Events

Pre-1600

* 70 – The armies of

Titus Titus Caesar Vespasianus ( ; 30 December 39 – 13 September 81 AD) was Roman emperor from 79 to 81. A member of the Flavian dynasty, Titus succeeded his father Vespasian upon his death. Before becoming emperor, Titus gained renown as a mili ...

attack the walls of

Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...

after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to

destroy Destroy may refer to: * ''Destroy'' (album), a 2004 album by Ektomorf * Destroy!, a Minneapolis Crust punk band * '' Destroy!!'', a comic book by Scott McCloud See also * Destroyer (disambiguation) * Destruction (disambiguation) * Destroy 2 ...

the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine II of Scotland, King

Hywel Dda Hywel Dda, sometimes anglicised as Howel the Good, or Hywel ap Cadell (died 949/950) was a king of Deheubarth who eventually came to rule most of Wales. He became the sole king of Seisyllwg in 920 and shortly thereafter established Deheubart ...

Deheubarth Deheubarth (; lit. "Right-hand Part", thus "the South") was a regional name for the realms of south Wales, particularly as opposed to Gwynedd (Latin: ''Venedotia''). It is now used as a shorthand for the various realms united under the House o ...

, Ealdred of Bamburgh and King Owain of the Cumbrians accepted the overlordship of King

Æthelstan Æthelstan or Athelstan (; ang, Æðelstān ; on, Aðalsteinn; ; – 27 October 939) was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to his death in 939. He was the son of King Edward the Elder and his fir ...

of England, leading to seven years of peace in the north. *

1191 Year 1191 (Roman numerals, MCXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * April 10 – King Richard I of England, Richard I (the Lionh ...

–

Third Crusade The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt by three European monarchs of Western Christianity (Philip II of France, Richard I of England and Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor) to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by ...

Saladin Yusuf ibn Ayyub ibn Shadi () ( – 4 March 1193), commonly known by the epithet Saladin,, ; ku, سه‌لاحه‌دین, ; was the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. Hailing from an ethnic Kurdish family, he was the first of both Egypt and ...

's garrison surrenders to Philip Augustus, ending the two-year

siege of Acre Siege of Acre may refer to: * Siege of Acre (1104), following the First Crusade *Siege of Acre (1189–1191), during the Third Crusade * Siege of Acre (1263), Baibars laid siege to the Crusader city, but abandoned it to attack Nazareth. *Siege of A ...

. *

1470 Year 1470 ( MCDLXX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * March 12 – Wars of the Roses in England – Battle of Losecoat Field: The Ho ...

– The Ottomans capture Euboea. *

1488 __NOTOC__ Year 1488 ( MCDLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 8 – The Royal Netherlands Navy is formed, by the decree of Maximillian of Austria. * February ...

–

Joseon Dynasty Joseon (; ; Middle Korean: 됴ᇢ〯션〮 Dyǒw syéon or 됴ᇢ〯션〯 Dyǒw syěon), officially the Great Joseon (; ), was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea, lasting just over 500 years. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and r ...

official

Choe Bu Choe Bu (, 1454–1504) was a Korean official during the early Joseon Dynasty. He is most well known for the account of his shipwrecked travels in China from February to July 1488, during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644). He was eventually banis ...

returned to Korea after months of shipwrecked travel in China. *

1493 Year 1493 ( MCDXCIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 19 – Treaty of Barcelona: Charles VIII of France returns Cerdagne a ...

–

Hartmann Schedel Hartmann Schedel (13 February 1440 – 28 November 1514) was a German historian, physician, humanist, and one of the first cartographers to use the printing press. He was born and died in Nuremberg. Matheolus Perusinus served as his tutor. ...

's '' Nuremberg Chronicle'', one of the best-documented early printed books, is published. *

1527 Year 1527 ( MDXXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June *January 1 – Croatian nobles elect Ferdinand I of Austria as King of Croatia in th ...

–

Lê Cung Hoàng Lê Cung Hoàng (黎恭皇, 26 July 1507 – 15 June 1527), born Lê Xuân, was the last emperor of the Later Lê dynasty of Vietnam. He reigned from 1522 to 1527. Lê Cung Hoàng was put on the throne by the powerful general Mạc Đăng Dung in ...

ceded the throne to

Mạc Đăng Dung Mạc Đăng Dung ( chữ Hán; 莫登庸; 23 November 1483 – 22 August 1541), also known by his temple name Mạc Thái Tổ (), was an emperor of Vietnam and the founder of the Mạc dynasty. Previously a captain of the imperial guard (Praet ...

, ending the Lê dynasty and starting the

Mạc dynasty The Mạc dynasty ( vi, Nhà Mạc / ''Mạc triều''; Hán Nôm: 茹莫 / 莫朝) (1527-1627), as known as House of Mạc ruled the whole of Đại Việt between 1527 and 1540 and the northern part of the country from 1540 until 1593, and ...

. *

1543 __NOTOC__ Year 1543 ( MDXLIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. It is one of the years sometimes referred to as an "Annus mirabilis" because of its significant publications in sc ...

– King

Henry VIII of England Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is best known for his six marriages, and for his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. His disa ...

marries his sixth and last wife, Catherine Parr, at Hampton Court Palace. *

1562 __NOTOC__ Year 1562 ( MDLXII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 6 – Shane O'Neill of Tír Eoghain pleads his cause at the Pala ...

– Fray

Diego de Landa Diego de Landa Calderón, O.F.M. (12 November 1524 – 29 April 1579) was a Spanish Franciscan bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Yucatán. Many historians criticize his campaign against idolatry. In particular, he burned almost a ...

, acting Bishop of Yucatán, burns the sacred idols and books of the

Maya Maya may refer to: Civilizations * Maya peoples, of southern Mexico and northern Central America ** Maya civilization, the historical civilization of the Maya peoples ** Maya language, the languages of the Maya peoples * Maya (Ethiopia), a popul ...

. *

1576 Year 1576 ( MDLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 20 – Viceroy Martín Enríquez de Almanza founds the settlement of León ...

