Zerotulidae
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Zerotulidae
The Zerotulidae comprise a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Littorinoidea. According to the Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Zerotulidae has no subfamilies. Genera Genera within the family Zerotulidae include: * ''Dickdellia'' Warén & Hain, 1996 * ''Frovina'' Thiele, 1912 * ''Pseudonatica'' Simone, 2018 * ''Trilirata'' Warén & Hain, 1996 * ''Zerotula'' H. J. Finlay, 1926 Genera brought into synonymy: * ''Frigidilacuna'' Tomlin, 1930: synonym of ''Frovina'' Thiele, 1912 * ''Prolacuna'' Thiele, 1913: synonym of ''Frovina'' Thiele, 1912 * ''Sublacuna'' Thiele, 1912: synonym of ''Frovina'' Thiele, 1912 References * Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod an ...
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Zerotulidae
The Zerotulidae comprise a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic family (biology), family of sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Littorinoidea. According to the Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Zerotulidae has no subfamilies. Genera Genera within the family Zerotulidae include: * ''Dickdellia'' Warén & Hain, 1996 * ''Frovina'' Thiele, 1912 * ''Pseudonatica'' Simone, 2018 * ''Trilirata'' Warén & Hain, 1996 * ''Zerotula'' H. J. Finlay, 1926 Genera brought into synonymy: * ''Frigidilacuna'' Tomlin, 1930: synonym of ''Frovina'' Thiele, 1912 * ''Prolacuna'' Thiele, 1913: synonym of ''Frovina'' Thiele, 1912 * ''Sublacuna'' Thiele, 1912: synonym of ''Frovina'' Thiele, 1912 References * Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod an ...
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Frovina
''Frovina'' is a genus of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ... Zerotulidae, the moon snails.Bouchet, P. (2010). Frovina Thiele, 1912. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=197009 on 2011-04-30 Species * '' Frovina angularis'' Warén & Hain, 1996 * '' Frovina indecora'' (Thiele, 1912) * '' Frovina soror'' Thiele, 1912 References * Warén A. & Hain S. (1996) ''Description of Zerotulidae fam. nov. (Littorinoidea), with comments on an Antarctic littorinid gastropod.'' The Veliger 39(4):277-334 Zerotulidae {{Caenogastropoda-stub ...
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Trilirata
''Trilirata'' is a genus of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Zerotulidae. Species Species within the genus ''Trilirata'' include: * '' Trilirata herosae'' * ''Trilirata macmurdensis ''Trilirata macmurdensis'' is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), ...'' * '' Trilirata sexcarinata'' * '' Trilirata triregis'' References Zerotulidae {{Caenogastropoda-stub ...
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Pseudonatica
''Pseudonatica'' is a genus of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ... Zerotulidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Pseudonatica Simone, 2018. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=987960 on 2022-02-21 Species * '' Pseudonatica ampullarica'' Simone, 2018 * '' Pseudonatica antarctica'' Simone, 2018 References External links Simone, L. R. L. (2018). Convergence with naticids: phenotypic phylogenetic study on some Antarctic littorinoideans, with description of the zerotulid new genus Pseudonatica, and its presence in Brazil (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 98(6): 136 ...
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Littorinoidea
Littorinoidea are a superfamily of both sea snails and land snails which have a gill and an operculum, terrestrial and marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Littorinimorpha. The terrestrial family within this group, the Pomatiidae, are sometimes called "land winkles"Journal of Molluscan Studies, GENETIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION IN THE LAND WINKLE POMATIAS ELEGANS (MÜLLER) (CAENOGASTROPODA: POMATIASIDAE) Volume 67, Issue 2, pp 145–152 (http://mollus.oxfordjournals.org/content/67/2/145.abstract) Accessed 2014-9-2 because the group originated in the sea and the closely related family Littorinidae are known as "winkles". Taxonomy These families and subfamilies have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005): * Littorinidae Children, 1834 - the periwinkles **Subfamily Littorininae Children, 1834 **Subfamily Lacuninae Gray, 1857 **Subfamily Laevilitorininae Reid, 1989 * † Bohaispiridae Youluo, 1978 * Pickworthiidae Iredale, 1917 ** Subfamily Pickworthi ...
