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Fotoform
Fotoform was an avant-garde photography group founded in 1949 by six young German photographers, Siegfried Lauterwasser, Peter Keetman, Wolfgang Reisewitz, Toni Schneiders, Otto Steinert and Ludwig Windstoßer. Emergence After WW2, the photographers of the 1920s and 1930s were inactive or at the end of their careers but for a few, including Carl Strüwe, Heinz Hajek- Halke, Martha Hoepffner, Herbert List, and Adolf Lazi who organised the first comprehensive post-war exhibit, ''Die Photographie 1948'', held in a still partially destroyed public building in Stuttgart. He gave classes which enabled a group of young photographers to learn and exchange ideas. Peter Keetman, Ludwig Windstosser, Wolfgang Reisewitz and Siegfried Lauterwasser had exhibited in the show, and in 1949 were joined by Toni Schneiders and Otto Steinert and together they established the fotoform group. A shared and passionate interest in a new and unconventional photography suited to their time, required no w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinz Hajek-Halke
Heinz Hajek-Halke (1898–1983) was a German experimental photographer and educator who co-founded the Fotoform group with Otto Steinert. Life and work Heinz Hajek-Halke, born in Berlin, Germany in 1898, the son of Paul Halke. He spent part of his childhood in Argentina. He started to study graphics in Berlin in 1915, served as a soldier in 1916 in World War I, and then continued his studies after that. Heinz Hajek-Halke worked as a Picture editor, photo editor, press photographer, and commercial artist, concentrating almost from the start on montage techniques. In the 1930s with the rise of the Nazis he lived quietly and photographed small animal life-forms. In 1937, Hajek-Halke travelled to Brazil where he produced, a documentary about a snake farm. He returned to Germany, in 1939. During World War II, he was conscripted by the German army and worked as an aerial and company photographer for the Dornier Flugzeugwerke, Dornier aircraft company on Lake Constance. After the w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siegfried Lauterwasser
Siegfried Lauterwasser (16 April 1913 – 7 September 2000) was a German photographer. He was one of the most important representatives of ''subjective photography'' and a member of the group ''fotoform'', which was influential in the post-war period. He continued the photographic tradition of his father Alexander Lauterwasser (1878-1933) and his grandfather Alexander Lauterwasser (1846-1923). Life Lauterwasser was born in Überlingen. After an apprenticeship as a photographer in his native town with his father Alexander Lauterwasser (1928/1929), he attended the Höhere Berufsschule für Grafik und gestaltendes Gewerbe in Frankfurt from 1929 to 1931. In 1933, he took over his father's photo studio, and in 1937 he passed the master craftsman's examination. During the Second World War, Lauterwasser was a photojournalist for the Wehrmacht Propaganda Troops. His main focus seems to have been photographs with the Luftwaffe and on the Eastern Front, much of it in colour photography. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Steinert
Otto Steinert (12 July 1915 – 3 March 1978) was a German photographer. Life and work Born in Saarbrücken, Germany, Steinert was a medical doctor by profession and was self-taught in photography. After World War II, he initially worked for the State School for Art and Craft (''Staatliche Schule für Kunst und Handwerk'', today HTW) in Saarbrücken. He was the founder of the Fotoform photography group. From 1959, he taught at the Folkwang Hochschule design school in Essen, where he later died. His archive is part of the photographic collection of the Museum Folkwang, Essen. Exhibitions *Museum Folkwang, Essen, Germany, 2015/2016 Publications *''Parisian Forms.'' Göttingen, Germany: Steidl, 2008. Edited by Ute Eskildsen. . Published in conjunction with an exhibition at Museum Folkwang, Essen. Collections Steinert's work is held in the following public collections: *Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York: 2 prints (as of November 2019) *Museum of Modern Art, New York: 3 pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christer Strömholm
Christer Strömholm (July 22, 1918 – January 11, 2002), also known by the pseudonym Christer Christian, was a Swedish photographer and educator. He is known for his intimate black and white street photography portrait series, particularly his portraits of transgender women in Paris. Strömholm received the 1997 Hasselblad Award. Life and career Strömholm was born in Vaxholm, Sweden, to Lizzie Strömholm and Fredrik Strömholm, an army officer. His childhood was marked by family instability. The family moved frequently, and in 1924 his parents divorced, but remarried shortly thereafter. In 1934, Strömholm's father committed suicide. Beginning in 1933, Strömholm was active in the Nazi Nordic Youth movement, modelled after Hitler Youth. He led one of its cells during this time, and in 1936 hoisted a flag of a swastika on the People's House in Stockholm. Over the course of his young adulthood, however, his political perspective changed; he joined the Swedish Volunteer Corps at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bauhaus
The Staatliches Bauhaus (), commonly known as the Bauhaus (), was a German art school operational from 1919 to 1933 that combined crafts and the fine arts.Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 4th edn., 2009), , pp. 64–66 The school became famous for its approach to design, which attempted to unify individual artistic vision with the principles of mass production and emphasis on function. The Bauhaus was founded by architect Walter Gropius in Weimar. It was grounded in the idea of creating a Gesamtkunstwerk ("comprehensive artwork") in which all the arts would eventually be brought together. The Bauhaus style later became one of the most influential currents in modern design, modernist architecture, and architectural education. The Bauhaus movement had a profound influence upon subsequent developments in art, architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and typography. Staff at the Bauhaus included prominent artists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Artist Groups And Collectives
