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Zhengtong (era)
Zhengtong () (18 January 1436 – 13 January 1450) was the first era name of Emperor Yingzong, the sixth emperor of the Ming dynasty of China. Comparison table Other eras contemporaneous with Zhengtong * China ** ''Taiding'' (泰定, 1448–1449): Ming period — era name of Chen Jianhu (陳鑑胡) ** ''Dongyang'' (東陽, 1449–1450): Ming period — era name of Huang Xiaoyang (黃蕭養) * Vietnam ** ''Thiệu Bình'' (紹平, 1434–1439): Later Lê dynasty — era name of Lê Thái Tông ** ''Đại Bảo'' (大寶, 1440–1442): Later Lê dynasty — era name of Lê Thái Tông ** ''Đại Hòa'' (大和) or ''Thái Hòa'' (太和) (1443–1453): Later Lê dynasty — era name of Lê Nhân Tông * Japan ** ''Eikyō'' (永享, 1429–1441): era name of Emperor Go-Hanazono ** ''Kakitsu'' (嘉吉, 1441–1444): era name of Emperor Go-Hanazono ** ''Bun'an'' (文安, 1444–1449): era name of Emperor Go-Hanazono ** ''Hōtoku'' (宝徳, 1449–1452): era name of Emperor Go-Hana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Era Name
Chinese era names were titles used by various Chinese dynasties and regimes in Imperial China for the purpose of year identification and numbering. The first monarch to adopt era names was the Emperor Wu of Han in 140 BCE, and this system remained the official method of year identification and numbering until the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912 CE, when the era name system was superseded by the Republic of China calendar. Other polities in the Sinosphere—Korea, Vietnam and Japan—also adopted the concept of era name as a result of Chinese politico-cultural influence. Description Chinese era names were titles adopted for the purpose of identifying and numbering years in Imperial China. Era names originated as mottos or slogans chosen by the reigning monarch and usually reflected the political, economic and/or social landscapes at the time. For instance, the first era name proclaimed by the Emperor Wu of Han, ''Jianyuan'' (; lit. "establishing the origin"), was r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Yingzong Of Ming
Emperor Yingzong of Ming (; 29 November 1427 – 23 February 1464), personal name Zhu Qizhen (), was the sixth and eighth Emperor of the Ming dynasty. He ascended the throne as the Zhengtong Emperor () in 1435, but was forced to abdicate in 1449, in favour of his younger brother the Jingtai Emperor, after being captured by the Northern Yuan dynasty during the Tumu Crisis. In 1457, he deposed the Jingtai Emperor and ruled again as the Tianshun Emperor () until his death in 1464. First reign Zhu Qizhen was the son of the Xuande Emperor and his second wife Empress Sun. At the beginning of the Zhengtong reign, the Ming dynasty was prosperous and at the height of its power as a result of the Xuande Emperor's able administration. The Zhengtong Emperor's accession at the age of eight made him the first child emperor of the dynasty – hence the Zhengtong Emperor was easily influenced by others, especially the eunuch Wang Zhen. At first, Wang Zhen was kept under control by his father ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last orthodox dynasty of China ruled by the Han Chinese, Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the short-lived Shun dynasty), numerous rump state, rump regimes ruled by remnants of the House of Zhu, Ming imperial family—collectively called the Southern Ming—survived until 1662. The Ming dynasty's founder, the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398), attempted to create a society of self-sufficient rural communities ordered in a rigid, immobile system that would guarantee and support a permanent class of soldiers for his dynasty: the empire's standing army exceeded one million troops and the naval history of China, navy's dockyards in Nanjin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Dynasty
