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Mạc Đăng Dung
Mạc Đăng Dung (chữ Hán; 莫 登 庸; 23 November 1483 – 22 August 1541), also known by his temple name Mạc Thái Tổ (), was an emperor of Vietnam and the founder of the Mạc dynasty. Previously a captain of the imperial guard (Praetorian Prefect equivalent) of one of the Lê dynasty emperors, he gradually rose to a position of great power. Mạc eventually deposed the last Lê monarch, executed Lê Chiêu Tông and Lê Cung Hoàng, and became a monarch himself. From bodyguard to emperor The Ming's ethnic Vietnamese collaborators included Mac Thuy, whose grandfather was Mạc Đĩnh Chi, who was a direct ancestor of Mạc Đăng Dung. He was born Mạc Đăng Dung (莫登庸) on 23 November 1483 (Quý Mão in the sexagenary cycle) at the village of Cổ Trai, Nghi Dương district (modern Kiến Thụy, part of Haiphong city) as a fisherman's son. Mạc Đăng Dung got his start as a bodyguard to the Lê Emperor Lê Uy Mục. Mạc Đăng Dung was a military ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Vietnamese Monarchs
This article lists the monarchs of Vietnam. Under the emperor at home, king abroad system used by later dynasties, Vietnamese monarchs would use the title of ''emperor'' (皇帝, Hoàng đế; or other equivalents) domestically, and the more common term ''king'' (王, vương), ''sovereign'' (𪼀, vua), or ''his Majesty'' (陛下, Bệ hạ). Overview Some Vietnamese monarchs declared themselves kings (''vương'') or emperors (''hoàng đế''). Imperial titles were used for both domestic and foreign affairs, except for diplomatic missions to China where Vietnamese monarchs were regarded as kingship or prince. Many of the Later Lê monarchs were figurehead rulers, with the real powers resting on feudal lords and princes who were technically their servants. Most Vietnamese monarchs are known through their posthumous names or temple names, while the Nguyễn dynasty, the last reigning house is known through their era names. Titles Vietnamese titles Vietnamese monarchs used and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Hoàng Dụ
Nguyễn () is the most common Vietnamese surname. Outside of Vietnam, the surname is commonly rendered without diacritics as Nguyen. Nguyên (元）is a different word and surname. By some estimates 39 percent of Vietnamese people bear this surname.Lê Trung Hoa, ''Họ và tên người Việt Nam'', NXB Khoa học - Xã hội, 2005 Origin and usage "Nguyễn" is the spelling of the Sino-Vietnamese pronunciation of the Han character 阮 (, ). The same Han character is often romanized as ''Ruǎn'' in Mandarin, ''Yuen'' in Cantonese, ''Gnieuh'' or ''Nyoe¹'' in Wu Chinese, or ''Nguang'' in Hokchew. . Hanja reading (Korean) is 완 (''Wan'') or 원 (''Won'') and in Hiragana, it is げん (''Gen''), old reading as け゚ん (Ngen). The first recorded mention of a person surnamed Nguyen is a 317 CE description of a journey to Giao Châu undertaken by Eastern Jin dynasty (, ) officer and his family. Many events in Vietnamese history have contributed to the name's prominence. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern And Southern Dynasties (Vietnam)
The Northern and Southern dynasties ( vi, Nam-Bắc triều; Chữ Hán: ) in the history of Vietnam, spanning from 1533 to 1592, was a political period in the 16th century during which the Mạc dynasty (Northern dynasty), established by Mạc Đăng Dung in Đông Đô, and the Revival Lê dynasty (Southern dynasty) based in Tây Đô were in contention. For most of the period, these two dynasties fought a lengthy war known as the Lê–Mạc War. Initially, the domain of the Southern court was confined within Thanh Hoa province. After the expedition of Nguyễn Hoàng to reclaim Lê territory in the South from Mạc garrison force, Northern dynasty only controlled the provinces from Thanh Hoa up North. Both dynasties claimed to be the sole legitimate dynasty of Vietnam. The nobles and their clansmen switched side frequently to the extent that loyal retainers such as Prince Mạc Kính Điển were praised even by their foes as rare virtuous men. As lords without land, thes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mạc Hiến Tông
