Events

January–March

* January 5 – A violent Java earthquake damages the city of Batavia on the Indonesian island of Java, killing at least 28 people *

January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. * 1156 &ndas ...

– The Parliament of England (under Tory dominance) limits the size of the country's standing army to 7,000 'native born' men; hence, King William III's Dutch Blue Guards cannot serve in the line. By an Act of

February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Mon ...

, it also requires disbandment of foreign troops in Ireland. * January 26 – The Republic of Venice, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Holy Roman Empire sign the Treaty of Karlowitz with the Ottoman Empire, marking an end to the major phase of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars. The treaty marks a major geopolitical shift, as the Ottoman Empire subsequently abandons its expansionism and adopts a defensive posture while the

Habsburg monarchy The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...

expands its influence. *

February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...

– The first paper money in America is issued by the colony of Massachusetts, to pay its soldiers fighting against Quebec *

February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...

– 350 rebellious Streltsy are executed in Moscow. * March 2 – '' The Edinburgh Gazette'' is first published in Scotland. * March 4 – Jews are expelled from Lübeck, Germany. * March 26 – The first performance of '' Amadis de Grèce'', an opera by French composer André Cardinal Destouches, takes place at the Académie Royale de Musique, Paris. *

March 31 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine the Great, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. *1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at V� ...

– Total solar eclipse visible across the southern Indian Ocean

April–June

April 13 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. 1601–1900 *1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...

– The 10th Sikh guru,

Guru Gobind Singh Guru Gobind Singh (; 22 December 1666 – 7 October 1708), born Gobind Das or Gobind Rai the tenth Sikh Guru, a spiritual master, warrior, poet and philosopher. When his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur, was executed by Aurangzeb, Guru Gobind Sing ...

, creates the '' Khalsa'' at Anandpur Sahib. * May 1 – Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville founds the first European settlement in the Mississippi River Valley, at Fort Maurepas ( Ocean Springs, Mississippi). *

May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. *1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edw ...

– Billingsgate Fish Market in London is sanctioned as a permanent institution by an Act of Parliament, with the provision "that after the tenth of May, 1699, Billingsgate Market should be, every day in the week except Sunday, a free and open market for all sorts of fish, and that it should be lawful for any person to buy or sell any sort of fish without disturbance." * June 11 – England, France and the Dutch Republic agree on the terms of the Treaty of London (1700) (Second Partition Treaty) for Spain. * June 14 – Thomas Savery demonstrates his first

steam pump A pump is a device that moves fluids ( liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they ...

to the Royal Society of London.

July–September

* July 6 – Pirate Captain William Kidd is arrested and imprisoned in Boston, Massachusetts. * July 26 – William Dampier's expedition to New Holland (Australia), in HMS ''Roebuck'', reaches Dirk Hartog Island, at the mouth of what he calls

Shark Bay Shark Bay (Malgana: ''Gathaagudu'', "two waters") is a World Heritage Site in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia. The http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/places/world/shark-bay area is located approximately north of Perth, on the ...

in Western Australia, and he begins producing the first known detailed record of Australian flora and fauna. * August 25 –

Christian V Christian V (15 April 1646 25 August 1699) was king of Denmark and Norway from 1670 until his death in 1699. Well-regarded by the common people, he was the first king anointed at Frederiksborg Castle chapel as absolute monarch since the decree ...

, King of

Denmark–Norway Denmark–Norway (Danish and Norwegian: ) was an early modern multi-national and multi-lingual real unionFeldbæk 1998:11 consisting of the Kingdom of Denmark, the Kingdom of Norway (including the then Norwegian overseas possessions: the Faroe I ...

since

1670 Events January–March * January 17 – Raphael Levy, a Jewish resident of the city of Metz in France is burned at the stake after having been accused of the September 25 abduction and ritual murder of a small child who had disa ...

, dies and is succeeded by his son, Frederick IV (to

1730 Events January–March * January 30 (January 19 O.S.) – At dawn, Emperor Peter II of Russia dies of smallpox, aged 14 in Moscow, on the eve of his projected marriage. * February 26 (February 15 O.S.) – Anna of Russia (Ann ...

). *

September 23 Events Pre-1600 * 38 – Drusilla, Caligula's sister who died in June, with whom the emperor is said to have an incestuous relationship, is deified. * 1122 – Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat ...

– Total solar eclipse visible in the northern hemisphere across Europe, the Middle East and north India

October–December

* October 3 – The ''Liverpool Merchant'', the first slave ship from the port of Liverpool in England, departs to imprison captured West Africans and transport them to the British colonies, arriving in Barbados on September 18, 1700 with 220 slaves. * October 11 – The opera ''Marthésie, première reine des Amazones'' (''Marthesia, First Queen of the Amazons''), composed by André Cardinal Destouches, is performed for the first time, premiering at

Fontainebleau Fontainebleau (; ) is a commune in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is located south-southeast of the centre of Paris. Fontainebleau is a sub-prefecture of the Seine-et-Marne department, and it is the seat of the ''arrondissement ...

near Paris. * October – An edict by King Louis XIV establishes an office of police magistrate in almost every village in France, with the title of ''lieutenant general de police'' created.Philip Dawson, ''Provincial Magistrates and Revolutionary Politics in France, 1789-1795'' (Harvard University Press, 1972) p. 51 * November 22 – The Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye, negotiated by Johann Patkul, is signed at a palace of the Tsar of Russia

Peter the Great Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...

, and representatives of Augustus the Strong, Elector of Saxony,

King of Poland Poland was ruled at various times either by dukes and princes (10th to 14th centuries) or by kings (11th to 18th centuries). During the latter period, a tradition of free election of monarchs made it a uniquely electable position in Europe (16t ...

and Elector of Saxony to provide for the partition of Swedish Empire between Saxony, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Kingdom of Denmark and the Russian Empire. The attack on Sweden, which takes place on February 22, starts the Great Northern War. * December 3 – Baron Jacob Hop is appointed as the treasurer-general of The Hague. * December 10 – A major ice storm shuts down the city of Boston for a week and freezing rain brings down many tree branches and causes severe damage to orchards. * December 20 –

orders the Russian New Year changed, from

1 September Events Pre-1600 * 1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated. * 1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of Ancon ...

