The 1894 United States House of Representatives elections were held from June 4, 1894 to November 6, 1894, with special elections throughout the year. Elections were held to elect representatives from all 356

congressional districts Congressional districts, also known as electoral districts and legislative districts, electorates, or wards in other nations, are divisions of a larger administrative region that represent the population of a region in the larger congressional bod ...

across each of the 44 U.S. states at the time, as well as non-voting delegates from the inhabited U.S. territories. The winners of this election served in the

54th Congress The 54th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1895, ...

, with seats apportioned among the states based on the

1890 United States Census The United States census of 1890 was taken beginning June 2, 1890, but most of the 1890 census materials were destroyed in 1921 when a building caught fire and in the subsequent disposal of the remaining damaged records. It determined the reside ...

. The elections comprised a significant political realignment, with a major Republican landslide that set the stage for the decisive

election of 1896 The following elections occurred in 1896: {{TOC right North America Canada * 1896 Canadian federal election * December 1896 Edmonton municipal election * January 1896 Edmonton municipal election * 1896 Manitoba general election United States * ...

. The 1894 elections came in the middle of Democratic

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

Grover Cleveland Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837June 24, 1908) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 22nd and 24th president of the United States from 1885 to 1889 and from 1893 to 1897. Cleveland is the only president in American ...

's second term. The nation was in its deepest economic depression yet following the

Panic of 1893 The Panic of 1893 was an economic depression in the United States that began in 1893 and ended in 1897. It deeply affected every sector of the economy, and produced political upheaval that led to the political realignment of 1896 and the pres ...

, which pushed economic issues to the forefront. In the spring, a major coal strike damaged the economy of the

Midwest The Midwestern United States, also referred to as the Midwest or the American Midwest, is one of four Census Bureau Region, census regions of the United States Census Bureau (also known as "Region 2"). It occupies the northern central part of ...

and Mid-Atlantic. It was accompanied by violence; the miners lost and many joined the Populist Party. Immediately after the coal strike concluded,

Eugene V. Debs Eugene Victor "Gene" Debs (November 5, 1855 – October 20, 1926) was an American socialism, socialist, political activist, trade unionist, one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), and five times the candidate ...

led a nationwide railroad strike. It shut down the nation's transportation system west of

Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at th ...

for weeks, until President Cleveland's use of federal troops ended the strike. Debs went to prison for disobeying a court order.

Illinois Governor The governor of Illinois is the head of government of Illinois, and the various agencies and departments over which the officer has jurisdiction, as prescribed in the state constitution. It is a directly elected position, votes being cast by p ...

John Peter Altgeld John Peter Altgeld (December 30, 1847 – March 12, 1902) was an American politician and the 20th Governor of Illinois, serving from 1893 until 1897. He was the first Democrat to govern that state since the 1850s. A leading figure of the Progr ...

, a Democrat, broke bitterly with Cleveland. The fragmented and disoriented Democratic Party was crushed everywhere outside of the South, losing more than 55% of its seats to the Republican Party. The Democrats did so poorly that even in the South, they lost seats to the Republican-Populist

electoral fusion Electoral fusion is an arrangement where two or more political parties on a ballot list the same candidate, pooling the votes for that candidate. It is distinct from the process of electoral alliances in that the political parties remain separat ...

Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = "Alabama (state song), Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery, Alabama, Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville, Alabama, Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County, Al ...

North Carolina North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and So ...

Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th-largest by area and the 15th-most populous of the 50 states. It is bordered by Kentucky to th ...

, and

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...

. The Democrats ultimately lost 127 seats in this election, with the Republicans gaining 130 seats after the resolution of several contested elections. The Democratic Party failed to win one seat in twenty-four states and only won one seat in six states. Prominent Democrats in the house including

Richard P. Bland Richard Parks Bland (August 19, 1835 – June 15, 1899) was an American politician, lawyer, and educator from Missouri. A Democrat, Bland served in the United States House of Representatives from 1873 to 1895 and from 1897 to 1899, representing ...

