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Yokutsan
Yokuts, formerly known as Mariposa, is an endangered language spoken in the interior of Northern and Central California in and around the San Joaquin Valley by the Yokuts people. The speakers of Yokuts were severely affected by disease, missionaries, and the Gold Rush. While descendants of Yokuts speakers currently number in the thousands, most of the constituent dialects are now extinct. The Yawelmani dialect of Valley Yokuts has been a focus of much linguistic research. Dialects The Yokuts language consists of half a dozen primary dialects. An estimated forty linguistically distinct groups existed before Euro-American contact. The following classification appears in Whistler & Golla (1986). Poso Creek * Palewyami Yokuts (also known as Poso Creek, Altinin) General Yokuts (all others) * Buena Vista :: :: * Nim :* :: :: :: :* ::* ::* ::: ::: ::: ::: ::* (see) Speakers and language revitalization Most Yokuts dialects are extinct, as noted above. Those that are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penutian
Penutian is a proposed grouping of language families that includes many Native American languages of western North America, predominantly spoken at one time in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California. The existence of a Penutian stock or phylum has been the subject of debate among specialists. Even the unity of some of its component families has been disputed. Some of the problems in the comparative study of languages within the phylum are the result of their early extinction and limited documentation. Some of the more recently proposed subgroupings of Penutian have been convincingly demonstrated. The Miwokan and the Costanoan languages have been grouped into an Utian language family by Catherine Callaghan. Callaghan has more recently provided evidence supporting a grouping of Utian and Yokutsan into a Yok-Utian family. There also seems to be convincing evidence for the Plateau Penutian grouping (originally named ''Shahapwailutan'' by J. N. B. Hewitt and John Wesle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yokutsan Lang Tree
Yokuts, formerly known as Mariposa, is an endangered language spoken in the interior of Northern and Central California in and around the San Joaquin Valley by the Yokuts people. The speakers of Yokuts were severely affected by disease, missionaries, and the Gold Rush. While descendants of Yokuts speakers currently number in the thousands, most of the constituent dialects are now extinct. The Yawelmani dialect of Valley Yokuts has been a focus of much linguistic research. Dialects The Yokuts language consists of half a dozen primary dialects. An estimated forty linguistically distinct groups existed before Euro-American contact. The following classification appears in Whistler & Golla (1986). Poso Creek * Palewyami Yokuts (also known as Poso Creek, Altinin) General Yokuts (all others) * Buena Vista :: :: * Nim :* :: :: :: :* ::* ::* ::: ::: ::: ::: ::* (see) Speakers and language revitalization Most Yokuts dialects are extinct, as noted above. Those that are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gashowu Yokuts
Gashowu was a Yokutsan language of California, spoken by the Gashowu Yokuts, or Casson. See also *Casson *Yokutsan languages Yokuts, formerly known as Mariposa, is an endangered language spoken in the interior of Northern and Central California in and around the San Joaquin Valley by the Yokuts people. The speakers of Yokuts were severely affected by disease, missio ... External links Gashowu, California Language Archive Comparison of sounds in Gashowu and other Yokutsan languages * {{Languages of California Yokutsan languages Extinct languages of North America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kings River Yokuts
Kings River was a Yokutsan language of California. Dialects There were four dialects of Kings River, ''Chukaymina, Michahay, Ayitcha'' ( ''Kocheyali),'' and ''Choynimni''. See also *Yokutsan languages Yokuts, formerly known as Mariposa, is an endangered language spoken in the interior of Northern and Central California in and around the San Joaquin Valley by the Yokuts people. The speakers of Yokuts were severely affected by disease, missio ... External links Kings River Yokuts, California Language Archive* {{Languages of California Yokutsan languages Extinct languages of North America Kings River (California) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hometwoli Dialect
Hometwoli (also known as Humetwadi) was a dialect of Buena Vista Yokuts spoken in the southern portion of the Tulare Basin of California near Kern Lake. Out of the group of Yokuts dialects designated by Kroeber as "Foothill Yokuts," Hometwoli was reportedly the most divergent. Name Hometwoli means "Southerners" and is a variant of the term "Homtinin," used by multiple Yokuts peoples to refer to their southern neighbors. Phonology Hometwoli is the only dialect of Buena Vista Yokuts with central vowel phonemes. Counting system Hometwoli varies from other Yokutsan languages in its word for "six," which derives from the same word stem In linguistics, a word stem is a part of a word responsible for its lexical meaning. The term is used with slightly different meanings depending on the morphology of the language in question. In Athabaskan linguistics, for example, a verb stem ... in all other dialects. The Hometwoli word for "six" shows similarities with the word for "ni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valley Yokuts