–

Mughal Empire The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Quote: "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the d ...

annexes

Bengal Bengal ( ; bn, বাংলা/বঙ্গ, translit=Bānglā/Bôngô, ) is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal, predom ...

after defeating the Bengal Sultanate at the

Battle of Rajmahal The Battle of Rajmahal ( bn, রাজমহলের জঙ্গ) was a battle that took place between the Mughal Empire and the Karrani Dynasty that ruled the Sultanate of Bengal in the 16th century. The battle resulted in a decisive victory f ...

. * 1580 – The

Ostrog Bible The Ostrog Bible ( uk, Острозька Біблія, translit=Ostroz’ka Bibliya; russian: Острожская Библия, translit=Ostrozhskaya Bibliya) was one of the earliest East Slavic translations of the Bible and the first compl ...

, one of the early printed

Bible The Bible (from Koine Greek , , 'the books') is a collection of religious texts or scriptures that are held to be sacred in Christianity, Judaism, Samaritanism, and many other religions. The Bible is an anthologya compilation of texts ...

s in a

Slavic language The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavic peoples and their descendants. They are thought to descend from a proto-language called Proto-Slavic, spoken during the Ea ...

, is published.

1601–1900

1691 Events January–March * January 6 – King William III of England, who rules Scotland and Ireland as well as being the Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, departs from Margate to tend to the affairs of the Netherlands. * January 14 – A ...

–

Battle of Aughrim The Battle of Aughrim ( ga, Cath Eachroma) was the decisive battle of the Williamite War in Ireland. It was fought between the largely Irish Jacobite army loyal to James II and the forces of William III on 12 July 1691 (old style, equivale ...

(

Julian calendar The Julian calendar, proposed by Roman consul Julius Caesar in 46 BC, was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on , by edict. It was designed with the aid of Greek mathematicians and astronomers such as Sosigenes of Alexandr ...

): The decisive victory of

William III of England William III (William Henry; ; 4 November 16508 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic f ...

's forces in Ireland. *

1776 Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * Januar ...

– Captain James Cook begins his third voyage. *

1789 Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet '' What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential electio ...

– In response to the dismissal of the French finance minister

Jacques Necker Jacques Necker (; 30 September 1732 – 9 April 1804) was a Genevan banker and statesman who served as finance minister for Louis XVI. He was a reformer, but his innovations sometimes caused great discontent. Necker was a constitutional monarchi ...

, the radical journalist

Camille Desmoulins Lucie-Simplice-Camille-Benoît Desmoulins (; 2 March 17605 April 1794) was a French journalist and politician who played an important role in the French Revolution. Desmoulins was tried and executed alongside Georges Danton when the Committee ...

gives a speech which results in the

storming of the Bastille The Storming of the Bastille (french: Prise de la Bastille ) occurred in Paris, France, on 14 July 1789, when revolutionary insurgents stormed and seized control of the medieval armoury, fortress, and political prison known as the Bastille. At ...

two days later. *

1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took ...

– The Civil Constitution of the Clergy is passed in France by the National Constituent Assembly. *

1799 Events January–June * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * Janu ...

– Ranjit Singh conquers Lahore and becomes Maharaja of the Punjab (

Sikh Empire The Sikh Empire was a state originating in the Indian subcontinent, formed under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, who established an empire based in the Punjab. The empire existed from 1799, when Maharaja Ranjit Singh captured Lahor ...

). *

1801 Events January–March * January 1 ** The legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland is completed under the Act of Union 1800, bringing about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the abolition of the Parliament of I ...

– British ships inflict heavy damage on Spanish and French ships in the

Second Battle of Algeciras The Second Battle of Algeciras (also known as the Battle of the Gut of Gibraltar) was a naval battle fought on the night of 12 July 1801 (23 messidor an IX of the French Republican Calendar) between a squadron of British Royal Navy ships of ...

. * 1806 – At the insistence of Napoleon,

Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total lan ...

Baden Baden (; ) is a historical territory in South Germany, in earlier times on both sides of the Upper Rhine but since the Napoleonic Wars only East of the Rhine. History The margraves of Baden originated from the House of Zähringen. Baden i ...

Württemberg Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart. Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Württ ...

and thirteen minor principalities leave the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars. From the accession of Otto I in 962 ...

and form the

Confederation of the Rhine The Confederated States of the Rhine, simply known as the Confederation of the Rhine, also known as Napoleonic Germany, was a confederation of German client states established at the behest of Napoleon some months after he defeated Austria an ...

. * 1812 – The American Army of the Northwest briefly occupies the Upper Canadian settlement at what is now at

Windsor, Ontario Windsor is a city in southwestern Ontario, Canada, on the south bank of the Detroit River directly across from Detroit, Michigan, United States. Geographically located within but administratively independent of Essex County, it is the southe ...

. * 1862 – The

Medal of Honor The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration and is awarded to recognize American soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, guardians and coast guardsmen who have distinguished themselves by acts of valo ...

is authorized by the

United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washing ...

1901–present

1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the ...

– Serbian forces begin their

siege A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characteriz ...

of the

Bulgarian Bulgarian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Bulgaria * Bulgarians, a South Slavic ethnic group * Bulgarian language, a Slavic language * Bulgarian alphabet * A citizen of Bulgaria, see Demographics of Bulgaria * Bul ...

city of

Vidin Vidin ( bg, Видин, ; Old Romanian: Diiu) is a port city on the southern bank of the Danube in north-western Bulgaria. It is close to the borders with Romania and Serbia, and is also the administrative centre of Vidin Province, as well as ...

; the siege is later called off when the war ends. * 1913 – The Second Revolution breaks out against the

Beiyang government The Beiyang government (), officially the Republic of China (), sometimes spelled Peiyang Government, refers to the government of the Republic of China which sat in its capital Peking ( Beijing) between 1912 and 1928. It was internationally ...

, as

Li Liejun Li Liejun (; 23 February 1882 – 20 February 1946), was a Chinese revolutionary leader and general in the early Republic of China. Biography Li was born in Wuning, Jiangxi, Province. In 1904, he was sent on a government scholarship to Jap ...

proclaims

Jiangxi Jiangxi (; ; formerly romanized as Kiangsi or Chianghsi) is a landlocked province in the east of the People's Republic of China. Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north int ...

independent from the Republic of China. *

1917 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Fo ...