, William McKendree Springer, and

William Lyne Wilson William Lyne Wilson (May 3, 1843 – October 17, 1900) was an American politician and lawyer from West Virginia. A Bourbon Democrat, Wilson was elected to the United States Congress in 1882 and served six terms of office, ending in 1895. Followi ...

were defeated in the election. The 1894 election is the largest seat swing in the history of the House of Representatives. As of 2022, the only other occasion where a political party has suffered triple-digit losses was in

1932 Events January * January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel. * January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident (1932), Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort ...

. The main issues revolved around the severe economic depression, which the Republicans blamed on the conservative Bourbon Democrats led by Cleveland. Cleveland supporters lost heavily, weakening their hold on the party and setting the stage for an 1896 takeover by the free silver wing of the party. The Populist Party ran candidates in the South and Midwest, but generally lost ground outside of the South. The Democrats tried to raise a religious issue, claiming the GOP was in cahoots with the anti-Catholic American Protective Association; the allegations seem to have fallen flat as Catholics swung towards the GOP.

Election summaries

Special elections

15 special elections took place in 1894 leading up to and following the general election. They are listed below in order of election date then by state and district. Republicans flipped 3 seats in the special elections in New York's 14th, Kentucky's 9th, and Maryland's 5th congressional districts. , - ! ,

Charles T. O'Ferrall Charles Triplett "Trip" O'Ferrall (October 21, 1840 – September 22, 1905) was a Virginia lawyer, judge and politician who fought as a cavalry officer in the Confederate States Army, then served as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. ...

, , Democratic , 1884 , , Incumbent resigned December 28, 1893 after being elected

Governor of Virginia The governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia serves as the head of government of Virginia for a four-year term. The incumbent, Glenn Youngkin, was sworn in on January 15, 2022. Oath of office On inauguration day, the Governor-elect takes th ...

.
New member elected January 30, 1894.
Democratic hold.
Winner later re-elected in November, see below. , nowrap , , - ! ,

John R. Fellows John R. Fellows (July 29, 1832 – December 7, 1896) was an American lawyer and politician from Arkansas and New York (state), New York. He served as New York County District Attorney (1888-1890, 1894-1896), and a member of Congress from New Yo ...

, , Democratic ,

1890 Events January–March * January 1 ** The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony, in the Horn of Africa. ** In Michigan, the wooden steamer ''Mackinaw'' burns in a fire on the Black River. * January 2 ** The steamship ...

, , Incumbent resigned December 31, 1893 to become District Attorney of New York City.
New member elected January 30, 1894.
Republican gain.
Winner later re-elected in November, see below. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William Lilly William Lilly (9 June 1681) was a seventeenth century English astrologer. He is described as having been a genius at something "that modern mainstream opinion has since decided cannot be done at all" having developed his stature as the most imp ...

, , Republican ,

1892 Events January–March * January 1 – Ellis Island begins accommodating immigrants to the United States. * February 1 - The historic Enterprise Bar and Grill was established in Rico, Colorado. * February 27 – Rudolf Diesel applies for ...

, , Incumbent died December 1, 1893.
New member elected February 26, 1894.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William H. Brawley William Hiram Brawley (incorrectly reported in some works as William Huggins Brawley; May 13, 1841 – November 15, 1916) was a United States representative from South Carolina and later a United States federal judge, United States district judg ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent resigned February 12, 1894, to become judge for the

United States District Court for the District of South Carolina The United States District Court for the District of South Carolina (in case citations, D.S.C.) is the federal district court whose jurisdiction is the state of South Carolina. Court is held in the cities of Aiken, Anderson, Beaufort, Charlest ...

.
New member elected April 12, 1894.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Robert F. Brattan , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent died May 10, 1894.
New member elected November 6, 1894.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

George W. Houk George Washington Houk (September 25, 1825 – February 9, 1894) was a lawyer and politician representing Ohio in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1891 until his death in 1894. Early life and career George W. Houk was born near Mount ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent died February 9, 1894.
New member elected May 21, 1894.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

George B. Shaw George Bullen Shaw (March 12, 1854 – August 27, 1894) was a lumberman and U.S. Representative from Wisconsin. Background Born in Alma, New York, Shaw moved to Eau Claire, Wisconsin in 1856 with his father. He attended the public schools a ...

