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Ximenynic Acid
Ximenynic acid is ''trans''-11-octadecen-9-ynoic acid, a long-chain acetylenic fatty acid. It was discovered in the fruit kernels of 3 South American ximenia species (and so named). and found to have the formula C18H30O2. It can be extracted from the fruit kernels of the '' Santalum obtusifolium'' (Sandalwood)Medicinal Plants in Australia, Volume 1. Cheryll Williams page 274. and the Australian sandalwood ''Santalum spicatum'' It is also found in seed oil of other plants in the Santalaceae family, including the native cherry ''Exocarpos cupressiformis'' and sweet quandong ''Santalum acuminatum ''Santalum acuminatum'', the desert quandong, is a hemiparasitic plant in the sandalwood family, Santalaceae, (Native to Australia) which is widely dispersed throughout the central deserts and southern areas of Australia. The species, especia ...''. Sources Patents It was the subject of a 2003 European patent (for use in food). The patent application was deemed withdrawn in Aug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omega-9 Fatty Acid
Omega-9 fatty acids (ω−9 fatty acids or ''n''−9 fatty acids) are a family of unsaturated fatty acids which have in common a final carbon–carbon double bond in the omega−9 position; that is, the ninth bond from the methyl end of the fatty acid. Unlike omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acid, omega−9 fatty acids are not classed as essential fatty acids (EFA). This is both because they can be created by the human body from unsaturated fat, and are therefore not essential in the diet, and because the lack of an omega−6 double bond keeps them from participating in the reactions that form the eicosanoids. Background Some omega−9 fatty acids are common components of animal fat and vegetable oil. Two omega−9 fatty acids important in industry are: * Oleic acid (18:1, ''n''−9), which is a main component of olive oil, macadamia oil and other monounsaturated fats * Erucic acid (22:1, ''n''−9), which is found in rapeseed, wallflower seed, and mustard seed. Rapes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acetylenic
In organic chemistry, the term acetylenic designates *A doubly unsaturated position (''sp''-hybridized) on a molecular framework, for instance in an alkyne such as acetylene; *An ethynyl fragment, HC\equivC–, or substituted homologue. See also * Allylic/Homoallylic * Benzylic In organic chemistry, benzyl is the substituent or molecular fragment possessing the structure . Benzyl features a benzene ring () attached to a methylene group () group. Nomenclature In IUPAC nomenclature, the prefix benzyl refers to a subst ... * Propargylic/Homopropargylic * Vinylic Organic chemistry {{organic-chemistry-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fatty Acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells. History The concept of fatty acid (''acide gras'') was introduced in 1813 by Michel Eugène Chevreul, though he initially used some variant terms: ''graisse acide'' and ''acide huileux'' ("acid fat" and "oily acid"). Types of fatty acids Fatty acids are classified in many ways: by length, by saturation vs unsaturati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ximenia
''Ximenia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Olacaceae. The generic name honors Francisco Ximénez, a Spanish priest.Genaust, Helmut (1976). ''Etymologisches Wörterbuch der botanischen Pflanzennamen'' Selected species * ''Ximenia americana'' L. * ''Ximenia caffra'' (large sourplum) Sond. * ''Ximenia coriacea'' Engl. * ''Ximenia roigii'' León Formerly placed here * ''Balanites aegyptiaca'' (L.) Delile (as ''X. aegyptiaca'' L.) Image gallery Image:Ximenia americana leaves at Chilkur near Hyderabad, AP W IMG 7290.jpg, ''Ximenia americana'' leaves at Chilkur near Hyderabad, India. Image:Ximenia americana leaves & fruit at Chilkur near Hyderabad, AP W IMG 7288.jpg, ''Ximenia americana'' leaves & fruit at Chilkur near Hyderabad, India Hyderabad ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana and the '' de jure'' capital of Andhra Pradesh. It occupies on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River, in the norther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santalum Obtusifolium
''Santalum obtusifolium'', known as the sandalwood or blunt sandalwood, is a shrub found in eastern Australia. Often seen around a metre tall, it may grow to 2.5 metres high. Seen in eucalyptus forests and woodlands, often by creeks and usually not far from the sea. It grows in moderate to high rainfall areas such as Royal and Lamington National Parks. Growing as far from the coast as Yarrowitch, Megalong Valley and Braidwood in New South Wales. Unlike other sandalwood species, little is known of its fruit, wood, or other uses. However, there are reports the fruit is edible. According to Butaud 2008, there is Ximenynic acid (71.5%) and Oleic acid (14.3%) in the fruit kernels.Medicinal Plants in Australia, Volume 1. Cheryll Williams page 274. The specific epithet ''obtusifolium'' is from Latin, and it refers to the blunt leaves. This plant first appeared in the scientific literature in 1810, in the ''Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae'', authored by the prolific Scottish bota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santalum Spicatum
