Chromadorids

	Chromadorids The Chromadorea are a class of the roundworm phylum, Nematoda. They contain a single subclass (Chromadoria) and several orders. With such a redundant arrangement, the Chromadoria are liable to be divided if the orders are found to form several clades, or abandoned if they are found to constitute a single radiation. Formerly, they were treated as a subclass in the paraphyletic "Adenophorea" assemblage, which has been mostly abandoned by modern authors. It is also suspected that the Chromadorea may not be monophyletic as delimited here; at least the Monhysterida seem to be a distinct and far more ancient lineage than the rest. Members of this class' bodies usually have annules, their amphids elaborate and spiral, and they all have three esophageal glands. They usually live in marine sediments, although they can live elsewhere. They have a more sophisticated pharynx than most roundworms. Members of this class can be identified by the presence of eight conserved signature indels (C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Anisakid ''Anisakis'' (a·nuh·saa·keez) is a genus of parasitic nematodes that have life cycles involving fish and marine mammals. They are infective to humans and cause anisakiasis. People who produce immunoglobulin E in response to this parasite may subsequently have an allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis, after eating fish infected with ''Anisakis'' species. Etymology The genus ''Anisakis'' was defined in 1845 by Félix Dujardin as a subgenus of the genus ''Ascaris'' Linnaeus, 1758. Dujardin did not make explicit the etymology, but stated that the subgenus included the species in which the males have unequal spicules ("''mâles ayant des spicules inégaux''"); thus, the name ''Anisakis'' is based on ''anis-'' (Greek prefix for different) and ''akis'' (Greek for spine or spicule). Two species were included in the new subgenus, ''Ascaris'' (''Anisakis'') ''distans'' Rudolphi, 1809 and ''Ascaris'' (''Anisakis'') simplex Rudolphi, 1809. Life cycle ''Anisakis'' species have compl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	TRNA (guanine9-N1)-methyltransferase TRNA (guanine9-N1)-methyltransferase (, ''Trm10p'', ''tRNA(m1G9/m1A9)-methyltransferase'', ''tRNA(m1G9/m1A9)MTase'', ''tRNA (guanine-N(1)-)-methyltransferase'', ''tRNA m1G9-methyltransferase'', ''tRNA m1G9 MTase'') is an enzyme with systematic name ''S-adenosyl-L-methionine:tRNA (guanine9-N1)-methyltransferase''. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction : S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine9 in tRNA \rightleftharpoons S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N1-methylguanine9 in tRNA The enzyme from ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' () (brewer's yeast or baker's yeast) is a species of yeast (single-celled fungus microorganisms). The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is believed to have been o ...'' specifically methylates guanine9. References External links * {{Portal bar, Biology, border=no EC 2.1.1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Tree Of Life Web Project The Tree of Life Web Project is an Internet project providing information about the diversity and phylogeny of life on Earth. This collaborative peer reviewed project began in 1995, and is written by biologists from around the world. The site has not been updated since 2011, however the pages are still accessible. The pages are linked hierarchically, in the form of the branching evolutionary tree of life, organized cladistically. Each page contains information about one particular group of organisms and is organized according to a branched tree-like form, thus showing hypothetical relationships between different groups of organisms. In 2009 the project ran into funding problems from the University of Arizona. Pages and Treehouses submitted took a considerably longer time to be approved as they were being reviewed by a small group of volunteers, and apparently, around 2011, all activities ended. History The idea of this project started in the late 1980s. David Maddison was wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Benthimermithida Benthimermithida is an order of nematodes belonging to the class Chromadorea The Chromadorea are a class of the roundworm phylum, Nematoda. They contain a single subclass (Chromadoria) and several orders. With such a redundant arrangement, the Chromadoria are liable to be divided if the orders are found to form several .... Families: * Benthimermithidae Petter, 1980 References Nematodes {{Nematode-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Rhabditida Rhabditida is an order of free-living, zooparasitic, and phytoparasitic microbivorous nematodes living in soil. The Cephalobidae, Panagrolaimidae, Steinernematidae, and Strongyloididae seem to be closer to the Tylenchia, regardless of whether these are merged with the Rhabditia or not.Tree of Life Web Project (2002b)Nematoda Version of 2002-JAN-01. Retrieved 