– The

Bisbee Deportation The Bisbee Deportation was the illegal kidnapping and deportation of about 1,300 striking mine workers, their supporters, and citizen bystanders by 2,000 members of a deputized posse, who arrested them beginning on July 12, 1917, in Bisbee, A ...

occurs as

vigilante Vigilantism () is the act of preventing, investigating and punishing perceived offenses and crimes without legal authority. A vigilante (from Spanish, Italian and Portuguese “vigilante”, which means "sentinel" or "watcher") is a person who ...

kidnap In criminal law, kidnapping is the unlawful confinement of a person against their will, often including transportation/asportation. The asportation and abduction element is typically but not necessarily conducted by means of force or fear: the p ...

and

deport Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people from a place or country. The term ''expulsion'' is often used as a synonym for deportation, though expulsion is more often used in the context of international law, while deportatio ...

nearly 1,300 striking miners and others from

Bisbee, Arizona Bisbee is a city in and the county seat of Cochise County in southeastern Arizona, United States. It is southeast of Tucson and north of the Mexican border. According to the 2020 census, the population of the town was 4,923, down from 5,575 ...

. * 1918 – The

Imperial Japanese Navy The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN; Kyūjitai: Shinjitai: ' 'Navy of the Greater Japanese Empire', or ''Nippon Kaigun'', 'Japanese Navy') was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945, when it was dissolved following Japan's surrend ...

battleship '' Kawachi'' blows up at Shunan, western

Honshu , historically called , is the largest and most populous island of Japan. It is located south of Hokkaidō across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyūshū across the Kanmon Straits. The island se ...

, Japan, killing at least 621. * 1920 – The

Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty The Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty, also known as the Moscow Peace Treaty, was signed between Lithuania and Soviet Russia on July 12, 1920. In exchange for Lithuania's neutrality and permission to move its troops in the territory that was re ...

is signed, by which

Soviet Russia The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...

recognizes the independence of Lithuania. *

1943 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 1 – WWII: The Soviet Union announces that 22 German divisions have been encircled at Stalingrad, with 175,000 killed and 137,650 captured. * January 4 ...

–

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

and

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...

forces engage in the

Battle of Prokhorovka The Battle of Prokhorovka was fought on 12 July 1943 near Prokhorovka, southeast of Kursk, in the Soviet Union, during the Second World War. Taking place on the Eastern Front, the engagement was part of the wider Battle of Kursk and occurre ...

, one of the largest armored engagements of all time. * 1948 – Israeli Prime Minister

David Ben-Gurion David Ben-Gurion ( ; he, דָּוִד בֶּן-גּוּרִיּוֹן ; born David Grün; 16 October 1886 – 1 December 1973) was the primary national founder of the State of Israel and the first prime minister of Israel. Adopting the nam ...

orders the expulsion of Palestinians from the towns of Lod and

Ramla Ramla or Ramle ( he, רַמְלָה, ''Ramlā''; ar, الرملة, ''ar-Ramleh'') is a city in the Central District of Israel. Today, Ramle is one of Israel's mixed cities, with both a significant Jewish and Arab populations. The city was f ...

. *

1960 It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism. Events January * Jan ...

–

Orlyonok The Russian Children's Center "Orlyonok" (russian: Орлёнок, lit=eaglet) is a federal state all-year camp for kids aged 11–16 (school grades 6 through 10). It is located in the Southern Federal District of Russia, on the eastern shore of ...

, the main

Young Pioneer camp Young Pioneer camp (russian: Пионерский лагерь) was the name for the vacation or summer camp of Young Pioneers. In the 20th century these camps existed in many socialist countries, particularly in the Soviet Union. The You ...

of the

Russian SFSR The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...

, is founded. *

1961 Events January * January 3 ** United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces that the United States has severed diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba (Cuba–United States relations are restored in 2015). ** Aero Flight 311 (K ...

–

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

n city

Pune Pune (; ; also known as Poona, ( the official name from 1818 until 1978) is one of the most important industrial and educational hubs of India, with an estimated population of 7.4 million As of 2021, Pune Metropolitan Region is the largest i ...

floods due to failure of the

Khadakwasla Khadakwasla Dam is a dam on the Mutha River from the centre of the city of Pune in Maharashtra, India. The dam created a reservoir known as Khadakwasla Lake which is the main source of water for Pune and its suburbs. In the vicinity of Khada ...

and

Panshet Panshet Dam, also called Tanajisagar Dam, is a dam on the Ambi river, a tributary of the Mutha River, about southwest of the city of Pune in western India.The dam was constructed in late 1950s for irrigation and, along with three other dams near ...

dams, killing at least two thousand people. * 1961 – ČSA Flight 511 crashes at

Casablanca–Anfa Airport Casablanca–Anfa Airport (french: Aéroport de Casablanca–Anfa, ar, مطار الدار البيضاء أنفا) was an airport in Morocco , located about southwest of Casablanca. Anfa Airport was one of three airports serving the Casablanc ...

Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria t ...

, killing 72. *

1962 Events January * January 1 – Western Samoa becomes independent from New Zealand. * January 3 – Pope John XXIII excommunicates Fidel Castro for preaching communism. * January 8 – Harmelen train disaster: 93 die in the wor ...

–

The Rolling Stones The Rolling Stones are an English Rock music, rock band formed in London in 1962. Active for six decades, they are one of the most popular and enduring bands of the album era, rock era. In the early 1960s, the Rolling Stones pioneered the g ...

perform for the first time at

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

Marquee Club The Marquee Club was a music venue first located at 165 Oxford Street in London, when it opened in 1958 with a range of jazz and skiffle acts. Its most famous period was from 1964 to 1988 at 90 Wardour Street in Soho, and it finally closed wh ...

. *

1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Co ...

– Pauline Reade, 16, disappears in

Gorton Gorton is an area of Manchester in North West England, southeast of the city centre. The population at the 2011 census was 36,055. Neighbouring areas include Levenshulme and Openshaw. A major landmark is Gorton Monastery, a 19th-century Hig ...

, England, the first victim in the

Moors murders The Moors murders were carried out by Ian Brady and Myra Hindley between July 1963 and October 1965, in and around Manchester, England. The victims were five children—Pauline Reade, John Kilbride, Keith Bennett, Lesley Ann Downey, and Edward E ...

. *

1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...