1 January January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. ...

Births

Maurice Quentin de La Tour, Hubert-François Gravelot, 1769, MBA Bordeaux RF 1943

Jeanne-Françoise Quinault by Pirodon after Quentin de La Tour

January–March

January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empi ...

– FitzRoy Henry Lee, British officer of the Royal Navy, Commodore Governor of the Colony of Newfoundland (d.

1750 Various sources, including the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, use the year 1750 as a baseline year for the end of the pre-industrial era. Events January–March * January 13 – The Treaty of Madrid between Spain ...

) *

January 9 Events Pre-1600 * 681 – Twelfth Council of Toledo: King Erwig of the Visigoths initiates a council in which he implements diverse measures against the Jews in Spain. *1127 – Jin–Song Wars: Invading Jurchen soldiers from the J ...

** Christian Tobias Damm, renowned German Classical philologist (d.

1778 Events January–March * January 18 – Third voyage of James Cook: Captain James Cook, with ships HMS ''Resolution'' and HMS ''Discovery'', first views Oahu then Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands of the Pacific Ocean, which he na ...

) ** Robert Joseph Pothier, French jurist (d.

1772 Events January–March * January 10 – Shah Alam II, the Mughal Emperor of India, makes a triumphant return to Delhi 15 years after having been forced to flee. * January 17 – Johann Friedrich Struensee and Queen Carolin ...

) * January 11 –

Friedrich Wilhelm Quirin von Forcade de Biaix Friedrich Wilhelm Quirin von Forcade de Biaix,Lehmann, Band 1, Page 34, Nr. 24(in German)/ref> baptized ''Quirin Frideric de Forcade,'' aka ''Friedrich Quirin von Forcade,'' aka ''Frédéric Quérin de Forcade''Tollinen, Band III, Abteilung 1B, Pa ...

, Royal Prussian Lieutenant General (d.

1765 Events January–March * January 23 – Prince Joseph of Austria marries Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria in Vienna. * January 29 – One week before his death, Mir Jafar, who had been enthroned as the Nawab of Bengal and ru ...

) *

January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...

– Jakob Adlung, German organist, teacher, instrument maker, music historian, composer and music theorist (d.

1762 Events January–March * January 4 – Britain enters the Seven Years' War against Spain and Naples. * January 5 – Empress Elisabeth of Russia dies, and is succeeded by her nephew Peter III. Peter, an admirer of Frederick t ...

) *

January 16 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire. * 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spear ...

– Franz Christoph Anton, Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, member of the House of Hohenzollern (d.

1767 Events January–March * January 1 – The first annual volume of ''The Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris'', produced by British Astronomer Royal Nevil Maskelyne at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, gives navigators the ...

) *

– Thomas Hervey, politician (d.

1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...

) *

January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...

–

Infanta Francisca Josefa of Portugal Infanta Francisca Josefa Maria Xaviera(; ) (30 January 1699 – 15 July 1736) was a Portuguese '' infanta'' (princess) and the last of eight children of King Peter II of Portugal and his second wife Marie Sophie of Neuburg. Francisca Josef ...

, Portuguese princess, the last of eight children of King Peter II of Portugal (d.

1736 Events January–March * January 12 – George Hamilton, 1st Earl of Orkney, becomes the first Field Marshal of Great Britain. * January 23 – The Civil Code of 1734 is passed in Sweden. * January 26 – Stanislaus I of Pol ...

) * January 31 – Mathias Haydn, father of two famous composers (d.

1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...

) *

February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of "Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King ...

– Hugh MacDonald, Roman Catholic bishop, Vicar Apostolic of the Highland District of Scotland 1731–1773 (d.

1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...

) * February 9 –

Étienne Jeaurat Étienne Jeaurat (9 February 1699, Vermenton – 14 December 1789, Versailles (city), Versailles) was a French painter, above all remembered for his lively street scenes. Early life Born in Vermenton near Auxerre, Jeaurat became an orphan at an ...

, French painter (d.

1789 Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election a ...

) * February 10 – George Bowman, 18th-century American pioneer (d.

1768 Events January–March * January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London. * February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House of Rep ...

) *

February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...

** Bertrand-François Mahé de La Bourdonnais, French naval officer and colonial administrator (d.

1753 Events January–March * January 3 – King Binnya Dala of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom orders the burning of Ava, the former capital of the Kingdom of Burma. * January 29 – After a month's absence, Elizabeth Canning returns ...

) ** Samuel Heathcote, British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1740 to 1747 (d.

) *

February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...

– Odet-Joseph Giry, French clergyman (d.

1761 Events January–March * January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, and restore the Mughal Empire to Shah Alam II. * January 16 – Siege of Pondi ...

) *

February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...

–

Giovanni Maria Morlaiter Giovanni Maria Morlaiter (15 February 1699 – 22 February 1781) was an Italian sculptor of the Rococo or late-Baroque, active mainly in his native Venice. Biography Almost all the sculpture in the church of the Gesuati, Venice is the work of M ...

, Italian sculptor of the Rococo or late-Baroque (d.

1782 Events January–March * January 7 – The first American commercial bank (Bank of North America) opens. * January 15 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the United States Congress to recommend establish ...

) *

February 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau. * 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons of ...

– Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff, painter and architect in Prussia (d.

) *

February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. * 1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of Scottish Independence. * 13 ...

– Giuseppe Pascaletti, Italian painter (d.

1757 Events January–March * January 2 – Seven Years' War: The British Army, under the command of Robert Clive, captures Calcutta, India. * January 5 – Robert-François Damiens makes an unsuccessful assassination attempt ...

) * March 3 – Georg Detlev von Flemming, General in Polish-Saxon service (d.

1771 Events January– March * January 5 – The Great Kalmyk (Torghut) Migration is led by Ubashi Khan, from the east bank of the Lower Volga River back to the homeland of Dzungaria, at this time under Qing Dynasty rule. * January 9 ...

) *

March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...

– António Nunes Ribeiro Sanches, 18th-century Portuguese physician (d.

1783 Events January–March * January 20 – At Versailles, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain. * January 23 – The Confederation Congress ratifies two October 8, ...