''Santalum spicatum'', the Australian sandalwood, also Waang and other names (Noongar) and Dutjahn ( Martu), is a tree native to semi-arid areas at the edge of Southwest Australia, in the state of Western Australia. It is also found in South Australia, where it is protected and listed as a vulnerable species. It is traded as sandalwood, and its sandalwood oil has been used as an aromatic and a food source over history. ''S. spicatum'' is one of four ''Santalum'' species occurring in Australia. History ''S. spicatum'' has been used sustainably as a source of bush food and medicine for thousands of years by Aboriginal Australians, who also use it in smoking ceremonies. Soon after the arrival of Europeans in Western Australia, colonists began harvesting sandalwood trees to export overseas for incense production. This decimated sandalwood populations in the south west agricultural zone, and pushed harvesting out into the arid and semi-arid interior. Millions of trees have been ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santalaceae
The Santalaceae, sandalwoods, are a widely distributed family of flowering plants (including small trees, shrubs, perennial herbs, and epiphytic climbersHewson & George t al.br>''Santalaceae'' taxonomy, 1984, pp. 191-194.) which, like other members of Santalales, are partially parasitic on other plants. Its flowers are bisexual or, by abortion ("flower drop"), unisexual.Pilger, R''Santalaceae''(with 17 figures). R. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. (1810) 350, pp. 1-45. Modern treatments of the Santalaceae include the family Viscaceae (mistletoes), previously considered distinct. The APG II system of 2003 recognises the family and assigns it to the order Santalales in the clade core eudicots. However, the circumscription by APG is much wider than accepted by previous classifications, including the plants earlier treated in families Eremolepidaceae and Viscaceae. It includes about 1,000 species in 43 genera. Many have reported traditional and cultural uses, including as medicine. Genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exocarpos Cupressiformis
''Exocarpos cupressiformis'', with common names that include native cherry, cherry ballart, and cypress cherry, belongs to the sandalwood family of plants. It is a species endemic to Australia. Occasionally the genus name is spelt "Exocarpus" but it appears to be mostly no longer in use. Description The cherry ballart superficially resembles the cypress. It is a large shrub or small tree, tall, often pyramidal in shape. There are no authoritative published accounts of its host plants or parasitism, the following notes are based on anecdotal accounts. In the early stages of development especially, and like many other members of the Santalaceae, the plants are hemiparasitic on the roots of other trees, particularly Eucalyptus – hence the usefulness of shallow soils to establish this parasitism. More mature plants are less reliant on this parasitism once photosynthesis in their stems is well established. The leaves are reduced to small scales; the green, drooping stems are the sit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santalum Acuminatum
''Santalum acuminatum'', the desert quandong, is a hemiparasitic plant in the sandalwood family, Santalaceae, (Native to Australia) which is widely dispersed throughout the central deserts and southern areas of Australia. The species, especially its edible fruit, is also commonly referred to as quandong or native peach. The use of the fruit as an exotic flavouring, one of the best known bush tucker (bush food), has led to the attempted domestication of the species. Desert quandong is an evergreen tree, its fruit can be stewed to make pie filling for quandong pies or made into a fruit juice drink. The seed (kernel) inside the tough shell can be extracted to be crushed into a paste then be used on sore gums or an oral gum boil to ease the pain. In far-west New South Wales being one of the few drought-tolerant fruit trees around, many Aboriginal communities and local Australians that know about this fruit like to grow it. Description ''Santalum acuminatum'' grows as a tall shrub, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fatty Acids
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells. History The concept of fatty acid (''acide gras'') was introduced in 1813 by Michel Eugène Chevreul, though he initially used some variant terms: ''graisse acide'' and ''acide huileux'' ("acid fat" and "oily acid"). Types of fatty acids Fatty acids are classified in many ways: by length, by saturation vs unsatura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alkene Derivatives
In organic chemistry, an alkene is a hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond. Alkene is often used as synonym of olefin, that is, any hydrocarbon containing one or more double bonds.H. Stephen Stoker (2015): General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry'. 1232 pages. Two general types of monoalkenes are distinguished: terminal and internal. Also called α-olefins, terminal alkenes are more useful. However, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommends using the name "alkene" only for acyclic hydrocarbons with just one double bond; alkadiene, alkatriene, etc., or polyene for acyclic hydrocarbons with two or more double bonds; cycloalkene, cycloalkadiene, etc. for cyclic ones; and "olefin" for the general class – cyclic or acyclic, with one or more double bonds. Acyclic alkenes, with only one double bond and no other functional groups (also known as mono-enes) form a homologous series of hydrocarbons with the general formula with '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
