Carabid
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Carabid
Ground beetles are a large, cosmopolitan family of beetles, the Carabidae, with more than 40,000 species worldwide, around 2,000 of which are found in North America and 2,700 in Europe. As of 2015, it is one of the 10 most species-rich animal families. They belong to the Adephaga. Members of the family are primarily carnivorous, but some members are phytophagous or omnivorous. Description and ecology Although their body shapes and coloring vary somewhat, most are shiny black or metallic and have ridged wing covers (elytra). The elytra are fused in some species, particularly the large Carabinae, rendering the beetles unable to fly. The species '' Mormolyce phyllodes'' is known as violin beetle due to their peculiarly shaped elytra. All carabids except the quite primitive flanged bombardier beetles (Paussinae) have a groove on their fore leg tibiae bearing a comb of hairs used for cleaning their antennae. Defensive secretions Typical for the ancient beetle suborder Adephaga ...
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Harpalinae
Harpalinae is a huge subfamily of ground beetles that contains 20,000 species or ~6,400 spp. in 24 tribes worldwide, according to others. A rarely used common name for the subfamily is the harp beetles. The Harpalinae contain the most apomorphic ground beetles, displaying a wide range of forms and behaviors. Some are, rare among ground beetles, omnivores or even herbivores. Many closely related subfamilies have been treated as subordinate taxa of the Harpalinae by various authors. Among these are the Dryptinae, Lebiinae (including Cyclosominae, Mormolycinae, Odacanthinae, Perigoninae), Licininae (including Chlaeniinae, Oodinae), Orthogoniinae, Panagaeinae, Platyninae, Pseudomorphinae, Pterostichinae (including Zabrinae). Here, they are considered independent families within the harpaline (''sensu lato'') assemblage, and this is also tentatively assumed for the enigmatic monotypic genus ''Ginema''. Systematics At least 4 large and several smaller supertribes can be dist ...
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Brachininae
Brachininae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Carabidae. Taxonomy The subfamily contains two tribes and 14 genera. * Tribe Brachinini Bonelli, 1810 ** '' Aptinoderus'' Hubenthal, 1919 ** ''Aptinus'' Bonelli, 1810 ** '' Brachinulus'' Basilewsky, 1958 ** '' Brachinus'' Weber, 1801 ** '' Mastax'' Fischer von Waldheim, 1828 ** ''Pheropsophus'' Solier, 1833 ** ''Styphlodromus'' Basilewsky, 1959 ** '' Styphlomerus'' Chaudoir, 1875 * Tribe Crepidogastrini Jeannel, 1949 ** ''Brachynillus'' Reitter, 1904 ** ''Crepidogaster'' Boheman, 1848 ** ''Crepidogastrillus'' Basilewsky, 1959 ** ''Crepidogastrinus'' Basilewsky, 1957 ** ''Crepidolomus'' Basilewsky, 1959 ** ''Crepidonellus ''Crepidonellus'' is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae Ground beetles are a large, cosmopolitan family of beetles, the Carabidae, with more than 40,000 species worldwide, around 2,000 of which are found in North America and 2,700 in E ...'' Basilewsky, 1959 References Carabidae subfamili ...
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Pterostichinae
Pterostichinae is a subfamily of ground beetles (family Carabidae). It belongs to the advanced harpaline assemblage, and if these are circumscribed ''sensu lato'' as a single subfamily, Pterostichinae are downranked to a tribe Pterostichini. However, as the former Pterostichitae supertribe of the Harpalinae as loosely circumscribed does seem to constitute a lineage rather distinct from '' Harpalus'', its core group is here considered to be the present subfamily and the Harpalinae are defined more narrowly. They are usually mid-sized and rather stout ground beetles. Coloration is typically dark and without conspicuous patterns, but often with a strong sheen like polished metal. They are widely distributed and inhabit a wide range of terrestrial habitats. Unlike the more basal ground beetles which only eat small animals, the Pterostichinae include a large proportion of omnivorous or even herbivorous taxa. Systematics This group includes the following tribes and genera: Tribe A ...
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Loricerinae
Loricerinae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Carabidae Ground beetles are a large, cosmopolitan family of beetles, the Carabidae, with more than 40,000 species worldwide, around 2,000 of which are found in North America and 2,700 in Europe. As of 2015, it is one of the 10 most species-rich animal fami .... It contains the single genus ''Loricera'' with the following species: * '' Loricera aptera'' Ball & Erwin, 1969 * '' Loricera balli'' Sciaky & Facchini, 1999 * '' Loricera barbarae'' Sciaky & Facchini, 1999 * '' Loricera decempunctata'' Eschscholtz, 1833 * '' Loricera foveata'' Leconte, 1851 * '' Loricera kryzhanowskiji'' Sciaky & Facchini, 1999 * '' Loricera mirabilis'' Jedlicka, 1932 * '' Loricera obsoleta'' Semenov, 1889 * '' Loricera ovipennis'' Semenov, 1889 * '' Loricera pilicornis'' Fabricius, 1775 * '' Loricera rotundicollis'' Chaudoir, 1863 * '' Loricera stevensi'' Andrewes, 1920 * '' Loricera wollastonii'' Javet, 1852 References Carabidae subfamili ...
