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Ashoka
Ashoka, also known as Asoka or Aśoka ( ; , ; – 232 BCE), and popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was Emperor of Magadha from c. 268 BCE until his death in c. 232 BCE, and the third ruler from the Mauryan dynasty. His empire covered a large part of the Indian subcontinent, stretching from present-day Afghanistan in the west to present-day Bangladesh in the east, with its capital at Pataliputra. A patron of Buddhism, he is credited with playing an important role in the spread of Buddhism across ancient Asia. Ashoka's edicts state that during his eighth regnal year (), he conquered Kalinga after a brutal war. Ashoka subsequently devoted himself to the propagation of " dhamma" or righteous conduct, the major theme of the edicts. Ashoka's edicts suggest that a few years after the Kalinga War, he was gradually drawn towards Buddhism. The Buddhist legends credit Ashoka with establishing a large number of stupas, patronising the Third Buddhist council, supporting Buddh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chakravarti (Sanskrit Term)
A ''chakravarti'' ( sa, चक्रवर्तिन्, ''cakravartin''; pi, cakkavatti; zh, 轉輪王, ''Zhuǎnlúnwáng'', "Wheel-Turning King"; , ''Zhuǎnlún Shèngwáng'', "Wheel-Turning Sacred King"; ja, 転輪王, ''Tenrin'ō'' or , ''Tenrinjōō'') is an ideal (or idealized) universal ruler, in the history, religion, and mythologies of India. The concept is present in the cultural traditions of Vedic, Hindu, Jain and Buddhist narrative myths and lore. There are three types of chakravarti: ''chakravala chakravarti'', a king who rules over all four of the continents (i.e., a universal monarch); ''dvipa chakravarti'', a ruler who governs only one of those continents; and ''pradesha chakravarti'', a monarch who leads the people of only a part of a continent, the equivalent of a local king. Dvipa chakravarti is particularly one who rules the entire Indian subcontinent (as in the case of the Maurya Empire, despite not conquering the southern kingdoms). The first ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahinda (Buddhist Monk)
Arahat Mahinda ( si, මිහිඳු මහරහතන් වහන්සේ) was a Buddhist monk depicted in Buddhist sources as bringing Buddhism to Sri Lanka. He was the first-born son and Prince of the 3rd Mauryan Emperor Ashoka The Great from his wife Devi and the elder brother of Princess Sanghamitra. Mahinda was sent as a Buddhist missionary to the Anuradhapura Kingdom in Sri Lanka. Mahinda attained the title of an arhat and resided at Mihintale. He played an important role in proliferating Buddhism throughout the Indian subcontinent. Historical sources The Dipavansa and the Mahavansa, Sri Lanka's two great religious chronicles, contain accounts of Mahinda travelling to Sri Lanka and converting King Devanampiyatissa. These are the primary sources for accounts of his life and deeds. Inscriptions and literary references also establish that Buddhism became prevalent in Sri Lanka around the 3rd century BCE, the period when Mahinda lived. The inscription in Raj ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susima
Susima (also Sushima) was the Crown prince of the Maurya Empire of ancient India and the eldest son and heir-apparent of the second Mauryan emperor Bindusara. He was next in line for his father's throne, but was killed by his younger half-brother, Ashoka The Great for the throne, who eventually succeeded Bindusara as the third Mauryan emperor. Birth and family Susima was the eldest son of the second mauryan emperor Bindusara. Not only was Susima the crown prince, but also his mother was a princess as opposed to Ashoka's mother, Subhadrangi, who was a commoner. Cultural depictions * Ajith Kumar portrayed Sushim in the 2001 Bollywood film ''Aśoka''. * Ankit Arora Ankit Arora is an Indian television actor. He is best known for playing Lakshman Lakshmana ( sa, लक्ष्मण, lit=the fortunate one, translit=Lakṣmaṇa), also spelled as Laxmana, is the younger brother of Rama and his loyalist ... portrayed the role of Sushim in the historical drama series Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuvaraja
Yuv(a)raj(a) (Sanskrit: युवराज) is an Indian title for the crown prince, and the heir apparent to the throne of an Indian (notably Hindu) kingdom or (notably in the Mughal Empire or British Raj) princely state. It is usually applied to the eldest son of a Raja (King) or Maharaja (Great King), a kshatriya chief ruling one of the former kingdoms or vassal-rank princely states. Individuals * Yuvraj Singh (politician), was an Indian Politician and a MLA from Hamirpur constituency from Uttar Pradesh. * Yuvaraj Dhayalan, Tamil film assistant director * Yuvraj Hans, a Punjabi actor and singer * Yuvraj Singh, an Indian cricketer * Yuvraj Walmiki, an Indian professional field hockey player *Yuvraj Khanal, a professional student Other uses * ''Yuvvraaj'', a Bollywood movie by Subhash Ghai featuring Salman Khan Abdul Rashid Salim Salman Khan (; 27 December 1965) is an Indian actor, film producer, and television personality who works in Hindi films. In a film career spa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Fibiger Bang
Peter Fibiger Bang (born 25 June 1973) is a Danish historian of Rome, empire, cross-cultural comparison and world history. Bang's main research interests are Roman economic history and imperial power, historical sociology and world history, as well as the reception of Classical culture in later ages. Life Born in Horsens, Denmark, in 1973, Bang studied History, Latin and Greek at the University of Aarhus from 1992 to 1999. In 1997, he was a visitor at the University of Leicester, where he studied Roman Archaeology. In 1999, he moved to Corpus Christi College, University of Cambridge, to work on his PhD in the Faculty of Classics. During the autumn of 2001, he was a visitor at the University of Chicago. In 2002, Bang was appointed assistant professor in the department of history at the University of Copenhagen before defending his PhD in Cambridge in the summer of 2003. In 2005, he was made associate professor in Copenhagen and during the same year he initiated and was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dharma
Dharma (; sa, धर्म, dharma, ; pi, dhamma, italic=yes) is a key concept with multiple meanings in Indian religions, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism and others. Although there is no direct single-word translation for ''dharma'' in European languages, it is commonly translated as "righteousness", "merit" or "religious and moral duties" governing individual conduct.Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. (9 April 2019)Dharma. ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Accessed 14 September 2021. In Hinduism, dharma is one of the four components of the ''Puruṣārtha'', the aims of life, and signifies behaviours that are considered to be in accord with '' Ṛta'', the order that makes life and universe possible. It includes duties, rights, laws, conduct, virtues and "right way of living".see: *"Dharma", ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', 6th Ed. (2013), Columbia University Press, Gale, ; *Steven Rosen (2006), Essential Hinduism, Praeger, , Chapter 3. It had a transtempor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French School Of The Far East
The French School of the Far East (french: École française d'Extrême-Orient, ), abbreviated EFEO, is an associated college of PSL University dedicated to the study of Asian societies. It was founded in 1900 with headquarters in Hanoi in what was then French Indochina. After the independence of Vietnam, its headquarters were transferred to Phnom Penh in 1957 and subsequently to Paris in 1975. Its main fields of research are archaeology, philology and the study of modern Asian societies. Since 1907, the EFEO has been in charge of conservation work at the archeological site of Angkor. EFEO romanization system A romanization system for Mandarin was developed by the EFEO. It shares a few similarities with Wade-Giles and Hanyu Pinyin. In modern times, it has been superseded by Hanyu Pinyin. The differences between the three romanization systems are shown in the following table: Directors *1900: Louis Finot *1905: Alfred Foucher *1908: Claude-Eugène Maitre *1920: Lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhism
Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gradually spread throughout much of Asia via the Silk Road. It is the world's fourth-largest religion, with over 520 million followers (Buddhists) who comprise seven percent of the global population. The Buddha taught the Middle Way, a path of spiritual development that avoids both extreme asceticism and hedonism. It aims at liberation from clinging and craving to things which are impermanent (), incapable of satisfying ('), and without a lasting essence (), ending the cycle of death and rebirth (). A summary of this path is expressed in the Noble Eightfold Path, a training of the mind with observance of Buddhist ethics and meditation. Other widely observed practices include: monasticism; " taking refuge" in the Buddha, the , and the ; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mother Of Ashoka
