This list contains selected positive

number A number is a mathematical object used to count, measure, and label. The most basic examples are the natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and so forth. Numbers can be represented in language with number words. More universally, individual numbers can ...

s in increasing order, including counts of things,

dimensionless quantities Dimensionless quantities, or quantities of dimension one, are quantities implicitly defined in a manner that prevents their aggregation into units of measurement. ISBN 978-92-822-2272-0. Typically expressed as ratios that align with another sy ...

and

probabilities Probability is a branch of mathematics and statistics concerning Event (probability theory), events and numerical descriptions of how likely they are to occur. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1; the larger the probab ...

. Each number is given a name in the

short scale The long and short scales are two powers of ten number naming systems that are consistent with each other for smaller numbers, but are contradictory for larger numbers. Other numbering systems, particularly in East Asia and South Asia, hav ...

, which is used in English-speaking countries, as well as a name in the

long scale The long and short scales are two powers of ten number naming systems that are consistent with each other for smaller numbers, but are contradictory for larger numbers. Other numbering systems, particularly in East Asia and South Asia, ha ...

, which is used in some of the countries that do not have English as their national language.

Smaller than (one googolth)

* ''Physics:'' The probability of a human spontaneously teleporting due to quantum effects is approximately 10^{−4.5×10²⁹}. * ''Mathematics – random selections:'' Approximately is a rough first estimate of the probability that a typing "

monkey Monkey is a common name that may refer to most mammals of the infraorder Simiiformes, also known as simians. Traditionally, all animals in the group now known as simians are counted as monkeys except the apes. Thus monkeys, in that sense, co ...

", or an English-illiterate typing robot, when placed in front of a typewriter, will type out William Shakespeare's play ''

Hamlet ''The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark'', often shortened to ''Hamlet'' (), is a Shakespearean tragedy, tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play. Set in Denmark, the play (the ...

'' as its first set of inputs, on the precondition it typed the needed number of characters. However, demanding correct

punctuation Punctuation marks are marks indicating how a piece of writing, written text should be read (silently or aloud) and, consequently, understood. The oldest known examples of punctuation marks were found in the Mesha Stele from the 9th century BC, c ...

capitalization Capitalization ( North American spelling; also British spelling in Oxford) or capitalisation (Commonwealth English; all other meanings) is writing a word with its first letter as a capital letter (uppercase letter) and the remaining letters in ...

, and spacing, the probability falls to around 10^−360,783. * ''Computing:'' 2.2 is approximately equal to the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by an octuple-precision IEEE floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' 2.5 is approximately equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by an octuple-precision IEEE floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' 1 is equal to the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a quadruple-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' 1 is equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a quadruple-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' 6.5 is approximately equal to the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a quadruple-precision IEEE floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' 3.6 is approximately equal to the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by an 80-bit x86 double-extended IEEE floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' 3.4 is approximately equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a quadruple-precision IEEE floating-point value and an 80-bit x86 double-extended IEEE floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' 1 is equal to the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a double-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' 1 is equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a double-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' 4.9 is approximately equal to the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a

double-precision Double-precision floating-point format (sometimes called FP64 or float64) is a floating-point number format, usually occupying 64 bits in computer memory; it represents a wide range of numeric values by using a floating radix point. Double prec ...

IEEE floating-point The IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic (IEEE 754) is a technical standard for floating-point arithmetic originally established in 1985 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). The standard addressed many proble ...

value. * ''Computing:'' 2.2 is approximately equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a

value. * ''Mathematics:'' 1.5 is approximately equal to the probability that in a randomly selected group of 365 people, all of them will have different birthdays. * ''Computing:'' 1 is equal to the smallest non-zero value that can be represented by a single-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value.

10⁻¹⁰⁰ to 10⁻³⁰

* ''Computing:'' 1 is equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a single-precision IEEE decimal floating-point value. Card shuffle

* ''Mathematics:'' The chances of

shuffling Shuffling is a technique used to randomize a deck of playing cards, introducing an element of chance into card games. Various shuffling methods exist, each with its own characteristics and potential for manipulation. One of the simplest shuf ...

standard 52-card deck The standard 52-card deck of French-suited playing cards is the most common pack of playing cards used today. The main feature of most playing card decks that empower their use in diverse games and other activities is their double-sided design, w ...

in any specific order is around 1.24 (or exactly ) * ''Computing:'' The number 1.4 is approximately equal to the smallest positive non-zero value that can be represented by a

single-precision Single-precision floating-point format (sometimes called FP32 or float32) is a computer number format, usually occupying 32 bits in computer memory; it represents a wide dynamic range of numeric values by using a floating radix point. A floati ...

IEEE floating-point value. * ''Computing:'' The number 1.2 is approximately equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a

IEEE floating-point value.

10⁻³⁰

(; 1000⁻¹⁰;

: one nonillionth;

: one quintillionth) ISO:

quecto- A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The pre ...

(q) * ''Mathematics:'' The probability in a game of

bridge A bridge is a structure built to Span (engineering), span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or railway) without blocking the path underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, whi ...

of all four players getting a complete

suit A suit, also called a lounge suit, business suit, dress suit, or formal suit, is a set of clothes comprising a suit jacket and trousers of identical textiles generally worn with a collared dress shirt, necktie, and dress shoes. A skirt su ...

each is approximately .

10⁻²⁷

(; 1000⁻⁹;

: one octillionth;

: one quadrilliardth) ISO:

ronto- A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The pre ...

(r)

10⁻²⁴

(; 1000⁻⁸;

: one septillionth;

: one quadrillionth) ISO:

yocto- A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The pre ...

(y)

10⁻²¹

(; 1000⁻⁷;

: one sextillionth;

: one trilliardth) ISO:

zepto- A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The pre ...

(z) * ''Mathematics:'' The probability of matching 20 numbers for 20 in a game of

keno Keno is a lottery-like gambling game often played at modern casinos, and also offered as a game in some lotteries. Players wager by choosing numbers ranging from 1 through (usually) 80. After all players make their wagers, 20 numbers (some va ...

is approximately 2.83 × 10⁻¹⁹. * ''Mathematics:'' The odds of a perfect bracket in the

NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament The NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, branded as March Madness, or The Big Dance, is a single-elimination tournament played in the United States to determine the men's college basketball national champion of the NCAA Division I, Di ...

are 1 in 2⁶³, approximately 1.08 × 10⁻¹⁹, if coin flips are used to predict the winners of the 63 matches.

10⁻¹⁸

(; 1000⁻⁶;

: one quintillionth;

: one trillionth) ISO:

atto- A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The pre ...

(a) * ''Mathematics:'' The probability of rolling snake eyes 10 times in a row on a pair of fair dice is about .

10⁻¹⁵

(; 1000⁻⁵;

: one quadrillionth;

: one billiardth) ISO:

femto- A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The pr ...

(f) * ''Mathematics'': The

Ramanujan constant In number theory, a Heegner number (as termed by Conway and Guy) is a square-free positive integer ''d'' such that the imaginary quadratic field \Q\left sqrt\right/math> has class number 1. Equivalently, the ring of algebraic integers of \Q\left ...

e^ = 262\,537\,412\,640\,768\,743.999\,999\,999\,999\,25\ldots,

is an

almost integer In recreational mathematics, an almost integer (or near-integer) is any number that is not an integer but is very close to one. Almost integers may be considered interesting when they arise in some context in which they are unexpected. Almost i ...

, differing from the nearest integer by approximately .

10⁻¹²

(; 1000⁻⁴;

: one trillionth;

: one billionth) ISO:

pico- A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The pre ...

(p) * ''Mathematics:'' The probability in a game of

of one player getting a complete suit is approximately (). * ''Biology:'' Human visual sensitivity to 1000 nm light is approximately of its peak sensitivity at 555 nm.

10⁻⁹

(; 1000⁻³;

: one billionth;

: one milliardth) ISO:

nano- Nano (symbol n) is a unit prefix meaning one billionth. Used primarily with the metric system, this prefix denotes a factor of 10−9 or . It is frequently encountered in science and electronics for prefixing units of time and length. The p ...

(n) * ''Mathematics – Lottery:'' The odds of winning the Grand Prize (matching all 6 numbers) in the US

Powerball Powerball is an American lottery game offered by 45 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and overseen by the Multi-State Lottery Association (MUSL), which also manages other large jackpot games such as t ...

lottery, with a single ticket, under the rules , are 292,201,338 to 1 against, for a probability of (). * ''Mathematics – Lottery:'' The odds of winning the Grand Prize (matching all 6 numbers) in the Australian

lottery, with a single ticket, under the rules , are 134,490,400 to 1 against, for a probability of (). * ''Mathematics – Lottery:'' The odds of winning the Jackpot (matching the 6 main numbers) in the current 59-ball UK National Lottery Lotto, with a single ticket, under the rules , are 45,057,474 to 1 against, for a probability of (). * ''Computing:'' The number 6 is approximately equal to the smallest positive non-zero value that can be represented by a

half-precision In computing, half precision (sometimes called FP16 or float16) is a binary floating-point computer number format that occupies 16 bits (two bytes in modern computers) in computer memory. It is intended for storage of floating-point values in app ...

IEEE floating-point value. * ''Mathematics – Lottery:'' The odds of winning the Jackpot (matching the 6 main numbers) in the former 49-ball UK

National Lottery National Lottery may refer to: *National Lottery (Ireland), the state lottery of Ireland *National Lottery (United Kingdom), the lottery franchise in the United Kingdom *South African National Lottery, established in 2000 *A number of countries con ...

, with a single ticket, were 13,983,815 to 1 against, for a probability of ().

10⁻⁶

(; 1000⁻²;

long and short scales The long and short scales are two power of 10, powers of ten number naming systems that are consistent with each other for smaller order of magnitude, numbers, but are contradictory for larger numbers. Other numbering systems, particularly ...

: one millionth) ISO:

micro- ''Micro'' (Greek letter μ, Mu (letter), mu, non-Italic type, italic) is a metric prefix, unit prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one millionth (10−6). It comes from the Ancient Greek, Greek word (), meaning "small". It is the ...

(μ)

* ''Mathematics –

Poker Poker is a family of Card game#Comparing games, comparing card games in which Card player, players betting (poker), wager over which poker hand, hand is best according to that specific game's rules. It is played worldwide, with varying rules i ...

:'' The odds of being dealt a royal flush in poker are 649,739 to 1 against, for a probability of 1.5 (). * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' The odds of being dealt a

straight flush In poker, players form sets of five playing cards, called ''hands'', according to the rules of the game. Each hand has a rank, which is compared against the ranks of other hands participating in the showdown to decide who wins the pot. In hi ...

(other than a royal flush) in poker are 72,192 to 1 against, for a probability of 1.4 (0.0014%). * ''Computing:'' The number 6.1 is approximately equal to the smallest positive normal number that can be represented by a

IEEE floating-point value. * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' The odds of being dealt a four of a kind in poker are 4,164 to 1 against, for a probability of 2.4 (0.024%).

10⁻³

(0.001; 1000⁻¹; one thousandth) ISO:

milli- ''Milli'' (symbol m) is a unit prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one thousandth (10−3). Proposed in 1793, and adopted in 1795, the prefix comes from the Latin , meaning ''one thousand'' (the Latin plural is ). Since 1960, the pre ...

(m) * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' The odds of being dealt a

full house ''Full House'' is an American television sitcom created by Jeff Franklin for American Broadcasting Company, ABC. The show is about the recently widowed father Danny Tanner who enlists his brother-in-law Jesse Katsopolis and childhood best friend ...

in poker are 693 to 1 against, for a probability of 1.4 × 10⁻³ (0.14%). * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' The odds of being dealt a

flush Flush may refer to: Places * Flush, Kansas, a community in the United States Architecture, construction and manufacturing * Flush cut, a type of cut made with a French flush-cut saw or diagonal pliers * Flush deck, in naval architecture * F ...

in poker are 507.8 to 1 against, for a probability of 1.9 × 10⁻³ (0.19%). * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' The odds of being dealt a

straight Straight may refer to: Slang * Straight, slang for heterosexual ** Straight-acting, normal person * Straight, a member of the straight edge subculture Sport and games * Straight, an alternative name for the cross, a type of punch in boxing * Str ...

in poker are 253.8 to 1 against, for a probability of 4 × 10⁻³ (0.39%). * ''Physics:'' ''α'' = , the

fine-structure constant In physics, the fine-structure constant, also known as the Sommerfeld constant, commonly denoted by (the Alpha, Greek letter ''alpha''), is a Dimensionless physical constant, fundamental physical constant that quantifies the strength of the el ...

10⁻²

(0.01; one

hundredth In arithmetic, a hundredth is a single part of something that has been divided equally into a hundred parts. For example, a hundredth of 675 is 6.75. In this manner it is used with the prefix "centi-" such as in centimeter. A hundredth is also one ...