– Riots begin in

Newark, New Jersey Newark ( , ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of New Jersey and the seat of Essex County and the second largest city within the New York metropolitan area.1971 – The Australian Aboriginal Flag is flown for the first time. *

1973 Events January * January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 15 – Vietnam War: ...

– A

fire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames a ...

destroys the entire sixth floor of the

National Personnel Records Center The National Personnel Records Center(s) (NPRC) is an agency of the National Archives and Records Administration, created in 1966. It is part of the United States National Archives federal records center system and is divided into two large Federa ...

of the United States. *

1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...

– São Tomé and Príncipe declare independence from Portugal. *

1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the '' International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the '' Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the so ...

– The island nation of

Kiribati Kiribati (), officially the Republic of Kiribati ( gil, ibaberikiKiribati),Kiribati
''The Wor ...

becomes independent from the United Kingdom. *

1995 File:1995 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: O.J. Simpson is acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman from the year prior in "The Trial of the Century" in the United States; The Great Hanshin earthquake str ...

– Chinese

seismologists Seismology (; from Ancient Greek σεισμός (''seismós'') meaning "earthquake" and -λογία (''-logía'') meaning "study of") is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth or through other ...

successfully

predict A prediction (Latin ''præ-'', "before," and ''dicere'', "to say"), or forecast, is a statement about a future event or data. They are often, but not always, based upon experience or knowledge. There is no universal agreement about the exact ...

the

1995 Myanmar–China earthquake The 1995 Menglian earthquake or 1995 Myanmar–China earthquake occurred on 12 July at 05:46:43 local time in the Myanmar–China border region. The earthquake had an epicenter on the Myanmar side of the border, located in the mountainous region ...

, reducing the number of casualties to 11. *

1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently s ...

– The

Ulster Volunteer Force The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group. Formed in 1965, it first emerged in 1966. Its first leader was Gusty Spence, a former British Army soldier from Northern Ireland. The group undertook an armed campaign ...

attacked a house in

Ballymoney Ballymoney ( ga, Baile Monaidh , meaning 'townland of the moor') is a small town and civil parish in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is within the Causeway Coast and Glens Borough Council area. The civil parish of Ballymoney is situated i ...

County Antrim County Antrim (named after the town of Antrim, ) is one of six counties of Northern Ireland and one of the thirty-two counties of Ireland. Adjoined to the north-east shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of and has a population o ...

Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...

with a

petrol bomb A Molotov cocktail (among several other names – ''see other names'') is a hand thrown incendiary weapon constructed from a frangible container filled with flammable substances equipped with a fuse (typically a glass bottle filled with fla ...

, killing the Quinn brothers. * 2001 –

Space Shuttle program The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011. I ...

: Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' is launched on mission

STS-104 STS-104 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle ''Atlantis''. Its primary objectives were to install the ''Quest'' Joint Airlock and help perform maintenance on the International Space Statio ...

, carrying the ''Quest'' Joint Airlock to the

International Space Station The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest modular space station currently in low Earth orbit. It is a multinational collaborative project involving five participating space agencies: NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), JAXA ( ...

. * 2006 – The 2006 Lebanon War begins. * 2007 –

U.S. Army The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cl ...

Apache helicopters engage in airstrikes against armed insurgents in

Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. I ...

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...

, where civilians are killed; footage from the cockpit is later leaked to the Internet. *

2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gat ...

– Syrian Civil War: Government forces target the homes of rebels and activists in

Tremseh Tremseh ( ar, التريمسة, ''al-Turaymisah''), or in various dialects ''Tremseh'', ''Treimsa'', ''Taramsah'', ''Taramseh'' in the Hama Governorate in northern Syria. It is roughly 22 miles northwest of the central city of Hama. Nearby localiti ...

and kill anywhere between 68 and 150 people. * 2012 – A tank truck explosion kills more than 100 people in Okobie,

Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...

. *

2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fa ...

– Six people are killed and 200 injured in a French passenger train derailment in Brétigny-sur-Orge.

Births

Pre-1600

100 BC __NOTOC__ Year 100 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Marius and Flaccus (or, less frequently, year 654 ''Ab urbe condita'') and the First Year of Tianhan. The denominatio ...

–

Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, ...

, Roman politician and general (d. 44 BC) *

1394 Year 1394 ( MCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * February 28 – Richard II of England grants Geoffrey Chaucer 20 pounds a year for life, for h ...

–

Ashikaga Yoshinori was the sixth ''shōgun'' of the Ashikaga shogunate who reigned from 1429 to 1441 during the Muromachi period of Japan. Yoshinori was the son of the third ''shōgun'' Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). His childhood name was Harutor ...

, Japanese shōgun (d. 1441) *

1468 Year 1468 ( MCDLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December *June 30 – Catherine Cornaro is married by proxy to James II of Cyprus, beginning ...

–

Juan del Encina Juan del Encina (July 12, 1468 – 1529 or 1530) was a composer, poet, and playwright, often called the founder, along with Gil Vicente, of Spanish drama. His birth name was Juan de Fermoselle. He spelled his name Enzina, but this is not a signi ...

, Spanish poet, playwright, and composer (probable; d. 1530) *

1477 Year 1477 ( MCDLXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 5 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold of Burgundy is again defeated, ...

–

Jacopo Sadoleto Jacopo Sadoleto (July 12, 1477 – October 18, 1547) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal and counterreformer noted for his correspondence with and opposition to John Calvin. Life He was born at Modena in 1477, the son of a noted jurist, he a ...

, Italian cardinal (d. 1547) *

1549 __NOTOC__ Year 1549 ( MDXLIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. In the Kingdom of England, it was known as "The Year of the Many-Headed Monster", because of the unusually high ...

–

Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland, 14th Baron de Ros of Helmsley, KG (12 July 1549 – 14 April 1587) was the son of Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland, whose titles he inherited in 1563. Life He was the eldest son of Henry Manners, 2nd Earl o ...

(d. 1587)

1601–1900

1628 Events January–March * January 19 – (26 Jumada al-Awwal 1037 A.H.) The reign of Salef-ud-din Muhammad Shahryar as the Mughal Emperor, Shahryar Mirza, comes to an end a little more than two months after the November 7 dea ...

– Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk (d. 1684) *1651 – Margaret Theresa of Spain (d. 1673) *1675 – Evaristo Felice Dall'Abaco, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1742) *1712 – Sir Francis Bernard, 1st Baronet, Colonial governor of New Jersey and Massachusetts Bay (d. 1779) *1730 – Josiah Wedgwood, English potter, founded the Wedgwood, Wedgwood Company (d. 1795) *1803 – Peter Chanel, French priest and saint (d. 1841) *1807 – Thomas Hawksley, English engineer and academic (d. 1893) *1813 – Claude Bernard, French physiologist and academic (d. 1878) *1817 – Henry David Thoreau, American essayist, poet, and philosopher (d. 1862) * 1817 – Alvin Saunders, Territorial Governor and Senator from Nebraska (d. 1899) *1821 – D. H. Hill, American general and academic (d. 1889) *1824 – Eugène Boudin, French painter (d. 1898) *1828 – Nikolay Chernyshevsky, Russian philosopher and critic (d. 1889) *1849 – William Osler, Canadian physician and author (d. 1919) *1850 – Otto Schoetensack, German anthropologist and academic (d. 1912) *1852 – Hipólito Yrigoyen, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 19th President of Argentina (d. 1933) *1854 – George Eastman, American businessman, founded Eastman Kodak (d. 1933) *1855 – Ned Hanlan, Canadian rower, academic, and businessman (d. 1908) *1857 – George E. Ohr, American potter (d. 1918) *1861 – Anton Arensky, Russian pianist, composer, and educator (d. 1906) *1863 – Albert Calmette, French physician, bacteriologist, and immunologist (d. 1933) * 1863 – Paul Drude, German physicist and academic (d. 1906) *1868 – Stefan George, German poet and translator (d. 1933) *1870 – Louis II, Prince of Monaco (d. 1949) *1872 – Emil Hácha, Czech lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Czechoslovakia (d. 1945) *1876 – Max Jacob, French poet, painter, and critic (d. 1944) * 1876 – Alphaeus Philemon Cole, American artist, engraver and etcher (d. 1988) *1878 – Peeter Põld, Estonian scientist and politician, 1st Estonian Minister of Education (d. 1930) *1879 – Margherita Piazzola Beloch, Italian mathematician (d. 1976) * 1879 – Han Yong-un, Korean poet (d. 1944) *1880 – Tod Browning, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1962) *1881 – Natalia Goncharova, Russians, Russian theatrical costume and set designer, painter and illustrator (d. 1962) *1884 – Louis B. Mayer, Russian-born American film producer, co-founded Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (d. 1957) * 1884 – Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1920) *1886 – Jean Hersholt, Danish-American actor and director (d. 1956) *1888 – Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1920) *1892 – Bruno Schulz, Ukrainian-Polish author and painter (d. 1942) *1895 – Kirsten Flagstad, Norwegian soprano (d. 1962) * 1895 – Buckminster Fuller, American architect and engineer, designed the Montreal Biosphère (d. 1983) * 1895 – Oscar Hammerstein II, American director, producer, and songwriter (d. 1960) *1899 – E.D. Nixon, American civil rights leader (d. 1987)

1901–present

*1902 – Günther Anders, German philosopher and journalist (d. 1992) * 1902 – Tony Lovink, Dutch politician; Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d.

) * 1902 – Vic Armbruster, Australian rugby league player (d. 1984) *1904 – Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet and diplomat, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973) *1907 – Weary Dunlop, Australian colonel and surgeon (d. 1993) *1908 – Milton Berle, American comedian and actor (d. 2002) * 1908 – Alain Cuny, French actor (d. 1994) * 1908 – Paul Runyan, American golfer and sportscaster (d. 2002) *1909 – Joe DeRita, American actor (d. 1993) * 1909 – Motoichi Kumagai, Japanese photographer and illustrator (d. 2010) * 1909 – Fritz Leonhardt, German engineer, designed Fernsehturm Stuttgart (d. 1999) * 1909 – Herbert Zim, American naturalist, author, and educator (d. 1994) *1911 – Evald Mikson, Estonian footballer (d. 1993) *

– Willis Lamb, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2008) *1914 – Mohammad Moin, Iranian linguist and lexicographer (d. 1971) *1915 – Emanuel Papper, American anesthesiologist, professor, and author (d. 2002) * 1915 – Princess Catherine Ivanovna of Russia, (d. 2007) *1916 – Lyudmila Pavlichenko, Ukrainian-Russian soldier and sniper (d. 1974) *

