10 March

Events

Pre-1600

*241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end.
* 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes a triumphal entry into Carthage.
* 947 – The Later Han is founded by Liu Zhiyuan. He declares himself emperor.
*1496 – After establishing the city of Santo Domingo, Christopher Columbus departs for Spain, leaving his brother in command.
*1535 – Spaniard Fray Tomás de Berlanga, the fourth Bishop of Panama, discovers the Galápagos Islands by chance on his way to Peru.

1601–1900

*1607 – Susenyos I defeats the combined armies of Yaqob and Abuna Petros II at the Battle of Gol in Gojjam, making him Emperor of Ethiopia.
*1629 – Charles I dissolves the Parliament of England, beginning the eleven-year period known as the Personal Rule.
*1661 – French "Sun King" Louis XIV begins his personal rule of France after the death of his premier, the Cardinal Mazarin.
*1735 – An agreement between Nader Shah and Russia is signed near Ganja, Azerbaijan and Russian troops are withdrawn from occupied territories.
*1762 – French Huguenot Jean Calas, who had been wrongly convicted of killing his son, dies after being tortured by authorities; the event inspired Voltaire to begin a campaign for religious tolerance and legal reform.
*1814 – Emperor Napoleon I is defeated at the Battle of Laon in France.
*1830 – The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army is created.
*1831 – The French Foreign Legion is created by Louis Philippe, the King of France, from the foreign regiments of the Kingdom of France.
*1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Mexican–American War.
*1861 – El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of Ségou, destroying the Bamana Empire of Mali.
*1873 – The first Azerbaijani play, ''The Adventures of the Vizier of the Khan of Lenkaran'', prepared by Akhundov, is performed by Hassan-bey Zardabi and dramatist and Najaf-bey Vezirov.
*1876 – The first successful test of a telephone is made by Alexander Graham Bell.
*1891 – Almon Strowger patents the Strowger switch, a device which led to the automation of telephone circuit switching.

1901–present

*1906 – The Courrières mine disaster, Europe's worst ever, kills 1099 miners in northern France.
*1909 – By signing the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909, Thailand relinquishes its sovereignty over the Malay states of Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu, which become British protectorates.
*1922 – Mahatma Gandhi is arrested in India, tried for sedition, and sentenced to six years in prison, only to be released after nearly two years for an appendicitis operation.
*1933 – The Long Beach earthquake affects the Greater Los Angeles Area, leaving around 108 people dead.
*1944 – Greek Civil War: The Political Committee of National Liberation is established in Greece by the National Liberation Front.
*1945 – World War II: The U.S. Army Air Force firebombs Tokyo, and the resulting conflagration kills more than 100,000 people, mostly civilians.
*1949 – Mildred Gillars ("Axis Sally") is convicted of treason.
*1952 – Fulgencio Batista leads a successful coup in Cuba.
*1959 – Tibetan uprising: Fearing an abduction attempt by China, thousands of Tibetans surround the Dalai Lama's palace to prevent his removal.
*1966 – Military Prime Minister of South Vietnam Nguyễn Cao Kỳ sacks rival General Nguyễn Chánh Thi, precipitating large-scale civil and military dissension in parts of the nation.
*1969 – In Memphis, Tennessee, James Earl Ray pleads guilty to assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. He later unsuccessfully attempts to recant.
*1970 – Vietnam War: Captain Ernest Medina is charged by the U.S. military with My Lai war crimes.
*1975 – Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh Campaign: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Mê Thuột in the South on their way to capturing Saigon in the final push for victory over South Vietnam.
*1977 – Astronomers discover the rings of Uranus.
*1990 – In Haiti, Prosper Avril is ousted 18 months after seizing power in a coup.
*2000 – The Dot-com bubble peaks with the NASDAQ Composite stock market index reaching 5,048.62.
*2006 – The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter arrives at Mars.
*2017 – The impeachment of President Park Geun-hye of South Korea in response to a major political scandal is unanimously upheld by the country's Constitutional Court, ending her presidency.
*2019 – Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, a Boeing 737 MAX, crashes, leading to all 737 MAX aircraft being grounded worldwide.

