The flavanonols (with two "o"s a.k.a. 3-hydroxyflavanone or 2,3-dihydroflavonol) are a class of

flavonoid Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word ''flavus'', meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans. Chemically, flavonoids ...

s that use the 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-2-phenylchromen-4-one (IUPAC name) backbone. Some examples include: *

Taxifolin Taxifolin (5,7,3',4'-flavan-on-ol), also known as dihydroquercetin, belongs to the subclass flavanonols in the flavonoids, which in turn is a class of polyphenols. Stereocenters Taxifolin has two stereocenters on the C-ring, as opposed to quer ...

(or Dihydroquercetin) *

Aromadedrin Aromadendrin (aromodendrin or dihydrokaempferol) is a flavanonol, a type of flavonoid. It can be found in the wood of ''Pinus sibirica''. Metabolism The enzyme dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase uses ''cis''-3,4-leucopelargonidin and NADP+ to pro ...

(or Dihydrokaempferol) * Engeletin (or Dihydrokaempferol-3-rhamnoside)

Metabolism

Flavanone 3-dioxygenase In enzymology, a flavanone 3-dioxygenase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :a flavanone + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 \rightleftharpoons a dihydroflavonol + succinate + CO2 The 3 substrates of this enzyme are flavanone, 2-oxoglutar ...

Flavonol synthase In enzymology, a flavonol synthase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the following chemical reaction : dihydroflavonol + 2-oxoglutarate + \rightleftharpoons a flavonol + succinate + C + H2O The 3 substrates of this enzyme are dihydroflavonol, ...

Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase In enzymology, a dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction :cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+ \rightleftharpoons (+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are cis-3,4 ...

Glycosides

Glycosides ( chrysandroside A and chrysandroside B) can be found in the roots of ''

Gordonia chrysandra Gordonia may refer to: Biology * ''Gordonia'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants native to Southeast Asia and the Americas * ''Gordonia'' (bacterium), a genus of bacteria * ''Gordonia'' (synapsid), an extinct animal from the Permian Other uses * ...

''.

Xeractinol Xeractinol is a flavanonol The flavanonols (with two "o"s a.k.a. 3-hydroxyflavanone or 2,3-dihydroflavonol) are a class of flavonoids that use the 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-2-phenylchromen-4-one (IUPAC name) backbone. Some examples include: * Taxifo ...

, a dihydroflavonol C-glucoside, can be isolated from the leaves of ''

Paepalanthus argenteus ''Paepalanthus bromelioides'' is a species in the flowering plant family Eriocaulaceae. This family is placed in the Poales, close to the Bromeliaceae, whose morphology this genus shares. ''Paepalanthus bromelioides'' is native to Cerrado, t ...

var. argenteus''. Dihydro-flavonol glycosides ( astilbin,

neoastilbin Astilbin is a flavanonol, a type of flavonoid. Astilbin is the (2R-trans)-isomer; neoisoastilbin is the (2S-cis)-isomer and isoastilbin is the (2R-cis)-isomer. Natural occurrences Astilbin can be found in St John's wort (''Hypericum perforatum'' ...

isoastilbin Astilbin is a flavanonol, a type of flavonoid. Astilbin is the (2R-trans)-isomer; neoisoastilbin is the (2S-cis)-isomer and isoastilbin is the (2R-cis)-isomer. Natural occurrences Astilbin can be found in St John's wort (''Hypericum perforatum'' ...

neoisoastilbin Astilbin is a flavanonol, a type of flavonoid. Astilbin is the (2R-trans)-isomer; neoisoastilbin is the (2S-cis)-isomer and isoastilbin is the (2R-cis)-isomer. Natural occurrences Astilbin can be found in St John's wort (''Hypericum perforatum' ...

, (2''R'', 3''R'')-

taxifolin Taxifolin (5,7,3',4'-flavan-on-ol), also known as dihydroquercetin, belongs to the subclass flavanonols in the flavonoids, which in turn is a class of polyphenols. Stereocenters Taxifolin has two stereocenters on the C-ring, as opposed to quer ...

-3'-''O''-β-D-pyranoglucoside) have been identified in the rhizome of ''

Smilax glabra ''Smilax glabra'', sarsaparilla, is a plant species in the genus ''Smilax''. It is native to flora of China, China, the Himalayas, and Indochina. ''S. glabra'' is a traditional Chinese medicine, traditional medicine in Chinese herbology, whence ...

''.

References

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