Mạc Hiến Tông (, ?–1546), birth name Mạc Phúc Hải (), was the third emperor of the Mạc dynasty of Annam from 1540 to 1546. He was born in Cao Đôi village, Bình Hà district (present day Nam Tan, Nam Sach, Hai Duong). He was the oldest son of emperor Mac Thai Tong and grandson of Mac Dang Dung.Bruce M. Lockhart, William J. Duiker ''The A to Z of Vietnam'' 1461731925 2010 Page 437 "Mạc Dynasty: Mạc Thái Tổ (Mạc Đăng Dung) (1527-30), Mạc Thái Tông (Mạc Đăng Doanh) (1530-40), Mạc Hiến Tông (Mạc Phúc Hải) (1540-46), Mạc Tuyên Tông (Mạc Phúc Nguyên) (1546-64), ruler without imperial titles: Mạc Mậu Hợp (1564-92)." Sources * ''Đại Việt Thông Sử'', Lê Quý Đôn Lê Quý Đôn (; 1726–1784) was an 18th-century Vietnamese poet, encyclopedist, and government official. His pseudonym was Quế - Đường. He was a native of Duyen Ha village in present-day Thái Bình Province. He is considered one of the ... (17 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red River (Vietnam)
The Red River, also known as the Hong River (; vi, Sông Hồng; Chữ Nôm: 瀧紅; Chữ Hán: 紅河), the ' and ' (lit. "Mother River") in Vietnamese, and the (, ' Nguyên Giang) in Chinese, is a -long river that flows from Yunnan in Southwest China through northern Vietnam to the Gulf of Tonkin. According to C. Michael Hogan, the associated Red River Fault was instrumental in forming the entire South China Sea at least as early as 37 million years before present. The name red and southern position in China are associated in traditional cardinal directions. Geography The Red River begins in China's Yunnan province in the mountains south of Dali. Main headstreams Leqiu River, Xi River and Juli River confluence at Nanjian where they form the Lishe River. The Lishe River meets with another headstream, the Yijie River at Hongtupo, Chuxiong Prefecture. It flows generally southeastward, passing through Yi and Dai ethnic minority areas before leaving ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mạc Đăng Doanh
Mạc ( Hán tự: 莫) is a Vietnamese surname. The name is transliterated as Mo in Chinese and Mua in Hmong language. It is also of Gaelic origin, meaning son, used as a prefix in many Irish and Scottish surnames e.g. MacDonald, and MacGregor. Mac is the anglicised variation of the surname Mạc. Distribution As a surname, Mac is the 409th most common surname, in Great Britain, with 23,149 bearers. It is most common in the City of Aberdeen, and Greater Manchester, where it is the 25th and 107th most common surname, in both counties having 3,268 bearers, respectively. Other concentrations include, the Western Isles, (13th,1,712), East Lothian, (63rd,1,698), the City of Glasgow, (90th,3,188), County Down, (147th,1,686), East Sussex, (247th,1,646), Belfast, (266th,1,682), Berkshire, (383rd,1,696), South Yorkshire, (466th,1,626), Merseyside, (490th,1,624), and Greater London, (1,189th,1,730). Notable people with the surname Mạc *Mạc Đĩnh Chi *Mạc Cửu, a Chinese adve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump regimes ruled by remnants of the Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the navy's dockyards in Nanjing were the largest in the world. He also took great care breaking the power of the court eunuchs and un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Trang Tông