) ISO:

centi- ''Centi'' (symbol c) is a unit prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one hundredth. Proposed in 1793, and adopted in 1795, the prefix comes from the Latin , meaning "hundred" (cf. century, cent, percent, centennial). Since 1960, the pr ...

UK National Lottery The National Lottery is the state-franchising, franchised national lottery established in 1994 in the United Kingdom. It is regulated by the Gambling Commission, and is operated by Allwyn Entertainment, who took over from Camelot Group (who ha ...

, with a single ticket, under the rules as of 2003, are 54 to 1 against, for a probability of about 0.018 (1.8%). * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' The odds of being dealt a three of a kind in poker are 46 to 1 against, for a probability of 0.021 (2.1%). * ''Mathematics – Lottery:'' The odds of winning any prize in the

, with a single ticket, under the rules as of 2015, are 24.87 to 1 against, for a probability of 0.0402 (4.02%). * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' The odds of being dealt

two pair In poker, players form sets of five playing cards, called ''hands'', according to the rules of the game. Each hand has a rank, which is compared against the ranks of other hands participating in the showdown to decide who wins the pot. In hi ...

in poker are 21 to 1 against, for a probability of 0.048 (4.8%).

10⁻¹

(0.1; one tenth) ISO:

deci- ''Deci'' (symbol d) is a decimal unit prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one tenth. Proposed in 1793, and adopted in 1795, the prefix comes from the Latin , meaning "tenth". Since 1960, the prefix is part of the International Syste ...

(d) * ''Legal history'': 10% was widespread as the

tax A tax is a mandatory financial charge or levy imposed on an individual or legal entity by a governmental organization to support government spending and public expenditures collectively or to regulate and reduce negative externalities. Tax co ...

raised for income or produce in the ancient and medieval period; see

tithe A tithe (; from Old English: ''teogoþa'' "tenth") is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. Modern tithes are normally voluntary and paid in money, cash, cheques or v ...

. * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' The odds of being dealt only

one pair In poker, players form sets of five playing cards, called ''hands'', according to the rules of the game. Each hand has a rank, which is compared against the ranks of other hands participating in the showdown to decide who wins the pot. In hi ...

in poker are about 5 to 2 against (2.37 to 1), for a probability of 0.42 (42%). * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' The odds of being dealt

no pair In poker, players form sets of five playing cards, called ''hands'', according to the rules of the game. Each hand has a rank, which is compared against the ranks of other hands participating in the showdown to decide who wins the pot. In hig ...

in poker are nearly 1 to 2, for a probability of about 0.5 (50%). * ''Mathematics:'' ≈ 0.693147181

10⁰

(1;

one 1 (one, unit, unity) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the first and smallest positive integer of the infinite sequence of natural numbers. This fundamental property has led to its unique uses in other fields, ranging from science to sp ...

) * ''Demography:'' The population of Monowi, an incorporated village in

Nebraska Nebraska ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Ka ...

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

, was one in 2010. * ''Religion:'' One is the number of gods in

Judaism Judaism () is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic, Monotheism, monotheistic, ethnic religion that comprises the collective spiritual, cultural, and legal traditions of the Jews, Jewish people. Religious Jews regard Judaism as their means of o ...

Christianity Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion, which states that Jesus in Christianity, Jesus is the Son of God (Christianity), Son of God and Resurrection of Jesus, rose from the dead after his Crucifixion of Jesus, crucifixion, whose ...

, and

Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world ...

(

monotheistic religion Monotheism is the belief that one God is the only, or at least the dominant deity. Cross, F.L.; Livingstone, E.A., eds. (1974). "Monotheism". The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (2 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. A distinction ...

s). * ''Computing –

Unicode Unicode or ''The Unicode Standard'' or TUS is a character encoding standard maintained by the Unicode Consortium designed to support the use of text in all of the world's writing systems that can be digitized. Version 16.0 defines 154,998 Char ...

:'' One character is assigned to the

Lisu Supplement Lisu Supplement is a Unicode block containing supplementary characters of the Fraser alphabet, which is used to write the Lisu language. This is a supplement to the main Lisu block, with currently only a single character used for the Naxi langu ...

Unicode block A Unicode block is one of several contiguous ranges of numeric character codes (code points) of the Unicode character set that are defined by the Unicode Consortium for administrative and documentation purposes. Typically, proposals such as the ...

, the fewest of any public-use Unicode block as of Unicode 15.0 (2022). * ''Mathematics:'' 1 is the only natural number (not including 0) that is not prime or composite. * ''Computing:'' 1.0000000000000002 is approximately equal to the smallest value greater than one that can be represented in the IEEE

double precision floating-point format Double-precision floating-point format (sometimes called FP64 or float64) is a floating-point number format, usually occupying 64 bits in computer memory; it represents a wide range of numeric values by using a floating radix point. Double prec ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' ≈ , the length of a side of a

cube A cube or regular hexahedron is a three-dimensional space, three-dimensional solid object in geometry, which is bounded by six congruent square (geometry), square faces, a type of polyhedron. It has twelve congruent edges and eight vertices. It i ...

with a volume of 2. * ''Mathematics:'' If the Riemann hypothesis is true,

Mills' constant In number theory, Mills' constant is defined as the smallest positive real number ''A'' such that the floor function of the double exponential function : \left\lfloor A^ \right\rfloor is a prime number for all positive natural numbers ''n''. ...

is approximately 1.3063778838630806904686144926... . * ''Mathematics:'' ≈ , the ratio of the

diagonal In geometry, a diagonal is a line segment joining two vertices of a polygon or polyhedron, when those vertices are not on the same edge. Informally, any sloping line is called diagonal. The word ''diagonal'' derives from the ancient Greek � ...

of a

square In geometry, a square is a regular polygon, regular quadrilateral. It has four straight sides of equal length and four equal angles. Squares are special cases of rectangles, which have four equal angles, and of rhombuses, which have four equal si ...

to its side length. * ''Mathematics:'' φ ≈ , the

golden ratio In mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their summation, sum to the larger of the two quantities. Expressed algebraically, for quantities and with , is in a golden ratio to if \fr ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' ≈ , the ratio of the

of a

unit cube A unit cube, more formally a cube of side 1, is a cube whose sides are 1 unit long.. See in particulap. 671. The volume of a 3-dimensional unit cube is 1 cubic unit, and its total surface area is 6 square units.. Unit hypercube The term '' ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' the number system understood by most computers, the

binary Binary may refer to: Science and technology Mathematics * Binary number, a representation of numbers using only two values (0 and 1) for each digit * Binary function, a function that takes two arguments * Binary operation, a mathematical op ...

system, uses 2 digits: 0 and 1. *''Mathematics:'' ≈ 2.236 067 9775, the correspondent to the diagonal of a rectangle whose side lengths are 1 and 2. *''Mathematics:'' + 1 ≈ , the

silver ratio In mathematics, the silver ratio is a geometrical aspect ratio, proportion with exact value the positive polynomial root, solution of the equation The name ''silver ratio'' results from analogy with the golden ratio, the positive solution of ...

; the ratio of the smaller of the two quantities to the larger quantity is the same as the ratio of the larger quantity to the sum of the smaller quantity and twice the larger quantity. * ''Mathematics:'' e ≈ , the base of the

natural logarithm The natural logarithm of a number is its logarithm to the base of a logarithm, base of the e (mathematical constant), mathematical constant , which is an Irrational number, irrational and Transcendental number, transcendental number approxima ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' the number system understood by

ternary computer A ternary computer, also called trinary computer, is one that uses ternary logic (i.e., base 3) instead of the more common binary system (i.e., base 2) in its calculations. Ternary computers use trits, instead of binary bits. Types of states ...

s, the ternary system, uses 3 digits: 0, 1, and 2. * ''Religion:'' three manifestations of God in the Christian

Trinity The Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the Christian doctrine concerning the nature of God, which defines one God existing in three, , consubstantial divine persons: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ) and God the Holy Spirit, thr ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' π ≈ , the ratio of a

circle A circle is a shape consisting of all point (geometry), points in a plane (mathematics), plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the Centre (geometry), centre. The distance between any point of the circle and the centre is cal ...

's circumference to its diameter. * ''Religion:'' the

Four Noble Truths In Buddhism, the Four Noble Truths (; ; "The Four Arya (Buddhism), arya satya") are "the truths of the noble one (the Buddha)," a statement of how things really are (Three marks of existence, the three marks of existence) when they are seen co ...

in Buddhism. * ''Human scale:'' There are five digits on a human

hand A hand is a prehensile, multi-fingered appendage located at the end of the forearm or forelimb of primates such as humans, chimpanzees, monkeys, and lemurs. A few other vertebrates such as the Koala#Characteristics, koala (which has two thumb#O ...

, and five

toe Toes are the digits of the foot of a tetrapod. Animal species such as cats that walk on their toes are described as being ''digitigrade''. Humans, and other animals that walk on the soles of their feet, are described as being ''plantigrade''; ...

s on a human

foot The foot (: feet) is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion. In many animals with feet, the foot is an organ at the terminal part of the leg made up o ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' 6 is the smallest

perfect number In number theory, a perfect number is a positive integer that is equal to the sum of its positive proper divisors, that is, divisors excluding the number itself. For instance, 6 has proper divisors 1, 2 and 3, and 1 + 2 + 3 = 6, so 6 is a perfec ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' 𝜏 ≈ , the ratio of a

's circumference to its radius. * ''Biology:'' 7 ± 2, in

cognitive science Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include percep ...

, George A. Miller's estimate of the number of objects that can be simultaneously held in human

working memory Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can Memory, hold information temporarily. It is important for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior. Working memory is often used synonymously with short-term m ...

. * ''Music'': 7 notes in a

major Major most commonly refers to: * Major (rank), a military rank * Academic major, an academic discipline to which an undergraduate student formally commits * People named Major, including given names, surnames, nicknames * Major and minor in musi ...

minor scale In Classical_music, Western classical music theory, the minor scale refers to three Scale (music), scale patterns – the natural minor scale (or Aeolian mode), the harmonic minor scale, and the melodic minor scale (ascending or descending). ...

. * ''Astronomy:'' 8 planets in the

Solar System The Solar SystemCapitalization of the name varies. The International Astronomical Union, the authoritative body regarding astronomical nomenclature, specifies capitalizing the names of all individual astronomical objects but uses mixed "Sola ...

: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. * ''Biology –

Spider anatomy The anatomy of spiders includes many characteristics shared with other arachnids. These characteristics include bodies divided into two tagmata (sections or segments), eight jointed legs, no wings or antennae, the presence of chelicerae and pedi ...

:'' Eight jointed legs of a

spider Spiders (order (biology), order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight limbs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude spider silk, silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and ran ...

. * ''Religion:'' the

Noble Eightfold Path The Noble Eightfold Path () or Eight Right Paths () is an early summary of the path of Buddhist practices leading to liberation from samsara, the painful cycle of rebirth, in the form of nirvana. The Eightfold Path consists of eight pra ...

in Buddhism. * ''Literature:'' 9 circles of

Hell In religion and folklore, hell is a location or state in the afterlife in which souls are subjected to punishment after death. Religions with a linear divine history sometimes depict hells as eternal destinations, such as Christianity and I ...

in the '' Inferno'' by

Dante Alighieri Dante Alighieri (; most likely baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri; – September 14, 1321), widely known mononymously as Dante, was an Italian Italian poetry, poet, writer, and philosopher. His ''Divine Comedy'', originally called ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' 9 is the first odd number that is

composite Composite or compositing may refer to: Materials * Composite material, a material that is made from several different substances ** Metal matrix composite, composed of metal and other parts ** Cermet, a composite of ceramic and metallic material ...

10¹

(10;

ten Ten, TEN or 10 may refer to: * 10, an even natural number following 9 and preceding 11 * one of the years 10 BC, AD 10, 1910, 2010, 2110 * October, the tenth month of the year Places * Mount Ten, in Vietnam * Tongren Fenghuang Airport (IATA c ...

) ISO:

deca- Deca (and dec), sometimes deka, is a common English-language numeral prefix derived from the Late Latin ("(set of) ten"), from Ancient Greek , from (déka, " ten"). It is used in many words. It is also a decimal unit prefix in the Internat ...

(da) * ''Demography:'' The population of Pesnopoy, a village in

Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey t ...

