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Yonkoma
, a comic strip format, generally consists of gag comic strips within four panels of equal size ordered from top to bottom. They also sometimes run right-to-left horizontally or use a hybrid 2×2 style, depending on the layout requirements of the publication in which they appear. Although the word ''yonkoma'' comes from Japanese, the style also exists outside Japan in other Asian countries as well as in the English-speaking market, particularly in mid-20th century United States strips, where ''Peanuts'' popularized the format. Origin Rakuten Kitazawa (who wrote under the name Yasuji Kitazawa) produced the first ''yonkoma'' in 1902. Entitled ''Jiji Manga'', it was thought to have been influenced by the works of Frank Arthur Nankivell and of Frederick Burr Opper.Carolin Fischer,'Mangaka',Unknown date of publication, "http://www.mangaka.co.uk/?page=yonkoma", 2009-10-29 Structure Traditionally, ''yonkoma'' follow a structure known as ''kishōtenketsu''. This word is a compound fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yonkoma
, a comic strip format, generally consists of gag comic strips within four panels of equal size ordered from top to bottom. They also sometimes run right-to-left horizontally or use a hybrid 2×2 style, depending on the layout requirements of the publication in which they appear. Although the word ''yonkoma'' comes from Japanese, the style also exists outside Japan in other Asian countries as well as in the English-speaking market, particularly in mid-20th century United States strips, where ''Peanuts'' popularized the format. Origin Rakuten Kitazawa (who wrote under the name Yasuji Kitazawa) produced the first ''yonkoma'' in 1902. Entitled ''Jiji Manga'', it was thought to have been influenced by the works of Frank Arthur Nankivell and of Frederick Burr Opper.Carolin Fischer,'Mangaka',Unknown date of publication, "http://www.mangaka.co.uk/?page=yonkoma", 2009-10-29 Structure Traditionally, ''yonkoma'' follow a structure known as ''kishōtenketsu''. This word is a compound fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kishōtenketsu
describes the structure and development of classic Chinese, Korean and Japanese narratives. The structure originated in China and was called ''qǐ chéng zhuǎn hé'' () and used in Chinese poetry as a four-line composition, such as Qijue. From there, it moved to Korea where it is called ''gi seung jeon gyeol'' (Hangul: 기승전결; Hanja: 起承轉結). Finally, the art style came to Japan, where it is referred to as , from which the English word derives. Regionalities There are variations of this dramatic structure based on region due to differences in how the Chinese characters are interpreted per the country and culture. China The Chinese interpretation is: : means start or introduction, usually meaning the reason something started : meant handling, process, or hardships : turn, turning point, crescendo : result. Korea The Korean interpretation is 기 : raising issues and introducing characters 승 : the beginning of the action (But not to solve a problem, necess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peanuts
''Peanuts'' is a print syndication, syndicated daily strip, daily and Sunday strip, Sunday American comic strip written and illustrated by Charles M. Schulz. The strip's original run extended from 1950 to 2000, continuing in reruns afterward. ''Peanuts'' is among the most popular and influential in the history of comic strips, with 17,897 strips published in all, making it "arguably the longest story ever told by one human being". At the time of Schulz's death in 2000, ''Peanuts'' ran in over 2,600 newspapers, with a readership of around 355 million in 75 countries, and was translated into 21 languages. It helped to cement the Yonkoma, four-panel gag strip as the standard in the United States, and together with its merchandise earned Schulz more than $1 billion. ''Peanuts'' focuses entirely on a social circle of young children, where adults unseen character, exist but are never seen and rarely heard. The main character, Charlie Brown, is meek, nervous, and lacks self-c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gag Cartoon
A gag cartoon (also panel cartoon, single-panel cartoon, or gag panel) is most often a single-panel cartoon, usually including a caption beneath the drawing. A pantomime cartoon carries no caption. In some cases, dialogue may appear in speech balloons, following the common convention of comic strips. As the name implies—"gag" being a show business term for a comedic idea—these cartoons are most often intended to provoke laughter. Popular magazines that have featured gag cartoons include ''Punch'', ''The New Yorker'' and ''Playboy''. Some publications, such as ''Humorama'', have used cartoons as the main focus of the magazine, rather than articles and fiction. Captions Captions are usually concise, to fit on a single line. Gag cartoons of the 1930s and earlier occasionally had lengthy captions, sometimes featuring dialogue between two characters depicted in the drawing; over time, cartoon captions became shorter. Media In the mid-1950s, gag cartoonists found a new ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panel (comics)
A panel is an individual frame, or single drawing, in the multiple-panel sequence of a comic strip or comic book, as well as a graphic novel. A panel consists of a single drawing depicting a frozen moment. When multiple panels are present, they are often, though not always, separated by a short amount of space called a gutter. Newspaper daily strips typically consist of either four panels (''Doonesbury'', '' For Better or For Worse'') or three panels (''Garfield'', ''Dilbert''). These panels may all be of the same size, but many skilled cartoonists, such as Bill Waterson, Danny Vasquetto, Leonard Waldstein, Humphrey Powell, and Ginny Thomas vary the size and number of panels in each daily strip. The horizontal newspaper strip can also employ only a single panel, as sometimes seen in Wiley Miller's '' Non Sequitur''. In Asia, a vertical four-panel arrangement (''yonkoma'') is common in newspapers, such as with ''Azumanga Daioh''. In a comic book or graphic novel, the shapes of pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Language