, , Republican ,

, , Incumbent died August 27, 1894.
New member elected November 6, 1894.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William C. Oates William Calvin Oates (either November 30 or December 1, 1835September 9, 1910) was a colonel in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War, the 29th Governor of Alabama from 1894 to 1896, and a brigadier general in the U.S. Arm ...

, , Democratic ,

1880 Events January–March * January 22 – Toowong State School is founded in Queensland, Australia. * January – The international White slave trade affair scandal in Brussels is exposed and attracts international infamy. * February � ...

, , Incumbent resigned November 5, 1894, after being elected

Governor of Alabama A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political r ...

.
New member elected November 6, 1894.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Thomas H. Paynter Thomas Hanson Paynter (December 9, 1851March 8, 1921) was a United States Senator and Representative from Kentucky. Born on a farm near Vanceburg, Kentucky, Paynter attended the common schools, Rand's Academy, and Centre College. There he studi ...

, , Democratic ,

1888 In Germany, 1888 is known as the Year of the Three Emperors. Currently, it is the year that, when written in Roman numerals, has the most digits (13). The next year that also has 13 digits is the year 2388. The record will be surpassed as late ...

, , Incumbent resigned January 5, 1895, having been elected to the Kentucky Court of Appeals.
New member elected November 6, 1894, but didn't take his seat until March 4, 1895.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Barnes Compton Barnes Compton (November 16, 1830 – December 2, 1898) was a Representative of the fifth congressional district of Maryland and a Treasurer of Maryland. Early life Barnes Compton was born on November 16, 1830 in Port Tobacco, Charles County, ...

, , Democratic ,

1884 Events January–March * January 4 – The Fabian Society is founded in London. * January 5 – Gilbert and Sullivan's ''Princess Ida'' premières at the Savoy Theatre, London. * January 18 – Dr. William Price atte ...

1890

, , Incumbent resigned May 15, 1894, to become a naval officer.
New member elected November 6, 1894.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Clifton R. Breckinridge Clifton Rodes Breckinridge (November 22, 1846 – December 3, 1932) was a Democratic alderman, congressman, diplomat, businessman and veteran of the Confederate Army and Navy. He was a member of the prominent Breckinridge family, the son o ...

, , Democratic ,

1882 Events January–March * January 2 ** The Standard Oil Trust is secretly created in the United States to control multiple corporations set up by John D. Rockefeller and his associates. ** Irish-born author Oscar Wilde arrives in ...

, , Incumbent resigned August 14, 1894, to become U.S. Minister to Russia.
New member elected December 3, 1894.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Marcus C. Lisle , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent died July 7, 1894.
New member elected December 3, 1894.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Newton C. Blanchard , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent resigned March 12, 1894, to become a

U.S. Senator The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and powe ...

.
New member elected December 3, 1894.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

John A. Caldwell John Alexander Caldwell (April 21, 1852 – May 24, 1927) was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1889 to 1894. He also served as the 25th lieutenant governor of Ohio from 1900 to 1902. Biography Born in ...

, , Republican ,

, , Incumbent resigned April 4, 1894, to become Mayor of Cincinnati.
New member elected December 3, 1894.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Ashbel P. Fitch Ashbel Parmelee Fitch (October 8, 1848 – May 4, 1904) was an American lawyer, financier, and politician. He was a four-term Congressman, and a one-term Comptroller of New York City. From March 4, 1887, until January 30, 1894, he served a ...

, , Democratic ,

1886 Events January–March * January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885. * January 5– 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novella ''Strange ...

, , Incumbent resigned December 26, 1893, to become

New York City Comptroller The Office of Comptroller of New York City, a position established in 1801, is the chief financial officer and chief auditor of the city agencies and their performance and spending. The comptroller also reviews all city contracts, handles the s ...

.
New member elected December 30, 1894.
Democratic hold. , nowrap ,

Early election dates

In 1894, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early: * June 4

Oregon Oregon () is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of it ...

* September 4

Vermont Vermont () is a state in the northeast New England region of the United States. Vermont is bordered by the states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, and New York to the west, and the Canadian province of Quebec to ...