, was 10 in 2007. * ''Human scale:'' There are 10 digits on a pair of human

s, and 10

s on a pair of human

feet The foot (: feet) is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion. In many animals with feet, the foot is an organ at the terminal part of the leg made up of ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' The

decimal The decimal numeral system (also called the base-ten positional numeral system and denary or decanary) is the standard system for denoting integer and non-integer numbers. It is the extension to non-integer numbers (''decimal fractions'') of th ...

system has 10 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. * ''Religion:'' the

Ten Commandments The Ten Commandments (), or the Decalogue (from Latin , from Ancient Greek , ), are religious and ethical directives, structured as a covenant document, that, according to the Hebrew Bible, were given by YHWH to Moses. The text of the Ten ...

in the

Abrahamic religions The term Abrahamic religions is used to group together monotheistic religions revering the Biblical figure Abraham, namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The religions share doctrinal, historical, and geographic overlap that contrasts them wit ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' 11 is the first prime exponent that does not yield a

Mersenne prime In mathematics, a Mersenne prime is a prime number that is one less than a power of two. That is, it is a prime number of the form for some integer . They are named after Marin Mersenne, a French Minim friar, who studied them in the early 1 ...

. * ''Music:'' There are 12 notes in the

chromatic scale The chromatic scale (or twelve-tone scale) is a set of twelve pitches (more completely, pitch classes) used in tonal music, with notes separated by the interval of a semitone. Chromatic instruments, such as the piano, are made to produce the ...

. * ''Astrology:'' There are 12

zodiac signs In Western astrology, astrological signs are the twelve 30-degree sectors that make up Earth's 360-degree orbit around the Sun. The signs enumerate from the first day of spring, known as the First Point of Aries, which is the vernal equinox. T ...

, each one representing part of the annual path of the sun's movement across the night sky. * ''Computing –

Microsoft Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sec ...

:'' Twelve successive consumer versions of

Windows NT Windows NT is a Proprietary software, proprietary Graphical user interface, graphical operating system produced by Microsoft as part of its Windows product line, the first version of which, Windows NT 3.1, was released on July 27, 1993. Original ...

have been released as of December 2021. * ''Culture:'' 13 is considered an "unlucky" number in Western superstition. * ''Music:'' Composers

Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. He is one of the most revered figures in the history of Western music; his works rank among the most performed of the classical music repertoire ...

and

Dmitri Shostakovich Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich, group=n (9 August 1975) was a Soviet-era Russian composer and pianist who became internationally known after the premiere of his First Symphony in 1926 and thereafter was regarded as a major composer. Shostak ...

both completed and numbered 15

string quartet The term string quartet refers to either a type of musical composition or a group of four people who play them. Many composers from the mid-18th century onwards wrote string quartets. The associated musical ensemble consists of two Violin, violini ...

s in their lifetimes. * ''Linguistics:'' The

Finnish language Finnish (endonym: or ) is a Finnic languages, Finnic language of the Uralic languages, Uralic language family, spoken by the majority of the population in Finland and by ethnic Finns outside of Finland. Finnish is one of the two official langu ...

has 15

noun In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an Object (grammar), object or Subject (grammar), subject within a p ...

cases. * ''Mathematics:'' The

hexadecimal Hexadecimal (also known as base-16 or simply hex) is a Numeral system#Positional systems in detail, positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of sixteen. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using ten symbo ...

system, a common number system used in computer programming, uses 16 digits where the last 6 are typically represented by letters: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F. * ''Computing – Unicode:'' The minimum possible size of a

is 16 contiguous code points (i.e., U+''abcde''0 - U+''abcde''F). * ''Computing –

UTF-16 UTF-16 (16-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a character encoding that supports all 1,112,064 valid code points of Unicode. The encoding is variable-length as code points are encoded with one or two ''code units''. UTF-16 arose from an earli ...

:'' There are 17 addressable

plane Plane most often refers to: * Aero- or airplane, a powered, fixed-wing aircraft * Plane (geometry), a flat, 2-dimensional surface * Plane (mathematics), generalizations of a geometrical plane Plane or planes may also refer to: Biology * Plane ...

s in UTF-16, and, thus, as Unicode is limited to the UTF-16 code space, 17 valid planes in Unicode. * ''Science fiction:'' The

23 enigma The 23 enigma is a belief in the significance of the number 23. The concept of the 23 enigma has been popularized by various books, movies, and conspiracy theories, which suggest that the number 23 appears with unusual frequency in various context ...

plays a prominent role in the plot of ''

The Illuminatus! Trilogy ''The Illuminatus! Trilogy'' is a series of three novels by American writers Robert Shea and Robert Anton Wilson, first published in 1975.''Illuminatus!'' was written between 1969 and 1971, but not published until 1975 according to Robert Anto ...

'' by

Robert Shea Robert Joseph Shea (February 14, 1933 – March 10, 1994) was an American novelist and former journalist best known as co-author with Robert Anton Wilson of the science fantasy trilogy '' Illuminatus!'' It became a cult success and was later turn ...

and

Robert Anton Wilson Robert Anton Wilson (born Robert Edward Wilson; January 18, 1932 – January 11, 2007) was an American writer, futurist, psychologist, and self-described agnostic mystic. Recognized within Discordianism as an Episkopos, pope and saint, Wilson ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' e ≈ 23.140692633 * ''Music:'' There is a combined total of 24 major and minor keys, also the number of works in some musical cycles of J. S. Bach,

Frédéric Chopin Frédéric François Chopin (born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin; 1 March 181017 October 1849) was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic period who wrote primarily for Piano solo, solo piano. He has maintained worldwide renown ...

Alexander Scriabin Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin, scientific transliteration: ''Aleksandr Nikolaevič Skrjabin''; also transliterated variously as Skriabin, Skryabin, and (in French) Scriabine. The composer himselused the French spelling "Scriabine" which was a ...

, and

. * ''Alphabetic writing:'' There are 26 letters in the Latin-derived

English alphabet Modern English is written with a Latin-script alphabet consisting of 26 Letter (alphabet), letters, with each having both uppercase and lowercase forms. The word ''alphabet'' is a Compound (linguistics), compound of ''alpha'' and ''beta'', t ...

(excluding letters found only in foreign loanwords). * ''Mathematics:'' 28 is the second

. * ''Mathematics:'' 30 is the smallest

sphenic number In number theory, a sphenic number (from , 'wedge') is a positive integer that is the product of three distinct prime numbers. Because there are infinitely many prime numbers, there are also infinitely many sphenic numbers. Definition A sphenic ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' 36 is the smallest number which is a

perfect power In mathematics, a perfect power is a natural number that is a product of equal natural factors, or, in other words, an integer that can be expressed as a square or a higher integer power of another integer greater than one. More formally, ''n'' ...

but not a

prime power In mathematics, a prime power is a positive integer which is a positive integer power of a single prime number. For example: , and are prime powers, while , and are not. The sequence of prime powers begins: 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 16, 1 ...

. * ''History:'' 39 is considered unlucky in

Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the Durand Line, east and south, Iran to the Afghanistan–Iran borde ...

, due to the belief that it is associated with

pimp Procuring, pimping, or pandering is the facilitation or provision of a prostitute or other sex worker in the arrangement of a sex act with a customer. A procurer, colloquially called a pimp (if male) or a madam (if female, though the term "pimp" ...

s. See

Curse of 39 The curse of 39, also referred to as triakontenneaphobia, is the fear of the number 39. In some parts of Afghanistan, the number is considered to be cursed or a badge of shame as it is purportedly linked with prostitution. Origin The origin of ...

. * ''Science fiction:'' The number 42, in by

Douglas Adams Douglas Noel Adams (11 March 1952 – 11 May 2001) was an English author, humorist, and screenwriter, best known as the creator of ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy''. Originally a 1978 BBC radio comedy, ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to the ...

, is the

Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything ''The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy'' is a comic science fiction series created by Douglas Adams that has become popular among fans of the genre and members of the scientific community. Phrases from it are widely recognised and often used in ...

which is calculated by an enormous supercomputer over a period of 7.5 million years. * ''Biology:'' A human cell typically contains 46

chromosome A chromosome is a package of DNA containing part or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes, the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with nucleosome-forming packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells, the most import ...

s. * ''Phonology:'' There are 47

phoneme A phoneme () is any set of similar Phone (phonetics), speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible Phonetics, phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word fr ...

s in

English phonology English phonology is the system of speech sounds used in spoken English. Like many other languages, English has wide variation in pronunciation, both historically and from dialect to dialect. In general, however, the regional dialects of Eng ...

Received Pronunciation Received Pronunciation (RP) is the Accent (sociolinguistics), accent of British English regarded as the Standard language, standard one, carrying the highest Prestige (sociolinguistics), social prestige, since as late as the beginning of the 2 ...

. * ''Syllabic writing:'' There are 49 letters in each of the two

kana are syllabary, syllabaries used to write Japanese phonology, Japanese phonological units, Mora (linguistics), morae. In current usage, ''kana'' most commonly refers to ''hiragana'' and ''katakana''. It can also refer to their ancestor , wh ...

syllabaries (

hiragana is a Japanese language, Japanese syllabary, part of the Japanese writing system, along with ''katakana'' as well as ''kanji''. It is a phonetic lettering system. The word ''hiragana'' means "common" or "plain" kana (originally also "easy", ...

and

katakana is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system along with hiragana, kanji and in some cases the Latin script (known as rōmaji). The word ''katakana'' means "fragmentary kana", as the katakana characters are derived fr ...

) used to represent

Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

(not counting letters representing sound patterns that have never occurred in Japanese). * ''Geography –

:'' There are 50

U.S. states In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its so ...

. * ''

Chess Chess is a board game for two players. It is an abstract strategy game that involves Perfect information, no hidden information and no elements of game of chance, chance. It is played on a square chessboard, board consisting of 64 squares arran ...

:'' Either player in a chess game can claim a draw if 50 consecutive moves are made by each side without any captures or pawn moves. * ''Culture:'' 69 is a slang term for reciprocal

oral sex Oral sex, sometimes referred to as oral intercourse, is sexual activity involving the stimulation of the genitalia of a person by another person using the mouth (including the lips, tongue, or teeth). Cunnilingus is oral sex performed on the vu ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' 70 is the smallest

weird number In number theory, a weird number is a natural number that is abundant but not semiperfect. In other words, the sum of the proper divisors (divisors including 1 but not itself) of the number is greater than the number, but no subset of those divi ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' 72 is the smallest

Achilles number An Achilles number is a number that is powerful but not a perfect power. A positive integer is a powerful number if, for every prime factor of , is also a divisor. In other words, every prime factor appears at least squared in the factorizat ...

. * ''Demography:'' The population of Nassau Island, part of the

Cook Islands The Cook Islands is an island country in Polynesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It consists of 15 islands whose total land area is approximately . The Cook Islands' Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers of ocean. Avarua is its ...

, was around 78 in 2016. * ''Syllabic writing:'' There are 85 letters in the modern version of the

Cherokee syllabary The Cherokee syllabary is a syllabary invented by Sequoyah in the late 1810s and early 1820s to write the Cherokee language. His creation of the syllabary is particularly noteworthy as he was illiterate until its creation. He first experimen ...

. * ''Music:'' Typically, there are 88 keys on a

grand piano A piano is a keyboard instrument that produces sound when its keys are depressed, activating an Action (music), action mechanism where hammers strike String (music), strings. Modern pianos have a row of 88 black and white keys, tuned to a c ...

. * ''Computing –

ASCII ASCII ( ), an acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for representing a particular set of 95 (English language focused) printable character, printable and 33 control character, control c ...

:'' There are 95 printable characters in the

character set Character encoding is the process of assigning numbers to graphical characters, especially the written characters of human language, allowing them to be stored, transmitted, and transformed using computers. The numerical values that make up a c ...

10²

(100;

hundred 100 or one hundred (Roman numerals, Roman numeral: C) is the natural number following 99 (number), 99 and preceding 101 (number), 101. In mathematics 100 is the square of 10 (number), 10 (in scientific notation it is written as 102). The standar ...

) ISO:

hecto- ''Hecto'' (symbol: h) is a decimal unit prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one hundred. It was adopted as a multiplier in 1795, and comes from the Greek , meaning "hundred". In 19th century English it was sometimes spelled "hecato" ...

(h) * ''European history:'' Groupings of 100 homesteads were a common administrative unit in Northern Europe and Great Britain (see

Hundred (county division) A hundred is an administrative division that is geographically part of a larger region. It was formerly used in England, Wales, some parts of the United States, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway, and in Cumberland County in the British Colony o ...

). * ''Music:'' There are 104 numbered symphonies of Franz Josef Haydn. * ''Religion:'' 108 is a sacred number in

Hinduism Hinduism () is an Hypernymy and hyponymy, umbrella term for a range of Indian religions, Indian List of religions and spiritual traditions#Indian religions, religious and spiritual traditions (Sampradaya, ''sampradaya''s) that are unified ...

