* 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army.
1601–1900
*1649 – E ...
– Paul Chambers, American jazz bassist (b. 1935)
* January 8 – Albert Hill (athlete), Albert Hill, British athlete (b. 1889)
*
January 19
Events Pre-1600
* 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
* 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender ...
– Jan Palach, Czech student (b. 1948)
*
January 27
Events Pre-1600
* 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent.
* 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to b ...
– Charles Winninger, American actor (b. 1884)
*
January 29
Events
Pre-1600
* 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher.
* 946 – Caliph Al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Emir Mu'izz al-Dawla, ru ...
– Allen Dulles, American director of the Central Intelligence Agency (b. 1893)
* January 30 – Dominique Pire, Belgian Dominican friar, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1910)
* January 31 – Meher Baba, Indian spiritual master (b. 1894)
February
*
February 2 – Boris Karloff, English actor (b. 1887)
*
February 3
Events Pre-1600
*1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.
* 1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
*1488 – ...
** Eduardo Mondlane, leader of the Mozambique nationalist organization FRELIMO (b. 1920)
** Al Taliaferro, American Disney comics artist (b. 1905)
*
February 5
Events Pre-1600
*AD 62, 62 – AD 62 Pompeii earthquake, Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy.
*1576 – Henry IV of France, Henry of Navarre :wikt:abjure, abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Re ...
– Thelma Ritter, American actress (b. 1902)
*
February 9
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
*1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland.
*1539 – The first recorded race is held ...
– George "Gabby" Hayes, American actor (b. 1885)
*
February 13
Events Pre-1600
* 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the '' Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome.
*1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th.
* 1462 – T ...
– Florence Mary Taylor, English-born Australian architect (b. 1879)
*
February 14
Events Pre-1600
* 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt.
* 842 – Charles the Bald and Lo ...
– Vito Genovese, Italian-American mobster (b. 1897)
* February 18 – Dragiša Cvetković, 13th Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1893)
* February 19 – Madge Blake, American actress (b. 1899)
* February 20 – Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b. 1883)
* February 23
** Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, King of Saudi Arabia (b. 1902)
** Madhubala, Indian actress (b. 1933)
* February 25 – Jan Zajíc, Czech student (b. 1950)
* February 26
** Levi Eshkol, 3rd Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1895)
** Karl Jaspers, German psychiatrist and philosopher (b. 1883)
* February 27 – John Boles (actor), John Boles, American actor (b. 1895)
March
*
March 3
Events Pre-1600
* 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan.
*1575 & ...
** Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi, 11th Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1886)
** Fred Alexander, American tennis player (b. 1880)
* March 6 – Óscar Osorio, Salvadorian military leader, 32nd President of El Salvador (b. 1910)
* March 11 – John Wyndham, British author (b. 1903)
* March 14 – Ben Shahn, Lithuanian-American artist (b. 1898)
* March 24 – Joseph Kasavubu, 1st President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, President of Congo-Léopoldville (b. 1917)
* March 25 – Max Eastman, American writer (b. 1883)
* March 26 – John Kennedy Toole, American author (b. 1937)
*
March 28
Events Pre-1600
* AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate.
* 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
–
Dwight D. Eisenhower, American general and politician, 34th President of the United States (b. 1890)
April
* April 2 – Fortunio Bonanova, Spanish actor and singer (b. 1895)
* April 5
** Alberto Bonucci, Italian actor and director (b. 1918)
** Rómulo Gallegos, Venezuelan novelist and politician, 48th President of Venezuela (b. 1884)
* April 10 – Harley Earl, American designer and executive (b. 1893)
*
April 15
Events Pre-1600
* 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings.
*1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
– Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, former Queen consort of Spain (b. 1887)
*
April 20
Events Pre-1600
* 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII.
1601–1900
*1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament.
*1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroy ...
– Vjekoslav Luburić, Croatian Ustaše official and concentration camp administrator (b. 1914)
* April 26 – Morihei Ueshiba, Japanese martial artist and founder of aikido (b. 1883)
* April 27 – René Barrientos , Bolivian general and statesman, 47th President of Bolivia (helicopter crash) (b. 1919)
May
* May 2 – Franz von Papen, 22nd Chancellor of Germany (German Reich), Chancellor of Germany and 26th Prime Minister of Prussia (b. 1879)
* May 3
** Karl Freund, German cinematographer (b. 1890)
** Zakir Husain (politician), Zakir Hussain, Indian politician, 3rd President of India (b. 1897)
* May 6 – Don Drummond, Jamaican ska musician (b. 1932)
*
May 14
Events Pre-1600
* 1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks.
* 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade.
*1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and fo ...