German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Germanic peoples (Roman times) * German language **any of the Germanic languages * German cuisine, traditional foods of Germany People * German (given name) * German (surname) * Germán, a Spanish name Places * German (parish), Isle of Man * German, Albania, or Gërmej * German, Bulgaria * German, Iran * German, North Macedonia * German, New York, U.S. * Agios Germanos, Greece Other uses * German (mythology), a South Slavic mythological being * Germans (band), a Canadian rock band * "German" (song), a 2019 song by No Money Enterprise * ''The German'', a 2008 short film * "The Germans", an episode of ''Fawlty Towers'' * ''The German'', a nickname for Congolese rebel André Kisase Ngandu See also * Germanic (disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gottfried Jäger
Gottfried Jäger (born 13 May 1937 in Magdeburg) is a German photographer, photo-theorist and former university teacher. Biography Gottfried Jäger, son of photographer Ernst Jäger (1913-1998), learned the craft of photography in the years 1954 to 1958 with the master photographer Siegfried Baumann in Bielefeld, receiving his apprenticeship qualification in 1957. He then studied technical photography at the Staatliche Höhere Fachschule für Photographie in Cologne, graduating in 1960 from the master craftsman exam. There he discovered a work by the early pioneer of computer art, Herbert W. Franke's 1957 ''Kunst und Konstruktion.'' Its subtitle, ''Physik und Mathematik als fotografisches Experiment'' (Physics and Mathematics as a Photographic Experiment) became Jäger's credo, an approach that he maintained throughout his career. In 1960, Jäger accepted a position as a technical teacher of photography at the Werkkunstschule Bielefeld and established the medium as a basic discip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luminogram
A luminogram is an image, usually made with an artistic purpose, created by exposure of photosensitive materials to light without the intervention of an object, (The term has also been used for two unrelated photographic techniques: as a synonym for ''arteriogram'' in angiography, for measuring coronary atherosclerosis; and as a term of the hand-writing expert W. R. Mansfield for an early means of reproducing images of normally invisible fluorescence phenomena.) Technique The luminogram is a variation on the photogram, made in the darkroom directly on photosensitive paper and chemically developed and fixed normally. While the photogram employs the shadows of objects, in the luminogram the light is modulated by varying the intensity through distance from the photosensitive surface, by the power or shape of the light source, or tempered by filters or gels, or by moving the light, often a low-powered torch (flashlight). The paper can itself be shaped to create the desired effe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solarisation
The Sabatier effect, also known as pseudo-solarization (or pseudo-solarisation) and erroneously referred to as the Sabattier effect, is a phenomenon in photography in which the image recorded on a negative or on a photographic print is wholly or partially reversed in tone. Dark areas appear light or light areas appear dark. Solarization and pseudo-solarization are quite distinct effects. Over time, the "pseudo" has been dropped in many photographic darkroom circles and discussions, but the effect that is meant is the Sabattier effect and not the solarization by extreme overexposure (see below). Background Initially, the term "solarization" was used to describe the effect observed in cases of extreme overexposure of the photographic film or plate in the camera. The effect generated in the dark room was then called ''pseudo-solarization''. Spencer defines the Sabattier effect as: "Partial image reversal produced by brief exposure to white light of a partly developed silver halid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photomontage
Photomontage is the process and the result of making a composite photograph by cutting, gluing, rearranging and overlapping two or more photographs into a new image. Sometimes the resulting composite image is photographed so that the final image may appear as a seamless physical print. A similar method, although one that does not use film, is realized today through image-editing software. This latter technique is referred to by professionals as "compositing", and in casual usage is often called "photoshopping" (from the name of the popular software system). A composite of related photographs to extend a view of a single scene or subject would not be labeled as a montage, but instead a stitched image or a digital image mosaic. History Author Oliver Grau in his book, ''Virtual Art: From Illusion to Immersion'', notes that the creation of an artificial immersive virtual reality, arising as a result of technical exploitation of new inventions, is a long-standing human practice throu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Formalism (art)
In art history, formalism is the study of art by analyzing and comparing form and style. Its discussion also includes the way objects are made and their purely visual or material aspects. In painting, formalism emphasizes compositional elements such as color, line, shape, texture, and other perceptual aspects rather than content, meaning, or the historical and social context. At its extreme, formalism in art history posits that everything necessary to comprehending a work of art is contained within the work of art. The context of the work, including the reason for its creation, the historical background, and the life of the artist, that is, its conceptual aspect is considered to be external to the artistic medium itself, and therefore of secondary importance. History The historical origin of the modern form of the question of aesthetic formalism is usually dated to Immanuel Kant and the writing of his third Critique where Kant states: "Every form of the objects of sense is either ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