* September 10

Maine Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and north ...

Alabama

Arkansas

California

, - ! ,

Thomas J. Geary Thomas J. Geary (January 18, 1854 – July 6, 1929) was a U.S. Representative from California from 1890 to 1895. Biography Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Geary moved with his parents to San Francisco, California, in April 1863. He attend ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Anthony Caminetti Anthony Caminetti (July 30, 1854 – November 17, 1923) was an American lawyer and politician who served two terms as a United States representative from California from 1891 to 1895. Biography Born in Jackson, California, Caminetti was the son o ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Warren B. English Warren Barkley English (May 1, 1840 – January 9, 1913) was an American politician who served one year as a United States representative from California from 1894 to 1895. Biography Born in Charles Town, Virginia (now West Virginia), he atte ...

, , Democratic , 1892 , , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

James G. Maguire James George Maguire (February 22, 1853 – June 20, 1920) was an American politician and Georgist who served three terms as a U.S. Representative from California from 1893 to 1899. Early life and education Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Mag ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Eugene F. Loud Eugene Francis Loud (March 12, 1847 – December 19, 1908) was an American Civil War veteran who served six terms as a U.S. Representative from California from 1891 to 1903. Early life and career Born in Abington, Massachusetts, Loud went to ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Marion Cannon Marion Cannon (October 30, 1834 – August 27, 1920) was a United States representative from California. He was born near Morgantown, Virginia (now in West Virginia) where he learned the blacksmith trade as a teenager and left home, carryin ...

, , Populist ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William W. Bowers William Wallace Bowers (October 20, 1834 – May 2, 1917) was an American Civil War veteran politician a U.S. Representative from California from 1891 to 1897. Biography Born in Whitestown, New York, Bowers attended the common schools. He m ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

, - ! , Stephen R. Mallory , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Charles Merian Cooper Charles Merian Cooper (January 16, 1856 – November 14, 1923) was an American attorney and politician who served as a U.S. Representative from Florida from 1893 until 1897. Early life and education Cooper was born on January 16, 1856, in At ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Georgia

Idaho

, - ! ,

Willis Sweet Willis Sweet (January 1, 1856 – July 9, 1925) was the first United States House of Representatives, United States Representative elected from Idaho following statehood in 1890. Sweet served as a History of the United States Republican Party, Re ...

, , Republican ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap ,

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

, - ! ,

Ashley B. Wright Ashley Bascom Wright (May 25, 1841 – August 14, 1897) was an American politician. He was the chairman of the United States House Committee on Mileage in the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth congresses. Early life and education Wright was born ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Frederick H. Gillett Frederick Huntington Gillett (; October 16, 1851 – July 31, 1935) was an American politician who served in the Massachusetts state government and both houses of the U.S. Congress between 1879 and 1931, including six years as Speaker of the Hous ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Joseph H. Walker Joseph Henry Walker (December 21, 1829 – April 3, 1907) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Worcester, Massachusetts. Early life He was born in Boston on December 21, 1829. He moved with his parents to Hopkint ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Lewis D. Apsley Lewis Dewart Apsley (September 29, 1852 – April 11, 1925) was a businessman and U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Biography Born in Northumberland, Pennsylvania, Apsley moved with his parents to Lock Haven, Pennsylvania, in 1861. He att ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Moses T. Stevens Moses Tyler Stevens (October 10, 1825 – March 25, 1907) was an American textile manufacturer and a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Biography Moses Tyler Stevens was born in North Andover (then a part of Andover), Essex County, Mass ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William Cogswell William Cogswell (August 23, 1838 – May 22, 1895) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts and a colonel in the Union Army during the American Civil War who was appointed to the grade of brevet brigadier general, U.S. Volunteers. Biogr ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , William Everett , , Democratic , 1893 (special) , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Samuel W. McCall Samuel Walker McCall (February 28, 1851 – November 4, 1923) was a Republican lawyer, politician, and writer from Massachusetts. He was for twenty years (1893–1913) a member of the United States House of Representatives, and the 47th Governo ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Joseph H. O'Neil Joseph Henry O'Neil (March 23, 1853 – February 19, 1935) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Born in Fall River, Massachusetts, O'Neil moved with his parents to Boston in 1854. He attended the common schools. He graduated fr ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Michael J. McEttrick , , Citizens Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William F. Draper William Franklin Draper (April 9, 1842 – January 28, 1910) was an American businessman, industrialist, and soldier who served as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Biography Draper was born i ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Elijah A. Morse Elijah Adams Morse (May 25, 1841 – June 5, 1898) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts. Born in South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana, Morse moved to Massachusetts with his parents, who settled in Boston in 1852. He attended the publ ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Charles S. Randall Charles Sturtevant Randall (February 20, 1824 – August 17, 1904) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title ...