2008-NOV-02. Families Rhabditida * Myolaimina ''Incertae sedis'' * Myolaimoidea ***Myolaimidae Rhabditina Bunonematomorpha * Bunonematoidea **Bunonematidae Diplogasteromorpha * Cylindrocorporoidea Cylindrocorporidae * Diplogasteroidea ** Cephalobiidae Diplogasteridae Diplogasteroididae Rhabditomorpha * Mesorhabditoidea Peloderidae * Rhabditoidea ***Rhabditidae Spirurina Ascaridomorpha * Ascaridoidea ** Acanthocheilidae Anisakidae Ascarididae Heterocheilidae Raphidascarididae * Cosmocercoidea **Atractidae Kathlaniidae * Seuratoidea ** Cuc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Desmoscolecida Desmoscolecida is an order of marine nematodes. In a worm of this order, the body tapers towards each end and is marked by a number of well-defined ridges. Their number varies in the different species. The head bears four movable setae, and some of the ridges bear a pair either dorsally or ventrally. Two pigment spots between the fourth and fifth ridges are regarded as eyes. The Desmoscolecida move by looping their bodies like geometrid caterpillars or leeches, as well as by creeping on their setae. The mouth is terminal, and leads into a muscular oesophagus which opens into a straight intestine terminating in an anus, which is said to be dorsal in position. The sexes are distinct. The testis is single, and its duct opens into the intestine and is provided with two chitinous spicules. The ovary is also single, opening independently and anterior to the anus. The nervous system is as yet unknown. Genera include '' Desmoscolex'', '' Greeffiella'', and '' Tricoma''. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Desmodorida Desmodorida is an order of nematodes belonging to the class Adenophorea. Families: * Ceramonematidae * Choniolaimidae * Chromadoridae * Comesomatidae * Cyatholaimidae * Desmodoridae * Draconematidae * Epsilonematidae * Etmolaimidae * Microlaimidae * Monoposthiidae * Richtersiidae * Selachinematidae Selachinematidae is a family of nematodes belonging to the order Desmodorida Desmodorida is an order of nematodes The nematodes ( or grc-gre, Νηματώδη; la, Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemat ... * Spiriniidae * Xennellidae References {{Taxonbar, from=Q4037243 Nematodes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Chromadorida Chromadorida is an order of nematodes belonging to the class Chromadorea. Families: * Achromadoridae Gerlach & Riemann, 1973 * Chromadoridae Filipjev, 1917 * Cyatholaimidae Filipjev, 1918 * Ethmolaimidae Lorenzen, 1981 * Neotonchidae Neotonchidae is a family of nematodes belonging to the order Chromadorida. Genera: * ''Comesa The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) is a regional economic community in Africa with twenty-one member states stretching from ... Lorenzen, 1981 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q10451613 Nematodes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Ascaridida The order Ascaridida includes several families of parasitic roundworms with three "lips" on the anterior end. They were formerly placed in the subclass Rhabditia by some, but morphological and DNA sequence data rather unequivocally assign them to the Spiruria. The Oxyurida and Rhigonematida are occasionally placed in the Ascaridida as superfamily Oxyuroidea, but while they seem indeed to be Spiruria, they are not as close to ''Ascaris'' as such a treatment would place them.Tree of Life Web Project (ToL) (2002)Nematoda Version of 2002-JAN-01. Retrieved 2008-NOV-02. These "worms" contain a number of important parasites of humans and domestic animals. Important families include: * The Anisakidae are also called the "marine mammal ascarids". The larvae of these worms cause anisakiasis when ingested by humans in raw or insufficiently cooked fish, but do not reproduce in humans. * The Ascarididae include the giant intestinal roundworms (''Ascaris'' spp.). * The Cosmocercidae include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Conserved Signature Indels Conserved signature inserts and deletions (CSIs) in protein sequences provide an important category of molecular markers for understanding phylogenetic relationships. CSIs, brought about by rare genetic changes, provide useful phylogenetic markers that are generally of defined size and they are flanked on both sides by conserved regions to ensure their reliability. While indels can be arbitrary inserts or deletions, CSIs are defined as only those protein indels that are present within conserved regions of the protein. The CSIs that are restricted to a particular clade or group of species, generally provide good phylogenetic markers of common evolutionary descent. Due to the rarity and highly specific nature of such changes, it is less likely that they could arise independently by either convergent or parallel evolution (i.e. homoplasy) and therefore are likely to represent synapomorphy. Other confounding factors such as differences in evolutionary rates at different sites or among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]