Esca (grape Disease)

	Esca (grape Disease) Esca is a grape disease of mature grapevines. It is a type of grapevine trunk disease. The fungi '' Phaeoacremonium aleophilum'', '' Phaeomoniella chlamydospora'' and ''Fomitiporia mediterranea'' are associated with the disease. See also * List of grape diseases This is a list of diseases of grapes (''Vitis'' spp.). Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Miscellaneous diseases and disorders Nematodes, parasitic Phytoplasma, virus and viruslike diseases See also '' Ampeloglypter ater'' '' Am ... References {{reflist Grapevine trunk diseases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Vitis Vinifera ''Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine, is a species of flowering plant, native to the Mediterranean region, Central Europe, and southwestern Asia, from Morocco and Portugal north to southern Germany and east to northern Iran. There are currently between 5,000 and 10,000 varieties of ''Vitis vinifera'' grapes though only a few are of commercial significance for wine and table grape production. The wild grape is often classified as ''Vitis vinifera'' ''sylvestris'' (in some classifications considered ''Vitis sylvestris''), with ''Vitis vinifera'' ''vinifera'' restricted to cultivated forms. Domesticated vines have hermaphrodite flowers, but ''sylvestris'' is dioecious (male and female flowers on separate plants) and pollination is required for fruit to develop. Grapes can be eaten fresh or dried to produce raisins, sultanas, and currants. Grape leaves are used in the cuisine of many cultures. The fresh grapes can also be processed into juice that is fermented to make wine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Phaeoacremonium Aleophilum ''Phaeoacremonium aleophilum'' is a fungus species in the genus ''Phaeoacremonium''. It is associated with ''Phaeomoniella chlamydospora'' in esca (grape disease), esca in mature grapevines and decline in young vines (Petri disease), two types of grapevine trunk disease. ''Togninia minima'' is the teleomorph (the sexual reproductive stage) of ''P. aleophilum''. References External links mycobank.org Grapevine trunk diseases Diaporthales Fungi described in 1996 {{ascomycota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Phaeomoniella Chlamydospora ''Phaeomoniella chlamydospora'' is a fungus species of mitosporic ascomycota in the genus ''Phaeomoniella''. ''Phaeomoniella chlamydospora'' and ''Phaeoacremonium aleophilum'' are associated with esca (grape disease), esca in mature grapevines, decline in young vines (Petri disease) and black goo decline, three types of grapevine trunk disease. References Diaporthales Fungi described in 1996 Grapevine trunk diseases {{Eurotiomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Grapevine Trunk Disease Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) are the most destructive diseases of vineyards worldwide. Fungicides (such as sodium arsenite or 8-hydroxyquinoline, used to fight esca) with the potential to control GTD have been banned in Europe and there are no highly effective treatments available. Action to develop new strategies to fight these diseases are needed. The following fungal species are responsible for grapevine trunk diseases: * ''Botryosphaeria dothidea'' and other ''Botryosphaeria'' species, such as '' B. obtusa'', '' B. parva'' and '' B. australis'',Botryosphaeria spp. as grapevine trunk disease pathogens. Niekerk, J.M, P.H. Fourie, F. Halleen and P.W. Crous, Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 2006, volume 45, pages 43-54 * ''Cylindrocarpon'' spp., ''Ilyonectria'' spp., ''Dactylonectria'' spp. and ''Campylocarpon'' spp.Occurrence of grapevine trunk disease pathogens in rootstock mother plants in South Africa. P. H. Fourie and F. Halleen, Australasian Plant Pathology, June 2004, Volume 3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Fomitiporia Mediterranea ''Fomitiporia mediterranea'' is a fungus species in the genus '' Fomitiporia'' associated with esca of grapevine.A new wood-decaying basidiomycete species associated with esca of grapevine. : Fomitiporia mediterranea (Hymenochaetales). Michael Fischer, Mycological Progress, 2002, Volume 1, Issue 3, pages 315-324, References External links * * Hymenochaetaceae Fungi described in 2002 Grapevine trunk diseases {{Agaricomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	List Of Grape Diseases This is a list of diseases of grapes (''Vitis'' spp.). Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Miscellaneous diseases and disorders Nematodes, parasitic Phytoplasma, virus and viruslike diseases See also '' Ampeloglypter ater'' '' Ampeloglypter sesostris'' '' Ampelomyia viticola'' ''Eupoecilia ambiguella'' Great French Wine Blight Japanese beetle * List of Lepidoptera that feed on grapevines ''Maconellicoccus hirsutus'' '' Otiorhynchus cribricollis'' ''Paralobesia viteana'' '' Pseudococcus maritimus'' '' Pseudococcus viburni'' ''Zenophassus'' References External links Diseases of Grapevines information from Cooperative Extension Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society* ttp://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160523145652/http://winegrapes.wsu.edu/virology/ virus diseases of the grapevine {{Viticulture * Grape A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus '' Vitis''. Grapes are a non- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]