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Zaydana
Lalla Aisha Al Mubaraka (), often referred to as Zaydana (died 1716), was a slave concubine of Moulay Ismail of Morocco (r. 1672–1727), she then became one of his four wives. She had an acknowledged influence over the affairs of state through her personal influence over the sultan. Some Europeans are even said to have called her the "Empress of Morocco" as a result. Life Identity Lalla Aisha's real identity is subject to conflicting reports from historic sources and there are multiple theories regarding her origins. Some identify her as a black slave, others as a princess and some as a Barbuchi. Reports from European slaves at the court of Sultan Moulay Ismail identify her as a black slave concubine. Moroccan historians do not give account of her origins nor of her status as wife, but refer to her as "the noble Lalla Aisha Al Mubaraka". Al Nâsiri and Al Zayani both refer her as such. Other studies identify her as the "Princess of Tuat", in the 17th century the Aït Att ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Concubinage
Concubinage is an interpersonal and sexual relationship between a man and a woman in which the couple does not want, or cannot enter into a full marriage. Concubinage and marriage are often regarded as similar but mutually exclusive. Concubinage was a formal and institutionalized practice in China until the 20th century that upheld concubines' rights and obligations. A concubine could be freeborn or of slave origin, and their experience could vary tremendously according to their masters' whim. During the Mongol conquests, both foreign royals and captured women were taken as concubines. Concubinage was also common in Meiji Japan as a status symbol, and in Indian society, where the intermingling of castes and religions was frowned upon and a taboo, and concubinage could be practiced with women with whom marriage was considered undesirable, such as those from a lower caste and Muslim women who wouldn't be accepted in a Hindu household and Hindu women who wouldn't be accepted in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beni Ḥassān
Beni Ḥassan ( ar, بني حسان "Children of Ḥassān") is a nomadic group of Arabian origin, one of the four sub-tribes of the Maqil Arab tribes who emigrated in the 10th century to the Maghreb with the Bani Hilal and Banu Sulaym tribes. In Morocco, they first settled, alongside their Maqil relatives, in the area between Tadla and the Moulouya River. The Sous Almohad governor called upon them for help against a rebellion in the Sous, and they resettled in and around that region. They later moved to Mauritania, and from the 16th century onwards, they managed to push back all black Mauritanians southwards to the Senegal Valley river. The Beni Hassan and other warrior Arab tribes dominated the Sanhaja Berber tribes of the area after the Char Bouba war of the 17th century. As a result, Arabian culture and language came to dominate, and the Berber tribes underwent some Arabisation. The Bani Hassan dialect of Arabic became used in the region and is still spoken, in the form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meknes
Meknes ( ar, مكناس, maknās, ; ber, ⴰⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ, amknas; french: Meknès) is one of the four Imperial cities of Morocco, located in northern central Morocco and the sixth largest city by population in the kingdom. Founded in the 11th century by the Almoravids as a military settlement, Meknes became the capital of Morocco under the reign of Sultan Moulay Ismaïl (1672–1727), son of the founder of the Alaouite dynasty. Moulay Ismaïl created a massive imperial palace complex and endowed the city with extensive fortifications and monumental gates. The city recorded a population of 632,079 in the 2014 Moroccan census. It is the seat of Meknès Prefecture and an important economic pole in the region of Fès-Meknès. Etymology Meknes is named after a Berber tribe which, was known as ''Miknasa'' (native Berber name: Imeknasen) in the medieval North African documents. History Early history (8th–16th centuries) Volubilis, a major Roman-era settlement in Morocco and o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taroudant
