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Isoastilbin
Astilbin is a flavanonol, a type of flavonoid. Astilbin is the (2R-trans)-isomer; neoisoastilbin is the (2S-cis)-isomer and isoastilbin is the (2R-cis)-isomer. Natural occurrences Astilbin can be found in St John's wort (''Hypericum perforatum'', Clusiaceae, subfamily Hypericoideae, formerly often considered a full family Hypericaceae), in '' Dimorphandra mollis'' (Fava d'anta, Fabaceae), in the leaves of ''Harungana madagascariensis'' (Hypericaceae), [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smilax Glabra
''Smilax glabra'', sarsaparilla, is a plant species in the genus ''Smilax''. It is native to flora of China, China, the Himalayas, and Indochina. ''S. glabra'' is a traditional Chinese medicine, traditional medicine in Chinese herbology, whence it is also known as tufuling () or chinaroot, china-root, and china root (a name it shares with the related ''Smilax china, S. china''). Chinaroot is a key ingredient in the Chinese medical Chinese desserts, dessert ''guīlínggāo, guilinggao'', which uses its ability to set certain kinds of Gelatin, jelly. Chemical composition Dihydro-flavonol glycosides (astilbin, neoastilbin, isoastilbin, neoisoastilbin, (2''R'', 3''R'')-taxifolin-3'-O-beta-D-pyranoglucoside) have been identified in the rhizome of ''Smilax glabra'' as well as smitilbin, a flavanonol rhamnoside. Smiglabrone A and Smiglabrone B are phenylpropanoid-substituted Catechin, epicatechins that have also been isolated from the root. Sarsasapogenin, a steroidal sapogenin, can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flavanonol
The flavanonols (with two "o"s a.k.a. 3-hydroxyflavanone or 2,3-dihydroflavonol) are a class of flavonoids that use the 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-2-phenylchromen-4-one (IUPAC name) backbone. Some examples include: * Taxifolin (or Dihydroquercetin) * Aromadedrin (or Dihydrokaempferol) * Engeletin (or Dihydrokaempferol-3-rhamnoside) Metabolism * Flavanone 3-dioxygenase * Flavonol synthase * Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase Glycosides Glycosides ( chrysandroside A and chrysandroside B) can be found in the roots of ''Gordonia chrysandra''. Xeractinol, a dihydroflavonol C-glucoside, can be isolated from the leaves of ''Paepalanthus argenteus var. argenteus''. Dihydro-flavonol glycosides ( astilbin, neoastilbin, isoastilbin, neoisoastilbin, (2''R'', 3''R'')-taxifolin-3'-''O''-β-D-pyranoglucoside) have been identified in the rhizome of ''Smilax glabra ''Smilax glabra'', sarsaparilla, is a plant species in the genus ''Smilax''. It is native to flora of China, China, the Himalayas, and In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxifolin
Taxifolin (5,7,3',4'-flavan-on-ol), also known as dihydroquercetin, belongs to the subclass flavanonols in the flavonoids, which in turn is a class of polyphenols. Stereocenters Taxifolin has two stereocenters on the C-ring, as opposed to quercetin which has none. For example, (+)-taxifolin has (2R,3R)-configuration, making it 1 out of 4 stereoisomers that comprise 2 pairs of enantiomers. Natural occurrences Taxifolin is found in non-glutinous rice boiled with adzuki bean (adzuki-meshi). It can be found in conifers like the Siberian larch, ''Larix sibirica'', in Russia, in ''Pinus roxburghii'', in ''Cedrus deodara'' and in the Chinese yew, '' Taxus chinensis var. mairei''. It is also found in the silymarin extract from the milk thistle seeds. Taxifolin is present in vinegars aged in cherry wood. Taxifolin, and flavonoids in general, can be found in many beverages and products. Specifically, taxifolin is found in plant-based foods like fruit, vegetables, wine, tea, and coco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhamnoside
Rhamnose (Rha, Rham) is a naturally occurring deoxy sugar. It can be classified as either a methyl-pentose or a 6-deoxy-hexose. Rhamnose predominantly occurs in nature in its L-form as L-rhamnose (6-deoxy-L-mannose). This is unusual, since most of the naturally occurring sugars are in D-form. Exceptions are the methyl pentoses L-fucose and L-rhamnose and the pentose L-arabinose. However, examples of naturally-occurring D-rhamnose include some species of bacteria, such as ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'' and ''Helicobacter pylori''. Rhamnose can be isolated from Buckthorn (''Rhamnus''), poison sumac, and plants in the genus ''Uncaria''. Rhamnose is also produced by microalgae belonging to class Bacillariophyceae (diatoms). Rhamnose is commonly bound to other sugars in nature. It is a common glycone component of glycosides from many plants. Rhamnose is also a component of the outer cell membrane of acid-fast bacteria in the ''Mycobacterium'' genus, which includes the organism that caus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypericum Perforatum
''Hypericum perforatum'', known as St. John's wort, is a flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae and the type species of the genus ''Hypericum''. Possibly a hybrid between '' H. maculatum'' and '' H. attenuatum'', the species can be found across temperate areas of Eurasia and has been introduced as an invasive weed to much of North and South America, as well as South Africa and Australia. While the species is harmful to livestock and can interfere with prescription drugs, it has been used in folk medicine over centuries, and remains commercially cultivated in the 21st century. Hyperforin, a phytochemical constituent of the species, is under basic research for possible therapeutic properties. Description ''Hypericum perforatum'' is an herbaceous perennial plant with extensive, creeping rhizomes. Its reddish stems are erect and branched in the upper section, and can grow up to high. The stems are woody near their base and may appear jointed from leaf scars. The branche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimorphandra Mollis