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Taxonomy Of The Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised in 2005 by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is a system for the scientific classification of gastropod mollusks. (Gastropods are a taxonomic class of animals which consists of snails and slugs of every kind, from the land, from freshwater, and from saltwater.) The paper setting out this taxonomy was published in the journal ''Malacologia''. The system encompasses both living and extinct groups, as well as some fossils whose classification as gastropods is uncertain. The Bouchet & Rocroi system was the first complete gastropod taxonomy that primarily employed the concept of clades, and was derived from research on molecular phylogenetics; in this context a clade is a "natural grouping" of organisms based upon a statistical cluster analysis. In contrast, most of the previous overall taxonomic schemes for gastropods relied on morphological features to classify these animals, and used taxon ranks such as order, superorder ...
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Taxonomy (biology)
In biology, taxonomy () is the scientific study of naming, defining ( circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped into taxa (singular: taxon) and these groups are given a taxonomic rank; groups of a given rank can be aggregated to form a more inclusive group of higher rank, thus creating a taxonomic hierarchy. The principal ranks in modern use are domain, kingdom, phylum (''division'' is sometimes used in botany in place of ''phylum''), class, order, family, genus, and species. The Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus is regarded as the founder of the current system of taxonomy, as he developed a ranked system known as Linnaean taxonomy for categorizing organisms and binomial nomenclature for naming organisms. With advances in the theory, data and analytical technology of biological systematics, the Linnaean system has transformed into a system of modern biological classification intended to reflect the evolu ...
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Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ...
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Sea Snail
Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the absence of a visible shell. Definition Determining whether some gastropods should be called sea snails is not always easy. Some species that live in brackish water (such as certain neritids) can be listed as either freshwater snails or marine snails, and some species that live at or just above the high tide level (for example species in the genus '' Truncatella'') are sometimes considered to be sea snails and sometimes listed as land snails. Anatomy Sea snails are a very large group of animals and a very diverse one. Most snails that live in salt water respire using a gill or gills; a few species, though, have a lung, are intertidal, and are active only at low tide when they can move around in the air. These air-breathing species includ ...
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Marine (ocean)
The ocean (also the sea or the world ocean) is the body of salt water that covers approximately 70.8% of the surface of Earth and contains 97% of Earth's water. An ocean can also refer to any of the large bodies of water into which the world ocean is conventionally divided."Ocean."
''Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary'', Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ocean. Accessed March 14, 2021.
Separate names are used to identify five different areas of the ocean: (the largest), ,

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Gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. There are many thousands of species of sea snails and slugs, as well as freshwater snails, freshwater limpets, and land snails and slugs. The class Gastropoda contains a vast total of named species, second only to the insects in overall number. The fossil history of this class goes back to the Late Cambrian. , 721 families of gastropods are known, of which 245 are extinct and appear only in the fossil record, while 476 are currently extant with or without a fossil record. Gastropoda (previously known as univalves and sometimes spelled "Gasteropoda") are a major part of the phylum Mollusca, and are the most highly diversified class in the phylum, with 65,000 to 80,000 living snail and slug species. The anatomy, behavior, feeding, and re ...
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Mollusc
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species. The proportion of undescribed species is very high. Many taxa remain poorly studied. Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms. Numerous molluscs also live in freshwater and terrestrial habitats. They are highly diverse, not just in size and anatomical structure, but also in behaviour and habitat. The phylum is typically divided into 7 or 8 taxonomic classes, of which two are entirely extinct. Cephalopod molluscs, such as squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses, are among the most neurologically advanced of all invertebrates—and either the giant squid or the colossal squid is the largest known invertebrate species. The gastropods ...
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