. * ''Chemistry:'' 118

chemical element A chemical element is a chemical substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons. The number of protons is called the atomic number of that element. For example, oxygen has an atomic number of 8: each oxygen atom has 8 protons in its ...

s have been discovered or synthesized as of 2016. * ''Computing – Computational limit of an 8-bit

CPU A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor, or just processor, is the primary processor in a given computer. Its electronic circuitry executes instructions of a computer program, such as arithmetic, log ...

'': 127 is equal to 2⁷−1, and as such is the largest number which can fit into a signed (

two's complement Two's complement is the most common method of representing signed (positive, negative, and zero) integers on computers, and more generally, fixed point binary values. Two's complement uses the binary digit with the ''greatest'' value as the ''s ...

) 8-bit integer on a computer. * ''Computing – ASCII:'' There are 128 characters in the

character set, including nonprintable

control character In computing and telecommunications, a control character or non-printing character (NPC) is a code point in a character encoding, character set that does not represent a written Character (computing), character or symbol. They are used as in-ba ...

s. * ''Videogames:'' There are 151

Pokémon is a Japanese media franchise consisting of List of Pokémon video games, video games, Pokémon (TV series), animated series and List of Pokémon films, films, Pokémon Trading Card Game, a trading card game, and other related media. The fran ...

in the

first generation First generation, Generation I, or variants of this, may refer to: History * 1G, the first generation of wireless telephone technology * First generation of video game consoles, 1972–1983 * First generation computer, a vacuum-tube computer M ...

. * ''Phonology:'' The

Taa language Taa ( ), also known as ǃXóõ ( ; ; also spelled ǃKhong and ǃXoon), formerly called by the dialect name ǂHoan, thus also known as Western ǂHoan, is a Tuu language notable for its large number of phonemes, perhaps the largest in the world. ...

is estimated to have between 130 and 164 distinct phonemes. * ''Political science:'' There were 193 member states of the

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and internationa ...

as of 2011. * ''Mathematics:''

200 Year 200 ( CC) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Severus and Victorinus (or, less frequently, year 953 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 200 for this y ...

is the smallest base 10 unprimeable number – it cannot be turned into a prime number by changing just one of its digits to any other digit. * ''Computing:'' A GIF image (or an

8-bit In computer architecture, 8-bit integers or other data units are those that are 8 bits wide (1 octet). Also, 8-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers or data bu ...

image) supports maximum 256 (2⁸) colors. * ''Mathematics:''

257 __NOTOC__ Year 257 (Roman numerals, CCLVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Valerianus and Gallienus (or, less frequently, year 1010 ''Ab urbe condita'') ...

is the fourth

Fermat prime In mathematics, a Fermat number, named after Pierre de Fermat (1601–1665), the first known to have studied them, is a positive integer of the form:F_ = 2^ + 1, where ''n'' is a non-negative integer. The first few Fermat numbers are: 3, 5, ...

. * ''Computing – Unicode:'' There are 327 different

s as of Unicode 15.0 (2022). * ''Mathematics:'' 383 is the third

Woodall prime In number theory, a Woodall number (''W'n'') is any natural number of the form :W_n = n \cdot 2^n - 1 for some natural number ''n''. The first few Woodall numbers are: :1, 7, 23, 63, 159, 383, 895, … . History Woodall numbers were first s ...

. * ''Computing –

HTTP HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is an application layer protocol in the Internet protocol suite model for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web, wher ...

:'' 404 is the

HTTP status code Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) response status codes are issued by a server in response to a client's request made to the server. It includes codes from IETF Request for Comments (RFCs), other specifications, and some additional codes use ...

for Not Found. * ''Culture:''

420 420 may refer to: Science and technology * 420 (number), in mathematics * 420 Bertholda, a main-belt asteroid * 4:2:0, a chroma subsampling layout Cannabis culture * 420 (cannabis culture), informal reference to cannabis use and celebrations ...

is a code-term that refers to the consumption of

cannabis ''Cannabis'' () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae that is widely accepted as being indigenous to and originating from the continent of Asia. However, the number of species is disputed, with as many as three species be ...

. * ''Mathematics:'' 496 is the third

. * ''Mathematics:'' 563 is the largest known

Wilson prime In number theory, a Wilson prime is a prime number p such that p^2 divides (p-1)!+1, where "!" denotes the factorial function; compare this with Wilson's theorem, which states that every prime p divides (p-1)!+1. Both are named for 18th-century ...

. * ''Aviation:'' 583 people died in the 1977

Tenerife airport disaster The Tenerife airport disaster occurred on 27 March 1977, when two Boeing 747 passenger jets collided on the runway at Tenerife North–Ciudad de La Laguna Airport, Los Rodeos Airport (now Tenerife North–Ciudad de La Laguna Airport) on the Spa ...

, the deadliest accident in the history of civil aviation. * ''Music:'' The largest number (626) in the

Köchel catalogue The Köchel catalogue () is a catalogue of compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, originally created by Ludwig Ritter von Köchel, in which the entries are abbreviated ''K.'' or ''KV''. Its numbers reflect the ongoing task of compiling the chro ...

of works of

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791) was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition and proficiency from an early age ...

. * ''Religion:''

666 666 may refer to: * 666 (number) * 666 BC, a year * AD 666, a year * The number of the beast, a reference in the Book of Revelation in the New Testament Places * 666 Desdemona, a minor planet in the asteroid belt * List of highways numbered 6 ...

is the

number of the beast The number of the beast (, ) is associated with the The Beast (Revelation), Beast of Revelation in chapter 13, verse 18 of the Book of Revelation. In most manuscripts of the New Testament and in English translations of the Bible, the number of ...

from the

Book of Revelation The Book of Revelation, also known as the Book of the Apocalypse or the Apocalypse of John, is the final book of the New Testament, and therefore the final book of the Bible#Christian Bible, Christian Bible. Written in Greek language, Greek, ...

. * ''Demography:''

Vatican City Vatican City, officially the Vatican City State (; ), is a Landlocked country, landlocked sovereign state and city-state; it is enclaved within Rome, the capital city of Italy and Bishop of Rome, seat of the Catholic Church. It became inde ...

, the least populous independent country, has an approximate population of 800 as of 2018. * ''Communications:''

911 911, 9/11 or Nine Eleven may refer to: Dates * AD 911 * 911 BC * September 11 ** The 2001 September 11 attacks on the United States by al-Qaeda, commonly referred to as 9/11 ** 11 de Septiembre, Chilean coup d'état in 1973 that ousted the ...

is the

emergency telephone number An emergency telephone number is a number that allows a caller to contact local emergency services for assistance. The emergency number differs from country to country; it is typically a three-digit number so that it can be easily remembered and ...

for the

and

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...

10³

(;

thousand 1000 or one thousand is the natural number following 999 and preceding 1001. In most English-speaking countries, it can be written with or without a comma or sometimes a period separating the thousands digit: 1,000. A group of one thousand ...

) ISO:

kilo- Kilo is a decimal prefix, decimal metric prefix, unit prefix in the metric system denoting multiplication by one thousand (103). It is used in the International System of Units, where it has the symbol k, in Letter case, lowercase. The prefix ' ...

(k) * ''Scale:'' 1,000 – the scale factor of most

metric prefix A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The pr ...

es. * ''Computing:''

1,024 1024 is the natural number following 1023 and preceding 1025. 1024 is a power of two: 2 (2 to the tenth power). It is the nearest power of two from decimal 1000 and senary 10000 (decimal 1296). It is the 64th quarter square. 1024 is the smalle ...

– the number of bytes in a

kibibyte The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. Historically, the byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer and for this reason it is the smallest addressable un ...

, and bits in a

kibibit The bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communication. The name is a portmanteau of binary digit. The bit represents a logical state with one of two possible values. These values are most commonly represented as ...

. * ''Videogames:'' There are 1,025 Pokémon up to the ninth and latest generation. * ''Mathematics:'' 1,093 is the smallest

Wieferich prime In number theory, a Wieferich prime is a prime number ''p'' such that ''p''2 divides , therefore connecting these primes with Fermat's little theorem, which states that every odd prime ''p'' divides . Wieferich primes were first described by A ...

. * ''Demography:'' The population of

Ascension Island Ascension Island is an isolated volcanic island, 7°56′ south of the Equator in the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean. It is about from the coast of Africa and from the coast of South America. It is governed as part of the British Overs ...

is 1,122. * ''Music:'' 1,128: number of known extant works by

Johann Sebastian Bach Johann Sebastian Bach (German: Help:IPA/Standard German, �joːhan zeˈbasti̯an baχ ( – 28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the late Baroque music, Baroque period. He is known for his prolific output across a variety ...

recognized in the

Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis The (, ; BWV) is a Catalogues of classical compositions, catalogue of compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach. It was first published in 1950, edited by Wolfgang Schmieder. The catalogue's second edition appeared in 1990 and the third edition in ...

as of 2017. * ''Mathematics:'' 1,729 is the first nontrivial

taxicab number In mathematics, the ''n''th taxicab number, typically denoted Ta(''n'') or Taxicab(''n''), is defined as the smallest integer that can be expressed as a sum of two ''positive'' integer cubes in ''n'' distinct ways. The most famous taxicab numbe ...

, expressed as the sum of two cubic numbers in two different ways. It is known as the Ramanujan number or Hardy–Ramanujan number after

G. H. Hardy Godfrey Harold Hardy (7 February 1877 – 1 December 1947) was an English mathematician, known for his achievements in number theory and mathematical analysis. In biology, he is known for the Hardy–Weinberg principle, a basic principle of pop ...

and

Srinivasa Ramanujan Srinivasa Ramanujan Aiyangar (22 December 188726 April 1920) was an Indian mathematician. Often regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time, though he had almost no formal training in pure mathematics, he made substantial con ...

. * ''Typesetting:'' 2,000–3,000

letters Letter, letters, or literature may refer to: Characters typeface * Letter (alphabet), a character representing one or more of the sounds used in speech or none in the case of a silent letter; any of the symbols of an alphabet * Letterform, the g ...

on a typical typed

page Page most commonly refers to: * Page (paper), one side of a leaf of paper, as in a book Page, PAGE, pages, or paging may also refer to: Roles * Page (assistance occupation), a professional occupation * Page (servant), traditionally a young m ...

of text. * ''Mathematics:'' is the smallest composite

Mersenne number In mathematics, a Mersenne prime is a prime number that is one less than a power of two. That is, it is a prime number of the form for some integer . They are named after Marin Mersenne, a French Minim friar, who studied them in the early 17t ...

with prime exponent ''n''. * ''Mathematics:'' 2¹¹ = 2,048 is the largest known

power of two A power of two is a number of the form where is an integer, that is, the result of exponentiation with number 2, two as the Base (exponentiation), base and integer as the exponent. In the fast-growing hierarchy, is exactly equal to f_1^ ...

with all even digits. * ''Mathematics:''

2,520 2520 (two thousand five hundred ndtwenty) is the natural number following 2519 and preceding 2521. In mathematics 2520 is: *the smallest number divisible by all integers from one to ten, i.e., it is their least common multiple. *half of 7! ( 50 ...

(5×7×8×9 or 2³×3²×5×7) is the

least common multiple In arithmetic and number theory, the least common multiple (LCM), lowest common multiple, or smallest common multiple (SCM) of two integers ''a'' and ''b'', usually denoted by , is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both ''a'' and ...

of every positive integer under (and including) 10. * ''Demographics – Wealth:'' There are 2,781 billionaires worldwide . * ''Terrorism:'' 2,996 persons (including 19 terrorists) died in the

terrorist Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of violence against non-combatants to achieve political or ideological aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violence during peacetime or in the context of war aga ...

attacks of

September 11, 2001 The September 11 attacks, also known as 9/11, were four coordinated Islamist terrorist suicide attacks by al-Qaeda against the United States in 2001. Nineteen terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners, crashing the first two into ...

. * ''Biology:'' the

DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (; DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. The polymer carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of al ...

of the simplest

virus A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living Cell (biology), cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are ...

es has 3,000

base pair A base pair (bp) is a fundamental unit of double-stranded nucleic acids consisting of two nucleobases bound to each other by hydrogen bonds. They form the building blocks of the DNA double helix and contribute to the folded structure of both DNA ...

s. * ''Mathematics:'' 3,511 is the largest known

. * ''Military history'': 4,200 (Republic) or 5,200 (Empire) was the standard size of a

Roman legion The Roman legion (, ) was the largest military List of military legions, unit of the Roman army, composed of Roman citizenship, Roman citizens serving as legionary, legionaries. During the Roman Republic the manipular legion comprised 4,200 i ...

