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Yojuanes
The Yojuane were a people who lived in Texas in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. They were closely associated with the Jumano and may have also been related to the Tonkawa. They have no connection to the Yowani in Texas, a Choctaw band. Etymology It has been proposed on little evidence that the tribe got its name because one of its members when asked who they were replied "yo Juan". Language Many scholars starting with Herbert E. Bolton have held the view that the Yojuane spoke the Tonkawa language or a language related to it. However Gary Anderson argues that the Yojuane spoke the same language or a related language to the Jumano Indians and that this was a Uto-Aztecan language, largely based on the ability of Nahuatl speakers to converse with the Jumano and Yojuane when they first met as part of the Spanish expeditions. History The Yojuane were first mentioned by Spanish chroniclers about 1690. At this time they were led by a man named Cantana who had been on occasion to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of The Twin Villages
The Battle of the Two Villages was a Spanish attack on Taovaya villages in Texas and Oklahoma by a Spanish army in 1759. The Spanish were defeated by the Taovaya and other Wichita tribes with assistance from the Comanche. Background The San Saba Mission was established in April 1757 near the site of present day Menard, Texas. Three miles away, a military post, Presidio San Luis de las Amarillas, was established at the same time to protect the Mission. The purpose of the Mission was to convert and pacify the Lipan Apache and extend Spanish influence into the Great Plains. The Spanish also wished to check the increase in French influence among the Indians on their northern frontier. The establishment of the Mission inflamed the Indians of northern Texas, called "Norteños" by the Spanish. The Norteños included the nomadic Comanche, the village-dwelling Wichita tribes, (the Taovaya, Iscani, and Wichita proper), and Tonkawan tribes. On March 16, 1758, an Indian army, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonkawa
The Tonkawa are a Native American tribe indigenous to present-day Oklahoma. Their Tonkawa language, now extinct, is a linguistic isolate. Today, Tonkawa people are enrolled in the federally recognized Tonkawa Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma. Name The Tonkawa's autonym is (meaning "real people"). The name Tonkawa is derived from the Waco tribal word, ', meaning "they all stay together". Economy The Tonkawa tribe operates a number of businesses which have an annual economic impact of over $10,860,657 (as of 2011). Along with several smoke shops, the tribe runs 3 different casinos: Tonkawa Indian Casino and Tonkawa Gasino located in Tonkawa, Oklahoma, and the Native Lights Casino in Newkirk, Oklahoma. Events The annual Tonkawa Powwow is held on the last weekend in June to commemorate the end of the tribe's own Trail of Tears when the tribe was forcefully removed and relocated from its traditional lands to present-day Oklahoma. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ervipiames
The Ervipiame or Hierbipiame were a Native people of modern Coahuila and Texas. Beginning in the 16th century Spanish settlement in what is today Northern Mexico and the accompanying diseases and slave raiding to supply ranches and mines with Native American labor had disruptive effects upon the inhabitants of region, by the 17th century clearly disrupting the lower Rio Grande Valley. The Erviapiame lived primarily on the western or southern side of the Rio Grande in what is today Coahuila, primarily to the south of modern Guerrero, Coahuila. Some of them entered Mission San Juan Bautista and Mission San Francisco Vizzaron when these missions were founded about 1700. Later the Ervipiame were one of several people that lived in the Rancheria Grande along the Brazos River in what is today eastern Texas. They lived there by the 1710s. By 1719 they were led by a man named El Cuilón who the Spanish tried to set up as the leader of the Rancheria Grande. In 1722 El Cuilón lead a gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayeye
The Mayeye were a Tonkawa language–speaking Native American people, who once lived in southeastern Texas. Coastal Mayeyes likely were absorbed into Karankawa communities. Inland Mayeyes likely joined larger Tonkawa communities. Name Their name was also written as Macheye, Maheye, Maiece, Maieye, Malleye, Maye, Meghay, and Muleye. History The Mayeye lived in the Rancheria Grande along the Brazos River in what is today eastern Texas. In the 1830s some Mayeye were among the Native Americans living at Mission San Antonio de Valero. At least some of the Mayeye at that location returned to the Brazos River region, against the will of the missionaries at the mission. Although the baptized Mayeye did not like being so far from their non-mission relatives, they did see some advantages to the mission system. They along with the Yojuanes, Ervipiames, Deadoses, and Bidais sought a Spanish mission in their land to give them a military advantage against the Lipan Apaches in 1745. The May ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonkawa Language
The Tonkawa language was spoken in Oklahoma, Texas, and New Mexico by the Tonkawa people. A language isolate, with no known related languages, ''Tonkawa'' has not had L1 (first language) speakers since the mid 1900s. Most Tonkawa people now only speak English. Phonology Vowels Tonkawa has 10 vowels: * Each vowel is distinguished by the quality of sound and the length of the vowel. * The vowels occur in five pairs that have differing vowel lengths (i.e. short vowels vs. long vowels). * In the front and the mid back vowel pairs, the short vowels are phonetically lower than their long counterparts: → , → , → . * The low vowels vary between central and back articulations: . * Vowels that are followed by j and w are slightly raised in their position of articulation Consonants Tonkawa has 15 consonants: * The affricate and fricative vary freely between dental and postalveolar articulations, i.e. and . There is a tendency for to occur at the end of words (but n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuevo Leon
{{disambiguation ...