Births

Pre-1600

*1452 – Ferdinand II, king of Castile and León (d. 1516)
*1503 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1564)
*1536 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, English politician, Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (d. 1572)
*1596 – Princess Maria Elizabeth of Sweden, daughter of King Charles IX of Sweden (d. 1618)

1601–1900

*1604 – Johann Rudolf Glauber, German-Dutch alchemist and chemist (d. 1670)
*1628 – François Girardon, French sculptor (d. 1715)
* 1628 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian physician and biologist (d. 1694)
*1653 – John Benbow, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1702)
*1656 – Giacomo Serpotta, Italian Rococo sculptor (d. 1732)
*1709 – Georg Wilhelm Steller, German botanist, zoologist, physician, and explorer (d. 1746)
*1749 – Lorenzo Da Ponte, Italian-American priest and poet (d. 1838)
*1769 – Joseph Williamson, English businessman and philanthropist (d. 1840)
*1772 – Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel, German poet and critic (d. 1829)
*1777 – Louis Hersent, French painter (d. 1860)
*1787 – Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo, Spanish playwright and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1862)
* 1787 – William Etty, English painter and academic (d. 1849)
*1788 – Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German author, poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1857)
* 1788 – Edward Hodges Baily, English sculptor (d. 1867)
*1789 – Manuel de la Peña y Peña, Mexican lawyer and 20th President (1847) (d. 1850)
*1795 – Joseph Légaré, Canadian painter and glazier, artist, seigneur and political figure (d. 1855)
*1810 – Samuel Ferguson, Irish poet and lawyer (d. 1886)
*1843 – Evelyn Abbott, English classical scholar (d. 1901)
*1844 – Pablo de Sarasate, Spanish violinist and composer (d. 1908)
* 1844 – Marie Euphrosyne Spartali, British Pre-Raphaelite painter (d. 1927)
*1845 – Alexander III of Russia (d. 1894)
*1846 – Edward Baker Lincoln, American son of Abraham Lincoln (d. 1850)
*1849 – Hallie Quinn Brown, African-American educator, writer and activist (d. 1949)
*1850 – Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (d. 1906)
*1853 – Thomas Mackenzie, Scottish-New Zealand cartographer and politician, 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1930)
*1867 – Hector Guimard, French-American architect (d. 1942)
* 1867 – Lillian Wald, American nurse, humanitarian, and author, founded the Henry Street Settlement (d. 1940)
*1870 – David Riazanov, Russian theorist and politician (d. 1938)
*1873 – Jakob Wassermann, German-Austrian soldier and author (d. 1934)
*1876 – Anna Hyatt Huntington, American sculptor (d. 1973)
*1877 – Pascual Ortiz Rubio, Mexican diplomat and president (1930-1932) (d. 1963)
*1881 – Jessie Boswell, English painter (d. 1956)
*1888 – Barry Fitzgerald, Irish actor (d. 1961)
*1890 – Albert Ogilvie, Australian politician, 28th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1939)
*1892 – Arthur Honegger, French composer and educator (d. 1955)
* 1892 – Gregory La Cava, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1952)
*1896 – Frederick Coulton Waugh, British cartoonist, painter, teacher and author (d. 1973)
*1900 – Violet Brown, Jamaican supercentenarian, oldest Jamaican ever (d. 2017)
* 1900 – Pandelis Pouliopoulos, Greek lawyer and politician (d. 1943)
*1901 – Michel Seuphor, Belgian painter (d. 1999)