, , Republican ,

, , Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap ,

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

, - ! , John M. Allen , , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

John C. Kyle John Curtis Kyle (July 17, 1851 – July 6, 1913) was an American attorney and Democratic Party (United States), Democratic politician from Mississippi during the late 19th century. He was most notable for his service as mayor of Sardis, Mississip ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Thomas C. Catchings Thomas Clendinen Catchings (January 11, 1847 – December 24, 1927) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi. Early life and education Thomas Clendenin Catchings was born January 11, 1847, at "Fleetwood" in Hinds County, Mississippi, to Dr ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Hernando Money Hernando De Soto Money (August 26, 1839September 18, 1912) was an American politician from the state of Mississippi. Biography Money was born in Holmes County, Mississippi. He was named after the Spanish explorer Hernando De Soto. Early in his ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , John S. Williams , , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

T. R. Stockdale Thomas Ringland Stockdale (March 28, 1828 – January 8, 1899) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi. Biography Born at West Union Church near Waynesburg, Pennsylvania, Stockdale graduated from Jefferson College (now Washington & Jeffers ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Charles E. Hooker Charles Edward Hooker (April 9, 1825 – January 8, 1914) was a U.S. Representative from Mississippi. Biography Charles E. Hooker Born in Union, South Carolina, Hooker was raised in Laurens District, South Carolina. He attended the common schoo ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap ,

Missouri

Montana

, - ! ,

Charles S. Hartman Charles Sampson Hartman (March 1, 1861 – August 3, 1929) was a U.S. Representative from Montana. Born in Monticello, Indiana, Hartman attended the public schools and Wabash College in Crawfordsville. He moved to Bozeman, Montana, in January ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Nebraska

, - ! ,

William Jennings Bryan William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was an American lawyer, orator and politician. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the History of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, running ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , David H. Mercer , , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

George de Rue Meiklejohn George de Rue Meiklejohn (; August 26, 1857 – April 19, 1929) was an American politician who served as the fifth lieutenant governor of Nebraska under Governor John Milton Thayer and a member of the United States House of Representatives for Ne ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Eugene Jerome Hainer Eugene Jerome Hainer (August 16, 1851 – March 17, 1929) was an American Republican Party politician. Born in Pécs, Hungary in 1851, he immigrated to the United States with his parents settling in Columbia, Missouri, in 1854. He later moved ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William A. McKeighan William Arthur McKeighan (January 19, 1842 – December 15, 1895) was an American politician. McKeighan was born in Millville, New Jersey. He moved with his parents to Fulton County, Illinois, in 1848. He enlisted in the 11th Regiment Illin ...

, , Populist ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Omer Madison Kem , , Populist ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

, - ! ,

Martin N. Johnson Martin Nelson Johnson (March 3, 1850October 21, 1909) was an American attorney and politician who served as a United States representative and senator from North Dakota. Early life and education Born to Norwegian immigrants in Racine County, Wisc ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Ohio

, - ! , Bellamy Storer , , Republican ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Jacob H. Bromwell Jacob Henry Bromwell (May 11, 1848 – June 4, 1924) was a United States House of Representatives, U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1894 to 1903. Biography Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Bromwell resided during his boyhood in Newport, Kentucky. H ...

, , Republican , 1894 (s) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Paul J. Sorg Paul John Sorg (September 23, 1840 – May 28, 1902) was a businessman and member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio from 1894 to 1897. Biography He was born in Wheeling, Virginia (now West Virginia) on September 23, 1840. ...

