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Monastic Education
The Buddhist monastic education system facilitates basic educational needs of the Asian Buddhist countries before the contemporary era. Learning traditions can be traced back to ancient India where learning began with educated monastics, teaching younger monks and the lay people. The monastic instruction was based on Buddhist value system and emphasized that learning was an end in itself, one that is "worth a strenuous pursuit to possess for its own sake" and that "teaching was for ends that were above mere gain". System The education system that emerged, particularly from 320 BCE to 500 CE, featured an open framework where learning was free for all including non-Buddhists. The monks used their temples to teach and since these were not enough to address the educational needs of the entire country, learning centers were also built in connection with the monasteries. There were also convents and monasteries offering opportunities for learning and self-culture that catered to women ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monastic Examinations
Monastic examinations comprise the annual examination system used in Myanmar (Burma) to rank and qualify members of the Buddhist sangha, or community of Buddhist monks. The institution of monastic examinations first began in 1648 during pre-colonial era, and the legacy continues today, with modern-day examinations largely conducted by the Ministry of Religious Affairs's Department of Religious Affairs. History The institution of monastic examinations date to the pre-colonial era. Burmese monarchs used these examinations to encourage the study of Pali, the liturgical language of Theravada Buddhism. Successful candidates were rewarded with royal recognition, titles and ranks, and monastic residences. The ''pathamabyan'' examinations began in 1648 during the rule of King Thalun of the Taungoo Dynasty. King Bodawpaya of the Konbaung Dynasty standardized the existing set of examinations, and introduced new ones related to the Vinaya. This system temporarily lapsed following the dem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhist
Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gradually spread throughout much of Asia via the Silk Road. It is the world's fourth-largest religion, with over 520 million followers (Buddhists) who comprise seven percent of the global population. The Buddha taught the Middle Way, a path of spiritual development that avoids both extreme asceticism and hedonism. It aims at liberation from clinging and craving to things which are impermanent (), incapable of satisfying ('), and without a lasting essence (), ending the cycle of death and rebirth (). A summary of this path is expressed in the Noble Eightfold Path, a training of the mind with observance of Buddhist ethics and meditation. Other widely observed practices include: monasticism; " taking refuge" in the Buddha, the , and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pali Canon
The Pāli Canon is the standard collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition, as preserved in the Pāli language. It is the most complete extant early Buddhist canon. It derives mainly from the Tamrashatiya school. During the First Buddhist Council, three months after the parinibbana of Gautama Buddha in Rajgir, Ananda recited the Sutta Pitaka, and Upali recited the Vinaya Pitaka. The Arhats present accepted the recitations and henceforth the teachings were preserved orally by the Sangha. The Tipitaka that was transmitted to Sri Lanka during the reign of King Asoka were initially preserved orally and were later written down on palm leaves during the Fourth Buddhist Council in 29 BCE, approximately 454 years after the death of Gautama Buddha. The claim that the texts were "spoken by the Buddha", is meant in this non-literal sense. The existence of the bhanaka tradition existing until later periods, along with other sources, shows that oral tradition conti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tipitakadhara Tipitakakovida Selection Examinations
The Tipiṭakadhara Tipiṭakakovida Selection Examinations ( my, တိပိဋကဓရ တိပိဋကကောဝိဒ ရွေးချယ်ရေး စာမေးပွဲ) are the highest-level monastic examinations held annually in Burma since 1948, organized by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. It tests the candidates' memory of Tripiṭaka (or "Three Baskets") both in oral (five levels) and in written components (five levels). The examinations require candidates to display their mastery of "doctrinal understanding, textual discrimination, taxonomic grouping and comparative philosophy of Buddhist doctrine." A Sayadaw who has passed all levels of the examinations is often referred as the ''Sutabuddha'' (). History In order to held Sixth Buddhist council at Burma in the Buddhist era 2500, the other Theravada five countries asked Burma whether there was the Tripiṭaka reciter in Burma. Therefore, the Burmese government held the Tipiṭakadhara Tipiṭakakovida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanam Luang Dhamma Studies
The Thai Sanam Luang Dhamma Studies Examination Board at Wat Bowonniwet Vihara The Sanam Luang National Dhamma Studies Examination Curriculum is a three tier system used throughout Thailand for training in theoretical knowledge about Buddhism. The curriculum is run in tandem with the nine-tiered ''Pahrian Thamm'' curriculum for Pali Studies. The curriculum offers two slightly different sets of examination papers #''Nak Thamm'' designed for the ordained Sangha i.e. Buddhist monks, novices and nuns) #''Thammaseuksa'' designed for lay Buddhists. Tuition for the ''Nak Thamm'' and ''Thammaseuksa'' curricula and the examinations themselves take place throughout Thailand annually. ''Thammaseuksa'' tuition and examinations are also held in some Thai temples outside Thailand. Origins The Dhamma Studies examination system was introduced by King Mongkut (Rama IV) during the time he was ordained as a monk Bhikkhu Vajirañāṇo before he succeeded to the throne with the objective that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pirivena