** Enid Bennett, American actress (b. 1893)
** Frederick Lane, Australian swimmer (b. 1888)
*
May 15
Events Pre-1600
* 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty.
* 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arb ...
– Robert Rayford, American HIV/AIDS victim (b. 1953)
*
May 21 – William Lincoln Bakewell, American explorer (b. 1888)
* May 23 – Jimmy McHugh, American composer (b. 1894)
* May 24 – Mitzi Green, American actress (b. 1920)
*
May 26 – Paul Hawkins (racing driver), Paul Hawkins, Australian racing driver (b. 1937)
* May 27
** Muhammad Fareed Didi, Sultan of Maldives (b. 1901)
** Jeffrey Hunter, American actor (b. 1926)
June
* June 1 – Ivar Ballangrud, Norwegian Olympic speed skater (b. 1904)
* June 4 – Rafael Osuna, Mexican professional tennis player (b. 1938)
*
June 8 – Robert Taylor (American actor), Robert Taylor, American actor (b. 1911)
* June 11 – John L. Lewis, President of the United Mine Workers of America (b. 1889)
* June 12 – Aleksandr Deyneka, Russian painter and sculptor (b. 1899)
* June 16 – Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, 17th Governor General of Canada (b. 1891)
* June 18 – Edgar Anderson, American botanist (b. 1897)
* June 19 – Natalie Talmadge, American actress (b. 1896)
* June 20 – Mohamed Siddiq El-Minshawi, Egyptian Qur'anic reciter (b. 1920)
* June 22 – Judy Garland, American actress and singer (b. 1922)
* June 23 – Volmari Iso-Hollo, Finnish athlete (b. 1907)
July
* July 2 – Mikio Naruse, Japanese film director (b. 1905)
* July 3 – Brian Jones, British rock musician (b. 1942)
* July 5
** Ben Alexander (actor), Ben Alexander, American actor (b. 1911)
** Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist (b. 1884)
** Walter Gropius, German architect (b. 1883)
** Lambert Hillyer, American film director (b. 1889)
** Tom Mboya, Kenyan politician (b. 1930)
** Leo McCarey, American film director (b. 1898)
* July 9 – Raizō Tanaka, Japanese admiral (b. 1892)
* July 15 – Peter van Eyck, German actor (b. 1911)
* July 17 – Ichikawa Raizō VIII, Japanese actor (b. 1931)
*
July 20 – Roy Hamilton, American singer (b. 1929)
*
July 24
Events Pre-1600
*1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
*1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade.
*1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of St ...
– Witold Gombrowicz, Polish novelist and dramatist (b. 1904)
* July 25 – Otto Dix, German painter (b. 1891)
* July 28
** Frank Loesser, American songwriter (b. 1910)
** Ramón Grau, president of Cuba (b. 1882)
August
*
August 5 – Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg (b. 1873)
* August 6 – Theodor W. Adorno, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1903)
* August 8 – Choi Seung-hee, Korean modern dancer (b. 1911)
* August 9
** C. F. Powell, Cecil Frank Powell, British physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903)
** Constantin Ion Parhon, Romanian politician (b. 1874)
** Jay Sebring, American celebrity hair stylist (b. 1933)
** Sharon Tate, American actress and model (b. 1943)
*
August 13 – Nicolás Fasolino, Argentine Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1887)
*
August 14
Events Pre-1600
* 74 BC – A group of officials, led by the Western Han minister Huo Guang, present articles of impeachment against the new emperor, Liu He, to the imperial regent, Empress Dowager Shangguan. The articles, enumerating t ...
– Leonard Woolf, English writer (b. 1880)
*
August 17
** Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, German-American architect (b. 1886)
** Otto Stern, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)
* August 18 – Mildred Davis, American actress (b. 1901)
* August 20 – Marty Barry, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1905)
* August 26 – Ismail al-Azhari, 2nd Prime Minister, 3rd President of Sudan (b. 1900)
* August 27
** Dame Ivy Compton-Burnett, English novelist (b. 1884)
** Erika Mann, German writer (b. 1905)
* August 31 – Rocky Marciano, American professional boxer (b. 1923)
September
*
September 2
Events
Pre-1600
* 44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.
* 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his '' Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of th ...
–
Ho Chi Minh, Vietnamese Communist politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, Prime Minister of North Vietnam and 1st President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, President of North Vietnam (b. 1890)
* September 3 – John Lester, American cricketer (b. 1871)
* September 6 – Arthur Friedenreich, Brazilian footballer (b. 1892)
* September 8
** Bud Collyer, American radio and television personality (b. 1908)
** Alexandra David-Néel, French explorer (b. 1868)
* September 19 – Rex Ingram (actor), Rex Ingram, American actor (b. 1895)
*
September 22
Events Pre-1600
* 904 – The warlord Zhu Quanzhong kills Emperor Zhaozong, the penultimate emperor of the Tang dynasty, after seizing control of the imperial government.