, , Democratic , 1894 (s) , Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Fernando C. Layton , , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Dennis D. Donovan , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

George W. Hulick George Washington Hulick (June 29, 1833 – August 13, 1907) was a teacher, lawyer, soldier, judge, and a two-term U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1893 to 1897. Biography Born in Batavia, Ohio, Hulick attended the public schools and gradu ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , George W. Wilson , , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Luther M. Strong Luther Martin Strong (June 23, 1838 – April 26, 1903) was an American lawyer, jurist, and veteran of the Civil War who served two terms as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1893 to 1897. Biography Born near Tiffin, Ohio, Strong attended ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Byron F. Ritchie Byron Foster Ritchie (January 29, 1853 – August 22, 1928) was an American lawyer and politician who served one term as a United States House of Representatives, U.S. representative from Ohio from 1893 to 1895. He was the son of James Monroe ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Hezekiah S. Bundy Hezekiah Sanford Bundy (August 15, 1817 – December 12, 1895) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio. Biography Born in Marietta, Ohio, Bundy moved with his parents to Athens County in 1819. He attended the public schools. He engaged in agricult ...

, , Republican , 1893 (s) , , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Charles H. Grosvenor Charles Henry Grosvenor (September 20, 1833 – October 30, 1917) was a multiple-term U.S. Representative from Ohio, as well as a brigade commander in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Biography Grosvenor was born in Pomfret, C ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Joseph H. Outhwaite Joseph Hodson Outhwaite (December 5, 1841 – December 9, 1907) was an American educator, lawyer and politician who served five terms as a U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1885 to 1895. Early life and career Born in Cleveland, Ohio, Outhwait ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Darius D. Hare Darius Dodge Hare (January 9, 1843 – February 10, 1897) was a soldier, lawyer, and a two-term U.S. Representative from Ohio from 1891 to 1895. Biography Born near Adrian, Ohio, Hare attended the common schools. During the Civil War, he en ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Michael D. Harter , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

H. Clay Van Voorhis Henry Clay Van Voorhis (May 11, 1852 – December 12, 1927) was a United States Congressman from Muskingum Co., Ohio. Biography He was born to Daniel and Jane (Roberts) Van Voorhis in Nashport, Ohio. His father moved to Muskingum Co., Ohio f ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , Albert J. Pearson , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

James A. D. Richards James Alexander Dudley Richards (March 22, 1845 – December 4, 1911) was an American lawyer and politician who served as a U.S. Representative from Ohio for one term from 1893 to 1895. Early life and career Richards was born in Boston, Massa ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

George P. Ikirt George Pierce Ikirt (November 3, 1852 – February 12, 1927) was an American physician and politician who served one term as a United States representative from Ohio from 1893 to 1895. Early life and education He was born near West Beaver ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Stephen A. Northway , , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , William J. White , , Republican ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Tom L. Johnson Tom Loftin Johnson (July 18, 1854 – April 10, 1911) was an American industrialist, Georgist politician, and important figure of the Progressive Era and a pioneer in urban political and social reform. He was a U.S. Representative from 1891 to ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap ,

Oregon

, - ! , Binger Hermann , , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

William R. Ellis William Russell Ellis (April 23, 1850 – January 18, 1915) was an American educator, attorney and politician in the state of Oregon. A native of Indiana, he grew up in Iowa before moving to Oregon where he worked as a school superintendent a ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

, - ! rowspan=2 , ,

James F. Izlar James Ferdinand Izlar (November 25, 1832 – May 26, 1912) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina. He was also a slave owner. Biography Born near Orangeburg, South Carolina, Izlar attended the common schools. He graduated from Emory C ...

, , Democratic , 1894 , , Incumbent retired.
Democratic loss. , rowspan=2 nowrap , , - ,

George W. Murray George Washington Murray (September 22, 1853 – April 21, 1926), born into slavery in South Carolina, gained education and worked as a teacher, farmer and politician. After serving as chairman of the Sumter County Republican Party, he was ele ...

