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Yakov Melkumov
Yakov Arkadievich Melkumov (Russian: Я́ков Арка́дьевич Мельку́мов; Armenian: Հակոբ Արշակի Մելքումյան, Hakob Arshaki Melkumyan) ( – 3 July 1962) was a Soviet military commander of Armenian origin. He fought in the First World War and the Russian Civil War. He particularly distinguished himself during the Russian Civil War fighting against the Basmachi movement on the Turkestan Front. He is known for commanding the unit that killed the former Ottoman general who had commanded the Basmachi rebels, Enver Pasha. In Tsarist Russia Melkumov was born to a working-class Armenian family in the village of Kherkhan, near the town of Shusha. His father Arshak was a bricklayer by profession. In 1890, his family moved to Ashgabat, where Yakov learned the Turkmen language and learned to ride a horse. In 1906 he graduated from the 6th grade of the gymnasium in Ashgabat. In 1907, he was drafted into the Imperial Russian Army, sent to study at the Ni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xərxan, Khojavend
Kherkhan ( hy, Խերխան; az, Xərxan) is a village located in the Khojavend District of Azerbaijan, in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The village had an ethnic Armenian-majority population before 2023 and in 1989. The village lost 10% of its population as a result of both Nagorno-Karabakh wars. History During the Soviet period, the village was a part of the Martuni District of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast. Historical heritage sites Historical heritage sites in and around the village include the cemetery of ''Khacher'' ( hy, Խաչեր, ) from between the 11th and 14th centuries, the 19th-century St. George's Church ( hy, Սուրբ Գևորգ եկեղեցի, Surb Gevorg Yekeghetsi), and a 19th-century spring monument. Economy and culture The population is mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. As of 2015, the village has a municipal building, a house of culture, a school, and a medical centre. Demographics The village had 111 inhabitants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shusha
/ hy, Շուշի , settlement_type = City , image_skyline = ShushaCollection2021.jpg , image_caption = Landmarks of Shusha, from top left:Ghazanchetsots Cathedral • Yukhari Govhar Agha MosqueShusha fortress • Shusha mountainsHouse of Mehmandarovs • City centerShusha skyline • House of Khurshidbanu Natavan , pushpin_map = Azerbaijan#Republic of Artsakh , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Azerbaijan Republic of Artsakh (claimed) , subdivision_type1 = District (Azerbaijan) , subdivision_name1 = Shusha , subdivision_type2 = Province (Artsakh, claimed) , subdivision_name2 = Shushi , established_title = Founded , leader_title1 = Mayor , leader_name1 = Bayram Safarov , leader_title2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
8th Army (RSFSR)
The 8th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the jovial Russian Civil War which existed from 26 September 1918 until 20 March 1920. History In October-December 1918, the 8th Army conducted ineffective military operations against the Don Army in the Voronezh-Liskin direction. In January 1919, it participated in the successful Voronezh–Povorino Operation against the Don Army. In March 1919, it conducted heavy defensive battles in the Donbass around Lugansk. On 14 August 1919, the 8th Army was included in the Southern Front Group under the command of Vladimir Selivachyov. It had a total of 24,000 bayonets, 3,500 sabers, 1,170 machine guns and 193 guns. In August 1919, it participated in the offensive of the Shock Group of the Southern Front. After initial success and an advance of more than 80 kilometers, it was forced to retreat under pressure of Konstantin Mamontov's cavalry actions into the deep rear of the 8th Army. The Don Army forced the 8th Army to retreat bey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voronezh
