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Zincate Ion
In chemistry the term zincate may refer to several substances containing the element zinc: * usually the anion ZnO22−, more properly called tetrahydroxozincate or salts thereof, such as sodium zincate . * the polymeric anion n(OH)3−and its salts, for example NaZn(OH)3· H2O. * an oxide containing zinc and a less electronegative element e.g. Na2ZnO2. In the health supplement industry zincate may also mean a commercially available zinc supplement, typically formulated as zinc sulfate. Solutions prepared from dissolving zinc hydroxide or zinc oxide in a strong alkali like sodium hydroxide, which contains various zincate anions, are used in the metal plating industry, in processes such as immersion zinc plating and electroplating (electrogalvanization). Any of these techniques may be called zincate process. Inorganic compound nomenclature In the naming of inorganic compounds, "-zincate" is a suffix that indicates that a polyatomic anion contains a central zinc atom. Examples ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. Zinc is a slightly brittle metal at room temperature and has a shiny-greyish appearance when oxidation is removed. It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodic table. In some respects, zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: both elements exhibit only one normal oxidation state (+2), and the Zn2+ and Mg2+ ions are of similar size.The elements are from different metal groups. See periodic table. Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in Earth's crust and has five stable isotopes. The most common zinc ore is sphalerite (zinc blende), a zinc sulfide mineral. The largest workable lodes are in Australia, Asia, and the United States. Zinc is refined by froth flotation of the ore, roasting, and final extraction using electricity ( electrowinning). Zinc is an essential trace element for humans, animals, plants and for microorganisms and is necessary for prenatal and postnatal development. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Immersion Zinc Plating
Immersion zinc plating is an electroless (non-electrolytic) coating process that deposits a thin layer of zinc on a less electronegative metal, by immersion in a solution containing a zinc or zincate ions, . A typical use is plating aluminum with zinc prior to electrolytic or electroless nickel plating. Immersion zinc plating involves the displacement of zinc from zincate by the underlying metal: :3 + 2 Al → 3 Zn + 2 + 4 OH− See also * Electrogalvanization (electrolytic zinc coating) * Immersion gold plating * Immersion copper plating * Immersion silver plating Immersion silver plating (or IAg plating) is a surface plating process that creates a thin layer of silver over copper objects. It consists in dipping the object briefly into a solution containing silver ions. Immersion silver plating is used by ... References Glenn O. Mallory, Juan B. Hajdu (1990), Electroless Plating: Fundamentals and Applications, American Electroplaters and Surface Finishers Society, , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zinc Compounds
Zinc compounds are chemical compounds containing the element zinc which is a member of the group 12 of the periodic table. The oxidation state of zinc in most compounds is the group oxidation state of +2. Zinc may be classified as a post-transition main group element with zinc(II). Zinc compounds are noteworthy for their nondescript behavior, they are generally colorless (unlike other elements with the oxidation number +2, which are usually white), do not readily engage in redox reactions, and generally adopt symmetrical structures. General characteristics In its compounds, Zn2+ ions have an electronic configuration r3d10. As such, Zn2+ tends to have a symmetrical coordination geometry in both its complexes and compounds. In both ZnO and ZnS, (zincblende) zinc is bound tetrahedrally bound to four ligands (oxide and sulfide, respectively). Many complexes, such as ZnCl42−, are tetrahedral. Tetrahedrally coordinated zinc is found in metallo-enzymes such as carbonic anhydras ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeitschrift Für Anorganische Und Allgemeine Chemie
The ''Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie'' (''Journal of Inorganic and General Chemistry'') is a semimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering inorganic chemistry, published by Wiley-VCH. The editors-in-chief are Thomas F. Fässler, Christian Limberg, Guodong Qian, and David Scheschkewitz. Originally the journal was published in German, but nowadays it is completely in English. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in the following databases: According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a scientometric index calculated by Clarivate that reflects the yearly mean number of citations of articles published in the last two years in a given journal, as i ... of 1.414, ranking it 40th out of 46 journals in the category "Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear". References External links * Chemistry journals Wiley-VCH aca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ate Complex
In chemistry, an ate complex is a salt formed by the reaction of a Lewis acid with a Lewis base whereby the central atom (from the Lewis acid) increases its valence and gains a negative formal charge. (In this definition, the meaning of valence is equivalent to coordination number). Often in chemical nomenclature the term ''ate'' is suffixed to the element in question. For example, the ate complex of a boron compound is called a borate. Thus trimethylborane and methyllithium react to form the ate compound , lithium tetramethylborate(1-). This concept was introduced by Georg Wittig in 1958. Ate complexes are common for metals, including the transition metals (groups 3-11), as well as the metallic or semi-metallic elements of group 2, 12, and 13. They are also well-established for third-period or heavier elements of groups 14–18 in their higher oxidation states. Ate complexes are a counterpart to onium ions. Lewis acids form ate ions when the central atom reacts with a do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IUPAC Nomenclature Of Inorganic Chemistry 2005
Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 2005 is the 2005 version of ''Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry'' (which is informally called the Red Book). It is a collection of rules for naming inorganic compounds, as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). Summary The 2005 edition replaces their previous recommendations ''Nomenclature The Red Book of Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 1990 (Red Book I)'', and "where appropriate" (sic) ''Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry II, IUPAC Recommendations 2000 (Red Book II)''. The recommendations take up over 300 pages''Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry IUPAC Recommendations'' 2005 ed. N. G. Connelly et al. RSC Publishing https://iupac.org/what-we-do/books/redbook/ and the full text can be downloaded from IUPAC. Corrections have been issued. Apart from a reorganisation of the content, there is a new section on organometallics and a formal element list to be used in place of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrachlorozincate
Tetrachlorozincate is an anion with the formula nCl4sup>2−. It is a counterion that is often used in conjunction with strong electrophiles. Being dianionic, tetrachlorozincate is not classified as a weakly coordinating anion. On the other hand, being dianionic, tetrachlorozincate facilitates the crystallization of many salts. It has a tetrahedral molecular geometry. A simple example is (NH4)2 nCl4 The anion is tetrahedral. Zincates are anionic zinc complexes. Related to the preparation of Lucas' reagent, tetrachlorozincates are often generated by combining hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride. It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid Acid strength is the tendency of an acid, symbol ... and zinc chloride. A related anion is n2Cl6sup>2−, in which again Zn(II) adopts a tetrahedral geometry. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IUPAC Nomenclature Of Inorganic Chemistry
In chemical nomenclature, the IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry is a systematic method of naming inorganic chemical compounds, as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). It is published in ''Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry'' (which is informally called the Red Book). Ideally, every inorganic compound should have a name from which an unambiguous formula can be determined. There is also an IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry. System The names "caffeine" and "3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione" both signify the same chemical compound. The systematic name encodes the structure and composition of the caffeine molecule in some detail, and provides an unambiguous reference to this compound, whereas the name "caffeine" just names it. These advantages make the systematic name far superior to the common name when absolute clarity and precision are required. However, for the sake of brevity, even professional chemists w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electrogalvanization
Electrogalvanizing is a process in which a layer of zinc is bonded to steel in order to protect against corrosion. The process involves electroplating, running a current of electricity through a saline/zinc solution with a zinc anode and steel conductor. Such Zinc electroplating or Zinc alloy electroplating maintains a dominant position among other electroplating process options, based upon electroplated tonnage per annum. According to the International Zinc Association, more than 5 million tons are used yearly for both Hot-dip galvanizing, hot dip galvanizing and electroplating. The plating of zinc was developed at the beginning of the 20th century. At that time, the electrolyte was cyanide based. A significant innovation occurred in the 1960s, with the introduction of the first acid chloride based electrolyte. The 1980s saw a return to alkaline electrolytes, only this time, without the use of cyanide. The most commonly used electrogalvanized cold rolled steel is SECC, acronym of "St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electroplating
Electroplating, also known as electrochemical deposition or electrodeposition, is a process for producing a metal coating on a solid substrate through the reduction of cations of that metal by means of a direct electric current. The part to be coated acts as the cathode (negative electrode) of an electrolytic cell; the electrolyte is a solution of a salt of the metal to be coated; and the anode (positive electrode) is usually either a block of that metal, or of some inert conductive material. The current is provided by an external power supply. Electroplating is widely used in industry and decorative arts to improve the surface qualities of objects—such as resistance to abrasion and corrosion, lubricity, reflectivity, electrical conductivity, or appearance. It is used to build up thickness on undersized or worn-out parts, or to manufacture metal plates with complex shape, a process called electroforming. It is used to deposit copper and other conductors in forming printe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plating
Plating is a surface covering in which a metal is deposited on a conductive surface. Plating has been done for hundreds of years; it is also critical for modern technology. Plating is used to decorate objects, for corrosion inhibition, to improve solderability, to harden, to improve wearability, to reduce friction, to improve paint adhesion, to alter conductivity, to improve IR reflectivity, for radiation shielding, and for other purposes. Jewelry typically uses plating to give a silver or gold finish. Thin-film deposition has plated objects as small as an atom, therefore plating finds uses in nanotechnology. There are several plating methods, and many variations. In one method, a solid surface is covered with a metal sheet, and then heat and pressure are applied to fuse them (a version of this is Sheffield plate). Other plating techniques include electroplating, vapor deposition under vacuum and sputter deposition. Recently, plating often refers to using liquids. Metallizing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
