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Personal Income Tax
In economics, personal income refers to the total earnings of an individual from various sources such as wages, investment ventures, and other sources of income. It encompasses all the products and money received by an individual. Personal income can be defined in different ways: * It refers to the income received by individuals or households in a country from all sources during a specific year. * It includes earned income or transferred income received by households within the country or even from outside sources. * It represents the total capital an individual receives from various sources over a certain period or throughout their life. Personal income encompasses various forms of income beyond just wages. It can include dividends, transfers, pension payments, government benefits, and rental income, among others. Taxes charged to an individual are typically not deducted when calculating personal income. Personal income serves as an indicator of the real well-being of people and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economics
Economics () is a behavioral science that studies the Production (economics), production, distribution (economics), distribution, and Consumption (economics), consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of Agent (economics), economic agents and how economy, economies work. Microeconomics analyses what is viewed as basic elements within economy, economies, including individual agents and market (economics), markets, their interactions, and the outcomes of interactions. Individual agents may include, for example, households, firms, buyers, and sellers. Macroeconomics analyses economies as systems where production, distribution, consumption, savings, and Expenditure, investment expenditure interact; and the factors of production affecting them, such as: Labour (human activity), labour, Capital (economics), capital, Land (economics), land, and Entrepreneurship, enterprise, inflation, economic growth, and public policies that impact gloss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OECD
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; , OCDE) is an international organization, intergovernmental organization with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and international trade, world trade. It is a forum (legal), forum whose member countries describe themselves as committed to democracy and the market economy, providing a platform to compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practices, and coordinate domestic and international policies of its members. The majority of OECD members are generally regarded as developed country, developed countries, with High-income economy, high-income economies, and a very high Human Development Index. their collective population is 1.38 billion people with an average life expectancy of 80 years and a median age of 40, against a global average of 30. , OECD Member countries collectively comprised 62.2% of list of countries by GDP (nominal), global nom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Employment Compensation
Remuneration is the pay or other financial compensation provided in exchange for an employee's ''services performed'' (not to be confused with giving (away), or donating, or the act of providing to). Remuneration is one component of reward management. In the UK, it can also refer to the automatic division of profits attributable to members in a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP). Types Remuneration can include: *Commission *Employee benefits *Employee stock ownership *Executive compensation **Deferred compensation *Salary ** Performance-linked incentives *Wage * Mandatory compensation payable by an employer to an employee for the benefit obtained from a patent for an invention made by an employee United States For wage withholding Tax withholding, also known as tax retention, pay-as-you-earn tax or tax deduction at source, is income tax paid to the government by the payer of the income rather than by the recipient of the income. The tax is thus withheld or deducted from the ... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Countries By GNI Per Capita Growth
This is a list of countries by gross national income (GNI) per capita growth. This list is not to be confused with GDP per capita growth, GNI per capita or GDP growth. List of countries and dependencies The rate of GNI per capita growth in annual percentage according to the World Bank for last available year is shown in below table. These values of GNI per capita growth are corrected for inflation, but not adjusted for purchasing power parity. Caveats The growth of per capita income can show high variance between years for some countries. Some countries might misreport their GNI per capita growth, which can be corrected in later revisions. See also * National average salary * Disposable household and per capita income * Median income * Net national income * Income distribution * List of countries by income equality This is a list of Country, countries and Dependent territory, territories by income inequality metrics, as calculated by the World Bank, UNU-WIDER, OCDE, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Countries By Average Wage
The average wage is a measure of total income after taxes divided by total number of employees employed. In this article, the average wage is adjusted for living expenses "purchasing power parity" (PPP). This is not to be confused with the average income which is a measure of total income including wage, investment benefit, and other capital gains divided by total number of people in the population including non-working residents. Average wages can differ from median wages; for example, the Social Security Administration estimated that the 2020 average wage in the United States was $53,383, while the 2020 median wage was $34,612. OECD statistics The OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) dataset contains data on average annual wages for full-time and full-year equivalent employees in the total economy. Average annual wages per full-time equivalent dependent employee are obtained by dividing the national-accounts-based total wage bill by the average number of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economic Reports
