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Yves Petroff
Yves Petroff is a French scientist and the former director of the Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron in Campinas, Brazil, where he oversaw the completion of Sirius, among the first synchrotron light sources to feature a diffraction-limited storage ring. Petroff completed his PhD at the Ecole normale supérieure, before becoming a National Science Foundation Fellow in the Department of Physics at the University of California, Berkeley from 1971 to 1974. He then moved back to France in Orsay to start the first beamline on the ACO storage ring. In 1976 he became a senior researcher (Directeur de Recherche) at CNRS, and was the director of the LURE synchrotron from 1980 to 1990. In 1993 he became the scientific director of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) until 2001. From 2003 to 2005 he was the president of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP ) is an international non-governmental or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laboratório Nacional De Luz Síncrotron
Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron (; LNLS) is the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory, a research institution on physics, chemistry, material science and life sciences. It is located in the city of Campinas, sub-district of Barão Geraldo, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The Center, which is operated by the Brazilian Center of Research in Energy and Materials ( CNPEM) under a contract with the National Research Council (CNPq) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of Brazil, has the only particle accelerator (a synchrotron) in Latin America, which was designed and built in Brazil by a team of physicists, technicians and engineers. Currently, the Brazilian Synchrotron has 15 different beamlines in operation for its user community, covering energies ranging from a few electronvolts to tens of kiloelectronvolts. The uses include: *X-Ray Diffraction *Macromolecule Crystallography *Small Angle X-Ray Scattering *X-Ray Absorption and Fluorescence Spectroscopy *UV and Soft X- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campinas
Campinas (, ''Plains'' or ''Meadows'') is a Brazilian municipality in São Paulo State, part of the country's Southeast Region. According to the 2020 estimate, the city's population is 1,213,792, making it the fourteenth most populous Brazilian city and the third most populous municipality in São Paulo state. The city's metropolitan area, Metropolitan Region of Campinas, contains twenty municipalities with a total population of 3,656,363 people. Etymology Campinas means ''grass fields'' in Portuguese and refers to its characteristic landscape, which originally comprised large stretches of dense subtropical forests (mato grosso or thick woods in Portuguese), mainly along the many rivers, interspersed with gently rolling hills covered by low-lying vegetation. Campinas' official crest and flag has a picture of the mythical bird, the phoenix, because it was practically reborn after a devastating epidemic of yellow fever in the 1800s, which killed more than 25% of the city's inhabi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sirius (synchrotron Light Source)
Sirius is a diffraction-limited storage ring synchrotron light source at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS) in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. It has a circumference of , a diameter of , and an electron energy of 3 GeV. The produced synchrotron radiation covers the range of infrared, optical, ultraviolet and X-ray light. Costing R$1.8 billion, it was funded by the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communications (Brazil) and the São Paulo Research Foundation. Discussion started in 2008, and initial funding of R$2 million was granted in 2009. Construction started in 2015, and was finished in 2018. The first electron loop around the storage ring was achieved in November 2019. Its first experiments were made during COVID-19 pandemic at MANACÁ beamline, dedicated to macromolecular crystallography. Sirius is the second synchrotron lightsource constructed in Brazil. The first one, UVX, was a second generation machine operated by LNLS from 1997 to 2019 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synchrotron Light Source
A synchrotron light source is a source of electromagnetic radiation (EM) usually produced by a storage ring, for scientific and technical purposes. First observed in synchrotrons, synchrotron light is now produced by storage rings and other specialized particle accelerators, typically accelerating electrons. Once the high-energy electron beam has been generated, it is directed into auxiliary components such as bending magnets and insertion devices (undulators or wigglers) in storage rings and free electron lasers. These supply the strong magnetic fields perpendicular to the beam which are needed to convert high energy electrons into photons. The major applications of synchrotron light are in condensed matter physics, materials science, biology and medicine. A large fraction of experiments using synchrotron light involve probing the structure of matter from the sub-nanometer level of electronic structure to the micrometer and millimeter level important in medical imaging. An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diffraction-limited Storage Ring
Diffraction-limited storage rings (DLSR), or ultra-low emittance storage rings, are synchrotron light sources where the emittance of the electron-beam in the storage ring is smaller or comparable to the emittance of the x-ray photon beam they produce at the end of their insertion devices. These facilities operate in the soft to hard x-ray range (100eV—100keV) with extremely high brilliance (in the order of 1021—1022 photons/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1%BW) Together with X-ray free-electron lasers, they constitute the fourth generation of light sources, characterized by a relatively high coherent flux (in the order of 1014—1015photons/s/0.1%BW for DLSR) and enable extended physical and chemical characterizations at the nano-scale. Existing diffraction-limited storage rings *MAX IV Laboratory, in Lund, Sweden. *Sirius, in Campinas, Brazil *European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Extremely Brilliant SourceESRF-EBS, in Grenoble, France DLSR upgrade or facilities under construction * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Science Foundation