The Lê dynasty, also known as Later Lê dynasty ( vi, Hậu Lê triều, chữ Hán: 後黎朝 or vi, nhà Hậu Lê, link=no, chữ Nôm: 茹後黎), was the longest-ruling Vietnamese dynasty, ruling Đại Việt from 1428 to 1789. The Lê dynasty is divided into two historical periods – the Early period ( Vietnamese: Lê sơ triều, chữ Hán: 黎初朝, or Vietnamese: nhà Lê sơ, chữ Nôm: 茹黎初; 1428–1527) before usurpation by the Mạc dynasty (1527–1683), in which emperors ruled in their own right, and the restored period or Revival Lê ( Vietnamese: Lê Trung hưng triều, chữ Hán: 黎中興朝, or Vietnamese: nhà Lê trung hưng, chữ Nôm: 茹黎中興; 1533–1789), in which figurehead emperors reigned under the auspices of the powerful Trịnh family. The Restored Lê period is marked by two lengthy civil wars: the Lê–Mạc War (1533–1592) in which two dynasties battled for legitimacy in northern Vietnam and the Trịnh–Nguyễn War ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Thái Tông
Lê Thái Tông (黎太宗 22 December 1423 – 28 August 1442), birth name Lê Nguyên Long (黎元龍), was the second emperor of the Later Lê dynasty from 1433 until his early death nine years later. __TOC__ Biography Lê Thái Tông was the second son of Lê Lợi. Although his mother died when he was at a young age, he was considered as bright and capable as his father was. When Lê Lợi became sick in 1433, he summoned his closest advisors (Lê Sát, Trịnh Khả, Pham Van Sao, Nguyễn Trãi, Tran Nguyen Han, and Le Ngan) to name Lê Thái Tông as his heir to the throne. At the time Lê Thái Tông was only ten years old. Upon Lê Lợi's death, Lê Sát assumed the regency of Vietnam. Lê Sát ruled Vietnam more for himself than for the young emperor. He eliminated many of his rivals by various means and tried to further solidify his power base within the government. Lê Thái Tông became increasingly unhappy with his regent's actions and sought support from ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lê Nhân Tông
Lê Nhân Tông (黎仁宗, 28 May 1441 – 25 October 1459), birth name Lê Bang Cơ (黎邦基) was the third emperor of the Later Lê dynasty from 1453 until his murder in a coup in 1459. He was a grandson of the emperor Lê Lợi. During nearly all of his reign, the real power behind the throne was his mother, Empress Dowager Tuyên Từ, a royal consort of Lê Thái Tông. Biography With the sudden death of Lê Thái Tông, his heir was an infant son named Bang Co, mothered by Royal Consort Nguyen Thi Anh. He was the third son of his father, but the elder son ( Le Nghi Dân) had been officially passed over due to his mother's low social status. The government was actually under the control of Trinh Kha. Trịnh Khả was a long-time aide, friend, and counselor of Lê Lợi. By 1442, he was the first among the surviving top aides of Lê Lợi, the others had been killed or were second rank. Despite the dangers of having an infant on the throne, the government seems to ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eikyō
was a after ''Shōchō'' and before ''Kakitsu''. This period spanned the years from September 1429 through February 1441. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1429 : The era name was changed to mark the beginning of the reign of Emperor Go-Hanazono. The previous era ended and a new era commenced in ''Shōchō 1'', on the 29th day of the 7th month, when the new emperor was proclaimed. Events of the ''Eikyō'' era * April 14, 1429 (''Eikyō 1, 9th day of the 3rd month''): Ashikaga Yoshinobu is honored in court; and thereafter, he is known as Yoshinori. * 1429: Yoshinori appointed shōgun.Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982) ''Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron, p. 330. * 1430: Southern army surrenders. * 1432: Akamatsu Mitsusuke flees; Yoshinori receives rescript from China. * 1433 (''Eikyō 5, 6th month''): The Emperor of China addressed a letter to ''shōgun'' Yoshinori in which, as a conventional aspect of the foreign relations of Imperial China, the Chinese assume that the h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Go-Hanazono
(July 10, 1418 – January 18, 1471) was the 102nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'')後花園天皇 (102) retrieved 2013-8-28. His reign spanned the years from 1428 through 1464. This 15th-century sovereign was named after the 14th-century Emperor Hanazono and ''go-'' (後) translates as "later", and thus, he could be called the "Later Emperor Hanazono", or in some older sources, may be identified as "Hanazono, the second" or as "Hanazono II". Genealogy Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was simply .Titsingh, p. 331. He was the eldest son of Imperial Prince Fushimi-no-miya Sadafusa (伏見宮貞成親王) (1372–1456). His mother was Sachiko (幸子) (1390–1448), daughter of Niwata Tsuneari (庭田経有). His father was the 3rd of the Fushimi-no-miya line and grandson of the Northern Pretender Emperor Sukō, making Go-Hanazono the great-grandson of Suk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kakitsu