) * March 8 –

Johan Friederich Wewer Johan Friederich Wewer (8 March 1699 – 9 May 1759) was a Danish merchant and ship-owner. He was a co-founder of Fabritius & Wewer and was also active in the Danish West India Company, Danish Asia Company, Danish Africa Company and the Royal Green ...

, Danish merchant and ship-owner (d.

1759 In Great Britain, this year was known as the ''Annus Mirabilis'', because of British victories in the Seven Years' War. Events January–March * January 6 – George Washington marries Martha Dandridge Custis. * January 11 &ndas ...

) * March 13 –

Jacob Faggot Jacob (; ; ar, يَعْقُوب, Yaʿqūb; gr, Ἰακώβ, Iakṓb), later given the name Israel, is regarded as a patriarch of the Israelites and is an important figure in Abrahamic religions, such as Judaism, Christianity, and Isla ...

, Swedish scientist, civil servant and surveyor (d.

1777 Events January–March * January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...

) * March 17 ** Radu Cantacuzino, 18th-century Romanian prince (d.

) **

Charles O'Brien, 6th Viscount Clare Charles O'Brien, (17 March 16999 September 1761), 6th Viscount Clare (titular 9th Earl of Thomond) was an Irish military officer in French service, known to posterity as the Marshal of France, Maréchal de Thomond. Charles O'Brien was the son o ...

, Irish military officer in French service (d.

) * March 23 –

John Bartram John Bartram (March 23, 1699 – September 22, 1777) was an American botanist, horticulturist, and explorer, based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for most of his career. Swedish botanist and taxonomist Carl Linnaeus said he was the "greatest na ...

, American botanist (d.

) * March 24 **

David Renaud Boullier David Renaud Boullier (24 March 1699 – 23 December 1759) was a Dutch Huguenot theologian, Protestant minister and philosopher. Biography Boullier was born in Utrecht on 24 March 1699. He was educated at Utrech University.1759 In Great Britain, this year was known as the ''Annus Mirabilis'', because of British victories in the Seven Years' War. Events January–March * January 6 – George Washington marries Martha Dandridge Custis. * January 11 &ndas ...

) ** Paul Gottlieb Werlhof, German physician and poet who was a native of Helmstedt (d.

) *

March 25 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Italian city Venice is founded with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo di Rialto on the islet of Rialto. * 708 – Pope Constantine becomes the 88th pope. He would be the last pope to vi ...

** James Calthorpe, Yeoman of the Removing Wardrobe (d.

1784 Events January–March * January 6 – Treaty of Constantinople: The Ottoman Empire agrees to Russia's annexation of the Crimea. * January 14 – The Congress of the United States ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Brit ...

) ** Johann Adolph Hasse, German composer (d.

) * March 26 – Hubert-François Gravelot, French engraver (d.

) * March 30 – Edward Stradling, Welsh politician (d.

1726 Events January–March * January 23 – (January 12 Old Style) The Conventicle Act (''Konventikelplakatet'') is adopted in Sweden, outlawing all non-Lutheran religious meetings outside of church services. * January 26 – ...

) *

– Françoise-Louise de Warens, benefactress and mistress of Jean-Jacques Rousseau (d.

)

April–June

* April 3 – Jean-Baptiste Forqueray, player of the viol and a composer (d.

) * April 10 –

Catharina Sperling-Heckel Catharina Sperling-Heckel (10 April 1699 - 28 May 1741) was a German miniature painter, etcher and engraver. Life and work Catharina Heckel was born in April 1699 in Augsburg. Her father was Michael Heckel. He was a goldsmith and taught Heckel ...

, German miniature painter (d.

1741 Events January–March * January 13 – Lanesborough, Massachusetts is created as a township. * February 13 – Sir Robert Walpole, the Prime Minister of Great Britain, popularizes the term "the balance of power" in a spe ...

) *

– Alexander Ross, Scottish poet (d.

) * April 14 – Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (d.

) * April 17 – Robert Blair, Scottish poet and cleric (d.

1746 Events January–March * January 8 – The Young Pretender Charles Edward Stuart occupies Stirling, Scotland. * January 17 – Battle of Falkirk Muir: British Government forces are defeated by Jacobite forces. * February 1 ...

) * April 19 –

Valentin Metzinger Jean-Valentin Metzinger (19 April 1699, Saint-Avold – 12 March 1759, Ljubljana) was a French-born Austrian-Slovenian painter, in the Baroque style. Life and work His ancestors were originally from Italy. He was one of twelve children born ...

, French-born Austrian-Slovenian painter (d.

) * April 20 – Sir Thomas Lowther, 2nd Baronet, English landowner (d.

1745 Events January–March * January 7 – War of the Austrian Succession: The Austrian Army, under the command of Field Marshal Károly József Batthyány, makes a surprise attack at Amberg and the winter quarters of the Bavaria ...

) * April 25 –

Johann Gottlieb Siegel Johann Gottlieb Siegel (25 April 1699 - 1755) was a German legal scholar. Life Gottlieb was born on 25 April 1699 in Klosterhäseler, Saxony-Anhalt, the son of Pastor Johann Georg Siegel (1692-1728) and his wife Amanda Helen Elizabeth, daughter ...

, German legal scholar (d.

1755 Events January–March * January 23 (O. S. January 12, Tatiana Day, nowadays celebrated on January 25) – Moscow University is established. * February 13 – The kingdom of Mataram on Java is divided in two, creating the ...

) *

April 27 Events Pre-1600 * 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''. * 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...

** Thomas Belasyse, 1st Earl Fauconberg, British peer (d.

1774 Events January–March * January 21 – Mustafa III, List of Ottoman Sultans, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, dies and is succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I. * January 27 ** An angry crowd in Boston, Massachusetts seizes, tars, and f ...

) **

Jacopo Stellini Jacopo Stellini (27 April 1699 – 27 March 1770) was an Italian abbot, polymath writer and philosopher. Born in Cividale del Friuli to a family of modest means; his father was a tailor. Stellini was first educated by the Somaschi order, and he ...

, Italian abbot (d.

1770 Events January– March * January 1 – The foundation of Fort George, Bombay is laid by Colonel Keating, principal engineer, on the site of the former Dongri Fort. * February 1 – Thomas Jefferson's home at Shadwell, Virgi ...