The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent agency of the United States government that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National Institutes of Health. With an annual budget of about $8.3 billion (fiscal year 2020), the NSF funds approximately 25% of all federally supported basic research conducted by the United States' colleges and universities. In some fields, such as mathematics, computer science, economics, and the social sciences, the NSF is the major source of federal backing. The NSF's director and deputy director are appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate, whereas the 24 president-appointed members of the National Science Board (NSB) do not require Senate confirmation. The director and deputy director are responsible for administration, planning, budgeting and day-to-day operations of the foundation, while t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant university and the founding campus of the University of California system. Its fourteen colleges and schools offer over 350 degree programs and enroll some 31,800 undergraduate and 13,200 graduate students. Berkeley ranks among the world's top universities. A founding member of the Association of American Universities, Berkeley hosts many leading research institutes dedicated to science, engineering, and mathematics. The university founded and maintains close relationships with three national laboratories at Berkeley, Livermore and Los Alamos, and has played a prominent role in many scientific advances, from the Manhattan Project and the discovery of 16 chemical elements to breakthroughs in computer science and genomics. Berkeley is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orsay
Orsay () is a Communes of France, commune in the Essonne Departments of France, department in Île-de-France in northern France. It is located in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France, from the Kilometre Zero, centre of Paris. A fortified location of the Vallée de Chevreuse, Chevreuse valley since the 8th century and agricultural domain of wealthy and influential people, the development of Orsay is marked by the introduction of a Rail transport, railroad in the second half of the 18th century (today the RER B of which two stations are located in Orsay) and donations which allow the construction of a hospital still active to this day. Orsay is the main home to the Paris-Saclay University. The university significantly shapes Orsay's economy as it employs about 10,000 academic workers. The city's economy is also centered on high technology, with several companies drawn to the area by the Paris-Saclay's research and development infrastructure. Seat of the Orsay campus of Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CNRS
The French National Centre for Scientific Research (french: link=no, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, CNRS) is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In 2016, it employed 31,637 staff, including 11,137 tenured researchers, 13,415 engineers and technical staff, and 7,085 contractual workers. It is headquartered in Paris and has administrative offices in Brussels, Beijing, Tokyo, Singapore, Washington, D.C., Bonn, Moscow, Tunis, Johannesburg, Santiago de Chile, Israel, and New Delhi. From 2009 to 2016, the CNRS was ranked No. 1 worldwide by the SCImago Institutions Rankings (SIR), an international ranking of research-focused institutions, including universities, national research centers, and companies such as Facebook or Google. The CNRS ranked No. 2 between 2017 and 2021, then No. 3 in 2022 in the same SIR, after the Chinese Academy of Sciences and before universities such as Harvard University, MIT, or Stanford ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Synchrotron Radiation Facilities
This is a table of synchrotrons and storage rings used as synchrotron radiation sources, and free electron laser A free-electron laser (FEL) is a (fourth generation) light source producing extremely brilliant and short pulses of radiation. An FEL functions and behaves in many ways like a laser, but instead of using stimulated emission from atomic or molecula ...s. External links List from lightsources.org(includes links to individual light sources' websites) BioSync– a structural biologist's resource for high energy data collection facilities (includes links and instrument information for biological beamlines) X-ray Data Bookletref name=Xdb> References {{DEFAULTSORT:Synchrotron radiation facilities Free-electron lasers * Physics-related lists * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) is a joint research facility situated in Grenoble, France, supported by 22 countries (13 member countries: France, Germany, Italy, the UK, Spain, Switzerland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Russia; and 9 associate countries: Austria, Portugal, Israel, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, India and South Africa). Some 8,000 scientists visit this particle accelerator each year, conducting upwards of 2,000 experiments and producing around 1,800 scientific publications. History Inaugurated in September 1994, it has an annual budget of around 100 million euros, employs over 630 people and is host to more than visiting scientists each year. In 2009, the ESRF began a first major improvement in its capacities. With the creation of the new ultra-stable experimental hall of 8,000 m2 in 2015, its X-rays are 100 times more powerful, with a power of 100 billion times that of hospital radiography d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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