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Tyrannosaurs
Tyrannosauroidea (meaning 'tyrant lizard forms') is a superfamily (or clade) of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that includes the family Tyrannosauridae as well as more basal relatives. Tyrannosauroids lived on the Laurasian supercontinent beginning in the Jurassic Period. By the end of the Cretaceous Period, tyrannosauroids were the dominant large predators in the Northern Hemisphere, culminating in the gigantic ''Tyrannosaurus''. Fossils of tyrannosauroids have been recovered on what are now the continents of North America, Europe and Asia, with fragmentary remains possibly attributable to tyrannosaurs also known from South America and Australia. Tyrannosauroids were bipedal carnivores, as were most theropods, and were characterized by numerous skeletal features, especially of the skull and pelvis. Early in their existence, tyrannosauroids were small predators with long, three-fingered forelimbs. Late Cretaceous genera became much larger, including some of the largest land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrannosaurus Rex
''Tyrannosaurus'' is a genus of large theropod dinosaur. The species ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' (''rex'' meaning "king" in Latin), often called ''T. rex'' or colloquially ''T-Rex'', is one of the best represented theropods. ''Tyrannosaurus'' lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia. ''Tyrannosaurus'' had a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the Upper Cretaceous period, 68 to 66 million years ago. It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids and among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, ''Tyrannosaurus'' was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to its large and powerful hind limbs, the forelimbs of ''Tyrannosaurus'' were short but unusually powerful for their size, and they had two clawed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timurlengia
''Timurlengia'' is an extinct genus of tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaur found in Uzbekistan, in the Bissekty Formation in the Kyzylkum Desert, hailing from the Turonian age of the early Late Cretaceous. The type species is ''Timurlengia euotica''. Discovery From 1944 onwards, tyrannosauroid fossil material consisting of single bones has been described from the Bissekty Formation by Soviet or Russian researchers. In 2004 a team discovered a braincase, which would have anchored the dinosaur's neck muscles and protected its brain and ear canals. The braincase was stored in a cardboard box in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, until tyrannosaur expert Steve Brusatte identified it as a distinctive new species in 2014. In 2016, Stephen Louis Brusatte, Alexander Averianov, Hans-Dieter Sues, Amy Muir, and Ian B. Butler named and described the type species ''Timurlengia euotica''. The genus is named after Timurleng, founder of the Timurid Empire in Central Asia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suskityrannus
''Suskityrannus'' (meaning "coyote tyrant", ''suski'' meaning "coyote" in Zuni) is a genus of small tyrannosauroid theropod from the Late Cretaceous in southern Laramidia. It contains a single species, ''Suskityrannus hazelae,'' believed to have lived roughly 92 million years ago. The type specimen was found in the Turonian-age Moreno Hill Formation of the Zuni Basin in western New Mexico. Discovery and naming First mentioned as a small dromaeosaurid by Wolfe and Kirkland in their description of ''Zuniceratops'', ''Suskityrannus'' was informally referred to as the "Zuni coelurosaur", "Zuni tyrannosaur", and by the 2011 documentary ''Planet Dinosaur'' "Zunityrannus" prior to its scientific description. The original fossils were found by Robert Denton, a professional geologist from Virginia, and a native Mesa teen Sterling Nesbitt, who was a museum volunteer that came to a dig with paleontologist Doug Wolfe. In 2019 ''Suskityrannus'' was formally described as a genus of prim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinbeisaurus
''Jinbeisaurus'' (meaning "northern Shanxi Province lizard" after Shanxi Province in China) is a genus of tyrannosauroid dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous Huiquanpu Formation from Shanxi Province in China. The type and only species is ''Jinbeisaurus wangi''. It is the first non-avian theropod known from Shanxi. Analysis of the specimen indicates that ''Jinbeisaurus'' is more derived than related tyrannosauroids such as ''Xiongguanlong'' and phylogenetically more advanced than ''Suskityrannus'', to which it has been compared. ''Jinbeisaurus'' was originally seen as a juvenile specimen of ''Tarbosaurus''. Description It is known from holotype specimen SMG V0003, including a "pair of maxillae (nearly complete right bone and incomplete left bone) and an incomplete right dentary, associated with two cervical centra, five dorsal centra, and an incomplete right pubis." It can be distinguished from other tyrannosaurs by "a broad interfenestral strut, a deep fossa on the broad base o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eutyrannosauria
Eutyrannosauria is a clade of tyrannosauroid theropods whose distribution has been found in what is now Asia and North America. The clade consists of an evolutionary grade of tyrannosaurs such as ''Appalachiosaurus'', ''Dryptosaurus'', and ''Bistahieversor'' which led up to the family Tyrannosauridae Tyrannosauridae (or tyrannosaurids, meaning "tyrant lizards") is a family of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that comprises two subfamilies containing up to thirteen genera, including the eponymous ''Tyrannosaurus''. The exact number of genera .... The group was named in 2018 by Delcourt and Grillo in their paper about possible southern hemisphere tyrannosauroids and the phylogeography of tyrannosaurs. Classification Below is a phylogeographic cladogram of Eutyrannosauria after Voris ''et al.'' (2020): References Tyrannosaurs {{Theropod-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stokesosaurus
''Stokesosaurus'' (meaning "Stokes' lizard") is a genus of small (around in length), carnivorous early tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaurs from the late Jurassic period of Utah, United States. History From 1960 onwards Utah geologist William Lee Stokes and his assistant James Henry Madsen excavated thousands of disarticulated ''Allosaurus'' bones at the Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry in Emery County, Utah. During the early 1970s, Madsen began to catalogue these finds in detail, discovering that some remains represented species new to science. In 1974 Madsen named and described the type species ''Stokesosaurus clevelandi''. Its generic name honours Stokes. The specific name refers to the town of Cleveland, Utah. The holotype ( UMNH 2938, also known as UMNH VP 7473 and formerly known as UUVP 2938) was uncovered in the Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation dating from the early Tithonian stage, about 150 million years old. It consists of a left ilium or hip bone, bel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juratyrant