) ** Albert Wolfgang, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe, ruler of the County of Schaumburg-Lippe (d.

1748 Events January–March * January 12 – Ahmad Shah Durrani captures Lahore. * January 27 – A fire at the prison and barracks at Kinsale, in Ireland, kills 54 of the prisoners of war housed there. An estimated 500 prison ...

) * April 28 – Joseph Spence, historian (d.

) * May 2 –

Daniel Betts Jr. Daniel Betts Jr. (May 2, 1699 – Jul. 10, 1783) was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives The Connecticut State House of Representatives is the lower house in the Connecticut General Assembly, the state legislature (United Sta ...

, member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from Norwalk (d.

) * May 13 – Marquis of Pombal, Prime Minister of Portugal (d.

) * May 14 ** Ryk Tulbagh, Governor of the Dutch Cape Colony (d.

) ** Hans Joachim von Zieten, Prussian field marshal (d.

1786 Events January–March * January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed, between the United States and the Choctaw. * January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of Englan ...

) * May 15 – Sampson Lloyd, English iron manufacturer and banker, who co-founded Lloyds Bank (d.

1779 Events January–March * January 11 – British troops surrender to the Marathas in Wadgaon, India, and are forced to return all territories acquired since 1773. * January 11 – Ching-Thang Khomba is crowned King of Manip ...

) * May 23 – William Parks, 18th-century printer and journalist in England and Colonial America (d.

) *

May 24 Events Pre-1600 * 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom. * 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. * 1276 – Magnus La ...

– Adam Ignacy Komorowski, Polish Roman Catholic archbishop (d.

) * May 25 ** Pattee Byng, 2nd Viscount Torrington, British Army officer and politician (d.

1747 Events January–March * January 31 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital. * February 11 – King George's War: A combined French and Indian force, commanded by Captain Nicolas Antoine II Coul ...

) ** Anna Leszczyńska, eldest child of Stanisław Leszczyński and Catherine Opalińska (d.

1717 Events January–March * January 1 – Count Carl Gyllenborg, the Swedish ambassador to the Kingdom of Great Britain, is arrested in London over a plot to assist the Pretender to the British throne, James Francis Edward Stuart. * Ja ...

) * May 26 – Nikita Trubetskoy, Russian statesman, Field Marshal, minister of defense of Russia (d.

) * May 28 – Laurent Cars, French designer and engraver (d.

) * May 29 – Pierre Rémond de Sainte-Albine, 18th-century French historian and playwright (d.

) * May 31 –

Alexander Cruden Alexander Cruden (31 May 16991 November 1770) was the Scottish author of an early concordance to the Bible, a proofreader and publisher, and self-styled Corrector of the nation's morals. Early life and career Alexander Cruden was born in Aber ...

, Scottish author of an early concordance to the Bible (d.

) * June 4 – William Moore, Banbury MP (d.

) *

June 6 Events Pre-1600 * 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...

** Johann Georg Estor, German theorist of public law (d.

) **

Alamgir II Aziz-ud-Din Muhammad (6 June 1699 – 29 November 1759), better known as Alamgir II, was the fifteenth Mughal Emperor of India, who reigned from 3 June 1754 to 29 November 1759. He was the son of Jahandar Shah. Born Aziz-ud-Din, the second s ...

, the fifteenth Mughal Emperor of India (d.

) * June 17 –

François-Alexandre Aubert de La Chesnaye Des Bois François Alexandre Aubert de La Chenaye-Desbois (17 June 1699 – 29 February 1783)

, French writer, genealogist and compiler (d.

) *

June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...

– William Gustav of Anhalt-Dessau, German prince of the House of Ascania, heir to the principality of Anhalt-Dessau (d.

1737 Events January–March * January 5 – Spain and the Holy Roman Empire sign instruments of cession at Pontremoli in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in Italy, with the Empire receiving control of Tuscany and the Grand Duchy of Parma an ...

) * June 26 –

Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin (, née Rodet; 26 June 1699 – 6 October 1777) was a French salon holder who has been referred to as one of the leading female figures in the French Enlightenment. From 1750 to 1777, Madame Geoffrin played hos ...

, French salon holder (d.

)

July–September

* July 14 ** Vere Beauclerk, 1st Baron Vere, Royal Navy officer, British peer and MP (d.

1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn in Eng ...

) ** Philipp Ludwig von Sinzendorf, Austrian cardinal of the Catholic Church (d.

) * July 15 ** Richard Crowle, Yorkshire lawyer and a Member of Parliament for Kingston upon Hull (d.

) ** Henrietta Knight, Lady Luxborough, English poet and letter writer, now mainly remembered as a gardener (d.

1756 Events January–March * January 16 – The Treaty of Westminster is signed between Great Britain and Prussia, guaranteeing the neutrality of the Kingdom of Hanover, controlled by King George II of Great Britain. *February 7 & ...

) * July 18 –

Barthélemy Hus-Desforges Barthélemy Hus, called Hus-Desforges (18 July 1699 in Bordeaux – 1 September 1786 in Lyon, aged 63) was an 18th-century French comedian and troupe leader. The son of Jérôme Hus and Marguerite Pageot, called Desforges, he was the youngest mem ...

, 18th-century French comedian and troupe leader (d.

) * July 21 – Heinrich XXIX, Count of Reuss-Ebersdorf, member of the House of Reuss Younger Line, Count Ebersdorf from 1711 until his death (d.

) * July 25 – Charles Beckingham, English poet and dramatist (d.

1731 Events January–March * January 8 – An avalanche from the Skafjell mountain causes a massive wave in the Storfjorden fjord in Norway that sinks all boats that happen to be in the water at the time and kills people on both sho ...

) * July 28 ** John Coutts, British merchant and banker who became Lord Provost of Edinburgh in 1742 (d.

) ** Princess Amalia d'Este (d.

) * August 5 – Ferdinand Maria Innocenz of Bavaria, Bavarian prince and an Imperial Field marshal (d.

1738 Events January–March * January 1 – At least 664 African slaves drown, when the Dutch West Indies Company slave ship ''Leusden'' capsizes and sinks in the Maroni River, during its arrival in Surinam. The Dutch crew escape ...