– Luigi Gorrini, Italian soldier and pilot (d. 2014) * 1917 – Satyendra Narayan Sinha, Indian statesman (d. 2006) * 1917 – Andrew Wyeth, American artist (d. 2009) * 1918 – Mary Glen-Haig, English fencer (d. 2014) * 1918 – Vivian Mason, American actress (d. 2009) * 1918 – Doris Grumbach, American novelist, memoirist, biographer, literary critic, and essayist (d. 2022) * 1918 – Rusty Dedrick, American swing and bebop jazz trumpeter (d. 2009) * 1920 – Pierre Berton, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2004) * 1920 – Bob Fillion, Canadian ice hockey player and manager (d. 2015) * 1920 – Paul Gonsalves, American saxophonist (d. 1974) * 1920 – Randolph Quirk, Manx linguist and academic (d. 2017) * 1920 – Beah Richards, American actress (d. 2000) *1922 – Mark Hatfield, American soldier and politician, 29th Governor of Oregon (d. 2011) *1923 – James E. Gunn (writer), James E. Gunn, American science fiction author (d. 2020) *1924 – Faidon Matthaiou, Greek basketball player and coach (d. 2011) *1925 – Albert Lance, Australian-French tenor (d. 2013) * 1925 – Roger Smith (executive), Roger Smith, American businessman (d. 2007) *1926 – Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali, wife of the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad *1927 – Françoys Bernier, Canadian pianist, conductor, and educator (d. 1993) * 1927 – Conte Candoli, American trumpet player (d. 2001) * 1927 – Jack Harshman, American baseball player (d. 2013) * 1927 – Harley Hotchkiss, Canadian businessman (d. 2011) *1928 – Alastair Burnet, English journalist (d. 2012) * 1928 – Elias James Corey, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate * 1928 – Imero Fiorentino, American lighting designer (d. 2013) *1930 – Gordon Pinsent, Canadian actor, director, and screenwriter * 1930 –Guy Ligier, French racing driver and team owner (d. 2015) *1931 – Eric Ives, English historian and academic (d. 2012) * 1931 – Geeto Mongol, Canadian-American wrestler and trainer (d. 2013) *1932 – Rene Goulet, Canadian professional wrestler (d. 2019) * 1932 – Monte Hellman, American director and producer (d. 2021) * 1932 – Otis Davis, American sprinter *1933 – Victor Poor, American engineer, developed the Datapoint 2200 (d. 2012) * 1933 – Donald E. Westlake, American author and screenwriter (d. 2008) *1934 – Thomas Charlton (rower), Thomas Charlton, American competition Rowing (sport), rower and Olympic champion * 1934 – Van Cliburn, American pianist and composer (d. 2013) *1935 – Satoshi Ōmura, Japanese biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate *1936 – Jan Němec, Czech director and screenwriter (d. 2016) *1937 – Bill Cosby, American actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter * 1937 – Mickey Edwards, American lawyer and politician * 1937 – Lionel Jospin, French civil servant and politician, 165th Prime Minister of France * 1937 – Robert McFarlane, American colonel and diplomat, 13th United States National Security Advisor (d. 2022) * 1937 – Guy Woolfenden, English composer and conductor (d. 2016) *1938 – Ron Fairly, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2019) * 1938 – Wieger Mensonides, Dutch swimmer * 1938 – Eiko Ishioka, Japanese art director and graphic designer (d. 2012) *1939 – Phillip Adams (writer), Phillip Adams, Australian journalist and producer * 1939 – Arlen Ness, American motorcycle designer and entrepreneur (d. 2019) *1941 – Benny Parsons, American race car driver and sportscaster (d. 2007) *1942 – Swamp Dogg, American R&B singer-songwriter and musician * 1942 – Roy Palmer (cricketer), Roy Palmer, English cricketer and umpire * 1942 – Billy Smith (rugby league, born 1942), Billy Smith, Australian rugby league player and coach * 1942 – Steve Young (musician), Steve Young, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016) *

– Christine McVie, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player (d. 2022) * 1943 – Paul Silas, American basketball player and coach (d. 2022) *1944 – Simon Blackburn, English philosopher and academic * 1944 – Delia Ephron, American author, playwright, and screenwriter * 1944 – Pat Woodell, American actress and singer (d. 2015) *1945 – Butch Hancock, American country-folk singer-songwriter and musician *1947 – Gareth Edwards, Welsh rugby player and sportscaster * 1947 – Wilko Johnson, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (d. 2022) * 1947 – Richard C. McCarty, American psychologist and academic * 1948 – Ben Burtt, American director, screenwriter, and sound designer * 1948 – Walter Egan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1948 – Richard Simmons, American fitness trainer and actor *1949 – Simon Fox, English drummer * 1949 – Rick Hendrick, American businessman, founded Hendrick Motorsports *1950 – Eric Carr, American drummer and songwriter (d. 1991) * 1950 – Gilles Meloche, Canadian ice hockey player and coach *1951 – Joan Bauer (novelist), Joan Bauer, American author * 1951 – Brian Grazer, American screenwriter and producer, founded Imagine Entertainment * 1951 – Cheryl Ladd, American actress * 1951 – Piotr Pustelnik, Polish mountaineer * 1951 – Jamey Sheridan, American actor *1952 – Voja Antonić, Serbian computer scientist and journalist, designed the Galaksija (computer), Galaksija computer * 1952 – Irina Bokova, Bulgarian politician, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bulgaria), Bulgarian Minister of Foreign Affairs * 1952 – Philip Taylor Kramer, American bass player (d. 1995) *1954 – Eric Adams (musician), Eric Adams, American singer-songwriter * 1954 – Robert Carl, American pianist and composer * 1954 – Wolfgang Dremmler, German footballer and coach *1955 – Timothy Garton Ash, English historian and author * 1955 – Jimmy LaFave, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017) *1956 – Mel Harris, American actress * 1956 – Sandi Patty, American singer and pianist * 1956 – Mario Soto (baseball), Mario Soto, Dominican baseball player *1957 – Rick Husband, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2003) * 1957 – Dave Semenko, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster (d. 2017) *1958 – J. D. Hayworth, American politician and radio host * 1958 – Tonya Lee Williams, English-Canadian actress and producer *1959 – David Brown (meteorologist), David Brown, Australian meteorologist * 1959 – Tupou VI, King of Tonga * 1959 – Karl J. Friston, English psychiatrist and neuroscientist * 1959 – Charlie Murphy (actor), Charlie Murphy, American actor and comedian (d. 2017) *

– Heikko Glöde, German footballer and manager * 1961 – Shiva Rajkumar, Indian actor, singer, and producer *

– Julio César Chávez, Mexican boxer * 1962 – Luc De Vos, Belgian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2014) * 1962 – Joanna Shields, American-English businesswoman * 1962 – Dean Wilkins, English footballer and manager *1964 – Gaby Roslin, English television host and actress *1965 – Sanjay Manjrekar, Indian cricketer and sportscaster * 1965 – Robin Wilson (musician), Robin Wilson, American singer and guitarist *1966 – Jeff Bucknum, American race car driver * 1966 – Annabel Croft, English tennis player and sportscaster * 1966 – Taiji (musician), Taiji, Japanese bass player and songwriter (d. 2011) *

– Richard Herring, English comedian and screenwriter * 1967 – Mac McCaughan, American singer and guitarist * 1967 – John Petrucci, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1967 – Bruny Surin, Canadian sprinter *1968 – Catherine Plewinski, French swimmer *1969 – Lisa Nicole Carson, American actress * 1969 – Chantal Jouanno, French politician, Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports (France), French Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports * 1969 – Alan Mullally, English cricketer and sportscaster * 1969 – Anne-Sophie Pic, French chef * 1969 – Jesse Pintado, Mexican-American guitarist (d. 2006) *1970 – Aure Atika, Portuguese-French actress, director, and screenwriter * 1970 – Lee Byung-hun, South Korean actor, singer, and dancer * 1971 – Joel Casamayor, Cuban-American former professional boxer * 1971 – Andriy Kovalenco, Ukrainian-Spanish rugby player * 1971 – Loni Love, American comedian, actress, and talk show host * 1971 – Kristi Yamaguchi, American figure skater *1972 – Travis Best, American basketball player * 1972 – Jake Wood, English actor *