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Psydrinae
Psydrinae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Carabidae. Genera The subfamily contains the following genera: * '' Amblytelus'' Erichson, 1842 * '' Bembidiomorphum'' Champion, 1918 * '' Celanida'' Castelnau, 1867 * '' Dystrichothorax'' Blackburn, 1892 * ''Epelyx'' Blackburn, 1892 * ''Gehringia'' Darlington, 1933 * ''Helenaea'' Schatzmayr & Koch, 1934 * '' Laccocenus'' Sloane, 1890 * ''Mecyclothorax'' Sharp, 1903 * '' Melisodera'' Westwood, 1835 * '' Meonis'' Castelnau, 1867 * '' Meonochilus'' Liebherr & Marris, 2009 * '' Molopsida'' White, 1846 * '' Moriodema'' Castelnau, 1867 * '' Moriomorpha'' Castelnau, 1867 * ''Neonomius'' Moore, 1963 * '' Nomius'' Laporte, 1835 * '' Paratrichothorax'' Baehr, 2004 * '' Pseudamblytelus'' Baehr, 2004 * ''Psydrus'' LeConte, 1846 * ''Pterogmus'' Sloane, 1920 * ''Raphetis'' Moore, 1963 * ''Rhaebolestes'' Sloane, 1903 * ''Rossjoycea'' Liebherr, 2011 * ''Selenochilus'' Chaudoir, 1878 * ''Sitaphe'' Moore, 1963 * ''Teraphis'' Castelnau, 1867 * ...
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Pseudomorphinae
Pseudomorphinae is a subfamily of ground beetles (family Carabidae). Occasionally it was treated as a tribe Pseudomorphini of subfamily Harpalinae, particularly when this was circumscribed loosely. It contains the following genera: * ''Adelotopus'' Hope, 1834 * ''Cainogenion'' Notman, 1925 * ''Cryptocephalomorpha'' Ritsema, 1875 * '' Guyanemorpha'' Terry L. Erwin, 2013 * ''Paussotropus'' Waterhouse, 1877 * ''Protoscalidion'' Schaufuss, 1888 * ''Pseudomorpha'' Kirby, 1825 * ''Sphallomorpha ''Sphallomorpha'' is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae Ground beetles are a large, cosmopolitan family of beetles, the Carabidae, with more than 40,000 species worldwide, around 2,000 of which are found in North America and 2,700 in E ...'' Westwood, 1837 References Carabidae subfamilies {{Carabidae-stub ...
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Protorabinae
Protorabinae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Carabidae. It contains 31 species in 10 genera: * Genus '' Aethocarabus'' Ren, 1995 ** '' Athocarabus levigata'' Ren, 1995 * Genus '' Cordorabus'' Ponomarenko, 1977 ** '' Cordorabus antennatus'' Ponomarenko, 1977 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Callovian/ Oxfordian ** '' Cordorabus minimus'' Ponomarenko, 1977 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Callovian/Oxfordian ** '' Cordorabus notatus'' Ponomarenko, 1977 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Callovian/Oxfordian ** '' Cordorabus striatus'' Ponomarenko, 1986 Gurvan-Eren Formation, Mongolia, Aptian ** '' Cordorabus vittatus'' Ponomarenko, 1980 Mogotuin Formation, Mongolia, Aptian * Genus '' Cretorabus'' Ponomarenko, 1977 ** '' Cretorabus capitatus'' Ponomarenko, 1977 Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian ** '' Cretorabus latus'' Ponomarenko, 1977 Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian ** '' Cretorabus orientalis'' Ponomarenko, 1989 Tsagaantsav Formation, Mongolia, Valanginian ** '' Cretorabus ...
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Promecognathinae
Promecognathinae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Carabidae Ground beetles are a large, cosmopolitan family of beetles, the Carabidae, with more than 40,000 species worldwide, around 2,000 of which are found in North America and 2,700 in Europe. As of 2015, it is one of the 10 most species-rich animal fami .... It contains 10 species in 7 genera: * Tribe Dalyatini Mateu, 2002 ** Genus '' Dalyat'' Mateu, 2002 *** '' Dalyat mirabilis'' Mateu, 2002 * Tribe Palaeoaxinidiini McKay, 1991 ** Genus '' Palaeoaxinidium'' McKay, 1991 *** '' Palaeoaxinidium orapense'' McKay, 1991 * Tribe Promecognathini LeConte, 1853 ** Genus '' Axinidium'' Sturm, 1843 *** '' Axinidium africanum'' Sturm, 1843 *** '' Axinidium angulatum'' Basilewsky, 1963 ** Genus '' Holaxinidium'' Basilewsky, 1963 *** '' Holaxinidium fitsimonsi'' Basilewsky, 1963 ** Genus '' Metaxinidium'' Basilewsky, 1963 *** '' Metaxinidium leleupi'' Basilewsky, 1963 *** '' Metaxinidium nanum'' Basilewsky, 1963 ** Genus '' Parax ...