Voronezh ( rus, links=no, Воро́неж, p=vɐˈronʲɪʂ}) is a city and the administrative centre of Voronezh Oblast in southwestern Russia straddling the Voronezh River, located from where it flows into the Don River. The city sits on the Southeastern Railway, which connects western Russia with the Urals and Siberia, the Caucasus and Ukraine, and the M4 highway (Moscow–Voronezh–Rostov-on-Don– Novorossiysk). In recent years the city has experienced rapid population growth, rising in 2021 to 1,057,681, up from 889,680 recorded in the 2010 Census; making it the fourteenth most populous city in the country. Geography Urban layout Information about the original urban layout of Voronezh is contained in the "Patrol Book" of 1615. At that time, the city fortress was logged and located on the banks of the Voronezh River. In plan, it was an irregular quadrangle with a perimeter of about 130 fathoms (238 m), that is, it was very small: inside it, due to lack of space, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Front Of The Russian Civil War
The Southern Front of the Russian Civil War was a theatre of the Russian Civil War. Don revolts and formation of the Volunteer Army In the aftermath of the October Revolution, politicians and army officers hostile to the Bolsheviks gravitated to the Don Cossack Host after its ataman, General Aleksey Kaledin, publicly offered sanctuary to opponents of the Soviet regime. Among those seeking refuge in the Don was the former chief of staff of the tsarist army, General Mikhail Alekseyev, who immediately began organizing a military unit to oppose both the Bolsheviks and the Central Powers. Alekseyev was soon joined by other prominent tsarist generals, including the charismatic Lavr Kornilov. The two men, along with Kaledin, assumed top roles in the anticommunist White movement taking shape in the Don region during the winter of 1917 – 18. Militarily, the White forces remained weak into the spring of 1918. The ranks of the Volunteer Army formed by Alekseyev and Kornilov never ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armed Forces Of South Russia
The Armed Forces of South Russia (AFSR or SRAF) () were the unified military forces of the White movement in southern Russia between 1919 and 1920. On 8 January 1919, the Armed Forces of South Russia were formed, incorporating the Volunteer Army and the Don Army. Subsequently, it included the Crimean-Azov Army, the Forces of Northern Caucasus and the Turkestan Army. By October 1919, the army had 150,000 soldiers, which included 48,000 horsemen. The British had supplied 280,000 rifles, 4,898 machine guns, 917 cannons, 102 tanks, 194 airplanes 1,335 automobiles, 112 tractors, and what became known as Wrangel's fleet. In May 1919, Denikin reorganized the Armed Forces of South Russia. Vladimir May-Mayevsky took command of the Volunteer Army, known formerly as the Caucasian Volunteer Army. Sidorin took command of the Don army, while Wrangel took command of the Caucasian Army, consisting mainly of the Kuban Cossacks. The Caucasus Army disbanded on 29 January 1920 and was replace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left SR Uprising
The Left SR uprising, or Left SR revolt, was an uprising against the Bolsheviks by the Left Socialist Revolutionary Party. The uprising started on 6 July 1918 and was claimed to be intended to restart the war against Germany.Boniece, Sally A. link "Don Quixotes of the Revolution"? The Left SRs as a Mass Political Movement Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 5.1 (2004) 185–194 It was one of a number of left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks that took place during the Russian Civil War. Background The revolt was led by the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries in Moscow. Previously, the Socialist Revolutionary Party had supported the continuation of the war by the Provisional Government after the February Revolution of 1917. The Bolshevik Party came to power in November 1917 through the simultaneous election in the soviets and an organized uprising supported by military mutiny. Several of the main reasons the population supported the Bolsheviks were to end the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The army was established in January 1918. The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War. Starting in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the Soviet Navy, embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces; taking the official name of "Soviet Army", until its dissolution in 1991. The Red Army provided the largest land force in the Allied victory in the European theatre of World War II, and its invasion of Manchuria assisted the unconditional surrender of Imperial Japan. During operations on the Eastern Front, it accounted for 75–80% of casual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexey Kaledin