. * ''Linguistics:'' Estimates for the

linguistic diversity Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary. It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and signed forms, and may also be conveyed through writing. Human language is ch ...

of living human languages or dialects range between 5,000 and 10,000. (

SIL Ethnologue ''Ethnologue: Languages of the World'' is an annual reference publication in print and online that provides statistics and other information on the living languages of the world. It is the world's most comprehensive catalogue of languages. It w ...

in 2009 listed 6,909 known living languages.) * ''Mathematics:'' 7! = 5,040 is the largest

factorial In mathematics, the factorial of a non-negative denoted is the Product (mathematics), product of all positive integers less than or equal The factorial also equals the product of n with the next smaller factorial: \begin n! &= n \times ...

that is also a

highly composite number A highly composite number is a positive integer that has more divisors than all smaller positive integers. If ''d''(''n'') denotes the number of divisors of a positive integer ''n'', then a positive integer ''N'' is highly composite if ''d''(' ...

. * ''Culture:'' 5,040 is mentioned by

Plato Plato ( ; Greek language, Greek: , ; born BC, died 348/347 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical Greece, Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the writte ...

in the ''

Laws Law is a set of rules that are created and are law enforcement, enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior, with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been variously described as a Socia ...

'' as one of the most important numbers for the city. *''Astronomy – Catalogues:'' There are 7,840

deep-sky object A deep-sky object (DSO) is any astronomical object that is not an individual star or Solar System object (such as Sun, Moon, planet, comet, etc.). The classification is used for the most part by amateur astronomers to denote visually observed fa ...

s in the NGC Catalogue from 1888. * ''Mathematics:''

8,128 8128 is the integer following 8127 and preceding 8129. It is most notable for being a perfect number (its proper divisors 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 127, 254, 508, 1016, 2032, and 4064 add up to 8128), and one of the earliest numbers to be recognize ...

is the fourth

. * ''Mathematics:'' 2¹³ − 1 = 8,191 is the fifth

. * ''Lexicography:'' 8,674 unique words in the

Hebrew Bible The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (;"Tanach"
. '' ten thousand The Ten Thousand (, ''hoi Myrioi'') were a force of mercenary units, mainly Greeks, employed by Cyrus the Younger to attempt to wrest the throne of the Persian Empire from his brother, Artaxerxes II. Their march to the Battle of Cunaxa and bac ...

or a

myriad In the context of numeric naming systems for powers of ten, myriad is the quantity ten thousand ( 10,000). Idiomatically, in English, ''myriad'' is an adjective used to mean that a group of things has indefinitely large quantity. ''Myriad ...

) * ''Biology:'' Each

neuron A neuron (American English), neurone (British English), or nerve cell, is an membrane potential#Cell excitability, excitable cell (biology), cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network (biology), neural net ...

in the

human brain The human brain is the central organ (anatomy), organ of the nervous system, and with the spinal cord, comprises the central nervous system. It consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum. The brain controls most of the activi ...

is estimated to connect to 10,000 others. * ''Demography:'' The population of Tuvalu was 10,645 in 2017. * ''Lexicography:'' 14,500 unique English words occur in the King James Version of the Bible. * ''Mathematics:'' 15,511 is the third Motzkin prime. *''Zoology:'' There are approximately 17,500 distinct butterfly species known. * ''Language:'' There are 20,000–40,000 distinct Chinese characters in more than occasional use. * ''Biology:'' Each human being is estimated to have 20,000 Gene, coding genes. * ''Grammar:'' Each regular verb in Cherokee language, Cherokee can have 21,262 inflected preposition, inflected forms. * ''War:'' 22,717 Union and Confederate soldiers were killed, wounded, or missing in the Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest single day of battle in American history. * ''Computing – Computational limit of a 16-bit

'': 32,767 is equal to 2¹⁵−1, and as such is the largest number which can fit into a signed (

) 16-bit integer on a computer. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 41,472 possible permutations of the Gear Cube. * ''Computing – Unicode:'' 42,720 characters are encoded in CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B, the most of any single public-use

as of Unicode 15.0 (2022). * ''Aviation:'' , 44,000+ airframes have been built of the Cessna 172, the List of most-produced aircraft, most-produced aircraft in history. * ''Computing:'' 65,504 is equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE half precision floating-point format. * ''Computing - Fonts:'' The maximum possible number of glyphs in a TrueType or OpenType font is 65,535 (2¹⁶-1), the largest number representable by the 16-bit unsigned integer used to record the total number of glyphs in the font. * ''Computing – Unicode:'' A

contains 65,536 (2¹⁶) code points; this is also the maximum size of a

, and the total number of code points available in the obsolete UCS-2 encoding. * ''Mathematics:'' 65537 (number), 65,537 is the fifth and largest known

. * ''Memory:'' , the largest number of decimal places of Pi, π that have been recited from memory is 70,030. * ''Mathematics:'' 82,000 is the only known number greater than 1 that can be written in bases from 2 through 5 using only 0s and 1s. * ''Mathematics:'' 87,360 is the fourth unitary perfect number.

10⁵

(; 100,000, one hundred thousand or a lakh). * ''Biology – Strands of hair on a head:'' The average human head has about 100,000–150,000 strands of hair. * ''Literature:'' approximately 100,000 verses (shlokas) in the ''Mahabharata''. * ''Demography:'' The population of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines was 109,991 in 2012. * ''Mathematics:'' 2¹⁷ − 1 = 131,071 is the sixth

. It is the largest nth Mersenne prime with n digits. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 138,240 possible combinations on the Skewb Diamond. * ''Computing – Unicode:'' 149,186 characters (including control characters) encoded in Unicode as of version 15.0 (2022). * ''Literature:'' 267,000 words in James Joyce's ''Ulysses (novel), Ulysses''. * ''Computing – Unicode:'' 293,168 code points assigned to a

as of Unicode 15.0. * ''Genocide:'' 300,000 people killed in the Nanjing Massacre. * ''Language – English words:'' The New Oxford Dictionary of English contains about 360,000 definitions for English language, English words. * ''Mathematics:'' 380,000 – The approximate number of entries in The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences . * ''Biology – Plants:'' There are approximately 390,000 distinct plant species known, of which approximately 20% (or 78,000) are at risk of extinction. *''Biology – Flowers:'' There are approximately 400,000 distinct flower species on Earth. * ''Mathematics:'' 2¹⁹ − 1 = 524,287 is the seventh

. * ''Literature:'' 564,000 words in ''War and Peace'' by Leo Tolstoy. * ''Literature:'' 930,000 words in the King James Version of the Bible. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 933,120 possible combinations on the Pyraminx. * ''Computing – Unicode:'' There are 974,530 publicly-assignable code points (i.e., not surrogates, private-use code points, or noncharacters) in Unicode.

10⁶

(; 1000²;

: one 1,000,000, million) ISO: mega- (M) * ''Demography:'' The population of Riga, Latvia was 1,003,949 in 2004, according to Eurostat. * ''Computing – UTF-8:'' There are 1,112,064 (2²⁰ + 2¹⁶ - 2¹¹) valid UTF-8 sequences (excluding overlong sequences and sequences corresponding to code points used for

surrogates or code points beyond U+10FFFF). * ''Computing –

/Unicode:'' There are 1,114,112 (2²⁰ + 2¹⁶) distinct values encodable in

, and, thus (as Unicode is currently limited to the UTF-16 code space), 1,114,112 valid code points in Unicode (1,112,064 scalar values and 2,048 surrogates). *''Ludology – Number of games:'' Approximately 1,181,019 video games have been created as of 2019. * ''Biology – Species:'' The World Resources Institute claims that approximately 1.4 million species have been named, out of an unknown number of total species (estimates range between 2 and 100 million species). Some scientists give 8.8 million species as an exact figure. * ''Genocide:'' Approximately 800,000–1,500,000 (1.5 million) Armenians were killed in the Armenian genocide. * ''Linguistics:'' The number of possible grammatical conjugation, conjugations for each verb in the Archi language is 1,502,839. * ''Info:'' The freedb database of Compact disc, CD track listings has around 1,750,000 entries . * ''Computing – UTF-8:'' 2,164,864 (2²¹ + 2¹⁶ + 2¹¹ + 2⁷) possible one- to four-byte UTF-8 sequences, if the restrictions on overlong sequences, surrogate code points, and code points beyond U+10FFFF are ''not'' adhered to. (Note that not all of these correspond to unique code points.) * ''Mathematics – Playing cards:'' There are 2,598,960 different 5-card poker hands that can be dealt from a standard 52-card deck. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 3,149,280 possible positions for the Skewb. *''Mathematics – Rubik's Cube:'' 3,674,160 is the number of combinations for the Pocket Cube (2×2×2 Rubik's Cube). * ''Geography/Computing – Geographic places:'' The NIMA GEOnet Names Server contains approximately 3.88 million named geographic features outside the

, with 5.34 million names. The USGS Geographic Names Information System claims to have almost 2 million physical and cultural geographic features within the United States. * ''Computing - Supercomputer hardware:'' 4,981,760 processor cores in the final configuration of the Tianhe-2 supercomputer. * ''Genocide:'' Approximately 5,100,000–6,200,000 Jews were killed in the Holocaust. * ''Info – Web sites:'' As of , , the English Wikipedia contains approximately million articles in the English language.

10⁷

(; a crore;

: 10,000,000, ten million) * ''Demography:'' The population of Haiti was 10,085,214 in 2010. * ''Literature:'' 11,206,310 words in Devta (novel), ''Devta'' by Mohiuddin Nawab, the longest continuously published story known in the history of literature. * ''Genocide'': An estimated 12 million persons shipped from Africa to the New World in the Atlantic slave trade. * ''Mathematics:'' 12,988,816 is the number of domino tilings of an 8×8 checkerboard. * ''Genocide/Famine:'' 15 million is an estimated lower bound for the death toll of the 1959–1961 Great Chinese Famine, the deadliest known famine in human history. * ''War:'' 15 to 22 million casualties estimated as a result of World War I. * ''Computing:'' 16,777,216 different colors can be generated using the Web colors#Hex triplet, hex code system in HTML (note that the trichromacy, trichromatic color vision of the human eye can only distinguish between about an estimated 1,000,000 different colors). * ''Computing:'' 16,777,216 (2²⁴) – number until which all integer values can exactly be represented in IEEE single precision floating-point format. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 19,958,400 possible combinations on the Dino Cube. * ''Science Fiction'': In Isaac Asimov's Galactic Empire (Isaac Asimov), Galactic Empire, in 22,500 CE, there are 25,000,000 different inhabited planets in the Galactic Empire, all inhabited by humans in Asimov's "human galaxy" scenario. * ''Demography:'' The population of Saudi Arabia was 34,566,328 in 2022. * ''Demography:'' The population of

was 36,991,981 in 2021. * ''Demographics – Oceania:'' The population of Oceania was 44,491,724 in 2021. * ''Genocide/Famine:'' 55 million is an estimated upper bound for the death toll of the Great Chinese Famine. * ''Literature:'' Wikipedia contains a total of around articles in list of Wikipedias, languages as of . *''Demography:'' The population of the United Kingdom was 66,940,559 in 2021. * ''War:'' 70 to 85 million casualties estimated as a result of World War II. * ''Mathematics:'' 73,939,133 is the largest right-truncatable prime. * ''Mathematics:'' 87,539,319 is the third

10⁸

(;

: 100,000,000, one hundred million) * ''Demography:'' The population of the Philippines was 100,981,437 in 2015. * ''Internet – YouTube:'' The number of YouTube channels is estimated to be 113.9 million. * ''Info – Books:'' The British Library holds more than 150 million items. The Library of Congress holds approximately 148 million items. See ''The Gutenberg Galaxy''. * ''Mathematics:'' The number of partition of a set, partitions of 100 is 190,569,292. * ''Video gaming:'' , approximately 200 million copies of ''Minecraft'' (the most-sold video game in history) have been sold. * ''Mathematics:'' More than 215,000,000 mathematical constants are collected on the Simon Plouffe, Plouffe's Inverter . * ''Mathematics:'' 275,305,224 is the number of 5×5 normal magic squares, not counting rotations and reflections. This result was found in 1973 by Richard Schroeppel. *''Demography:'' The population of the

was 331,449,281 in 2020. * ''Mathematics:'' 358,833,097 stellations of the rhombic triacontahedron. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 406,425,600 possible combinations on the Rubik's Domino. * ''Demographics – South America:'' The population of South America was 434,254,119 in 2021. * ''Info – Web sites:'' , the Netcraft web survey estimates that there are 525,998,433 (526 million) distinct websites. * ''Mathematics:'' 2²⁹ = 536,870,912 is the largest

with distinct digits. * ''Demographics – North America:'' The population of North America was 592,296,233 in 2021. * ''Demographics – Europe:'' The population of Europe was 745,173,774 in 2021. * ''Toys – Lego:'' Six bricks of 2 × 4 Lego studs can be combined in 915,103,765 ways. * ''Astronomy – Cataloged stars:'' The Guide Star Catalog II has entries on 998,402,801 distinct astronomical objects.