A pirivena (plural: piriven) is a monastic college for the education of monks in Sri Lanka. In ancient time, they were also centers of secondary and higher education for lay people. As of 2018, 753 piriven have been founded and maintained by the Ministry of Education. Young monks undergo training at these piriven prior to their ordination. History Ancient By 100 CE, a pirivena represented one of the highest levels of education in Sinhalese communities, and was the most common centralized educational institution on the island. Prior to this, an education was historically reserved for people attached to the religious establishment, and it would have then been the jobs of these people to traverse the villages and teach skills to the lay people, and therefore the vast majority of the island's people historically did not attend any formal educational institution. The Buddhist doctrine however prefers that lay people are also educated, and unlike the institutions in mainland India, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myanmar Monastic Schools
The Buddhist monastic school system in Myanmar is an old education system with a very long history, dated back to the 11th century King Anawrahta period. The schools provided important education needs throughout Myanmar's history and they were the only source of education for lives ranging from royal princes to unskilled workers. The Buddhist monastic schools helped to give Myanmar a rate of literacy considerably above those of other East Asian countries in the early 1900s. In 1931, 56% of males over the age of five and 16.5% of females were literate — approximately four times as high as those reported for India at the same time. Nowadays, the monastic schools assist in providing basic education needs of the country especially for children from needy families and orphans — filling the significant gap in the education system. The primary school children of Myanmar attend the Buddhist monasteries to acquire literacy and numeracy skills as well as knowledge of the Lord Buddha’s te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Champasak Sangha College
{{unreferenced, date=February 2017 Champaksak Sangha College or CSC (Lao: ວິທະຍາໄລົສົງຄ໌ຈຳປາສັກ) is the second Buddhist College in Laos. It is at Wat Luang Pakse, Pakse District, Champasak Province, Laos. The Champasak Sangha College currently offers only B.A Programs . There are three faculties which have organized into several academic units: Faculty of Buddhist studies, Buddhist Studies, Faculty of Lao, and Faculty of English. Education in Laos Educational organizations based in Laos Buddhist universities and colleges ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhist Institute (Cambodia)
The Buddhist Institute ( km, វិទ្យាស្ថានពុទ្ធសាសនបណ្ឌិត្យ) is the principal Buddhist institution of the government of Cambodia. The current director is Nguon Van Chanthy. Its primary facilities are located in Phnom Penh. History It was founded on May 12, 1930 by King Sisowath Monivong of Cambodia, King Sisavong Vong of Laos, the Governor General of Indochina Pierre Pasquier and head of the École française d'Extrême-Orient, George Coedes. Organization *Administrative Department * Tripitaka Commission *Mores and Customs Commission *Library *Bookstore See also * Pāli Canon (Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka & Abhidhamma Pitaka) * Early Buddhist Texts * Pali literature & Palm-leaf manuscript * List of Pali Canon anthologies * Theravada Buddhism * International Theravada Buddhist Missionary University * State Pariyatti Sasana University, Yangon * State Pariyatti Sasana University, Mandalay * Dhammaduta Chekinda University * B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Sāsana Azani Recipients
The Burmese government recognizes Buddhist monks who have successfully passed the Tipitakadhara Tipitakakovida Selection Examinations as "Sāsana Azani" (သာသနာ့အာဇာနည်), from Pali (). Since the examination's initial inception in 1948, only 15 monks have been recognized as "Sāsana Azani" as of 2020. Sasana Azani monks are bestowed the following titles: Tipiṭakadhara (Bearer of the "Spoken Tipitaka") and Tipiṭakakovida (Bearer of the "Written Tipitaka"). As of 2020, monks recognized as "Sāsana Azani" include: See also * Agga Maha Pandita * Burmese Buddhist titles * Monastic examinations * Monastic schools in Myanmar * Pāli Canon * Pariyatti * Thathanabaing of Burma * Tipitakadhara Tipitakakovida Selection Examinations The Tipiṭakadhara Tipiṭakakovida Selection Examinations ( my, တိပိဋကဓရ တိပိဋကကောဝိဒ ရွေးချယ်ရေး စာမေးပွဲ) are the highest-level monastic examinati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pariyatti
''Pariyatti'' is a Pāli term referring to the study of Buddhism as contained within the ''suttas'' of the Pāli canon. It is related and contrasted with ''patipatti'' which means to put the theory into practice and ''pativedha'' which means penetrating it or rather experientially realising the truth of it. According to U Ba Khin, Pariyatti is the teaching of the Buddha, the arahats (fully awakened beings) and the ariyas (persons who have tasted Nibbana), who have really and in detail understood the Four Noble Truths In Buddhism, the Four Noble Truths (Sanskrit: ; pi, cattāri ariyasaccāni; "The four Arya satyas") are "the truths of the Noble Ones", the truths or realities for the "spiritually worthy ones".[aFour Noble Truths: BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY Encycl ... and teach what they themselves know to be true, what they have seen to be true and real from their own experience. At times, when it is not possible to find noble people such as a Buddha, arahats or ariyas to revere an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laos
Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist state and the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. Present-day Laos traces its historic and cultural identity to Lan Xang, which existed from the 14th century to the 18th century as one of the largest kingdoms in Southeast Asia. Because of its central geographical location in Southeast Asia, the kingdom became a hub for overland trade and became wealthy economically and culturally. After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang broke into three separate kingdoms: Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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