was a after ''Eikyō'' and before ''Bun'an''. This period spanned the years from February 1441 through February 1444. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1451 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Eikyō'' 13. Events of the ''Kakitsu'' era * July 12, 1441 (''Kakitsu 1, 24th day of the 6th month''): ''Shōgun'' Ashikaga Yoshinori is murdered at age 48 by Akamatsu Mitsusuke who was upset that Akamatsu Sadaura was made leader of the Akamatsu clan; and shortly thereafter, Yoshinori's 8-year-old son, Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, was proclaimed as the new ''shōgun''. *July 12–28, 1441: A number of prominent nobles were also killed defending Shōgun Yoshinori directly through the fighting including Kyōgoku Takakazu, the Shugo of Yamashiro Province and Ōuchi Mochiyo (1394-1441), the head of the Ōuchi clan. * 1441 (''Kakitsu 1, 9th month''): The murderers of Yoshinori kill themselves. * 1443 (''Kakit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bun'an
was a after ''Kakitsu'' and before ''Hotoku.'' This period spanned the years from February 1444 through July 1449. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1444 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kakitsu'' 4. Events of the ''Bun'an'' era * 1444 (''Bun'an 1, 1st month''): Ashikaga Yoshimasa, YoshinariYoshinari will change his name in ''Kyōtoku'' 2 (1453); and he will be more conventionally known in history as "Yoshimasa" – but at this point, that is not yet his name. made his first visit to ''Kanrei'' Hatakeyama Motokuni; and on this occasion, all the avenues along the route to and from the meeting were highly guarded.Titsingh p. 343./ref> * 1444 (''Bun'an 1, 4th month''): The inhabitants of the eastern part of the capital and the western part of the capital each demanded exclusive rights to sell the dregs remaining from sake brewing. Crowds gathered at the Shinto shrine, Kitano Tenman- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hōtoku
was a after ''Bun'an'' and before '' Kyotoku.'' This period spanned the years from July 1449 through July 1452. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1449 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in 1449 (''Bun'an 6.'') The first year of Hotoku began on the 28th day of the 7th month. On the 10th day, the era name would still have been ''Bun'an'' 6. Events of the ''Hōtoku'' era * May 8, 1449 (''Hōtoku 1, 16th day of the 4th month''): Shōgun Yoshinari is honored by the emperor with the gift of a sword. * 1451 (''Hōtoku 3, 7th month ''): A delegation from the Ryukyu Islands arrives for the first time in Heian-kyō (Kyoto).Titsingh, ; Satow, Ernest. (1882) "Notes on Loochoo" in , citing Arai Hakuseki Mention of this diplomatic event is among the first of its type to be published in the West in an 1832 French version of by Hayashi Shihei. * 1451 (''Hōtoku 3, 8th month ''): Sogun Yoshihori causes a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Chinese Era Names
This is a list of the Chinese era names used by the various dynasties and regimes in the history of China, sorted by monarch. The English renditions of the era names in this list are based on the Hanyu Pinyin system. However, some academic works utilize the Wade–Giles romanization. For instance, the era of ''Zhenguan'' () during the reign of the Emperor Taizong of Tang is rendered as ''Chen-kuan'' in Wade–Giles. Han dynasty Western Han Xin dynasty Xuan Han Eastern Han Other regimes contemporaneous with Han dynasty Three Kingdoms Cao Wei Shu Han Eastern Wu Other regimes contemporaneous with Three Kingdoms Jin dynasty Western Jin Eastern Jin Huan Chu Other regimes contemporaneous with Jin dynasty Sixteen Kingdoms Han Zhao Cheng Han Later Zhao Former Liang Former Yan Former Qin Later Yan Later Qin Western Qin Later Liang Southern Liang Northern Liang Southern Yan Western Liang Hu Xia Northern Yan Dai Ran Wei We ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