, , Republican ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Democratic gain.
Murray successfully challenged Elliott's election and was awarded the seat on June 4, 1896. , - ! ,

W. Jasper Talbert William Jasper Talbert (October 6, 1846 – February 5, 1931) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina. Early life Born near Edgefield County, South Carolina, in Talbert Township in what is now Mccormick County, South Carolina. He attend ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Asbury Latimer Asbury Churchwell Latimer (July 31, 1851February 20, 1908) was a United States representative and Senator from South Carolina. Born near Lowndesville, South Carolina, he attended the common schools, engaged in agricultural pursuits, and in 1880 m ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

George W. Shell George Washington Shell (November 13, 1831 – December 15, 1899) was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina. Life Born near Laurens, South Carolina, Shell attended the common schools and Laurens Academy. He engaged in agricultural pursu ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Democratic hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Thomas J. Strait , , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

John L. McLaurin John Lowndes McLaurin (May 9, 1860 – July 29, 1934) was a United States representative and Senator from South Carolina. He was born in Red Bluff, South Carolina, in Marlboro County, South Carolina and attended schools at Bennettsville, Sou ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! , colspan=3 , None (Open seat due to redistricting) , , New member elected.
Democratic gain.
The election was voided on June 1, 1896 due to electoral fraud. , nowrap ,

South Dakota

, - ! rowspan=2 ,
,

John Pickler John Alfred Pickler (January 24, 1844 - June 13, 1910) was an American politician. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives. Biography Pickler was born in Salem, Indiana, and moved to Davis County, Iowa in his youth. H ...

, , Republican ,

1889 Events January–March * January 1 ** The total solar eclipse of January 1, 1889 is seen over parts of California and Nevada. ** Paiute spiritual leader Wovoka experiences a vision, leading to the start of the Ghost Dance movement in the ...

, Incumbent re-elected. , rowspan=2 nowrap , , - , William V. Lucas , , Republican ,

, , Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold.

Tennessee

, - ! ,

Alfred A. Taylor Alfred Alexander Taylor (August 6, 1848 – November 25, 1931), known as Alf Taylor, was an American politician and lecturer from eastern Tennessee. He served as the 34th governor of Tennessee from 1921 to 1923, one of three Republican Party (Unit ...

, , Republican ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

John C. Houk John Chiles Houk (February 26, 1860 – June 3, 1923) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 2nd congressional district of Tennessee. Biography Houk was born in Clinton, Tennessee in Anders ...

, , Republican , 1891 (special) , , Incumbent lost re-election as an Independent Republican.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Henry C. Snodgrass Henry Clay Snodgrass (March 29, 1848April 22, 1931) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 3rd congressional district of Tennessee. Biography Snodgrass was born on March 29, 1848 near Spar ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Benton McMillin , , Democratic ,

1878 Events January–March * January 5 – Russo-Turkish War – Battle of Shipka Pass IV: Russian and Bulgarian forces defeat the Ottoman Empire. * January 9 – Umberto I becomes King of Italy. * January 17 – Battle o ...

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

James D. Richardson James Daniel Richardson (March 10, 1843 – July 24, 1914) was an American politician and a Democrat from Tennessee for Tennessee's 5th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1885 through 1905. Early life and e ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Joseph E. Washington Joseph Edwin Washington (November 10, 1851 – August 28, 1915) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 6th congressional district of Tennessee. Early life Washington was born on November 10 ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Nicholas N. Cox Nicholas Nichols Cox (January 6, 1837 – May 2, 1912) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the Tennessee's 7th congressional district. Biography Cox was born in Bedford County, Tennessee on ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Benjamin A. Enloe Benjamin Augustine Enloe (January 18, 1848 – July 8, 1922) was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 8th congressional district of Tennessee. Biography Enloe was born on January 18, 1848, in ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , James C. McDearmon , , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Josiah Patterson Josiah Patterson (April 14, 1837 – February 10, 1904) was a Confederate soldier, political figure, and a member of the United States House of Representatives for the 10th District of Tennessee. Biography Patterson was born in Morgan County, ...