Valley Yokuts is a dialect cluster of the Yokutsan language family of California. Chukchansi, which is still spoken natively, has language classes and a preschool for children. It is also taught at a local elementary school. Though there are no longer any native speakers, Tachi has a Headstart language program. Varieties Valley Yokuts is sometimes considered three languages. * † : : : : * : : : : : * : : : : : : : Of these, ''Yawelmani'' ,Laurie Bauer, 2007, ''The Linguistics Student’s Handbook'', Edinburgh also known as ''Yowlumni'', is the best known. See also Chukchansi dialect. Grammar * ablaut * suffix : ''deeyi'' 'to lead' : ''deeyen'' 'he will lead' : ''deyhin'' 'he led' : ''diyhatinhin'' 'he wanted to lead' : ''diyee’iy'' 'place where one got the lead' (subjective) : ''diyaa’an'' 'he is leading' : ''deydiyen'' 'he will lead repeatedly' : ''diyidyiisaahin ’anam'' 'they led each other repeatedly' : ''diyeediyic’'' 'one who is lead ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tachi Yokuts
Tachi is an endangered dialect of Southern Valley Yokuts historically spoken north of Tulare Lake in the Central Valley of California. A. L. Kroeber estimated that Tachi was, at one point, one of the most widely spoken Yokutsan dialects. As of 2019, a few individuals of the Santa Rosa Rancheria are reportedly able to speak Tachi. Grammar Tachi has been described as following a subject–verb–object word order though may allow for verb-initial order. The dialect uses dative case In grammar, the dative case (abbreviated , or sometimes when it is a core argument) is a grammatical case used in some languages to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action, as in "Maria Jacobo potum dedit", Latin for "Maria gave Jacob a ... and lacks possessed case. Status Speakers In 1988, an estimated 30 individuals spoke Tachi, including a number who spoke Tachi as a first language. Revival efforts In 1987, the Santa Rosa Rancheria piloted a language renewal program, Tach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chukchansi Dialect
Chukchansi (Chuk'chansi) is a dialect of Foothill and Valley Yokuts spoken in and around the Picayune Rancheria of Chukchansi Indians, in the San Joaquin Valley of California, by the Chukchansi band of Yokuts. As of 2011, there were eight native speakers. Preservation efforts In May 2012, the Linguistics Department of Fresno State University received a $1 million grant to compile a Chuckchansi dictionary and grammar texts, and to "provide support for scholarships, programs, and efforts to assemble native texts and create a curriculum for teaching the language so it can be brought back into social and ritual use." The five-year grant was provided by the Picayune Rancheria of the Chukchansi Indians from funds generated by the Chukchansi Gold Resort & Casino, and is expected to speed existing volunteer efforts by CSU Fresno faculty to document and teach the language. However, the grant has also been criticized in connection with recent disenrollments of Chuckchansi tribal members. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tule-Kaweah Yokuts
Tule-Kaweah is a Yokuts dialect of California. Wukchumni, the last surviving dialect, had only one native or fluent speaker, Marie Wilcox (both native and fluent), who compiled a dictionary of the language.‘Who Speaks Wukchumni?’ , 19 Aug 2014. “Marie's dictionary”, a short documentary by Emmanuel Vaughan-Lee, is about her dictionary. She also recorded an oral version of the dictionary. Together with her daughter Jennifer, Marie Wilcox taught weekly classes to interested members of their tribe. Marie Wilcox died on September 25, 2021. Dialects There were three subdialects of Tule-Kaweah, '' |
Tulamni
Tulamni was a dialect of the Buena Vista Yokuts language spoken by the Yokuts around Buena Vista Lake, California California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori .... References {{Yokuts navbox Yokutsan languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choinimni
Choynimni (also spelled Choinumne) is a dialect of Kings River Yokuts historically spoken along the Kings River between Sanger and Mill Creek (near Piedra). The language is the best documented dialect of Kings River Yokuts. Information on the language was collected by Clinton Hart Merriam and Stanley Newman. Fluent speakers Jennie Irene Oliver, one of the last fully fluent speaker of Choynimni died in 2022 at the age of 83. Living members of the tribe retain knowledge of Choynimni including an estimated half dozen speakers. Revitalization effort Efforts to revitalize the language have been organized through the California State University, Fresno California State University, Fresno (Fresno State) is a public university in Fresno, California. It is one of 23 campuses in the California State University system. The university had a fall 2020 enrollment of 25,341 students. It offers bachelo ... Department of Linguistics. References Endangered Yokutsan languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choynimni Dialect
Choynimni (also spelled Choinumne) is a dialect of Kings River Yokuts historically spoken along the Kings River between Sanger and Mill Creek (near Piedra). The language is the best documented dialect of Kings River Yokuts. Information on the language was collected by Clinton Hart Merriam and Stanley Newman. Fluent speakers Jennie Irene Oliver, one of the last fully fluent speaker of Choynimni died in 2022 at the age of 83. Living members of the tribe retain knowledge of Choynimni including an estimated half dozen speakers. Revitalization effort Efforts to revitalize the language have been organized through the California State University, Fresno California State University, Fresno (Fresno State) is a public university in Fresno, California. It is one of 23 campuses in the California State University system. The university had a fall 2020 enrollment of 25,341 students. It offers bachelo ... Department of Linguistics. References Endangered Yokutsan languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