''Dimorphandra mollis'', the Fava d'anta, is a tree species in the genus of '' Dimorphandra''. It is a plant of the Cerrado vegetation of Brazil. The seeds are known to be toxic to cattle. Fava d'anta contains astilbin, rutin and quercetin Quercetin is a plant flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols. It is found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, seeds, and grains; capers, red onions, and kale are common foods containing appreciable amounts of it. It has a bitter flavor .... References Caesalpinioideae {{Caesalpinioideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harungana Madagascariensis
''Harungana madagascariensis'' is a flowering plant found in Madagascar that is commonly known as the dragon's blood tree, orange-milk tree or haronga. Description The haronga is a small, bushy tree that usually ranges from 4 m to 7 m in height, but sometimes it can grow up to 25 meters. The branches stem out from a cylindrical trunk. Its crown appears to be golden-green color. Bole is always angular and forked. Bark appears to be maroon-colored and it is vertically fissured. The scales are vertically arranged and can be flaked off easily. The tree can be immediately identified by its almost fluorescent orange latex from strips that were peeled off from the stem. The orange latex discharges when leaves are snapped off or branches are broken. Majority of tree surface is covered with stellate hairs. When damaged, the bark exudes orange latex Its leaves are opposite, simple and ovate. leaf blades 6-20 by 3–10 cm. leaves appear to be glossy. Leaf blade underside i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astilbe Thunbergii
''Astilbe thunbergii'' is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Astilbe'', native to Japan. Its hybrid cultivar 'Straussenfeder' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established annual award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions. History The Award of Garden Merit .... Varieties The following varieties are currently accepted: *''Astilbe thunbergii'' var. ''thunbergii'' *''Astilbe thunbergii'' var. ''kiusiana'' (H.Hara) H.Hara ex H.Ohba References thunbergii Endemic flora of Japan Plants described in 1867 {{Saxifragaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astilbe Odontophylla
''Astilbe'' is a genus of 18 species of rhizomatous flowering plants within the family Saxifragaceae, native to mountain ravines and woodlands in Asia and North America. Some species are known by the common names false goat's beard and false spirea. These hardy herbaceous perennials are cultivated by gardeners for their large, handsome, often fern-like foliage and dense, feathery plumes of flowers. They are widely adapted to shade and water-logged conditions, hence they are particularly associated with pond-side planting. They also tolerate clay soils well. Numerous hybrid cultivars have been raised. Flowers of at least some ''Astilbe'' species have a strong and pleasant aroma. Some species, including ''Astilbe rivularis'', are used in traditional medicine. Species Species of ''Astilbe'' include: *''Astilbe biternata'' (Vent.) Britton ex Kearney – Appalachian false goat's beard *''Astilbe chinensis'' (Maxim.) Franch. & Sav. *''Astilbe crispa'' (Arends) Bergmans *''Astilbe gl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hymenaea Martiana
''Hymenaea martiana'' is a tree species in the genus ''Hymenaea ''Hymenaea'' is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae. Of the fourteen living species in the genus, all but one are native to the tropics of the Americas, with one additional species (''Hymenaea verrucosa'') on the east coast of Afr ...'' found in Brazil (Alagoas, Bahia, Ceara, Goias, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco) and Paraguay. Chemicals The three rhamnosides eucryphin, astilbin and engelitin can be isolated from the bark of ''H. martiana''. References * martiana Trees of Brazil Trees of Paraguay {{Detarioideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kohki Tea
Kohki tea (黄杞茶) or ''Huang Qi Tea'' is a Chinese/Japanese herbal drink very high in antioxidant activity. Kohki tea has been sold over the counter for centuries and is standardized to contain astilbin and taxifolin Taxifolin (5,7,3',4'-flavan-on-ol), also known as dihydroquercetin, belongs to the subclass flavanonols in the flavonoids, which in turn is a class of polyphenols. Stereocenters Taxifolin has two stereocenters on the C-ring, as opposed to quer .... Astilbin can be isolated from Kohki tea processed from '' Engelhardtia chrysolepis'' (huang-qi). References Japanese tea {{nonalcoholic-drink-stub ja:黄杞茶 zh:黄杞茶 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engelhardtia Chrysolepis
''Engelhardia roxburghiana'' is a tree in the family Juglandaceae. It is named for the Scottish botanist William Roxburgh. Description ''Engelhardia roxburghiana'' grows as a tree measuring up to tall with a trunk diameter of up to . The bark is fawn-coloured to dark brown to black. The inflorescences consist of eight to ten male catkins. The winged fruits measure up to wide. Distribution and habitat ''Engelhardia roxburghiana'' grows naturally from India to Indochina and in Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. Its habitat is mixed tropical forest Tropical forests (a.k.a. jungle) are forested landscapes in tropical regions: ''i.e.'' land areas approximately bounded by the tropic of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as prevailing winds. Some tropical fore ... from sea-level to altitude. References roxburghiana Flora of tropical Asia {{Fagales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