) * August 10 – Christoph Gottlieb Schröter, German composer and organist (d.

) * August 25 – Charles Étienne Louis Camus, French mathematician and mechanician born at Crécy-en-Brie (d.

) * August 29 – Mastani, daughter of Chhatrasal and Ruhani Bai Begum (d.

1740 Events January–March * January 8 – All 237 crewmen on the Dutch East India Company ship ''Rooswijk'' are drowned, when the vessel strikes the shoals of Goodwin Sands, off of the coast of England, as it is beginning its secon ...

) * August 30 –

James Wemyss, 5th Earl of Wemyss James Wemyss, 5th Earl of Wemyss (30 August 169921 March 1756) was the son of David Wemyss, 4th Earl of Wemyss. On 17 September 1720, he married Janet Charteris, heiress of the great Colonel Francis Charteris, and they had four children: *David ...

, son of David Wemyss (d.

) * September 1 – George Benson, English Presbyterian pastor and theologian (d.

) * September 2 – Elizabeth Younger, actress and dancer (d.

) * September 11 –

Anna Maria of Liechtenstein Anna Maria Antonie of Liechtenstein (11 September 1699 in Vienna – 20 January 1753 in Vienna), was a princess consort of Liechtenstein; married 19 April 1718 to her cousin prince Joseph Wenzel I, Prince of Liechtenstein Josef Wenzel I (Josef ...

, princess consort of Liechtenstein (d.

) * September 12 – John Martyn, English botanist (d.

) *

September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytus ...

–

Johann Friedrich Ruhe Johann Friedrich Ruhe (28 September 1699, in Halberstadt Halberstadt ( Eastphalian: ''Halverstidde'') is a town in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt, the capital of Harz district. Located north of the Harz mountain range, it is known for its ...

, German composer (d.

1776 Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January 1 ...

) * September 29 – Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore, British nobleman and Proprietary Governor of the Province of Maryland (d.

1751 In Britain and its colonies (except Scotland), 1751 only had 282 days due to the British Calendar Act of 1751, which ended the year on 31 December (rather than nearly three months later according to its previous rule). Events January&nd ...

)

October–December

* October 2 – Ferdinande Henriette, Countess of Stolberg-Gedern (d.

) * October 4 – Vieira Lusitano, Portuguese court painter (d.

) * October 10 –

William Prentis William Prentis (October 10, 1699 – August 4, 1765) was born in England and became the leading merchant of early 18th century Williamsburg, Virginia. He was also the father of John Prentis, who served as mayor of Williamsburg from 1759 to 1760 ...

, merchant in Williamsburg, Virginia (d.

) * October 13 – Jeanne Quinault, French actress and playwright (d.

) * October 21 – Hans Christoph Friedrich Graf von Hacke, Prussian General and Commandant of Berlin (d.

1754 Events January–March * January 28 – Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word ''serendipity''. * February 22 – Expecting an attack by Portuguese-speaking militias in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Pla ...

) * October 23 – John Verney, British barrister, judge, Tory and then Whig politician and MP (d.

) * October 27 – Thomas Fonnereau, British merchant and politician (d.

) * November 2 – Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, French painter (d.

) * November 5 –

Merrik Burrell Sir Merrik Burrell, 1st Baronet (5 November 1699 – 6 April 1787) was a British politician. He was the second son of Peter Burrell and his wife, Isabella Merrik, daughter of John Merrik. He bought West Grinstead Park in 1744. Burrell entered t ...

, British politician (d.

1787 Events January–March * January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for ...

) * November 8 – Sir Erasmus Philipps, 5th Baronet (d.

1743 Events January–March * January 1 – The Verendrye brothers, probably Louis-Joseph and François de La Vérendrye, become the first white people to see the Rocky Mountains from the eastern side (the Spanish conquistadors ...

) *

November 9 Events Pre-1600 * 694 – At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. * 1277 – The Treaty of Aberconwy, a humiliating settlement f ...

– Sir Robert Kemp, 4th Baronet, British landowner, Tory politician and MP (d.

1752 In the British Empire, it was the only leap year with 355 days, as September 3–13 were skipped when the Empire adopted the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 1 – The British Empire (except Scotland, which h ...

) * November 11 ** Ferdinando Fuga, Italian architect (d.

) **

Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah of Johor Paduka Sri Sultan Sulaiman Badr ul-‘Alam Shah Khalifat ul-Muminim ibni Almarhum Sultan ‘Abdu’l Jalil Ri’ayat Shah (11 November 1699 – 20 August 1760) was the 12th Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Johor and Pahang and their dependenci ...

, 12th Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Johor and Pahang and their dependencies who reigned from 1722 to 1760 (d.

1760 Events January–March * January 9 – Battle of Barari Ghat: Afghan forces defeat the Marathas. * January 22 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Wandiwash, India: British general Sir Eyre Coote is victorious over the Fr ...

) ** Natalia Lopukhina, Russian noble (d.

) * November 18 – Gerrit Braamcamp, successful Roman Catholic distiller (d.

) * November 20 –

Antun Kanižlić Antun Kanižlić (20 November 1699, in Požega – 24 August 1777, in Požega) was a Croatian Jesuit and poet. After finishing the gymnasium in Požega, he continued his education in Zagreb, Vienna, and Leoben. He studied theology for three years ...

, Croatian Jesuit and poet (d.

) * November 22 – François de Chennevières, French poet and librettist (d.

) * November 25 – Pierre Subleyras, French painter (d.

1749 Events January–March * January 3 ** Benning Wentworth issues the first of the New Hampshire Grants, leading to the establishment of Vermont. ** The first issue of ''Berlingske'', Denmark's oldest continually operating newspaper, ...

) * November 30 – King Christian VI of Denmark (d.

) * December 2 – John White, English politician who sat in the House of Commons (d.

1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...

) * December 11 – Sarah Chapone, English legal theorist, pamphleteer, and prolific letter writer (d.

1764 1764 ( MDCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday and is the fifth year of the 1760s decade, the 64th year of the 18th century, and the 764th year of the 2nd millennium. Events January–June * January 7 – The Siculicidium is ...