Lê Trang Tông (, 1515 – 9 March 1548) was the 13th emperor of the Later Lê dynasty and the first of the Revival Lê dynasty.《歷朝憲章類誌》卷二十一·禮儀誌·太廟殿奉事各位。 His enthronement marked the re-establishment of the Later Lê dynasty following a six-year hiatus. Biography Lê Trang Tông was born in 1515 at Đông Kinh with real name Lê Ninh (黎寧). In 1527 general Mạc Đăng Dung overthrew the Lê emperor and established the Mạc dynasty, Lê Ninh and his royal family ran to Trấn Ninh and later hid deep inside Laos for 6 years. In 1533, a loyalist to Lê dynasty name Nguyễn Kim rebelled against the Mạc dynasty The Mạc dynasty ( vi, Nhà Mạc / ''Mạc triều''; Hán Nôm: 茹莫 / 莫 朝) (1527-1627), as known as House of Mạc ruled the whole of Đại Việt between 1527 and 1540 and the northern part of the country from 1540 until 1593, and ..., sent troops to Laos and brought Lê Ninh back to the throne, reig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trịnh Kiểm
Trịnh Kiểm (1503–1570) ruled northern part of Vietnam from 1545 to 1570. Trịnh Kiểm was the founder of the Trịnh lords or House of Trịnh who ruled Dai Viet while a succession of figurehead Later Lê emperors took the role as puppet government. During his rule, the war with the Mạc dynasty continued. Although he was the de facto ruler of Dai Viet during his reign, he never claimed himself the title of Lord, hence he is not the first official Trịnh lord but his son Trịnh Tùng is the first. Later Trịnh Kiểm was posthumously proclaimed a Trịnh lord by his descendants. Background Trịnh Kiểm claimed descent from Trịnh Khả, who was one of the top aides of Lê Lợi and later became the top official during the reign of child-king Lê Nhân Tông. His relationship to the General Trịnh who defeated a rebel army in 1511 and then led a rebellion of his own in 1517 is unknown. Also unknown is his relationship to Trịnh Duy Dai and Trịnh Duy Sản (two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Kim
Nguyen Kim (; 1468–1545) was a Vietnamese statesman who was the ancestor of the famous Nguyễn Lords who later ruled south Vietnam (and much later, all of Vietnam). During his rule, the war with the Mạc dynasty started. Nguyễn Kim claimed descent from Nguyễn Trãi, one of the top aides of Lê Lợi. He was the son of Nguyễn Hoang Du, one of the leaders of the first revolt against Mạc Đăng Dung). After the first revolt was crushed and his father executed, a second revolt against Mạc Đăng Dung took place in response to Dung's usurpation of the throne in 1527. This second revolt was led by Nguyễn Kim and his son-in-law, Trịnh Kiểm. Career In 1527, a high-rank military officer of the weakened court, Mạc Đăng Dung, seized power of Đại Việt. He deposed the ruling Lê monarch, Lê Cung Hoàng and made himself ruler of Đại Việt. In 1529, Nguyễn Kim who was a loyalist of the old royal family, went to Laos and submitted to the Laotian king Photi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thanh Hóa
Thanh Hóa () is the capital of Thanh Hóa Province. The city is situated in the east of the province on the Ma River (Sông Mã), about 150 kilometers (93 miles) south of Hanoi and 1560 kilometers (969 miles) north of Ho Chi Minh City. Thanh Hoa became one of the most populous cities in North Central Coast after expanding in 2012, with a population of approximately 400,000. Thanh Hoa township was upgraded to Thanh Hoa City in 1994 and has been the historical center of politics, economy, culture, education and entertainment of Thanh Hóa Province. Overview Thanh Hoa is a new developing city although its central position was established centuries before. Nowadays, provincial administrators are trying to build and gentrify the city so that its important role for the whole province and even North Central Coast is emphasised. History The Citadel of the Hồ Dynasty was the capital of the Trần dynasty from 1398 to 1400 and the Hồ dynasty from 1400 to 1407. The Thanh Hóa t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