1901–present

*1903 – Bix Beiderbecke, American cornet player, pianist, and composer (d. 1931)
* 1903 – Edward Bawden, British artist and illustrator (d. 1989)
* 1903 – Clare Boothe Luce, American playwright, journalist, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Italy (d. 1987)
*1915 – Harry Bertoia, Italian-American sculptor and furniture designer (d. 1978)
* 1915 – Joža Horvat, Croatian writer (d. 2012)
*1917 – David Hare, American Surrealist artist, sculptor, photographer and painter (d. 1992)
*1918 – Günther Rall, German general and pilot (d. 2009)
*1919 – Leonor Oyarzún, Chilean socialite, First Lady of Chile from 1990 to 1994 (d. 2022).
*1920 – Alfred Peet, Dutch-American businessman, founded Peet's Coffee & Tea (d. 2007)
*1923 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
*1924 – Judith Jones, American literary and cookbook editor (d. 2017)
*1925 – Bob Lanier, American lawyer, banker, and politician, Mayor of Houston (d. 2014)
*1926 – Marques Haynes, American basketball player (d. 2015)
*1927 – Claude Laydu, Belgian-French actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2011)
*1928 – Sara Montiel, Spanish actress (d. 2013)
* 1928 – James Earl Ray, American criminal; assassin of Martin Luther King Jr. (d. 1998)
*1929 – Sam Steiger, American journalist and politician (d. 2012)
*1930 – Sándor Iharos, Hungarian runner (d. 1996)
*1931 – Georges Dor, Canadian author, playwright, and composer (d. 2001)
*1932 – Marcia Falkender, Baroness Falkender, English politician (d. 2019)
*1934 – Gergely Kulcsár, Hungarian javelin thrower (d. 2020)
*1935 – Graham Farmer, Australian footballer and coach (d. 2019)
*1936 – Sepp Blatter, Swiss businessman
*1938 – Norman Blake, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
*1939 – Asghar Ali Engineer, Indian activist and author (d. 2013)
* 1939 – Irina Press, Ukrainian-Russian hurdler and pentathlete (d. 2004)
*1940 – Chuck Norris, American actor, producer, and martial artist
* 1940 – David Rabe, American playwright and screenwriter
*1943 – Peter Berresford Ellis, English historian and author
*1945 – Katharine Houghton, American actress and playwright
* 1945 – Madhavrao Scindia, Indian politician, Indian Minister of Railways (d. 2001)
*1946 – Gérard Garouste, French contemporary artist
* 1946 – Jim Valvano, American basketball player and coach (d. 1993)
*1947 – Kim Campbell, Canadian lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Canada
* 1947 – Tom Scholz, American rock musician
*1948 – Austin Carr, American basketball player
*1951 – Gloria Diaz, Filipino actress and beauty queen, Miss Universe 1969
*1952 – Morgan Tsvangirai, Zimbabwean politician, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (d. 2018)
*1953 – Paul Haggis, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
*1955 – Toshio Suzuki, Japanese race car driver
*1956 – Robert Llewellyn, English actor, producer, and screenwriter
* 1956 – Larry Myricks, American long jumper and sprinter
*1957 – Osama bin Laden, Saudi Arabian terrorist, founded al-Qaeda (d. 2011)
*1958 – Garth Crooks, English footballer and sportscaster
* 1958 – Steve Howe, American baseball player (d. 2006)
* 1958 – Sharon Stone, American actress and producer
*1961 – Laurel Clark, American captain, physician, and astronaut (d. 2003)
*1962 – Jasmine Guy, American actress, singer, and director
* 1962 – Seiko Matsuda, Japanese singer-songwriter
*1963 – Jeff Ament, American bass player and songwriter
* 1963 – Rick Rubin, American record producer
*1964 – Neneh Cherry, Swedish singer-songwriter
* 1964 – Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
*1965 – Jillian Richardson, Canadian sprinter
* 1965 – Rod Woodson, American football player, coach, and sportscaster
*1966 – Mike Timlin, American baseball player
*1968 – Pavel Srníček, Czech footballer and coach (d. 2015)
* 1968 – Alma Čardžić, Bosnian singer
*1971 – Jon Hamm, American actor and director
*1972 – Timbaland, American rapper and producer
*1973 – Jason Croker, Australian rugby league player and coach
* 1973 – Chris Sutton, English footballer
* 1973 – Mauricio Taricco, Argentinian footballer and assistant manager
*1976 – Barbara Schett, Austrian tennis player
*1977 – Shannon Miller, American gymnast
*1978 – Camille, French singer-songwriter and actress
* 1978 – Benjamin Burnley, American musician
*1981 – Samuel Eto'o, Cameroonian footballer
* 1981 – Steven Reid, English-Irish footballer
*1982 – Kwame Brown, American basketball player
*1983 – Étienne Boulay, Canadian football player
* 1983 – Rafe Spall, English actor
* 1983 – Janet Mock, American journalist, author, and activist
* 1983 – Carrie Underwood, American singer-songwriter
*1984 – Ben May, English footballer
*1987 – Martellus Bennett, American football player
* 1987 – Greg Eastwood, New Zealand rugby league player
* 1987 – Māris Štrombergs, Latvian BMX racer
*1988 – Josh Hoffman, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
* 1988 – Ego Nwodim, American actress
* 1988 – Ivan Rakitić, Croatian football player
* 1990 – Stefanie Vögele, Swiss tennis player
*1992 – Neeskens Kebano, French-born Congolese international footballer
*1993 – Jack Butland, English footballer
* 1993 – Aminata Namasia, Congolese politician
*1994 – Nikita Parris, English footballer
*1995 – DaeSean Hamilton, American football player
* 1995 – Zach LaVine, American basketball player
* 1995 – Sergey Mozgov, Russian ice dancer
*1997 – Belinda Bencic, Swiss tennis player