) * December 17 – Charles-Louis Mion, French composer (d.

) * December 19 – William Bowyer, English printer (d.

) * December 29 – Friedrich Ludwig Abresch, Dutch philologist of German origins (d.

)

Deaths

Pietro della Vecchia - Portrait of Erhard Weigel

Hans Rosing - Norsk portrettarkiv - Riksantikvaren - R000243

Portrait de Jean Racine d'après Jean-Baptiste Santerre

January–March

January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...

– Mattia Preti, Italian Baroque artist who worked in Italy and Malta (b.

1613 Events January–June * January 11 – Workers in a sandpit in the Dauphiné region of France discover the skeleton of what is alleged to be a 30-foot tall man (the remains, it is supposed, of the giant Teutobochus, a legendary ...

) *

– Federico Caccia, Cardinal Archbishop of Milan (b.

1635 Events January–March * January 23 – 1635 Capture of Tortuga: The Spanish Navy captures the Caribbean island of Tortuga off of the coast of Haiti after a three-day battle against the English and French Navy. * January 25 ...

) * January 21 –

Obadiah Walker Obadiah Walker (161621 January 1699) was an English academic and Master of University College, Oxford, from 1676 to 1688.

, English writer (b.

1616 Events January–June * January ** Six-year-old António Vieira arrives from Portugal, with his parents, in Bahia (present-day Salvador) in Colonial Brazil, where he will become a diplomat, noted author, leading figure of the Church, an ...

) * January 23 – Kinoshita Jun'an, Japanese philosopher and Confucian scholar (b.

1621 Events January–March * January 12 – Şehzade Mehmed, the 15-year old half-brother of Ottoman Sultan Osman II, is put to death by hanging on Osman's orders. Before dying, Mehmed prays aloud that Osman's reign as Sultan be rui ...

) *

January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to becom ...

– Sir William Temple, 1st Baronet, English statesman and essayist (b.

1628 Events January–March * January 19 – (26 Jumada al-Awwal 1037 A.H.) The reign of Salef-ud-din Muhammad Shahryar as the Mughal Emperor, Shahryar Mirza, comes to an end a little more than two months after the November 7 dea ...

) *

** Thomas Chicheley, English politician (b.

1614 Events January–June * February – King James I of England condemns duels, in his proclamation ''Against Private Challenges and Combats''. * April 5 – Pocahontas is forced into child marriage with English colonist John Rolfe in Ja ...

) ** Manuel Fernández de Santa Cruz, Spanish religious writer, Catholic prelate and bishop (b.

1637 Events January–March * January 5 – Pierre Corneille's tragicomedy ''Le Cid'' is first performed, in Paris, France. * January 16 – The siege of Nagpur ends in what is now the Maharashtra state of India, as Kok Shah, the ...

) ** Countess Charlotte Johanna of Waldeck-Wildungen, daughter of Count Josias II (b.

1664 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral exactly once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+50(L)+10(X)+(-1(I)+5(V)) = 1664). Events January–March * January 5 – In the Battle of Surat in India, the Maratha leader, Chhat ...

) *

February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...

– Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria, son of Maximilian II Emanuel (b.

1692 Events January–March * January 24 – At least 75 residents of what is now York, Maine are killed in the Candlemas Massacre, carried out by French soldiers led by missionary Louis-Pierre Thury, along with a larger force of Abenaki and ...

) * February 18 –

Giovanni Giacomo Cavallerini Giovanni Giacomo Cavallerini (1639–1699) was a Roman Catholic cardinal. Biography Giovanni Giacomo Cavallerini was born on 16 Feb 1639 in Rome. On 30 Jun 1692, he was consecrated bishop by Fabrizio Spada, Cardinal-Priest of San Crisogono, wit ...

, Roman Catholic cardinal (b.

1639 Events January–March * January 14 – Connecticut's first constitution, the Fundamental Orders, is adopted. * January 19 – Hämeenlinna ( sv, Tavastehus) is granted privileges, after it separates from the Vanaja parish, ...

) *

February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. *1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...

– Jean-Baptiste Monnoyer, Franco-Flemish painter who specialised in flower pieces (b.

1636 Events January–March * January 1 – Anthony van Diemen takes office as Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), and will serve until his death in 1645. * January 18 – ''The Duke's Mistress'', the last ...

) *

February 25 Events Pre-1600 * 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor. * 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II. ...

– Lambert Darchis, arts patron from Liège (b.

1625 Events January–March * January 17 – Led by the Duke of Soubise, the Huguenots launch a second rebellion against King Louis XIII, with a surprise naval assault on a French fleet being prepared in Blavet. * February 3 – ...

) *

March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...

Peder Griffenfeld Count Peder Griffenfeld (before ennoblement Peder Schumacher) (24 August 1635 – 12 March 1699) was a Danish statesman and royal favourite. He became the principal adviser to King Christian V of Denmark from 1670 and the ''de facto'' ruler of ...

, Danish statesman (b.

) ** Matsudaira Tsunamasa (b.

1661 Events January–March * January 6 – The Fifth Monarchists, led by Thomas Venner, unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London; George Monck's regiment defeats them. * January 29 – The Rokeby baronets, a British ...

) * March 17 – Serafina of God, founder of seven Carmelite monasteries of nuns in southern Italy (b.

) * March 20 **

Charles Montecatini Charles Montecatini (1615–1699) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Titular Archbishop of ''Chalcedon'' (1690–1699). ''(in Latin)''1615 Events January–June * January 1 – The New Netherland Company is granted a three-year monopoly in North American trade, between the 40th and 45th parallels. * February – Sir Thomas Roe sets out to become the first am ...

) **

Erhard Weigel Erhard Weigel (16 December 1625 – 20 March 1699) was a German mathematician, astronomer and philosopher. Biography Weigel earned his M.A. (1650) and his habilitation (1652) from the University of Leipzig. From 1653 until his death he was profess ...

, German mathematician, astronomer and philosopher (b.

) * March 22 – William Chaloner (b. 1650) * March 27 – Edward Stillingfleet, British theologian and scholar (b.

)

April–June

* April 1 – Peter Pett, English lawyer and author (b.