– Christian Vieri, Italian footballer *1974 – Sharon den Adel, Dutch singer-songwriter * 1974 – Stelios Giannakopoulos, Greek footballer and manager * 1974 – Gregory Shane Helms, American professional wrestler *

– Phil Lord and Christopher Miller, Phil Lord, American filmmaker *1976 – Dan Boyle (ice hockey), Dan Boyle, Canadian ice hockey player * 1976 – Anna Friel, English actress * 1976 – Tracie Spencer, American singer-songwriter and actress *1977 – Neil Harris (footballer, born 1977), Neil Harris, English footballer and manager * 1977 – Steve Howey (actor), Steve Howey, American actor * 1977 – Brock Lesnar, American mixed martial artist and wrestler * 1977 – Francesca Lubiani, Italian tennis player *1978 – Topher Grace, American actor * 1978 – Michelle Rodriguez, American actress *

– Brooke Baldwin, American journalist and television news anchor * 1979 – Nikos Barlos, Greek basketball player * 1979 – Maya Kobayashi, Japanese journalist *1980 – Kristen Connolly, American actress *1981 – Adrienne Camp, South African singer-songwriter * 1981 – Pradeepan Raveendran, Sri Lankan director, producer, and screenwriter *1982 – Antonio Cassano, Italian footballer * 1982 – Jason Wright, American football player, businessman, and executive *1984 – Gareth Gates, English singer-songwriter * 1984 – Jonathan Lewis (American football), Jonathan Lewis, American football player * 1984 – Natalie Martinez, American actress * 1984 – Michael McGovern (footballer), Michael McGovern, Irish footballer * 1984 – Sami Zayn, Canadian professional wrestler *1985 – Paulo Vitor Barreto, Brazilian footballer * 1985 – Gianluca Curci, Italian footballer * 1985 – Keven Lacombe, Canadian cyclist * 1985 – Ismael Londt, Surinamese-Dutch kickboxer *1986 – 360 (rapper), 360, Australian rapper * 1986 – Didier Digard, French footballer * 1986 – Hannaliis Jaadla, Estonian footballer * 1986 – JP Pietersen, South African rugby player * 1986 – Simone Laudehr, German footballer *1988 – LeSean McCoy, American football player * 1988 – Inbee Park, South Korean golfer *1989 – Nick Palmieri, American ice hockey player *1990 – Bebé, Portuguese footballer * 1990 – Rachel Brosnahan, American actress *1991 – Salih Dursun, Turkish footballer * 1991 – James Rodríguez, Colombian footballer *1992 – Bartosz Bereszyński, Polish footballer *1993 – Kurt Capewell, Australian rugby league player *1994 – Kanako Momota, Japanese singer-songwriter *

– Evania Pelite, Australian rugby union player * 1995 – Luke Shaw, English footballer * 1995 – Jordyn Wieber, American gymnast *1996 – Moussa Dembélé (footballer, born 1996), Moussa Dembélé, French footballer * 1996 – Jordan Romero, American mountaineer *1997 – Malala Yousafzai, Pakistani-English activist, Nobel Peace Prize, Nobel Prize laureate *2000 – Vinícius Júnior, Brazilian footballer

Deaths

Pre-1600

* 524 – Viventiolus, archbishop of Lyon (b. 460) * 783 – Bertrada of Laon, Frankish queen (b. 720) * 965 – Meng Chang, emperor of Later Shu (b. 919) * 981 – Xue Juzheng, Chinese scholar-official and historian *1067 – John Komnenos (Domestic of the Schools), John Komnenos, Byzantine general *1441 –

, Japanese shōgun (b. 1394) * 1441 – Kyōgoku Takakazu (d. 1441), Kyōgoku Takakazu, Japanese nobleman *1489 – Bahlul Lodi, sultan of Delhi *1536 – Desiderius Erasmus, Dutch priest and philosopher (b. 1466) *1584 – Steven Borough, English navigator and explorer (b. 1525)

1601–1900

*1623 – William Bourchier, 3rd Earl of Bath (b. 1557) *1664 – Stefano della Bella, Italian illustrator and engraver (b. 1610) *1682 – Jean Picard, French priest and astronomer (b. 1620) *

– Marquis de St Ruth, French general *1693 – John Ashby (Royal Navy officer), John Ashby, English admiral (b. 1640) *1712 – Richard Cromwell, English academic and politician (b. 1626) *1742 – Evaristo Felice Dall'Abaco, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1675) *1749 – Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois, French navy officer and politician, Governor General of New France (b. 1671) *1773 – Johann Joachim Quantz, German flute player and composer (b. 1697) *1804 – Alexander Hamilton, American general, economist, and politician, 1st United States Secretary of the Treasury (b. 1755) *1845 – Henrik Wergeland, Norwegian linguist, poet, and playwright (b. 1808) *1850 – Robert Stevenson (civil engineer), Robert Stevenson, Scottish engineer (b. 1772) *1855 – Pavel Nakhimov, Russian admiral (b. 1802) *1870 – John A. Dahlgren, American admiral (b. 1809) *1892 – Alexander Cartwright, American firefighter, invented baseball (b. 1820)

1901–present

* 1908 – William D. Coleman (politician), William D. Coleman, 13th President of Liberia (b. 1842) *1910 – Charles Rolls, English engineer and businessman, co-founded Rolls-Royce Limited (b. 1877) *1926 – Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist and spy (b. 1868) * 1926 – Charles Wood (composer), Charles Wood Irish composer (b. 1866) *1929 – Robert Henri, American painter and educator (b. 1865) *1931 – Nathan Söderblom, Swedish archbishop, Nobel Peace Prize, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1866) *1934 – Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American inventor and businessman, invented the outboard motor (b. 1877) *1935 – Alfred Dreyfus, French colonel (b. 1859) *1944 – Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., American general and politician, Governor of Puerto Rico (b. 1887) *1945 – Boris Galerkin, Russian mathematician and engineer (b. 1871) * 1945 – Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen, German field marshal (b. 1895) *1946 – Ray Stannard Baker, American journalist and author (b. 1870) *1947 – Jimmie Lunceford, American saxophonist and bandleader (b. 1902) *1949 – Douglas Hyde, Irish scholar and politician, 1st President of Ireland (b. 1860) *1950 – Elsie de Wolfe, American actress, author, and interior decorator (b. 1865) *1956 – John Hayes (Tasmanian politician), John Hayes, Australian politician, 25th Premier of Tasmania (b. 1868) *