10⁹

(; 1000³;

: one 1,000,000,000, billion;

: one thousand million, or one 1,000,000,000, milliard) ISO: giga- (G) * ''Info – Web sites:'' As of , , the English Wikipedia has been edited approximately billion times. *''Transportation – Cars:'' , there are approximately 1.4 billion cars in the world, corresponding to around 18% of the human population. * ''Demographics – China:'' 1,409,670,000 – approximate population of the People's Republic of China in 2023. * ''Demographics – India:'' 1,428,627,663 – approximate population of India in 2023. * ''Demographics – Africa:'' The population of Africa reached 1,430,000,000 sometime in 2023. *''Internet – Google:'' There are more than 1,500,000,000 active Gmail users globally. * ''Internet:'' Approximately 1,500,000,000 active users were on Facebook as of October 2015. * ''Computing – Computational limit of a 32-bit

'': 2147483647, 2,147,483,647 is equal to 2³¹−1, and as such is the largest number which can fit into a signed (

) 32-bit integer on a computer. * ''Mathematics:'' 2³¹ − 1 = 2,147,483,647 is the eighth Mersenne prime. * ''Computing – UTF-8:'' 2,147,483,648 (2³¹) possible code points (U+0000 - U+7FFFFFFF) in the pre-2003 version of UTF-8 (including five- and six-byte sequences), before the UTF-8 code space was limited to the much smaller set of values encodable in

. * ''Biology – base pairs in the genome:'' approximately 3.3

s in the human genome. * ''Linguistics'': 3,400,000,000 – the total number of speakers of Indo-European languages, of which 2,400,000,000 are native speakers; the other 1,000,000,000 speak Indo-European languages as a second language. * ''Mathematics'' and ''computing'': 4294967295, 4,294,967,295 (2³² − 1), the product of the five known Fermat primes and the maximum value for a 32-bit Integer (computer science), unsigned integer in computing. * ''Computing – IPv4:'' 4,294,967,296 (2³²) possible unique IP addresses. * ''Computing:'' 4,294,967,296 – the number of bytes in 4 gibibytes; in computation, 32-bit computers can directly access 2³² units (bytes) of address space, which leads directly to the 4-gigabyte limit on main memory. * ''Mathematics:'' 4,294,967,297 is a Fermat number and semiprime. It is the smallest number of the form

2^+1

which is not a prime number. * ''Demographics – Asia:'' The population of Asia was 4,694,576,167 in 2021. * ''Demographics – world population:'' 8,019,876,189 – Estimated population for the world as of 1 January 2024.

10¹⁰

(;

: ten 1,000,000,000, billion;

: ten thousand million, or ten 1,000,000,000, milliard) * ''Biology – bacteria in the human body:'' There are roughly 10¹⁰ bacteria in the human mouth. * ''Mathematics:'' 32,212,254,719 is the fourth

. * ''Mathematics:'' 51,001,180,160 is the largest known triperfect number. * ''Computing – web pages:'' approximately 5.6 web pages indexed by Google as of 2010.

10¹¹

(;

: one hundred 1,000,000,000, billion;

: hundred thousand million, or hundred 1,000,000,000, milliard) * ''Astronomy:'' There are 100 billion planets located in the Milky Way. * ''Astronomy – stars in our galaxy:'' of the order of 10¹¹ stars in the Milky Way galaxy. * ''Biology – Neurons in the brain:'' approximately (1±0.2) × 10¹¹

s in the

. * ''Paleodemography – Number of humans that have ever lived'': approximately (1.2±0.3) × 10¹¹ live births of anatomically modern humans since the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic. * ''Mathematics:'' 198,585,576,189 is the only known Descartes number. *''Mathematics – Nine-Colour Cube:'' 268,240,896,000 is the number of combinations for the Nine-Colour Cube. * ''Medicine:'' The United States Food and Drug Administration requires a minimum of 3 x 10¹¹ (300 billion) platelets per apheresis unit. * ''Mathematics:'' 608,981,813,029 is the smallest number for which there are more primes of the form 3''k'' + 1 than of the form 3''k'' + 2 up to the number.

10¹²

(; 1000⁴;

: one trillion;

: one billion) ISO: tera- (T) * ''Astronomy:'' Andromeda Galaxy, which is part of the same Local Group as Milky Way, our galaxy, contains about 10¹² stars. * ''Biology – Bacteria on the human body:'' The surface of the human body houses roughly 10¹² bacteria. * ''Astronomy – Galaxies'': A 2016 estimate says there are 2 × 10¹² list of galaxies, galaxies in the observable universe. * ''Biology:'' An estimate says there were 3.04 × 10¹² trees on Earth in 2015. * ''Mathematics:'' 6,963,472,309,248 is the fourth

. * ''Mathematics'': 7,625,597,484,987 – a number that often appears when dealing with Exponentiation, powers of 3. It can be expressed as

19683^3

27^9

3^

3^

and ³3 or when using Knuth's up-arrow notation it can be expressed as

3 \uparrow\uparrow 3

and

3 \uparrow\uparrow\uparrow 2

. * ''Astronomy:'' A light-year, as defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU), is the distance that light travels in a vacuum in one year, which is equivalent to about 9.46 #1012, trillion kilometers (). * ''Mathematics:'' 10¹³ – The approximate number of known non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function . * ''Biology – Blood cells in the human body:'' The average human body is estimated to have (2.5 ± .5) × 10¹³ red blood cells. * ''Mathematics – Known digits of π:'' , the number of known digits of π is 31,415,926,535,897 (the integer part of π). * ''Mathematics – Digits of E_(mathematical_constant), :'' , the number has been calculated to 35,000,000,000,000 digits. * ''Biology'' – approximately 10¹⁴ synapses in the human brain. * ''Biology – Cells in the human body:'' The human body consists of roughly 10¹⁴ cell (biology), cells, of which only 10¹³ are human. The remaining 90% non-human cells (though much smaller and constituting much less mass) are human flora, bacteria, which mostly reside in the gastrointestinal tract, although the skin is also covered in bacteria. * ''Mathematics:'' The first case of exactly 18 prime numbers between multiples of 100 is 122,853,771,370,900 + ''n'', for ''n'' = 1, 3, 7, 19, 21, 27, 31, 33, 37, 49, 51, 61, 69, 73, 87, 91, 97, 99. * ''Cryptography:'' 150,738,274,937,250 configurations of the plug-board of the Enigma machine used by the Germans in WW2 to encode and decode messages by cipher. * ''Computing – MAC-48:'' 281,474,976,710,656 (2⁴⁸) possible unique physical addresses. * ''Mathematics:'' 953,467,954,114,363 is the fourth and largest known Motzkin prime.

10¹⁵

(; 1000⁵;

: one Names of large numbers, quadrillion;

: one thousand billion, or one billiard) ISO: peta- (P) * ''Biology – Insects'': 1,000,000,000,000,000 to 10,000,000,000,000,000 (10¹⁵ to 10¹⁶) – The estimated total number of ants on Earth alive at any one time (their Biomass (ecology), biomass is approximately equal to the total biomass of the human, human species). * ''Computing:'' 9,007,199,254,740,992 (2⁵³) – number until which all integer values can exactly be represented in IEEE

. * ''Mathematics:'' 48,988,659,276,962,496 is the fifth

. * ''Science Fiction'': In Isaac Asimov's Galactic Empire (Isaac Asimov), Galactic Empire, in what we call 22,500 CE, there are 25,000,000 different inhabited planets in the Galactic Empire, all inhabited by humans in Asimov's "human galaxy" scenario, each with an average population of 2,000,000,000, thus yielding a total Galactic Empire population of approximately 50,000,000,000,000,000. * ''Cryptography:'' There are 2⁵⁶ = 72,057,594,037,927,936 different possible keys in the obsolete 56-bit Data Encryption Standard, DES symmetric cipher. * ''Science Fiction'': There are approximately 100,000,000,000,000,000 (10¹⁷) sentient beings in the ''Star Wars'' galaxy. * ''Mathematics – Ramanujan's constant:'' = ... . This number is very close to the integer . See Orders_of_magnitude_(numbers)#10%E2%88%9215, 10⁻¹⁵. * ''Physical culture:'' Highest amount of bytes lifted by a human is 318,206,335,271,488,635 by Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson.

10¹⁸

(; 1000⁶;

: one quintillion;

: one trillion) ISO: exa- (E) * ''Mathematics:'' The first case of exactly 19 prime numbers between multiples of 100 is 1,468,867,005,116,420,800 + ''n'', for ''n'' = 1, 3, 7, 9, 21, 31, 37, 39, 43, 49, 51, 63, 67, 69, 73, 79, 81, 87, 93. * ''Mathematics:'' 2⁶¹ − 1 = 2,305,843,009,213,693,951 (≈2.31) is the ninth Mersenne prime. It was determined to be prime in 1883 by Ivan Mikheevich Pervushin. This number is sometimes called Pervushin's number. * ''Mathematics:'' Goldbach's conjecture has been Goldbach's conjecture#Partial results, verified for all ''n'' ≤ 4 by a project which computed all prime numbers up to that limit. * ''Computing – Manufacturing:'' An estimated 6 transistors were produced worldwide in 2008. * ''Computing – Computational limit of a 64-bit

'': 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 (about 9.22) is equal to 2⁶³−1, and as such is the largest number which can fit into a signed (

) 64-bit integer on a computer. * ''Mathematics – NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship, NCAA basketball tournament:'' There are 9,223,372,036,854,775,808 (2⁶³) possible ways to enter the Bracketology, bracket. * ''Mathematics – Radix, Bases:'' 9,439,829,801,208,141,318 (≈9.44) is the 10th and (by conjecture) largest number with more than one digit that can be written from base 2 to base 18 using only the digits 0 to 9, meaning the digits for 10 to 17 are not needed in bases greater than 10. * ''Biology – Insects:'' It has been estimated that the insect population of the Earth is about 10¹⁹. * ''Mathematics – Answer to the wheat and chessboard problem:'' When doubling the grains of wheat on each successive square of a chessboard, beginning with one grain of wheat on the first square, the final number of grains of wheat on all 64 squares of the chessboard when added up is 2⁶⁴−1 = 18,446,744,073,709,551,615 (≈1.84). * ''Mathematics – Legends:'' The Tower of Brahma legend tells about a Hindu temple containing a large room with three posts, on one of which are 64 golden discs, and the object of the mathematical game is for the Brahmins in this temple to move all of the discs to another pole so that they are in the same order, never placing a larger disc above a smaller disc, moving only one at a time. Using the simplest algorithm for moving the disks, it would take 2⁶⁴−1 = 18,446,744,073,709,551,615 (≈1.84) turns to complete the task (the same number as the wheat and chessboard problem above). * ''Computing – IPv6:'' 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 (2⁶⁴; ≈1.84) possible unique /64 subnetworks. * ''Mathematics – Rubik's Cube:'' There are 43,252,003,274,489,856,000 (≈4.33) different positions of a 3×3×3 Rubik's Cube. * ''Password strength:'' Usage of the 95-character set found on standard computer keyboards for a 10-character password yields a computationally intractability (complexity), intractable 59,873,693,923,837,890,625 (95¹⁰, approximately 5.99) permutations. * ''Internet – YouTube:'' There are 73,786,976,294,838,206,464 (2⁶⁶; ≈7.38) possible YouTube video URLs. * ''Economics:'' Hyperinflation in Zimbabwe estimated in February 2009 by some economists at 10 sextillion percent, or a factor of 10²⁰. * ''Mathematics:'' 2⁶⁸ = 295,147,905,179,352,825,856 is the first

to contain all decimal digits.

10²¹

Sudoku Puzzle by L2G-20050714 solution standardized layout

(; 1000⁷;

: one sextillion;

: one thousand trillion, or one trilliard) ISO: zetta- (Z) * ''Geo – Grains of sand:'' All the world's beaches combined have been estimated to hold roughly 10²¹ grains of sand. * ''Computing – Manufacturing:'' Intel predicted that there would be 1.2 transistors in the world by 2015 and Forbes estimated that 2.9 transistors had been shipped up to 2014. * ''Mathematics:'' 2⁷¹ = 2,361,183,241,434,822,606,848 is the largest known

not containing the digit '5' in its decimal representation. The same is true for the digit '7'. * ''Chemistry:'' There are about 5 atoms in a drop of water. * ''Mathematics – Sudoku:'' There are 6,670,903,752,021,072,936,960 (≈6.7) 9×9 sudoku grids. * ''Computing:'' 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 (10²²) – number until which all powers of 10 can exactly be represented in IEEE

. * ''Mathematics:'' The first case of exactly 20 prime numbers between multiples of 100 is 20,386,095,164,137,273,086,400 + ''n'', for ''n'' = 1, 3, 7, 9, 13, 19, 21, 31, 33, 37, 49, 57, 63, 73, 79, 87, 91, 93, 97, 99. * ''Mathematics:'' 5³² = 23,283,064,365,386,962,890,625 is the largest known power of five not containing a pair of consecutive equal digits. * ''Mathematics:'' 24,153,319,581,254,312,065,344 is the sixth and largest known

. * ''Astronomy – Stars:'' 70 sextillion = 7, the estimated number of stars within range of telescopes (as of 2003). * ''Astronomy – Stars:'' in the range of 10²³ to 10²⁴ stars in the observable universe. * ''Mathematics:'' 146,361,946,186,458,562,560,000 (≈1.5) is the fifth and largest known unitary perfect number. * ''Mathematics:'' 357,686,312,646,216,567,629,137 (≈3.6) is the largest left-truncatable prime. Avogadro number cube visualisation

* ''Mathematics:'' 2⁷⁸ = 302,231,454,903,657,293,676,544 is the largest known

not containing the digit '8' in its decimal representation. * ''Chemistry – Physics:'' The Avogadro constant () is the number of constituents (e.g. atoms or molecules) in one mole (unit), mole of a substance, defined for convenience as expressing the order of magnitude separating the molecular from the macroscopic scale.