1630 Events January–March * January 2 – A shoemaker in Turin is found to have the first case of bubonic plague there as the plague of 1630 begins spreading through Italy. * January 5 – A team of Portuguese military advisers ...

) * April 7 – Simon Ford, English divine (b.

1619 Events January–June * January 12 – James I of England's Banqueting House, Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire."Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Co ...

) *

–

Hans Rosing Hans may refer to: __NOTOC__ People * Hans (name), a masculine given name * Hans Raj Hans, Indian singer and politician ** Navraj Hans, Indian singer, actor, entrepreneur, cricket player and performer, son of Hans Raj Hans ** Yuvraj Hans, Punjabi ...

, Norwegian clergyman (b.

) * April 19 – Jacques-Nompar II de Caumont, duc de La Force, French nobleman and peer (b.

1632 Events January–March * January – The Holland's Leguer, a brothel in London, is closed after having been besieged for a month. * February 22 – Galileo's ''Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems'' is pub ...

) *

April 21 Events Pre-1600 *753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...

– Jean Racine, French classic dramatist (b.

) * April 22 **

Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz Hans may refer to: __NOTOC__ People * Hans (name), a masculine given name * Hans Raj Hans, Indian singer and politician ** Navraj Hans, Indian singer, actor, entrepreneur, cricket player and performer, son of Hans Raj Hans ** Yuvraj Hans, Punjabi a ...

, German statesman and poet (b.

1646 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+(-10(X)+50(L))+5(V)+1(I) = 1646). Events January–March * January 5 – The English House of Commons approves a bill to provide for Ireland ...

) **

François-Marie Renaud d'Avène des Meloizes Captain François-Marie Renaud d'Avène des Méloizes (1655 – April 22, 1699) was a French Cavalry officer who came to New France in 1685 in command of the Troupes de marine, Troupes de Marine and led the successful expedition against the Senecas ...

(b.

1655 Events January–March * January 5 – Emperor Go-Sai ascends to the throne of Japan. * January 7 – Pope Innocent X, leader of the Roman Catholic Church and the Papal States, dies after more than 10 years of rule. * Febr ...

) * May 12 –

Lucas Achtschellinck Lucas Achtschellinck (baptized 16 January 1626 – buried 12 May 1699), was a Flemish landscape painter. Lucas Acht ...

, Flemish painter (b.

1626 Events January–March * January 7 – Polish-Swedish War: Battle of Wallhof in Latvia – Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, defeats a Polish army. * January 9 – Peter Minuit sails from Texel Island for America's Ne ...

) * May 15 –

Sir Edward Petre, 3rd Baronet Sir Edward Petre, 3rd Baronet, (1631 – 15 May 1699) was an English Jesuit who became a close adviser to King James II and was appointed a privy councillor. Early life Petre was the son of Sir Francis Petre, 1st Baronet, of Cranham (Essex), he ...

, English Jesuit, privy councillor (b.

1631 Events January–March * January 23 – Thirty Years' War: Sweden and France sign the Treaty of Bärwalde, a military alliance in which France provides funds for the Swedish army invading northern Germany. * February 5 &ndash ...

) *

May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. * 1364 ...

– Christine Charlotte of Württemberg, princess consort of East Frisia by marriage to George Christian (b.

1645 Events January–March * January 3 – The Long Parliament adopts the ''Directory for Public Worship'' in England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland, replacing the Book of Common Prayer (1559). Holy Days (other than Sundays) are not ...

) * May 22 – James Bertie, 1st Earl of Abingdon, English nobleman (b.

1653 Events January–March * January 3 – By the Coonan Cross Oath, the Eastern Church in India cuts itself off from colonial Portuguese tutelage. * January– The Swiss Peasant War begins after magistrates meeting at Lucerne ...

) * May 25 – Bussy Mansell, Welsh Member of the English Parliament (b.

1623 Events January–March * January 21 – **Viscount Falkland, England's Lord Deputy of Ireland, issues a proclamation ordering all Roman Catholic priests to leave Ireland. The order frustrates negotiations between Protestant En ...

) * June 1 –

George II, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard Duke George II of Württemberg-Montbéliard (5 October 1626 in Montbéliard – 1 June 1699 in Montbéliard) was Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard from 1662 until his death. Life George II was a son of the Duke Louis Frederick of Württ ...

, (1662–1699) (b.

) * June 2 –

Henry Frederick, Count of Hohenlohe-Langenburg Henry Frederick, Count of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (7 September 1625 in Langenburg – 2 June 1699 ibid) was the youngest child of Count Philip Ernest of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and his wife Countess Anna Maria of Solms-Sonnewalde. He was head of the h ...

, youngest child of Count Philip Ernest (b.

) * June 13 – Juan Tomás de Rocaberti, Catalan theologian (b. 1627) * June 16 –

Constantin Marselis Constantin Marselis, or Constantijn Marselis (28 November 1647 - 16 June 1699), was a nobleman of the wealthy Dutch Marselis family. Biography Constantin Marselis was born in Amsterdam as the younger son of Gabriel Marselis (1609–1673) an ...

, Danish baron (b.

1647 Events January–March * January 2 – Chinese bandit leader Zhang Xianzhong, who has ruled the Sichuan province since 1644, is killed at Xichong by a Qing archer after having been betrayed one of his officers, Liu Jinzhong. ...

) * June 22 ** Josiah Child, English Governor of the East India Company (b.

) ** Fernando de Meneses, 2nd Count of Ericeira, Portuguese nobleman and military man (b.

)

July–September

July 1 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor. * 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...

** Lodewijck Huygens, Dutch diplomat (b.

) ** Tokugawa Tsunanari, Japanese daimyō (b.

1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...

) * July 2 – Hortense Mancini, favourite Italian niece of Cardinal Mazarin (b.

) * July 3 –

Johann Just Winckelmann Johann Just Winckelmann (19 August 1620 – 3 July 1699) was a German writer and historian. Under his pseudonym Stanislaus Mink von Wennsshein (also Wenusheim, Winusheim) he is known for having introduced a mnemonic system, the Major System (al ...

, German writer and historian (b.

1620 Events January–June * February 4 – Prince Bethlen Gabor signs a peace treaty with Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor. * May 17 – The first merry-go-round is seen at a fair (Philippapolis, Turkey). * June 3 – The ...