The information about Mother of Ashoka The Great (c. 3rd century BCE), the 3rd Mauryan emperor of ancient India, varies between different sources. Ashoka's own inscriptions and the main texts that provide information about his life (such as ''Ashokavadana'' and '' Mahavamsa'') do not name his mother. The ''Asokavadanamala'' names her Subhadrangi, while ''Vamsatthapakasini'' calls her Dharma (Pali: Dhamma). Different texts variously describe her as a Brahmin or a Kshatriya. Names Ashoka's own inscriptions do not mention his parents. The various Buddhist texts provide different names or epithets for Ashoka's mother: * Subhadrangi, in ''Asokavadanamala'', a text composed sometime after mid-11th century; not to be confused with ''Ashokavadana'' within ''Divyavadana'' * Dharma (Pali: Dhamma), in ''Vamsatthapakasini'' or ''Mahavamsa-tika'', a 10th-century commentary on ''Mahavamsa'' * Janapada-kalyani, in a ''Divyavadana'' legend; according to scholar Ananda W. P. Guruge, this is n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bindusara Maurya
Bindusara (), also Amitraghāta or Amitrakhāda (Sanskrit: अमित्रघात, "slayer of enemies" or "devourer of enemies") or Amitrochates (Greek: Ἀμιτροχάτης) (Strabo calls him Allitrochades (Ἀλλιτροχάδης)) was the second Mauryan emperor of India. He was the son of the dynasty's founder Chandragupta and the father of its most famous ruler Ashoka. Bindusara's life is not documented as well as the lives of these two emperors: much of the information about him comes from legendary accounts written several hundred years after his death. Bindusara consolidated the empire created by his father. The 16th century Tibetan Buddhist author Taranatha credits his administration with extensive territorial conquests in southern India, but some historians doubt the historical authenticity of this claim. Background Ancient and medieval sources have not documented Bindusara's life in detail. Much of the information about him comes from Jain legends focu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tivala
Tivala (born 3rd-century BC), also referred to as Tivara, was a son of Maurya Emperor Ashoka Ashoka (, ; also ''Asoka''; 304 – 232 BCE), popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was the third emperor of the Maurya Empire of Indian subcontinent during to 232 BCE. His empire covered a large part of the Indian subcontinent, s ... from his second queen, Karuvaki. He is the only son of Ashoka who is mentioned by name in his inscriptions, along with his mother, in the Queen Edict. Tivala is the only son of Ashoka whose existence is attested by historical evidence and who was a possible successor to his father. However, it seems that Tivala may have predeceased Ashoka and thus could not succeed him as Emperor. Tivala is also considered to have been a favourite child of his aging father. References {{Reflist Mauryan dynasty 3rd-century BC people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charumati
Charumati Maurya (Brahmi: 𑀘𑀸 𑀭𑀼𑀼 𑀫𑀓𑀻), sometimes given as Charumitra, was a Princess and daughter of Indian emperor Ashoka The Great through a concubine and the adopted daughter of his wife, Queen Asandhimitra. She was trained in nursing by her. She was married to a Nepalese prince Devapala Kshatriya in Kathmandu. She is credited to have founded the monastery of Chabahil (called Charumati Vihara), which is one of the oldest Buddhist monastery of Nepal. She is believed to have taken care of her father in his last years of life and accompanied him through his Buddhist pilgrimage along with Upagupta. While scripture had described her and emperor Ashoka visiting Nepal, no archaeological evidences were present till 2003. In 2003, while restoring Dhando chaitya, archaeologists discovered a brick bearing inscriptions with her name. The upper face is inscribed with ''Cha Ru Wa Ti'' in Brahmi, and with ''Cha Ru Wa Ti Dhande / He Tu Pra Bha'' in Bhujimol script ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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