Deaths

Pre-1600

* 483 – Pope Simplicius
* 948 – Liu Zhiyuan, Shatuo founder of the Later Han dynasty (b. 895)
*1291 – Arghun, Mongol ruler in Persia (b. c.1258)
*1315 – Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian mystic
*1513 – John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, English commander and politician, Lord High Constable of England (b. 1442)
*1528 – Balthasar Hübmaier, German/Moravian Anabaptist leader
*1572 – William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester
*1585 – Rembert Dodoens, Flemish physician and botanist (b. 1517)

1601–1900

*1682 – Jacob van Ruisdael, Dutch painter and etcher (b. 1628)
*1724 – Urban Hjärne, Swedish chemist, geologist, and physician (b. 1641)
*1776 – Élie Catherine Fréron, French author and critic (b. 1718)
*1792 – John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, Scottish politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1713)
*1826 – John Pinkerton, Scottish antiquarian, cartographer, author, numismatist and historian (b. 1758)
*1832 – Muzio Clementi, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1752)
*1861 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet, playwright, and ethnographer (b. 1814)
*1872 – Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian journalist and politician (b. 1805)
*1895 – Charles Frederick Worth, English-French fashion designer (b. 1825)
*1897 – Savitribai Phule, Indian poet and activist (b. 1831)
*1898 – Marie-Eugénie de Jésus, French nun and saint, founded the Religious of the Assumption (b. 1817)

1901–present

*1910 – Karl Lueger, Austrian lawyer and politician Mayor of Vienna (b. 1844)
* 1910 – Carl Reinecke, German pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1824)
*1913 – Harriet Tubman, American nurse and activist (b. c.1820)
*1925 – Myer Prinstein, Polish-American jumper (b. 1878)
*1937 – Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian journalist and author (b. 1884)
*1940 – Mikhail Bulgakov, Russian novelist and playwright (b. 1891)
*1942 – Wilbur Scoville, American pharmacist and chemist (b. 1865)
*1948 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American author, visual artist, and ballet dancer (b. 1900)
* 1948 – Jan Masaryk, Czech soldier and politician (b. 1886)
*1951 – Kijūrō Shidehara, Japanese lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1872)
*1966 – Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)
* 1966 – Frank O'Connor, Irish short story writer, novelist, and poet (b. 1903)
*1977 – E. Power Biggs, English-American organist and composer (b. 1906)
*1985 – Konstantin Chernenko, Russian soldier and politician, Head of State of The Soviet Union (b. 1911)
* 1985 – Bob Nieman, American baseball player (b. 1927)
*1986 – Ray Milland, Welsh-American actor and director (b. 1907)
*1988 – Andy Gibb, Australian singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1958)
*1992 – Giorgos Zampetas, Greek bouzouki player and composer (b. 1925)
*1996 – Ross Hunter, American film producer (b. 1926)
*1997 – LaVern Baker, American singer and actress (b. 1929)
*1998 – Lloyd Bridges, American actor and director (b. 1913)
*1999 – Oswaldo Guayasamín, Ecuadorian painter and sculptor (b. 1919)
*2005 – Dave Allen, Irish-English comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1936)
*2007 – Ernie Ladd, American football player and wrestler (b. 1938)
*2010 – Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy, Egyptian scholar and academic (b. 1928)
* 2010 – Corey Haim, Canadian actor (b. 1971)
*2011 – Bill Blackbeard, American author and illustrator (b. 1926)
*2012 – Jean Giraud, French author and illustrator (b. 1938)
* 2012 – Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)
*2013 – Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, British born Swedish Princess (b.1915)
*2015 – Richard Glatzer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
*2016 – Ken Adam, German-English production designer and art director (b. 1921)
* 2016 – Roberto Perfumo, Argentinian footballer and sportscaster
* 2016 – Jovito Salonga, Filipino lawyer and politician, 14th President of the Senate of the Philippines (b. 1920)
* 2016 – Anita Brookner, English novelist and art historian (b. 1928)
*2022 – John Elliott, English historian and academic (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances

*Christian feast day
** Attala
**Harriet Tubman (Lutheran)
** John Ogilvie
** Macarius of Jerusalem
**Marie-Eugénie de Jésus
** Pope Simplicius
**Sojourner Truth (Lutheran)
** March 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
*Harriet Tubman Day (United States of America)
*Holocaust Remembrance Day (Bulgaria)
* Mario Day (Globally)
*Men's Day (Poland)
* National Women and Girls HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (United States)
*Székely Freedom Day (Romania)
*Tibetan Uprising Day (Tibetan independence movement)

References

External links

BBC: On This Day
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Historical Events on March 10

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Days of the year
March