) * July 10 – Pier Martire Armani, Italian painter (b.

) * July 19 – Giovanni Delfino, cardinal (b.

1617 Events January–June * February 27 – The Treaty of Stolbovo ends the Ingrian War between Sweden and Russia. Sweden gains Ingria and Kexholm. * April 14 – Second Battle of Playa Honda: The Spanish navy defeats a Dutch f ...

) * August 4 – Maria Sophia of Neuburg,

Queen consort of Portugal Portugal had only two queens regnant: Maria I of Portugal, Maria I and Maria II of Portugal, Maria II (and, arguably, two more: Beatrice of Portugal, Beatriz for a short period of time in the 14th century; and Teresa of León, Countess of Portu ...

(b.

1666 This is the first year to be designated as an ''Annus mirabilis'', in John Dryden's 1667 poem so titled, celebrating England's failure to be beaten either by the Dutch or by fire. It is the only year to contain each Roman numeral once in de ...

) *

August 6 Events Pre-1600 *1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean. * 1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada ...

–

Albert V, Duke of Saxe-Coburg Albert V (24 May 1648 – 6 August 1699) was a duke of Saxe-Coburg. He was the fifth but second surviving son of Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Altenburg (1601-1675), and Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg (1619-1680). He was born in Gotha. W ...

, duke of Saxe-Coburg (b.

1648 1648 has been suggested as possibly the last year in which the overall human population declined, coming towards the end of a broader period of global instability which included the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the Thirty Years' War, t ...

) *

August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...

– Friedrich von Canitz, German poet and diplomat (b.

1654 Events January–March * January 6– In India, Jaswant Singh of Marwar (in what is now the state of Rajasthan) is elevated to the title of Maharaja by Emperor Shah Jahan. * January 11– In the Battle of Río Bueno in sout ...

) * August 13 – Marco d'Aviano, Italian Capuchin friar (b.

) * August 19 –

José Saenz d'Aguirre Joseph Sáenz de Aguirre, OSB (24 March 1630 – 19 August 1699) was a Cardinal, and learned Spanish Benedictine. Biography De Aguirre was born at Logroño, in Old Castile. He entered the congregation of Monte Cassino. He directed the studi ...

, Spanish Catholic cardinal (b.

) * August 24 – Lucrezia Barberini, Italian noblewoman and (b.

) * August 25 – Christian V of Denmark, King of Denmark and Norway (b.

) * August 28 – Joseph Barret, English businessman and theological writer (b.

1665 Events January–March * January 5 – The ''Journal des sçavans'' begins publication of the first scientific journal in France. * February 15 – Molière's comedy '' Dom Juan ou le Festin de pierre'', based on the Spanis ...

) * September 8 – Gottfried Wilhelm Sacer, German jurist (b.

) * September 13 – James Fraser of Brea, Covenanter (b.

) *

September 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". * 1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Empi ...

– Augustus, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön-Norburg (b.

) * September 26 – Simon Arnauld de Pomponne, French diplomat and minister (b.

1618 Events January–June * February 26 – Osman II deposes his uncle Mustafa I as Ottoman sultan (until 1622). * March 8 – Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion (after some initial calculations, he so ...

)

October–December

* October 3 – Edward Ayscough, English politician (b. 1650) * October 4 – George Evelyn, English politician (b.

) * October 8 – Mary Beale, English portrait painter (b.

1633 Events January–March * January 20 – Galileo Galilei, having been summoned to Rome on orders of Pope Urban VIII, leaves for Florence for his journey. His carriage is halted at Ponte a Centino at the border of Tuscany, where ...

) * November 2 –

Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 2nd Earl of Shaftesbury Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 2nd Earl of Shaftesbury Bt (16 January 1652 – 2 November 1699), known as Lord Ashley from 1672 to 1683, was an English peer and Member of Parliament. Shaftesbury was the son of Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaf ...

, English politician (b.

) * November 15 – Kosa Pan, Siamese diplomat and minister who led the second Siamese embassy to France sent by King Narai in 1686 (b.

) * November 23 – Joseph Beaumont, British academic and poet (b.

) * November 28 – Mary Allerton, Dutch settler of Plymouth Colony in what is now Massachusetts (b.

) *

November 29 Events Pre-1600 * 561 – Following the death of King Chlothar I at Compiègne, his four sons, Charibert I, Guntram, Sigebert I and Chilperic I, divide the Frankish Kingdom. * 618 – The Tang dynasty scores a decisive victory over t ...

– Patrick Gordon, general and rear admiral in Russia (b.

) * December 7 – Sigmund von Erlach, Swiss politician (b.

) * December 17 – John Francis Desideratus, Prince of Nassau-Siegen, (1652–1699) (b. 1627) * December 22 –

Michelangelo Mattei Michelangelo Mattei or Michael Angelus Matthaeius (8 May 1628 – 22 December 1699) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Titular Patriarch of Antioch (1693–1699) and Titular Archbishop of '' Hadrianopolis in Haemimonto'' (1689–1693). Bi ...

, Roman Catholic prelate, Titular Patriarch of Antioch, Titular Archbishop of ''Hadrianopolis in Haemimonto'' (b.

) * December 31 –

Giulio Dalla Rosa Giulio Dalla Rosa or Giulio Della Rosa (10 October 1642 – 31 December 1699) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Borgo San Donnino from 1698 to 1699. ''(in Latin)'' Biography Giulio Dalla Rosa was born in Parma, Italy on 10 O ...

, Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Borgo San Donnino (1698–1699) (b.

1642 Events January–March * January 4 – First English Civil War: Charles I attempts to arrest six leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. * February 5 – The Bishops Exclusion Act is passed in England ...

)

Date unknown

Henry Every Henry Every, also known as Henry Avery (20 August 1659after 1696), sometimes erroneously given as Jack Avery or John Avery, was an English pirate who operated in the Atlantic and Indian oceans in the mid-1690s. He probably used several aliases ...

, English pirate (b.

1659 Events January–March * January 14 – In the Battle of the Lines of Elvas, fought near the small city of Elvas in Portugal during the Portuguese Restoration War, the Spanish Army under the command of Luis Méndez de Haro suff ...

)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1699