, , Democratic ,

, Incumbent re-elected. ,

Texas

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

, - ! ,

John O. Pendleton John Overton Pendleton (July 4, 1851 – December 24, 1916) was a U.S. Representative from West Virginia. Biography Pendleton was born in Wellsburg, West Virginia (then part of Virginia), the son of Confederate veteran Joseph H. Pendleton and Mar ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost renomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

John D. Alderson John D. Alderson (November 29, 1854December 5, 1910) was a lawyer and Democratic politician from West Virginia who served as a United States representative from West Virginia. Biography He was born at Nicholas Court House, Virginia (now Summ ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , James Capehart , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent retired.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap ,

Wisconsin

Wisconsin elected ten members of congress on Election Day, November 6, 1894. , - ! ,

Henry Allen Cooper Henry Allen Cooper (September 8, 1850 – March 1, 1931) was a U.S. Representative from Wisconsin. Early life Cooper was born in Spring Prairie, Wisconsin, son of former Free Soil Party State Representative Joel H. Cooper, a physician. In ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Charles Barwig Charles Barwig (March 19, 1837February 15, 1912) was a German American immigrant, businessman, and Democratic politician. He served three terms in the United States House of Representatives, representing the east-central part of Wisconsin. B ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Joseph W. Babcock Joseph Weeks Babcock (March 6, 1850 – April 27, 1909) was a seven-term Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Wisconsin. Born in Swanton, Vermont. Babcock was the grandson of Joseph Weeks, a Congressman from Verm ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Peter J. Somers Peter J. Somers (April 12, 1850 – February 15, 1924) was an Irish-American mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin and member of the United States House of Representatives. Biography Somers was born in Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin on April 12, 1850. H ...

, , Democratic ,

1893 Events January–March * January 2 – Webb C. Ball introduces railroad chronometers, which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America. * Mark Twain started writing Puddn'head Wilson. * January 6 – Th ...

, , Incumbent declined re-nomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

George H. Brickner George H. Brickner (January 21, 1834 – August 12, 1904) was a German-born American Democratic politician. He was born in Ansbach, Bavaria, in what is now Germany. He immigrated to the United States in 1840 with his parents, settling in Seneca ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent declined re-nomination.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Owen A. Wells Owen Augustine Wells (February 4, 1844 – January 29, 1935) was a U.S. Representative from Wisconsin. Born in Catskill, New York, Wells moved with his parents to a farm near Empire, Wisconsin, in 1850. He attended public and private schools. ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

, , Republican ,

, , Incumbent died August 27, 1894.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap , , - ! , Lyman E. Barnes , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! , Thomas Lynch , , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap , , - ! ,

Nils P. Haugen Nils Pederson Haugen (March 9, 1849April 23, 1931) was a Norwegian American immigrant, lawyer, and politician. He served four terms in the United States House of Representatives, representing western Wisconsin. He was a leading member of the Pr ...

, , Republican ,

, , Incumbent declined re-nomination.
New member elected.
Republican hold. , nowrap ,

Wyoming

, - ! ,

Henry A. Coffeen Henry Asa Coffeen (February 14, 1841 – December 9, 1912) was an American politician who served as Wyoming's United States Representative as a Democrat. Life Henry Asa Coffeen was born on February 14, 1841, in Gallipolis, Ohio to Alvah P. Cof ...

, , Democratic ,

, , Incumbent lost re-election.
New member elected.
Republican gain. , nowrap ,

Non-voting delegates

Oklahoma Territory

, - ! ,

Dennis T. Flynn Dennis Thomas Flynn (February 13, 1861 – June 19, 1939) was an American politician and a Delegate from Oklahoma Territory to the United States House of Representatives. Biography Flynn was born in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, on February 13, ...

, , Republican ,

, Incumbent re-elected. , nowrap ,

Notes

References

Bibliography

* Republican Congressional Committee
''Republican Campaign Text Book: 1894''
(1894). * Jensen, Richard. ''The Winning of the Midwest: Social and Political Conflict, 1888–1896'' (1971). * * * *

External links

Office of the Historian
(Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives) {{United States House of Representatives elections

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Non-voting delegates

Oklahoma Territory

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

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