Taroudant (; ar, تارودانت, Latn, ar, tārūdānt, ) is a city in the Sous Valley in south western Morocco. It is situated east of Agadir on the road to Ouarzazate and the Sahara desert and south of Marrakesh. The town is known as the "Grandmother of Marrakech" because it looks like a smaller Marrakech with its surrounding ramparts. In the 16th century, the Saadi dynasty briefly used Taroudant as a capital before it moved its royal seat onwards to Marrakesh. Today, the city has the feel of a small fortified market town on a caravan route. Taroudant is known for its local crafts, including jewellery and carpets. Unlike Marrakesh, almost the entire city of Taroudant is located inside its walls. A new part of the city is being developed outside the city walls around the campus of a faculty of the Ibn Zohr University of Agadir. On 8 July 2022, a maximum temperature of was registered. History The town was occupied by the Almoravids in 1056. Later, the town became the cap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammed Ben Abdallah
''Sidi'' Mohammed ben Abdallah ''al-Khatib'' ( ar, سيدي محمد بن عبد الله الخطيب), known as Mohammed III ( ar, محمد الثالث), born in 1710 in Fes and died on 9 April 1790 in Meknes, was the Sultan of Morocco from 1757 to 1790 as a member of the 'Alawi dynasty. He was the governor of Marrakesh around 1750. He was also briefly sultan in 1748. He rebuilt many cities after the earthquake of 1755, including Mogador, Casablanca, and Rabat, and Abdallah Laroui described him as "the architect of modern Morocco." He also defeated the French in the Larache expedition in 1765 and expelled the Portuguese from Mazagan ( ''al-Jadīda'') in 1769. He is notable for having been the leader of one of the first nations to recognize American independence in his alliance with Luis de Unzaga 'le Conciliateur' through correspondence and Unzaga's secret intelligence service and led by his brothers-in-law Antonio and Matías de Gálvez from the Canary Islands. He was the son o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdallah Of Morocco
Moulay Abdallah (1694 – 10 November 1757) ( ar, مولاي عبدالله بن إسماعيل ) was the Sultan of Morocco six times between 1729 and 1757. He ascended the throne in the years 1729–1734, 1736, 1740–1741, 1741–1742, 1743–1747 and 1748–1757. He was a son of Sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif. Life He was born in 1694 to Sultan Moulay Ismail and one of his wives Lalla Khanatha bint Bakkar. He ascended the throne numerous times, fighting his half-brothers. He was first proclaimed sultan after the death of his half-brother Sultan Moulay Ahmad on 5 March 1729. The Abids, the Udayas, all the caids gathered and agreed to proclaim him the new sultan of Morocco. They sent a troop of horsemen to fetch for him in Sijilmasa where he resided. At the same time, they wrote to the Ulemas of Fez inviting them to pledge the Bay'ah to Moulay Abdallah, which they agreed to. Moulay Abdallah favorable of his proclamation traveled to Fez for his Bay'ah which was planned to take p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdalmalik Of Morocco
Sultan Moulay Abdelmalik () (1675 – 2 March 1729) was Sultan of Morocco from March 1728 to March 1729 and member of the Alaouite dynasty. Reign A son of Sultan Moulay Ismail, Moulay Abdalmalik was earmarked as his father's successor until he fell from favour and was replaced as heir by his two years younger half-brother Moulay Ahmad al-Dhahbi in 1727. Moulay Ahmad al-Dhahbi proved quite ineffective as a ruler, and when it became public that he was a drunkard, he was overthrown in a coup instigated by his own wives. Moulay Abdelmalik was proclaimed Sultan in March 1729, but failed to prevent his brother's escape and made the mistake of criticising the fiercely loyal ''bukhari'' (the imperial black bodyguards). The ''bukhari'' then threw their support behind the ousted Ahmad ed Dhahbi, thus throwing Morocco into yet another civil war. A compromise was reached between the brothers after bloody fighting, splitting Morocco into two kingdoms. Ahmed ed Dehebi was to have Mekne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Braithwaite (author)
John Braithwaite (1696–1740), was an English author. Career Braithwaite (also spelt Brathwaite and other variants) was the author of ''The History of the Revolution in the Empire of Morocco upon the Death of the late Emperor Muley Ishmael'', published in 1729 and translated into Dutch in 1729, German in 1730, and French in 1731. In his preface Braithwaite describes himself as being in the service of the African Company, and as having, when very young, served in the fleet in Anne's reign, and then having been a lieutenant in the Welsh fusiliers, ensign in the Royal Guards, and secretary to his kinsman Christian Cole, the British resident at Venice, with whom he travelled through Europe. Braithwaite married Christian's niece Silvia, whose father was a merchant in Amsterdam. He also states that he was in the Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent expeditions, and was present at the siege of Gibraltar (1727). Thence he crossed to Morocco and joined the British consul-general, John Russe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu'l Abbas Ahmad Of Morocco