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Panagaeinae
Panagaeinae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Carabidae Ground beetles are a large, cosmopolitan family of beetles, the Carabidae, with more than 40,000 species worldwide, around 2,000 of which are found in North America and 2,700 in Europe. As of 2015, it is one of the 10 most species-rich animal fami ..., containing the following genera: * '' Agonica'' Sloane, 1920 * '' Ardistomopsis'' Straneo & Ball, 1989 * '' Bascanus'' Peringuey, 1896 * '' Brachygnathus'' Perty, 1830 * '' Calathocosmus'' Van Emden, 1928 * '' Cintaroa'' Kasahara, 1989 * '' Coptia'' Brulle, 1835 * '' Craspedophorus'' Hope, 1838 * '' Dischissus'' Bates, 1873 * '' Disphericus'' Waterhouse, 1841 * '' Dyschiridium'' Chaudoir, 1861 * '' Epigraphodes'' Basilewsky, 1967 * '' Epigraphus'' Chaudoir, 1869 * '' Eripus'' Dejean, 1829 * '' Euschizomerus'' Chaudoir, 1850 * '' Geobius'' Dejean, 1831 * '' Micrixys'' Leconte, 1854 * '' Microcosmodes'' Strand, 1936 * '' Panagaeus'' Latreille, 1802 * '' ...
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Orthogoniinae
Orthogoniinae is a subfamily of ground beetles (family Carabidae). Occasionally it was treated as a tribe Orthogoniini of subfamily Harpalinae Harpalinae is a huge subfamily of ground beetles that contains 20,000 species or ~6,400 spp. in 24 tribes worldwide, according to others. A rarely used common name for the subfamily is the harp beetles. The Harpalinae contain the most apomorphic ..., particularly when this was circumscribed loosely. It contains the following genera: * '' Actenoncus'' Chaudoir, 1871 * '' Amorphomerus'' Sloane, 1923 * '' Anoncopeucus'' Chaudoir, 1871 * '' Glyptus'' Brulle, 1835 * '' Hexachaetus'' Chaudoir, 1871 * '' Idiomorphus'' Chaudoir, 1846 * '' Neoglyptus'' Basilewsky, 1953 * '' Neoorthogonius'' Tian & Deuve, 2006 * '' Nepalorthogonius'' Habu, 1979 * '' Orthogonius'' Macleay, 1825 * '' Perochnoristhus'' Basilewsky, 1973 * '' Rathymus'' Dejean, 1831 * '' Strigia'' Brulle, 1834 References Beetle subfamilies {{Orthogoniinae-stub ...
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Nototylinae
Nototylinae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Carabidae Ground beetles are a large, cosmopolitan family of beetles, the Carabidae, with more than 40,000 species worldwide, around 2,000 of which are found in North America and 2,700 in Europe. As of 2015, it is one of the 10 most species-rich animal fami .... It contains the single genus ''Nototylus'' with two species, '' Nototylus fryi'' and '' Nototylus balli'' which was described in 2020. The first described species ''fryi'' was represented by a single specimen from Espiritu Santo where the forests were converted for plantations of sugarcane or cacao, and for cattle rearing. The species is considered likely extinct. References Monotypic insect taxa Carabidae subfamilies {{Carabidae-stub ...
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Nebriinae
Nebriinae is a subfamily of beetles in the family Carabidae, containing the following genera: * '' Archaeocindis'' Kavanaugh & Erwin, 1991 * ''Archastes'' Jedlicka, 1935 * '' Archileistobrius'' Shilenkov & Kryzhanovskij, 1983 * '' Cicindis'' Bruch, 1908 *†'' Ledouxnebria'' Deuve, 1998 * '' Leistus'' Frolich, 1799 * ''Nebria'' Latreille, 1802 * '' Notiokasis'' Kavanaugh & Negre, 1982 * ''Notiophilus ''Notiophilus'' is a genus of ground beetle native to the Palearctic, the Nearctic, the Near East and North Africa. It contains the following 57 species: *'' Notiophilus aeneus'' (Herbst, 1806) *'' Notiophilus aestuans'' Dejean, 1826 *'' Notioph ...'' Dumeril, 1806 * '' Opisthius'' Kirby, 1837 * '' Paropisthius'' Casey, 1920 * '' Pelophila'' Dejean, 1826 References Carabidae subfamilies {{Nebriinae-stub ...
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