10²⁴

(; 1000⁸;

: one septillion;

: one quadrillion) ISO: yotta- (Y) * ''Mathematics:'' 2,833,419,889,721,787,128,217,599 (≈2.8) is the fifth

. * ''Mathematics:'' 3,608,528,850,368,400,786,036,725 (≈3.6) is the largest polydivisible number. * ''Mathematics – Impossiball:'' There are 23,563,902,142,421,896,679,424,000 (about 2.36) different positions of the Impossiball. * ''Mathematics:'' 2⁸⁶ = 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 is the largest known

not containing the digit '0' in its decimal representation. * ''Mathematics:'' 2⁸⁹ − 1 = 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,111 (≈6.19) is the tenth

. See List of Mersenne primes and perfect numbers.

10²⁷

(; 1000⁹;

: one octillion;

: one thousand quadrillion, or one quadrilliard) ISO: ronna- (R) * ''Mathematics:'' 2⁹¹ = 2,475,880,078,570,760,549,798,248,448 is the largest known

not containing the digit '1' in its decimal representation. * ''Biology – Atoms in the human body:'' the average human body contains roughly 7 atoms. * ''Mathematics:'' 2⁹³ = 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 is the largest known

not containing the digit '6' in its decimal representation. * ''Mathematics – Poker:'' the number of unique combinations of hands and shared cards in a 10-player game of Texas hold 'em is approximately 2.117.

10³⁰

(; 1000¹⁰;

: one nonillion;

: one quintillion) ISO: quetta- (Q) * ''Mathematics:'' Belphegor's prime, 10³⁰ + 666 × 10¹⁴ + 1, or 1,000,000,000,000,066,600,000,000,000,001. * ''Biology – Bacterial cells on Earth:'' The number of bacterial cells on Earth is estimated at 5,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000, or 5 × 10³⁰. * ''Mathematics:'' 5,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,027 is the larges
quasi-minimal prime
* ''Mathematics:'' The number of partition of a set, partitions of 1000 is 24,061,467,864,032,622,473,692,149,727,991. * ''Mathematics:'' 2¹⁰⁷ − 1 = 162,259,276,829,213,363,391,578,010,288,127 (≈1.62) is the 11th

. * ''Mathematics:'' 2¹⁰⁷ = 162,259,276,829,213,363,391,578,010,288,128 is the largest known

not containing the digit '4' in its decimal representation. * ''Mathematics:'' 3⁶⁸ = 278,128,389,443,693,511,257,285,776,231,761 is the largest known power of three not containing the digit '0' in its decimal representation. * ''Mathematics:'' 2¹⁰⁸ = 324,518,553,658,426,726,783,156,020,576,256 is the largest known

not containing the digit '9' in its decimal representation.

10³³

(; 1000¹¹;

: one decillion;

: one thousand quintillion, or one quintilliard) * ''Mathematics – Alexander's Star:'' There are 72,431,714,252,715,638,411,621,302,272,000,000 (about 7.24) different positions of Alexander's Star.

10³⁶

(; 1000¹²;

: one undecillion;

: one sextillion) * ''Biology:'' The total number of

base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0. * ''Mathematics:'' 2¹²⁶ = 85,070,591,730,234,615,865,843,651,857,942,052,864 is the largest known

not containing a pair of consecutive equal digits. * ''Mathematics:'' 2^2⁷−1 − 1 = 170,141,183,460,469,231,731,687,303,715,884,105,727 (≈1.7) is the largest known double Mersenne prime and the 12th Mersenne prime. * ''Computing:'' 2¹²⁸ = 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 (≈3.40282367), the theoretical maximum number of Internet addresses that can be allocated under the IPv6 addressing system, one more than the largest value that can be represented by a single-precision IEEE floating-point value, the total number of different Universally Unique Identifiers (UUIDs) that can be generated. * ''Cryptography:'' 2¹²⁸ = 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 (≈3.40282367), the total number of different possible keys in the Advanced Encryption Standard, AES 128-bit key space (cryptography), key space (symmetric cipher).

10³⁹

(; 1000¹³;

: one duodecillion;

: one thousand sextillion, or one sextilliard) * ''Cosmology:'' The Eddington–Dirac number is roughly 10⁴⁰. * ''Mathematics:'' 5⁵⁸ = 34,694,469,519,536,141,888,238,489,627,838,134,765,625 is the largest known power of five not containing the digit '0' in its decimal representation. * ''Mathematics:'' Primorial, 97# × 2⁵ × 3³ × 5 × 7 = 69,720,375,229,712,477,164,533,808,935,312,303,556,800 (≈6.97) is the

of every integer from 1 to 100.

10⁴² to 10⁶³

(; 1000¹⁴;

: one tredecillion;

: one septillion) * ''Mathematics:'' 141 × 2¹⁴¹ + 1 = 393,050,634,124,102,232,869,567,034,555,427,371,542,904,833 (≈3.93) is the second Cullen prime. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 7,401,196,841,564,901,869,874,093,974,498,574,336,000,000,000 (≈7.4) possible permutations for the Rubik's Revenge (4×4×4 Rubik's Cube). ChessStartingPosition

* ''Mathematics:'' 2¹⁵³ = 11,417,981,541,647,679,048,466,287,755,595,961,091,061,972,992 is the largest known

not containing the digit '3' in its decimal representation. * ''Chess'': 4.52 is a proven upper bound for the number of chess positions allowed according to the rules of chess. * ''Geo'': 1.33 is the estimated number of atom, atoms on Earth. * ''Mathematics:'' 2¹⁶⁸ = 374,144,419,156,711,147,060,143,317,175,368,453,031,918,731,001,856 is the largest known

which is not Pandigital number, pandigital: There is no digit '2' in its decimal representation. * ''Mathematics:'' 3¹⁰⁶ = 375,710,212,613,636,260,325,580,163,599,137,907,799,836,383,538,729 is the largest known power of three which is not pandigital: There is no digit '4' in its decimal representation. * ''Mathematics:'' 808,017,424,794,512,875,886,459,904,961,710,757,005,754,368,000,000,000 (≈8.08) is the Order (group theory), order of the monster group. * ''Cryptography:'' 2¹⁹² = 6,277,101,735,386,680,763,835,789,423,207,666,416,102,355,444,464,034,512,896 (6.27710174), the total number of different possible keys in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 192-bit key space (cryptography), key space (symmetric cipher). * ''Cosmology:'' 8 is roughly the number of Planck time intervals since the universe is theorised to have been created in the Big Bang 13.799 ± 0.021 1000000000 (number), billion years ago.

10⁶³ to 10¹⁰⁰

(; 1000²¹;

: one vigintillion;

: one thousand decillion, or one decilliard) * ''Cosmology:'' 1 is Archimedes' estimate in ''The Sand Reckoner'' of the total number of grains of sand that could fit into the entire cosmos, the diameter of which he estimated in stadion (unit), stadia to be what we call 2 light-years. * ''Mathematics:'' 3¹³³ = 2,865,014,852,390,475,710,679,572,105,323,242,035,759,805,416,923,029,389,510,561,523 is the largest known power of three not containing a pair of consecutive equal digits. * ''Mathematics – Cards:'' 52factorial, ! = 80,658,175,170,943,878,571,660,636,856,403,766,975,289,505,440,883,277,824,000,000,000,000 (≈8.07) – the number of ways to order the Playing card, cards in a 52-card deck. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 100,669,616,553,523,347,122,516,032,313,645,505,168,688,116,411,019,768,627,200,000,000,000 (≈1.01×10⁶⁸) possible combinations for the Megaminx. * ''Mathematics:'' 1,808,422,353,177,349,564,546,512,035,512,530,001,279,481,259,854,248,860,454,348,989,451,026,887 (≈1.81) – The largest known prime factor found by Lenstra elliptic-curve factorization (LECF) . * ''Mathematics:'' There are 282,870,942,277,741,856,536,180,333,107,150,328,293,127,731,985,672,134,721,536,000,000,000,000,000 (≈2.83) possible permutations for the Professor's Cube (5×5×5 Rubik's Cube). * ''Cryptography:'' 2²⁵⁶ = 115,792,089,237,316,195,423,570,985,008,687,907,853,269,984,665,640,564,039,457,584,007,913,129,639,936 (≈1.15792089), the total number of different possible keys in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 256-bit key space (cryptography), key space (symmetric cipher). * ''Cosmology:'' Various sources estimate the total number of fundamental particles in the observable universe to be within the range of 10⁸⁰ to 10⁸⁵.WMAP- Content of the Universe
. Map.gsfc.nasa.gov (2010-04-16). Retrieved on 2011-05-01. However, these estimates are generally regarded as guesswork. (Compare the Eddington number, the estimated total number of protons in the observable universe.) * ''Computing:'' 9.999 999 is equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE decimal32 floating-point format. * ''Computing:'' 69! (roughly 1.7112245), is the largest

value that can be represented on a calculator with two digits for powers of ten without overflow. * ''Mathematics:'' One googol, 1, 1 followed by one hundred zeros, or 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000.

10¹⁰⁰ (one googol) to 10¹⁰⁰⁰

(;

: ten duotrigintillion;

: ten thousand sexdecillion, or ten sexdecillard) * ''Mathematics:'' There are 157 152 858 401 024 063 281 013 959 519 483 771 508 510 790 313 968 742 344 694 684 829 502 629 887 168 573 442 107 637 760 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 (≈1.57) distinguishable permutations of the V-Cube 6 (6×6×6 Rubik's Cube). * ''Chess:'' Shannon number, 10¹²⁰, a lower bound of the game-tree complexity of chess. * ''Physics:'' 10¹²⁰, Cosmological constant problem, discrepancy between the observed value of the cosmological constant and a naive estimate based on Quantum Field Theory and the Planck energy. * ''Physics:'' 8, ratio of the mass-energy in the observable universe to the energy of a photon with a wavelength the size of the observable universe. * ''Mathematics:'' 19 568 584 333 460 072 587 245 340 037 736 278 982 017 213 829 337 604 336 734 362 294 738 647 777 395 483 196 097 971 852 999 259 921 329 236 506 842 360 439 300 (≈1.96) is the period of Fermat pseudoprimes. * ''History – Religion:'' Asaṃkhyeya is a Buddhism, Buddhist name for the number 10¹⁴⁰. It is listed in the Avatamsaka Sutra and metaphorically means "innumerable" in the Sanskrit language of History of India, ancient India. * ''Xiangqi:'' 10¹⁵⁰, an estimation of the game-tree complexity of xiangqi. * ''Mathematics:'' 2⁵²¹ − 1 = 6 864 797 660 130 609 714 981 900 799 081 393 217 269 435 300 143 305 409 394 463 459 185 543 183 397 656 052 122 559 640 661 454 554 977 296 311 391 480 858 037 121 987 999 716 643 812 574 028 291 115 057 151 (≈6.86) is the largest known prime which is simultaneously a

and

. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 19 500 551 183 731 307 835 329 126 754 019 748 794 904 992 692 043 434 567 152 132 912 323 232 706 135 469 180 065 278 712 755 853 360 682 328 551 719 137 311 299 993 600 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 (≈1.95) distinguishable permutations of the V-Cube 7 (7×7×7 Rubik's Cube). FloorGoban