Mulay Ahmed ed Dhahabi () (also spelt Moulay Ahmad ad Dahabi), known fully as 'Abul Abbas Mulay Ahmad ud-Dhahabi bin Ismail as-Samin (1677 – 5 March 1729), was the Sultan of Morocco in 1727–1728 and 1728–1729. He was born at Meknes in 1677, as a son of Ismail Ibn Sharif. Between 1699 and 1700 he was the Khalifa of Tadla. He ascended the throne on 22 March 1727, after his father's death. He was deposed in 1728 by Abdalmalik of Morocco, yet he was restored briefly afterwards at Oued Beht. He was deposed once more, on the day of his death on 5 March 1729 at Meknes. He was succeeded by his half-brother Abdallah of Morocco Moulay Abdallah (1694 – 10 November 1757) ( ar, مولاي عبدالله بن إسماعيل ) was the Sultan of Morocco six times between 1729 and 1757. He ascended the throne in the years 1729–1734, 1736, 1740–1741, 1741–1742, 1743 .... References 1677 births 1729 deaths 17th-century Arabs 18th-century Arabs People from Mek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Baptiste Estelle
Jean-Baptiste Estelle (1662, Marseille – 1723, Marseille) was French Consul in the Moroccan city of Salé in 1689–98. He was the son of Pierre Estelle, Consul at Tetuan."...the reports sent to the Government of Louis XIV by P. Estelle, Consul at Tetouan, and his son JB Estelle, Consul at Sale." in ''Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland'' Cambridge University Press for the Royal Asiatic Society, 1932 He succeeded Jean Perillier as consul at Salé. In 1680, at the age of 18, he went to Algiers for 3 years, where his father was Consul. In 1689, he was nominated at Consul of Salé. In Salé, he was staying in the house of Abraham Maimrān. In 1690, he was visited by the French Ambassador to Mulay Ismail, Pidou de Saint Olon. He had to leave his post in 1698 at the request of the Sultan Mulay Ismail. At the age of 58, in 1720, he was mayor ("Premier échevin") of the city of Marseille, during the Great Plague of Marseille The Great Plague of Marsei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lalla Salma
''Lalla'' Salma (born Salma Bennani, ar, سلمى بناني, 10 May 1978) is the princess consort of Morocco. She is married to King Mohammed VI, and the first wife of a Moroccan ruler to have been publicly acknowledged and given a royal title. Since she has not been seen in an official capacity since December 2017, there have been speculations in the media that the couple are divorced. Early life and education She was born as Salma Bennani in Fez, although some sources cite Marrakech as her place of birth. Her father is Hadj Abdelhamid Bennani, a university teacher who taught at l'École normale supérieure de Fès and her mother is Naïma Bensouda, who died in 1981, when Salma was three years old. From then on she and her sister Meryem were raised by her maternal grandmother, Hajja Fatma Abdellaoui Maâne. She lived in Rabat, with her half cousin Saira, and the two are commonly seen together in public. She was educated in Rabat, where she attended a private school, Lycée ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khnata Bent Bakkar
Lalla Khanatha bint Bakkar () also known as Hinata binti Bakar al-Gul (1668–1754), was one of the four wives of Sultan Moulay Ismail (r. 1672–1727), and acted as his de facto First Minister and Secretary. After his death, she remained active in the political governance of Morocco during the unstable situation which followed as the mother of Sultan Moulay Abdallah (r. 1729–1757). Life Origin and marriage Lalla Khanata's full name was Khanatha bint ''Sheikh'' Abu Bakar al-Gul bin Ali bin Abdallah. She was born to the chieftains of the M'gharfa tribe, part of the Awlad Hassān caste among the Beidanes. The Awlad Hassān were the armed aristocratic caste of the Beidane people and her family of the Awlad Abdalla clan in the M'gharfa tribe. Her father was the ''Grand Sheikh'' Abu Bakkar Al M'gharfi, the chieftain of the M'gharfa tribal confederation. She has also been claimed to be the daughter of the Emir of Brakna. However, historic chronicles record Lalla Khanatha as hai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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