The following reports on economic indicators are reported by United States government agencies: *Business activity ** Wholesale Inventories ** Industrial Production (Federal Reserve) *** Capacity Utilization ** Regional Manufacturing Surveys (purchasing managers' organizations and Federal Reserve banks) *** Philadelphia Fed Index ( Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia) ** Construction Spending ( U.S. Census Bureau) *Business inventory ** Business Inventories ( U.S. Census Bureau) *International **International trade ( U.S. Census Bureau and the Bureau of Economic Analysis) *** Trade balance *** Export prices ** International Capital Flows ( U.S. Treasury Department) *** Treasury International Capital (TICs) *Sales ** Auto and Truck Sales ( U.S. Department of Commerce) *** Auto Sales *** Truck Sales ** Retail sales ( U.S. Census Bureau) *Orders ** Durable Goods Orders ( U.S. Census Bureau) ** Factory Orders ( U.S. Census Bureau) *Real estate ** Housing Starts and Building Per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Personal Income In The United States
Personal income is an individual's total earnings from wages, investment interest, and other sources. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported a median weekly personal income of $1,139 for full-time workers in the United States in Q1 2024. For the year 2022, the U.S. Census Bureau estimates that the median annual earnings for all workers (people aged 15 and over with earnings) was $47,960; and more specifically estimates that median annual earnings for those who worked full-time, year round, was $60,070. Income patterns are evident on the basis of age, sex, ethnicity and Educational attainment in the United States, educational characteristics. In 2005 roughly half of all those with graduate degrees were among the nation's top 15% of income earners. Among different demographics (gender, marital status, ethnicity) for those over the age of 18, median personal income ranged from $3,317 for an unemployed, married Asian American female to $55,935 for a full-time, year-round employe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Progressive Tax
A progressive tax is a tax in which the tax rate increases as the taxable amount increases. The term ''progressive'' refers to the way the tax rate progresses from low to high, with the result that a taxpayer's average tax rate is less than the person's marginal tax rate. The term can be applied to individual taxes or to a tax system as a whole. Progressive taxes are imposed in an attempt to reduce the tax incidence of people with a lower wikt:ability to pay, ability to pay, as such taxes shift the incidence increasingly to those with a higher ability-to-pay. The opposite of a progressive tax is a regressive tax, such as a sales tax, where the poor pay a larger proportion of their income compared to the rich (for example, spending on groceries and food staples varies little against income, so poor pay similar to rich even while latter has much higher income). The term is frequently applied in reference to personal income taxes, in which people with lower income pay a lower percen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wage
A wage is payment made by an employer to an employee for work (human activity), work done in a specific period of time. Some examples of wage payments include wiktionary:compensatory, compensatory payments such as ''minimum wage'', ''prevailing wage'', and ''yearly bonuses,'' and wiktionary:remunerative, remunerative payments such as ''prizes'' and ''tip payouts.'' Wages are part of the expenses that are involved in running a business. It is an obligation to the employee regardless of the profitability of the company. Payment by wage contrasts with salary, salaried work, in which the employer pays an arranged amount at steady intervals (such as a week or month) regardless of hours worked, with Commission (remuneration), commission which conditions pay on individual performance, and with compensation based on the performance of the company as a whole. Waged employees may also receive tips or gratuity paid directly by clients and employee benefits which are non-monetary forms of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theil Index
The Theil index is a statistic primarily used to measure economic inequality and other economic phenomena, though it has also been used to measure racial segregation. The Theil index ''T''T is the same as redundancy in information theory which is the maximum possible entropy of the data minus the observed entropy. It is a special case of the generalized entropy index. It can be viewed as a measure of redundancy, lack of diversity, isolation, segregation, inequality, non-randomness, and compressibility. It was proposed by a Dutch econometrician Henri Theil (1924–2000) at the Erasmus University Rotterdam. Henri Theil himself said (1967): "The (Theil) index can be interpreted as the expected information content of the indirect message which transforms the population shares as prior probabilities into the income shares as posterior probabilities." Amartya Sen noted, "But the fact remains that the Theil index is an arbitrary formula, and the average of the logarithms of the recip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atkinson Index
The Atkinson index (also known as the Atkinson measure or Atkinson inequality measure) is a measure of income inequality developed by British economist Anthony Barnes Atkinson. The measure is useful in determining which end of the distribution contributed most to the observed inequality. Definition The Atkinson index is defined as: :A_\varepsilon(y_1,\ldots,y_N)= \begin 1-\frac\left(\frac\sum_^y_^\right)^ & \mbox\ 0 \leq \varepsilon \neq 1 \\ 1-\frac\left(\prod_^y_\right)^ & \mbox\ \varepsilon=1 \\ 1-\frac\min \left(y_1,...,y_N\right) & \mbox\ \varepsilon=+\infty \end where y_ is individual income (''i'' = 1, 2, ..., ''N'') and \mu is the mean income. In other words, the Atkinson index is the complement to 1 of the ratio of the Hölder generalized mean of exponent 1−ε to the arithmetic mean of the incomes (where as usual the generalized mean of exponent 0 is interpreted as the geometric mean). Interpretation The index can be turned into a normative measure by imposing a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apartheid
Apartheid ( , especially South African English: , ; , ) was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. It was characterised by an authoritarian political culture based on ''baasskap'' ( 'boss-ship' or 'boss-hood'), which ensured that South Africa was dominated politically, socially, and economically by the nation's minority White South Africans, white population. Under this minoritarianism, minoritarian system, white citizens held the highest status, followed by Indian South Africans, Indians, Coloureds and Ethnic groups in South Africa#Black South Africans, black Africans, in that order. The economic legacy and social effects of apartheid continue to the present day, particularly Inequality in post-apartheid South Africa, inequality. Broadly speaking, apartheid was delineated into ''petty apartheid'', which entailed the segregation of public facilities and social ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