– Mazo de la Roche, Canadian author and playwright (b. 1879) *

– Roger Wolfe Kahn, American composer and bandleader (b. 1907) *1965 – Christfried Burmeister, Estonian speed skater (b. 1898) *1966 – D. T. Suzuki, Japanese philosopher and author (b. 1870) *1969 – Henry George Lamond, Australian farmer and author (b. 1885) * 1971 – Yvon Robert, Canadian wrestler (b. 1914) *

– Lon Chaney, Jr., American actor (b. 1906) *

– James Ormsbee Chapin, American painter and illustrator (b. 1887) *

– Olive Morris, Jamaican-English civil rights activist (b. 1952) * 1979 – Minnie Riperton, American singer-songwriter (b. 1947) *1982 – Kenneth More, English actor (b. 1914) *1983 – Chris Wood (rock musician), Chris Wood, English saxophonist (b. 1944) *1990 – João Saldanha, Brazilian footballer, manager, and journalist (b. 1917) *1992 – Caroline Pafford Miller, American journalist and author (b. 1903) *1993 – Dan Eldon, English photographer and journalist (b. 1970) *1994 – Eila Campbell, English geographer and cartographer (b. 1915) *1996 – John Chancellor, American journalist (b. 1927) *1997 – François Furet, French historian and author (b. 1927) *

– Jimmy Driftwood, American singer-songwriter and banjo player (b. 1907) * 1998 – Arkady Ostashev, Soviet/Russian scientist and engineer (b. 1925) * 1998 – Serge Lemoyne, Canadian painter (b. 1941) *1999 – Rajendra Kumar, Indian actor (b. 1921) *2000 – Charles Merritt, Canadian colonel and politician, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1908) * 2001 – Fred Marcellino, American author and illustrator (b. 1939) *2003 – Benny Carter, American trumpet player, saxophonist, and composer (b. 1907) * 2003 – Mark Lovell, English race car driver (b. 1960) *2004 – Betty Oliphant, English-Canadian ballerina, co-founded the National Ballet School of Canada (b. 1918) *2005 – John King, Baron King of Wartnaby, English businessman (b. 1917) * 2007 – Robert Burås, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1975) * 2007 – Stan Zemanek, Australian radio and television host (b. 1947) *2008 – Bobby Murcer, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster (b. 1946) * 2008 – Tony Snow, American journalist, 26th White House Press Secretary (b. 1955) *2010 – Olga Guillot, Cuban-American singer (b. 1922) * 2010 – James P. Hogan (writer), James P. Hogan, English-American author (b. 1941) * 2010 – Paulo Moura, Brazilian clarinetist and saxophonist (b. 1932) * 2010 – Pius Njawé, Cameroonian journalist (b. 1957) * 2010 – Harvey Pekar, American author and critic (b. 1939) *2011 – Sherwood Schwartz, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1916) *

– Alimuddin (cricketer), Alimuddin, Pakistani cricketer (b. 1930) * 2012 – Dara Singh, Indian wrestler, actor, and politician (b. 1928) * 2012 – Eddy Brown, English footballer and manager (b. 1926) * 2012 – Else Holmelund Minarik, Danish-American author and illustrator (b. 1920) * 2012 – Roger Payne (mountaineer), Roger Payne, English mountaineer (b. 1956) * 2012 – Hamid Samandarian, Iranian director and playwright (b. 1931) * 2012 – George C. Stoney, American director and producer (b. 1916) *

– Amar Bose, American businessman, founded the Bose Corporation (b. 1929) * 2013 – Takako Takahashi, Japanese author (b. 1932) * 2013 – Elaine Morgan, Welsh writer (b. 1920) * 2013 – Alan Whicker, Egyptian-English journalist (b. 1925) *2014 – Jamil Ahmad (writer), Jamil Ahmad, Pakistani author (b. 1931) * 2014 – Nestor Basterretxea, Spanish painter and sculptor (b. 1924) * 2014 – Emil Bobu, Romanian politician (b. 1927) * 2014 – Alfred de Grazia, American political scientist and author (b. 1919) * 2014 – Kenneth J. Gray, American soldier and politician (b. 1924) * 2014 – Valeriya Novodvorskaya, Russian journalist and politician (b. 1950) *2015 – D'Army Bailey, American lawyer, judge, and actor (b. 1941) * 2015 – Chenjerai Hove, Zimbabwean journalist, author, and poet (b. 1956) * 2015 – Tenzin Delek Rinpoche, Tibetan monk and activist (b. 1950) * 2015 – Cheng Siwei, Chinese engineer, economist, and politician (b. 1935) *2016 – Goran Hadžić, Serbian politician (b. 1958) *2019 – Emily Hartridge, English Youtuber and television presenter (b. 1984) *2020 – Kelly Preston, American actress and model (b. 1962) * 2020 – Wim Suurbier, a Dutch football player, (b. 1945)

Holidays and observances

*Birthday of the Heir to the Crown of Tonga (Tonga) *Christian Calendar of saints, feast day: **Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (Eastern Orthodox) **Hermagoras of Aquileia, Hermagoras and Fortunatus **Jason of Thessalonica (Catholic Church) **John Gualbert **Louis Martin and Marie-Azélie Guérin **Nabor and Felix **Nathan Söderblom (Lutheran, Episcopal Church (USA)) **Saint Veronica, Veronica **Viventiolus **July 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *List of national independence days, Independence Day, celebrates the independence of

Kiribati Kiribati (), officially the Republic of Kiribati ( gil, ibaberikiKiribati),Kiribati
''The Wor ...

from the United Kingdom in 1979. *Independence Day, celebrates the independence of São Tomé and Príncipe from Portugal in 1975. *The second day of Naadam (Mongolia) *The Twelfth, also known as Orangemen's Day (

, Scotland, Newfoundland and Labrador)

References

External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:July 12 Days of the year July