''Juratyrant'' (meaning "Jurassic tyrant") is a tyrannosauroid dinosaur genus from the late Jurassic period (early Tithonian age) of England. The genus contains a single species, ''Juratyrant langhami'', which was once classed as a species of ''Stokesosaurus''. Discovery The species is known from a single specimen consisting of an "associated partial skeleton represented by a complete pelvis" as well as a partially complete leg and neck, back and tail vertebrae. This skeleton was discovered in 1984 in Dorset. The specimen was mentioned in several papers, but was not formally described until 2008. The species was named in honor of commercial fossil collector Peter Langham, who uncovered the specimen. The specimen was discovered in strata of the Kimmeridge Clay dating from the Tithonian, the final stage of the Late Jurassic, and belonging to the ''Pectinatites pectinatus'' ammonite zone, indicating the fossil is between 149.3 and 149 million years old. Description Paul (2010) l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eotyrannus
''Eotyrannus'' (meaning "dawn tyrant") is a genus of tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaur hailing from the Early Cretaceous Wessex Formation beds, included in Wealden Group, located in the southwest coast of the Isle of Wight, United Kingdom. The remains (MIWG1997.550), consisting of assorted skull, axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton elements, from a juvenile or subadult, found in a plant debris clay bed, were described by Hutt ''et al.'' in early 2001. The etymology of the generic name refers to the animal's classification as an early tyrannosaur or "tyrant lizard", while the specific name honors the discoverer of the fossil. Discovery and naming The exact location of the discovery of the holotype specimen has not been revealed due to its importance and the possibility of new material to be collected as the coastline recedes. From what is mentioned in the description, the specimen was found on the southwestern coast of the Isle of Wight, between Atherfield Point and Hanove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiongguanlong
''Xiongguanlong'' ("Grand Pass dragon") is a genus of tyrannosauroid dinosaur that lived in the Early Cretaceous of what is now China. The type species is ''X. baimoensis'', described online in 2009 by a group of researchers from China and the United States, and formally published in January 2009. The genus name refers to the city of Jiayuguan, a city in northwestern China. The specific name is derived from ''bai mo'', "white ghost", after the "white ghost castle", a rock formation near the fossil site. The fossils include a skull, vertebrae, a right ilium and the right femur. The rocks it was found in are from the Xiagou Formation which preserves fossils from the late Aptian stage. Description ''Xiongguanlong'' was a bipedal animal which balanced its body with a long tail, like most other theropods. It was intermediate in size between earlier tyrannosauroids from the Barremian and later tyrannosaurids from the Late Cretaceous, such as ''Tyrannosaurus'', and has been estimated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timimus
''Timimus'' is a genus of small coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Australia. It was originally identified as an ornithomimosaur, but now it is thought to be a different kind of theropod, possibly a tyrannosauroid. Discovery and species In 1991, two femora (thighbones), one from an adult and one from a juvenile, were found within a metre of each other at the Dinosaur Cove East site, in the small "Lake Copco" quarry, at the southern tip of Australia. The type species, ''Timimus hermani'', was formally named and shortly described by Dr Thomas Rich and his wife Patricia Vickers-Rich in 1993/1994. The generic name means "Tim's Mimic" and combines the name of both the discoverers' son Timothy Rich and palaeontologist Tim Flannery with a Latin ''mimus'', "mimic", a reference to the presumed affinity of the species with the Ornithomimosauria. The specific name honours volunteer John Herman who, for many years, assisted the Dinosaur Cove project. The holoty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santanaraptor
''Santanaraptor'' (meaning "Santana Formation thief") is a genus of Tyrannosauroidea, tyrannosauroid Theropoda, theropod dinosaur that lived in South America during the Early Cretaceous (late Aptian-early Albian), about 112 million years ago. Discovery The type species is ''S. placidus'', first described by Alexander Kellner, Kellner in 1999. The species epithet refers to , who founded the . Description The holotype (National Museum of Brazil, MN 4802-V) is a juvenile partial skeleton consisting of three caudal vertebrae with chevrons, ischia, femora, tibia, fibula, pes, and soft tissue. The fossilized tissue includes a thin Epidermis (zoology), epidermis, muscle fibers, and possibly blood vessels. Skin impressions under the left foot are also preserved, showing Scale (anatomy), scales. It was unearthed in 1996 from the Romualdo Formation (Santana Group) in the Ceará State, Northeast Region, Brazil, northeastern Brazil. While primarily known from hindquarter elements, the indiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moros Intrepidus
''Moros'' is a genus of tyrannosauroid theropod that lived during the Late Cretaceous period in what is now Utah, United States. It contains a single species, ''M. intrepidus''. ''Moros'' represents one of the earliest known diagnostic tyrannosauroid material from the North America. Discovery and naming ''Moros'' was first discovered at the Stormy Theropod site located in Emery County in the U.S. state of Utah. Palaeontologists had been researching the area for ten years when in 2013 limb bones were seen jutting out of a hillside, prompting the excavation. The bones were described as of a new species in February, 2019. In 2019, the type species ''Moros intrepidus'' was named and described by Lindsay E. Zanno, Ryan T. Tucker, Aurore Canoville, Haviv M. Avrahami, Terry A. Gates and Peter J. Makovicky. The generic name is derived from the Greek ''Moros'' (an embodiment of impending doom), in reference to the establishment of the tyrannosauroid lineage in North America. The specifi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