*1236 – The Samogitians defeat the Livonian Brothers of the ...
** Adolfo López Mateos, Mexican politician, 48th President of Mexico, 1958-1964 (b. 1909)
** Aleksandras Stulginskis, Lithuanian politician, 2nd President of Lithuania, President of the Republic of Lithuania (b. 1885)
* September 27 – Nicolas Grunitzky, 2nd President of Togo (b. 1913)
*
September 28
Events Pre-1600
*48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII.
* 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus o ...
– Nicolae Dăscălescu, Romanian general (b. 1884)
October
* October 3 – Skip James, American blues singer (b. 1902)
* October 6 – Walter Hagen, American golf champion (b. 1892)
* October 7 – Natalya Lisenko, Russian actress (b. 1884)
* October 8 – Eduardo Ciannelli, Italian actor and singer (b. 1888)
* October 12 – Sonja Henie, Norwegian figure skater (b. 1912)
* October 16 – Leonard Chess, Polish-American record company executive, co-founder of Chess Records (b. 1917)
* October 18 – Gyula Mándi, Hungarian footballer and manager (b. 1899)
*
October 21
Events Pre-1600
*1096 – A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fights off the People's Crusade.
* 1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege o ...
** Jack Kerouac, American author (b. 1922)
** Wacław Sierpiński, Polish mathematician (b. 1882)
*
October 29 – Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich, 34th President of Costa Rica (b. 1907)
* October 31 – Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río, 26th President of Ecuador, leader during World War II (b. 1893)
November
* November 1 – Pauline Bush (actress), Pauline Bush, American actress (b. 1886)
* November 5 – Lloyd Corrigan, American actor (b. 1900)
* November 8
** Dave O'Brien (actor), Dave O'Brien, American actor (b. 1912)
** Vesto Slipher, American astronomer (b. 1875)
* November 12 – William F. Friedman, American cryptanalyst (b. 1891)
* November 13 – Iskander Mirza, Pakistani politician, 1st President of Pakistan (b. 1899)
* November 18 – Joseph P. Kennedy Sr., American politician (b. 1888)
*
November 21
Events Pre-1600
*164 BCE – Judas Maccabeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, rededicates the Temple in Jerusalem, an event is commemorated each year by the festival of Hanukkah. (25 Kislev 3597 in the Hebrew calendar.)
* 235 & ...
** Norman Lindsay, Australian painter (b. 1879)
** Mutesa II of Buganda, Kabaka of Buganda and 1st President of Uganda (b. 1924)
December
*
December 1
Events Pre-1600
* 800 – A council is convened in the Vatican, at which Charlemagne is to judge the accusations against Pope Leo III.
*1420 – Henry V of England enters Paris alongside his father-in-law King Charles VI of France.
...
– Magic Sam, American musician (b. 1937)
*
December 2 – Kliment Voroshilov, Soviet military commander (b. 1881)
* December 4 – Fred Hampton, American activist (b. 1948)
* December 5
** Princess Alice of Battenberg (b. 1885)
** Claude Dornier, German airplane builder, founder of Dornier Flugzeugwerke (b. 1884)
* December 6 – João Cândido Felisberto, Brazilian sailor, led the Revolt of the Lash (b. 1880)
* December 8
** Karl Fiehler, German Politician of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) and Lord Mayor of Munich (b. 1895)
** Ole Singstad, Norwegian-born American civil engineer (b. 1882)
* December 13
** Spencer Williams Jr., American actor (b. 1893)
** Raymond A. Spruance, United States admiral (b. 1886)
* December 21 – Georges Catroux, French Army general and colonial governor (b. 1877)
* December 22
** Josef von Sternberg, Austrian film director (b. 1894)
** Enrique Peñaranda , Bolivian general, 38th President of Bolivia, leader during World War II (b. 1892)
* December 29 – Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango, 11th President of Panama, leader during World War II (b. 1899)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Murray Gell-Mann
* Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Derek Barton, Odd Hassel
* Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Max Delbrück, Alfred Hershey, Salvador Luria
* Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Samuel Beckett
* Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – International Labour Organization
* Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Ragnar Frisch, Jan Tinbergen
References
1969 – HeadlinesA report from Rich Lamb of WCBS Newsradio 880 (WCBS-AM New York) Part of WCBS 880's celebration of 40 years of newsradio.
1969 – The Year in SoundAn Audiofile produced by Lou Zambrana of WCBS Newsradio 880 (WCBS-AM New York) Part of WCBS 880's celebration of 40 years of newsradio.
{{DEFAULTSORT:1969
1969,