* ''Go:'' There are 208 168 199 381 979 984 699 478 633 344 862 770 286 522 453 884 530 548 425 639 456 820 927 419 612 738 015 378 525 648 451 698 519 643 907 259 916 015 628 128 546 089 888 314 427 129 715 319 317 557 736 620 397 247 064 840 935 (≈2.08) legal positions in the game of Go. See Go and mathematics. * ''Economics:'' The annualized rate of the Hungarian pengő#Hyperinflation, hyperinflation in Hungary in 1946 was estimated to be 2.9%. It was the most extreme case of hyperinflation ever recorded. * ''Board games:'' 3.457, number of ways to arrange the tiles in English-language Scrabble, English Scrabble on a standard 15-by-15 Scrabble board. * ''Physics:'' 10¹⁸⁶, approximate number of Planck volumes in the observable universe. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 1 232 507 756 161 568 013 733 174 639 895 750 813 761 087 074 840 896 182 396 140 424 396 146 760 158 229 902 239 889 099 665 575 990 049 299 860 175 851 176 152 712 039 950 335 697 389 221 704 074 672 278 055 758 253 470 515 200 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 (≈1.23) distinguishable permutations of the Tuttminx. * ''Mathematics:'' There are 35 173 780 923 109 452 777 509 592 367 006 557 398 539 936 328 978 098 352 427 605 879 843 998 663 990 903 628 634 874 024 098 344 287 402 504 043 608 416 113 016 679 717 941 937 308 041 012 307 368 528 117 622 006 727 311 360 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 (≈3.52) distinguishable permutations of the V-Cube 8 (8×8×8 Rubik's Cube). * ''Shogi:'' 10²²⁶, an estimation of the game-tree complexity of shogi. * ''Physics:'' 7, approximate spacetime volume of the history of the observable universe in Planck units. * ''Computing:'' 170! (roughly 7.2574156), is the largest

value that can be represented in the IEEE

. * ''Computing:'' 1.797 693 134 862 315 807 is approximately equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE

. * ''Mathematics:'' 1.397162914 is an estimate of a value of

x

for which

\operatorname(x) < \pi(x)

(known as Skewes's number) given by Stoll & Demichel (2011). A proved upper bound of exp(727.951346802) < 1.397182091 (without assuming the Riemann hypothesis) or exp(727.951338612) < 1.397170648 (assuming RH) is given by Zegowitz (2010). * ''Computing:'' (10 – 10⁻¹⁵) is equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE decimal64 floating-point format. * ''Mathematics:'' Primorial, 997# × 31# × 7 × 5² × 3⁴ × 2⁷ = 7 128 865 274 665 093 053 166 384 155 714 272 920 668 358 861 885 893 040 452 001 991 154 324 087 581 111 499 476 444 151 913 871 586 911 717 817 019 575 256 512 980 264 067 621 009 251 465 871 004 305 131 072 686 268 143 200 196 609 974 862 745 937 188 343 705 015 434 452 523 739 745 298 963 145 674 982 128 236 956 232 823 794 011 068 809 262 317 708 861 979 540 791 247 754 558 049 326 475 737 829 923 352 751 796 735 248 042 463 638 051 137 034 331 214 781 746 850 878 453 485 678 021 888 075 373 249 921 995 672 056 932 029 099 390 891 687 487 672 697 950 931 603 520 000 (≈7.13) is the

of every integer from 1 to 1000.

10¹⁰⁰⁰ to 10^1,000,000

* ''Mathematics:'' 4713 × 2⁴⁷¹³ + 1 ≈ 2.68 is the third Cullen prime. * ''Mathematics:'' There are approximately 1.869 distinguishable permutations of the world's largest Rubik's Cube (33×33×33). * ''Computing:'' 1.189 731 495 357 231 765 05 is approximately equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE 80-bit x86 extended precision floating-point format. * ''Computing:'' 1.189 731 495 357 231 765 085 759 326 628 007 0 is approximately equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE quadruple-precision floating-point format. * ''Computing:'' (10 – 10⁻³³) is equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE decimal128 floating-point format. * ''Computing:'' 10^10,000 − 1 is equal to the largest value that can be represented in Windows Phone's calculator. * ''Mathematics:'' ''F''₂₀₁₁₀₇ is a 42,029-digit Fibonacci prime; the largest known certain Fibonacci prime . * ''Mathematics:'' ''L''₂₀₂₆₆₇ is a 42,355-digit Lucas prime; the largest confirmed Lucas prime . * ''Mathematics:'' 104,824⁵ + 5^104,824 is the largest proven Leyland number, Leyland prime; with 73,269 digits . * ''Computing:'' 1.611 325 717 485 760 473 619 572 118 452 005 010 644 023 874 549 669 517 476 371 250 496 071 827 is approximately equal to the largest value that can be represented in the IEEE octuple-precision floating-point format. * ''Mathematics:'' approximately 7.76 × 10^206,544 cattle in the smallest herd which satisfies the conditions of Archimedes's cattle problem. * ''Mathematics:'' 2,618,163,402,417 × 2^1,290,000 − 1 is a 388,342-digit Sophie Germain prime; the largest known . * ''Mathematics:'' 2,996,863,034,895 × 2^1,290,000 ± 1 are 388,342-digit twin primes; the largest known .

10^1,000,000 to 10^10¹⁰⁰ (one googolplex)

* ''Mathematics:'' ''L''_5466311 is a 1,142,392-digit Lucas prime, Lucas probable prime; the largest known . * ''Mathematics:'' 3,267,113# – 1 is a 1,418,398-digit primorial prime; the largest known . * ''Mathematics – Literature:'' Jorge Luis Borges' Library of Babel contains at least 25^1,312,000 ≈ 1.956 × 10^1,834,097 books (this is a lower bound). * ''Mathematics:'' 10^1,888,529 − 10^944,264 – 1 is a 1,888,529-digit palindromic prime, the largest known . * ''Mathematics:'' 4 × 72^1,119,849 − 1 is the smallest prime of the form 4 × 72^''n'' − 1. * ''Mathematics:'' 2^6,972,593 − 1 is a 2,098,960-digit

; the 38th Mersenne prime and the last Mersenne prime discovered in the 20th century. * ''Mathematics:'' ''F''_10367321 is a 2,166,642-digit probable Fibonacci prime; the largest known .PRP Top Records, Search for : F(n)
Retrieved 2025-03-25. * ''Mathematics:'' 422,429! + 1 is a 2,193,027-digit factorial prime; the largest known . * ''Mathematics:'' (2^15,135,397 + 1)/3 is a 4,556,209-digit Wagstaff prime, Wagstaff probable prime, the largest known . * ''Mathematics:'' 81 × 2^20,498,148 + 1 is a 6,170,560-digit Pierpont prime, the largest known . * ''Mathematics:'' 1,963,736^1,048,576 + 1 is a 6,598,776-digit Generalized Fermat prime, the largest known . * ''Mathematics:'' (10^8,177,207 − 1)/9 is a 8,177,207-digit probable prime, the largest known . * ''Mathematics:'' 10,223 × 2^31,172,165 + 1 is a 9,383,761-digit Proth prime, the largest known Proth prime and non-Mersenne prime . * ''Mathematics:'' 2^77,232,917 − 1 is a 23,249,425-digit

; the third largest known prime of any kind . * ''Mathematics:'' 2^82,589,933 − 1 is a 24,862,048-digit

; the second largest known prime of any kind . Digits in largest prime found as a function of time

* ''Mathematics:'' 2^136,279,841 − 1 is a 41,024,320-digit

; the largest known prime of any kind .Chris Caldwell
The Top Twenty: Largest Known Primes
at The Prime Pages. * ''Mathematics:'' 2^82,589,932 × (2^82,589,933 − 1) is a 49,724,095-digit

, the second largest known as of 2025. * ''Mathematics:'' 2^136,279,840 × (2^136,279,841 − 1) is an 82,048,640-digit

, the largest known as of 2025.Chris Caldwell
Mersenne Primes: History, Theorems and Lists
at The Prime Pages. * ''Mathematics – History:'' 10^8×10¹⁶, largest named number in Archimedes' ''The Sand Reckoner, Sand Reckoner''. * ''Mathematics:'' SSCG(2) = 3 × 2^{(3 × 2⁹⁵)} − 8 ≈ 3.241704 × 10. Its first and last 20 digits are 32417042291246009846...34057047399148290040. See Friedman's SSCG function. * ''Mathematics:'' 10^googol (

10^

), a googolplex. A number 1 followed by 1 googol zeros. Carl Sagan has estimated that 1 googolplex, fully written out, would not fit in the observable universe because of its size.

Larger than 10^10¹⁰⁰

(One googolplex; 10^googol;

: googolplex;

: googolplex) * ''Go:'' There are at least 10^10¹⁰⁸ legal games of Go. See Go and mathematics#Game_tree_complexity, Game Tree Complexity. * ''Mathematics – Literature:'' The number of different ways in which the books in Jorge Luis Borges' The Library of Babel, Library of Babel can be arranged is approximately

10^

, the

of the number of books in the Library of Babel. * ''Cosmology:'' In Chaotic Inflation theory, chaotic inflation theory, proposed by physicist Andrei Linde, our universe is one of many other universes with different physical constants that originated as part of our local section of the Multiverse#Bubble theory, multiverse, owing to a vacuum that had not decayed to its ground state. According to Linde and Vanchurin, the total number of these universes is about

10^

. * ''Mathematics:''

10^

, order of magnitude of an upper bound that occurred in a Skewes' number, proof of Skewes (this was later estimated to be closer to 1.397 × 10³¹⁶). *''Cosmology:'' The estimated number of Planck time, Planck time units for quantum fluctuations and quantum tunnelling, tunnelling to generate a new Big Bang is estimated to be

10^

. * ''Mathematics:''

10^

, a number in Names of large numbers#The googol family, the googol family called a googolplexplex, googolplexian, or googolduplex. 1 followed by a googolplex zeros, or 10^googolplex *''Cosmology:'' The uppermost estimate to the size of the entire universe is approximately

10^

times that of the observable universe. * ''Mathematics:''

10^

, order of magnitude of another upper bound in a proof of Stanley Skewes, Skewes. * ''Mathematics:'' Steinhaus' Steinhaus–Moser notation#Mega, mega lies between 10[4]257 and 10[4]258 (where ''a''[''n'']''b'' is hyperoperation). * ''Mathematics:'' ''g''₁ =

3\uparrow\uparrow\uparrow\uparrow 3

. See Graham's number. * ''Mathematics:'' Moser's number, "2 in a mega-gon" in Steinhaus–Moser notation, is approximately equal to 10[10[4]257]10, the last four digits are ...1056. * ''Mathematics:'' Graham's number, the last ten digits of which are ...2464195387. Arises as an upper bound solution to a problem in Ramsey theory. Representation in powers of 10 would be impractical (the number of 10s in the power tower

10^

would be virtually indistinguishable from the number itself). * ''Mathematics:'' Kruskal's tree theorem, TREE(3): appears in relation to a theorem on trees in graph theory. Representation of the number is difficult, but one weak lower bound is ''A''^{''A''(187196)}(1), where A(n) is a version of the Ackermann function. * ''Mathematics:'' Friedman's SSCG function, SSCG(3): appears in relation to the Robertson–Seymour theorem. Known to be greater than TREE(3). * ''Mathematics:'' Transcendental number, Transcendental integers: a set of numbers defined in 2000 by Harvey Friedman (mathematician), Harvey Friedman, appears in proof theory. * ''Mathematics:'' Rayo's number is a large number named after Agustín Rayo which has been claimed to be the largest number to have ever been named. It was originally defined in a "big number duel" at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT on 26 January 2007.

References

External links

* Seth Lloyd's pape
''Computational capacity of the universe''
provides a number of interesting dimensionless quantities.

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Orders Of Magnitude (Numbers) Orders of magnitude, Numbers

Smaller than (one googolth)

10−100 to 10−30

10−30

10−27

10−24

10−21

10−18

10−15

10−12

10−9

10−6

10−3

10−2

10−1

100

101

102

103

105

106

107

108

109

1010

1011

1012

1015

1018

1021

1024

1027

1030

1033

1036

1039

1042 to 1063

1063 to 10100

10100 (one googol) to 101000

101000 to 101,000,000

101,000,000 to 1010100 (one googolplex)

Larger than 1010100

See also

References

External links

10⁻¹⁰⁰ to 10⁻³⁰

10⁻³⁰

10⁻²⁷

10⁻²⁴

10⁻²¹

10⁻¹⁸

10⁻¹⁵

10⁻¹²

10⁻⁹

10⁻⁶

10⁻³

10⁻²

10⁻¹

10⁰

10¹

10²

10³

10⁵

10⁶

10⁷

10⁸

10⁹

10¹⁰

10¹¹

10¹²

10¹⁵

10¹⁸

10²¹

10²⁴

10²⁷

10³⁰

10³³

10³⁶

10³⁹

10⁴² to 10⁶³

10⁶³ to 10¹⁰⁰

10¹⁰⁰ (one googol) to 10¹⁰⁰⁰

10¹⁰⁰⁰ to 10^1,000,000

10^1,000,000 to 10^10¹⁰⁰ (one googolplex)

Larger than 10^10¹⁰⁰