is spoken natively by about 128 million people, primarily by Japanese people and primarily in Japan, the only country where it is the national language. Japanese belongs to the Japonic or Japanese- Ryukyuan language family. There have been many attempts to group the Japonic languages with other families such as the Ainu, Austroasiatic, Koreanic, and the now-discredited Altaic, but none of these proposals has gained widespread acceptance. Little is known of the language's prehistory, or when it first appeared in Japan. Chinese documents from the 3rd century AD recorded a few Japanese words, but substantial Old Japanese texts did not appear until the 8th century. From the Heian period (794–1185), there was a massive influx of Sino-Japanese vocabulary into the language, affecting the phonology of Early Middle Japanese. Late Middle Japanese (1185–1600) saw extensive grammatical changes and the first appearance of European loanwords. The basis of the standard dialect moved f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asia
Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Its 4.7 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population. In general terms, Asia is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean, and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. The border of Asia with Europe is a historical and cultural construct, as there is no clear physical and geographical separation between them. It is somewhat arbitrary and has moved since its first conception in classical antiquity. The division of Eurasia into two continents reflects East–West cultural, linguistic, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English-speaking
Speakers of English are also known as Anglophones, and the countries where English is natively spoken by the majority of the population are termed the ''Anglosphere''. Over two billion people speak English , making English the largest language by number of speakers, and the third largest language by number of native speakers. England and the Scottish Lowlands, countries of the United Kingdom, are the birthplace of the English language, and the modern form of the language has been being spread around the world since the 17th century, first by the worldwide influence of England and later the United Kingdom, and then by that of the United States. Through all types of printed and electronic media of these countries, English has become the leading language of international discourse and the lingua franca in many regions and professional contexts such as science, navigation and law. The United Kingdom remains the largest English-speaking country in Europe. The United States and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, nine Minor Outlying Islands, and 326 Indian reservations. The United States is also in free association with three Pacific Island sovereign states: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. It is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. It shares land borders with Canada to its north and with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. With a population of over 333 million, it is the most populous country in the Americas and the third most populous in the world. The national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. and its most populous city and principal financial center is New York City. Paleo-Americ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manga
Manga (Japanese: 漫画 ) are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long prehistory in earlier Japanese art. The term ''manga'' is used in Japan to refer to both comics and cartooning. Outside of Japan, the word is typically used to refer to comics originally published in the country. In Japan, people of all ages and walks of life read manga. The medium includes works in a broad range of genres: action, adventure, business and commerce, comedy, detective, drama, historical, horror, mystery, romance, science fiction and fantasy, erotica ('' hentai'' and ''ecchi''), sports and games, and suspense, among others. Many manga are translated into other languages. Since the 1950s, manga has become an increasingly major part of the Japanese publishing industry. By 1995, the manga market in Japan was valued at (), with annual sales of 1.9billion manga books and manga magazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rakuten Kitazawa
, better known by the pen name , was a Japanese manga artist and ''nihonga'' artist. He drew many editorial cartoons and comic strips during the years from the late Meiji era through the early Shōwa era. He is considered by many historians to be the founding father of modern manga because his work was an inspiration to many younger manga artists and animators. He was the first professional cartoonist in Japan, and the first to use the term "manga" in its modern sense. Biography Kitazawa was born in 1876 in the Kita Adachi district of Ōmiya in Saitama Prefecture. He studied western-style painting under Ōno Yukihiko and Nihonga under Inoue Shunzui. He joined the English-language magazine ''Box of Curios'' in 1895, and started drawing cartoons under Frank Arthur Nankivell, an Australian artist who later emigrated to America and became a popular cartoonist for '' Puck'' magazine. In 1899, Kitazawa moved to ''Jiji Shimpo'', a daily newspaper founded by Yukichi Fukuzawa. From Jan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frank Arthur Nankivell
Frank Arthur Nankivell (1869–1959) was an Australian artist and political cartoonist, known for his caricatures in publications such as '' Puck''. Early life Nankivell was born to John and Annie Nankivell in Maldon, northwest of Castlemaine, Victoria in April, 1869. He was a book illustrator in New York circles of the 1910s and 1920s on such publications as '' Puck'', which was America's first successful humor magazine. He married Ada J. King in 1899 and had 2 children. She died in 1919. He then married Blanche Elizabeth Martin. The couple had two sons; John (1921-2012) m. Margaret Elizabeth Kreidler, and Ronald (1922-1971) m. Jean Denise McNulty. Nankivell died in 1959. Education Nankivell studied art at Wesley College, Melbourne. He later travelled to Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
