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Steel Dam
A steel dam is a type of dam (a structure to impound or retard the flow of water) that is made of steel, rather than the more common masonry, earthworks, concrete or timber construction materials. Relatively few examples were ever built. Of the three built in the US, two remain: the Ashfork-Bainbridge Steel Dam, built in 1898 in the Arizona desert to supply locomotive water to the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway (ATSF), and the Redridge Steel Dam, built 1901, in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to supply water to stamp mills. The third, the Hauser Lake Dam in Montana, was finished in 1907 but failed in 1908. Steel dams were found to be uneconomical after World War I, as the price of steel increased by many multiples, compared with cement prices. Their economics are highly favourable in 21st century due to lower total onsite labour costs, lower cost for bulk material transportation, availability of more construction time in a year, and flexibility in construction plan compl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IA, The Journal Of The Society For Industrial Archeology
''IA: The Journal of the Society for Industrial Archeology'' is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Society for Industrial Archeology, currently edited by Steven Walton ( Michigan Technological University). ''IA'' publishes scholarly research, essays, and reviews of books published in the field of industrial archeology. History The first issue of ''IA'' was published in 1975, followed by one issue per year through volume 11 in 1985. The current biannual publication frequency began with volume 12 in 1986, although there have been several double issues. ''IA'' has published a number of issues with articles on a common theme, including Montréal's Lachine Canal (2003), the Springfield Armory (1988), the West Point Foundry (2009), and three on the Historic American Engineering Record Heritage Documentation Programs (HDP) is a division of the U.S. National Park Service (NPS) responsible for administering the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS), Historic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Statically Determinate
In statics and structural mechanics, a structure is statically indeterminate when the static equilibrium equations force and moment equilibrium conditions are insufficient for determining the internal forces and Reaction (physics), reactions on that structure. Mathematics Based on Newton's laws of motion, the equilibrium equations available for a two-dimensional body are: : \sum \mathbf F = 0 : the vectorial sum of the forces acting on the body equals zero. This translates to: :: \sum \mathbf H = 0 : the sum of the horizontal components of the forces equals zero; :: \sum \mathbf V = 0 : the sum of the vertical components of forces equals zero; : \sum \mathbf M = 0 : the sum of the moment (physics), moments (about an arbitrary point) of all forces equals zero. In the beam (structure), beam construction on the right, the four unknown reactions are , , , and . The equilibrium equations are: : \begin \sum \mathbf V = 0 \quad & \implies \quad \mathbf V_A - \mathbf F_v + \mathbf V_ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Pipe
Plumbing is any system that conveys fluids for a wide range of applications. Plumbing uses pipes, valves, plumbing fixtures, tanks, and other apparatuses to convey fluids. Heating and cooling (HVAC), waste removal, and potable water delivery are among the most common uses for plumbing, but it is not limited to these applications. The word derives from the Latin for lead, ''plumbum'', as the first effective pipes used in the Roman era were lead pipes. In the developed world, plumbing infrastructure is critical to public health and sanitation. Boilermakers and pipefitters are not plumbers although they work with piping as part of their trade and their work can include some plumbing. History Plumbing originated during ancient civilizations, as they developed public baths and needed to provide potable water and wastewater removal for larger numbers of people. The Mesopotamians introduced the world to clay sewer pipes around 4000 BCE, with the earliest examples found in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantilever
A cantilever is a rigid structural element that extends horizontally and is supported at only one end. Typically it extends from a flat vertical surface such as a wall, to which it must be firmly attached. Like other structural elements, a cantilever can be formed as a beam, plate, truss, or slab. When subjected to a structural load at its far, unsupported end, the cantilever carries the load to the support where it applies a shear stress and a bending moment. Cantilever construction allows overhanging structures without additional support. In bridges, towers, and buildings Cantilevers are widely found in construction, notably in cantilever bridges and balconies (see corbel). In cantilever bridges, the cantilevers are usually built as pairs, with each cantilever used to support one end of a central section. The Forth Bridge in Scotland is an example of a cantilever truss bridge. A cantilever in a traditionally timber framed building is called a jetty or forebay. In the southe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cofferdam
A cofferdam is an enclosure built within a body of water to allow the enclosed area to be pumped out. This pumping creates a dry working environment so that the work can be carried out safely. Cofferdams are commonly used for construction or repair of permanent dams, oil platforms, bridge piers, etc., built within water. These cofferdams are usually welded steel structures, with components consisting of Larssen sheet piling, sheet piles, Wale (ship part), wales, and cross timber framing, braces. Such structures are usually dismantled after the construction work is completed. The origin of the word comes from ''coffer'' (originally from Latin ''cophinus'' meaning "basket") and ''dam'' from Proto-Germanic, Proto-German ''*dammaz'' meaning "barrier across a stream of water to obstruct its flow and raise its level"). Uses For dam construction, two cofferdams are usually built, one upstream and one downstream of the proposed dam, after an alternative diversion tunnel or channel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earth Anchor
An earth anchor is a device designed to support structures, most commonly used in Geotechnical engineering, geotechnical and construction applications. Also known as a ground anchor, percussion driven earth anchor or mechanical anchor, it may be impact driven into the ground or run in spirally, depending on its design and intended force-resistance characteristics. Earth anchors are used in both temporary or permanent applications, including supporting retaining walls, guyed masts, and circus tents. History The first practical earth anchor was invented in 1912 by Albert Bishop Chance in Centralia, Missouri, in response to an ice storm that knocked down his company’s telephone poles. The town of Centralia holds an annual Anchor Day Festival. Applications Earth anchors are typically used in civil engineering and construction projects, and have a variety of applications, including: * Retaining walls, as part of erosion control systems. * Structural support of temporary buildi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Redridge Steel Dam From Downstream
Redridge is a locality in the Bundaberg Region, Queensland, Australia. In the , Redridge had a population of 628 people. Geography The Gregory River forms the north-eastern boundary of the locality, while Stockyard Creek forms the southern and south-eastern boundaries. The Goodwood Road passes through the locality from the west (North Isis) to north-east ( Goodwood). A cane tramway enters the locality from the north-west ( Farnsfield) and extends towards the south-east of the locality and terminates there. It provides a means to transport harvested sugarcane to the Isis Central sugar mill. Although most of the land is used for a variety of crop growing (including sugarcane), there is some residential development in the south-west of the locality, mostly rural residential A hobby farm (also called a lifestyle block in New Zealand, or acreage living or rural residential in Australia) is a smallholding or small farm that is maintained without expectation of being a primary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steel
Steel is an alloy made up of iron with added carbon to improve its strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron. Many other elements may be present or added. Stainless steels that are corrosion- and oxidation-resistant typically need an additional 11% chromium. Because of its high tensile strength and low cost, steel is used in buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, trains, cars, machines, electrical appliances, weapons, and rockets. Iron is the base metal of steel. Depending on the temperature, it can take two crystalline forms (allotropic forms): body-centred cubic and face-centred cubic. The interaction of the allotropes of iron with the alloying elements, primarily carbon, gives steel and cast iron their range of unique properties. In pure iron, the crystal structure has relatively little resistance to the iron atoms slipping past one another, and so pure iron is quite ductile, or soft and easily formed. In steel, small amounts of carbon, other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