Aleksei Maksimovich Kaledin (russian: Алексе́й Макси́мович Каледи́н; 24 October 1861 – 11 February 1918) was a Don Cossack Cavalry General who led the Don Cossack White movement in the opening stages of the Russian Civil War. Early Years Kaledin attended the Mikhaylovskoye Artillery School and the General Staff Academy (Imperial Russia), General Staff Academy. World War I Kaledin served as a cavalry commander at the beginning of the war, before taking over command of a cavalry corps, and rising to the rank of General of the Cavalry. He was then assigned command of the 8th Army (Russian Empire), 8th Army on the Southwest Front, and participated in the Brusilov offensive. Kaledin spoke at the Moscow State Conference, stating "all Soviets and committees must be abolished, both in the army and in the rear." Following the Kornilov affair, Kaledin retreated back to Novocherkassk, and protection of the ''voisko'', to avoid arrest by the Provisional Governm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolshevik Party
" Hymn of the Bolshevik Party" , headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow , general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last) , founded = , banned = , founder = Vladimir Lenin , newspaper = ''Pravda'' , position = Far-left , international = , religion = State Atheism , predecessor = Bolshevik faction of the RSDLP , successor = UCP–CPSU , youth_wing = Little OctobristsKomsomol , wing1 = Young Pioneers , wing1_title = Pioneer wing , affiliation1_title = , affiliation1 = Bloc of Communists and Non-Partisans (1936–1991) , membership = 19,487,822 (early 1989 ) , ideology = , colours = Red , country = the Soviet Union The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU),; abbreviated in Russian as or also known by various other names during its history, was the founding and ruling party of the Soviet Unio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6th Army Corps (Russian Empire)
The 6th Army Corps was an Army corps in the Imperial Russian Army. Composition * 4th Infantry Division * 16th Infantry Division * 4th Cavalry Division Part of * 2nd Army: 1914 * 10th Army: 1914 * 1st Army: 1914 *2nd Army: 1915 * 11th Army: 1917 Commanders *1877: Vasily Fedorovich Rall *1878-1883: Christopher Roop *1889-1900: Alexei Kulgachev *1900-1901: Oskar Grippenberg *1904-1905: Arkady Skugarevsky *1906-1909: Nikolai Khitrovo *1909-1910: Konstantin Alekseev *1912-1914: Alexander Blagoveshchensky *1914: Pyotr Baluyev *1914-1916: Vasily Gurko Vasily Iosifovich Romeyko-Gurko (russian: Васи́лий Ио́сифович Роме́йко-Гу́рко; 20 May 1864 in Tsarskoye Selo – 11 February 1937) served for a brief period as a Chief-of-Staff of the Imperial Russian Army before b ... *1916-1917: Aleksei Gutor References {{Russian Empire Ground Forces Corps of the Russian Empire Military units and formations established in 1877 Military units and formations disestab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4th Cavalry Division (Russian Empire)
The 4th Cavalry Division (russian: 4-я кавалерийская дивизия , ''4-ya Kavaleriiskaya Diviziya'') was a cavalry formation of the Russian Imperial Army. Organization *1st Cavalry Brigade **4th Regiment of Dragoons **4th Uhlan Regiment *2nd Cavalry Brigade **4th Regiment of Hussars **4th Regiment of Cossacks *4th Horse Artillery Division Commanders *07.27.1875 - хх.хх.1877 - Lieutenant General Krylov, Evgeny Timofeevich *09/15/1877 - хх.хх.1878 - major general (from 16.04.1878 lieutenant general) Arnoldi, Alexander Ivanovich *хх.хх.1878 - after 06/01/1883 - Lieutenant General Pope Afanasopulo, Georgy Ilyich *06/26/1883 - 01/07/1892 - major general (from 30.08.1886 lieutenant general) Strukov, Alexander Petrovich *01/22/1892 - 08/03/1897 - major general (from 30/30/1894 lieutenant general) Timiryazev, Nikolai Arkadyevich *09/12/1897 - 03/02/1899 - Major General Charkovsky, Pyotr Vladimirovich *1899–1901: Georgi Skalon *1901–1903: Vladimir Viktorovic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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