Nuevo is the Spanish word for "new". It may refer to: * Nuevo, California, a town in the state of California * Nuevo (band), featuring singer and musician Peter Godwin * Nuevo (Bayamón), a settlement in Puerto Rico * "Nuevo", Spanish-language version of "Novo" (song) by Laura Pausini (2018} * ''Nuevo (album)'', a 2002 album by the Kronos Quartet The Kronos Quartet is an American string quartet based in San Francisco. It has been in existence with a rotating membership of musicians for almost 50 years. The quartet covers a very broad range of musical genres, including contemporary classic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iscanis
The Wichita people or Kitikiti'sh are a confederation of Southern Plains Native American tribes. Historically they spoke the Wichita language and Kichai language, both Caddoan languages. They are indigenous to Oklahoma, Texas, and Kansas. Today, Wichita tribes, which include the Kichai people, Waco, Taovaya, Tawakoni, and the Wichita proper (or Guichita), are federally recognized as the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes (Wichita, Keechi, Waco and Tawakoni). Government The Wichita and Affiliated Tribes are headquartered in Anadarko, Oklahoma. Their tribal jurisdictional area is in Caddo County, Oklahoma. The Wichitas are a self-governance tribe, who operate their own housing authority and issue tribal vehicle tags.2011 Oklahoma Indian Nations Pocket Pictorial Directory. ''Oklahoma Indian Affairs C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tawakoni People
The Tawakoni (also Tahuacano and Tehuacana) are a Southern Plains Native American tribe, closely related to the Wichitas. They historically spoke a Wichita language of the Caddoan language family. Currently, they are enrolled in the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes, a federally recognized tribe."Wichita Memories: In the Beginning: 1540-1750." ''Wichita and Affiliated Tribes'' (retrieved 1 May 2010). History At the beginning of the 18th century, the Tawakoni lived in villages in what is now and . In his 1719 expedition, French explorer |
Lipan Apache
Lipan Apache are a band of Apache, a Southern Athabaskan Indigenous people, who have lived in the Southwest and Southern Plains for centuries. At the time of European and African contact, they lived in New Mexico, Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas, and northern Mexico. Historically, they were the easternmost band of Apache.Swanton, ''The Indian Tribes of North America'', p. 301 Early adopters of horse culture and peyotism, the Lipan Apache hunted bison and farmed. Many Lipan Apache descendants today are enrolled members of the Mescalero Apache Tribe in New Mexico.Mescalero Apache Research Report (2020), p. 3. Other Lipan descendants are enrolled with the Tonkawa Tribe of Indians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Gabriel River (Texas)
The San Gabriel River is a river that flows through central Texas, USA. The San Gabriel River is formed in Georgetown by the confluence of the North Fork San Gabriel and the South Fork San Gabriel, both of which originate in Burnet County. There are two major impoundments of the river: Lake Georgetown along the North Fork, and Granger Lake, about 25 miles (40 km) below the confluence. Both are U.S. Army Corps of Engineers impoundments. The San Gabriel River joins the Little River five miles south of Cameron which then meets the Brazos River northwest of College Station. There is a city park in Georgetown at the confluence of the North and South Forks, with a well-known local swimming spot (the "Blue Hole") located just upriver from the confluence on the South Fork. Like most Texas Hill Country rivers, the San Gabriel west of the Balcones Fault is characterized by limestone river bottoms, some moderate rapids, small canyons, and muddy bottoms along slower-moving stretches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Misión San Francisco Javier De Viggé-Biaundó
Misión San Francisco Javier de Viggé-Biaundó was a Spanish mission in San Javier, Baja California Sur, on the Baja California peninsula. It was built during the colonial era of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. The site is in present-day Loreto Municipality of Baja California Sur state. The mission was located at . San Francisco Javier mission was founded by Jesuits of the Roman Catholic church in 1699 and closed in 1817. The missionary's objective was to convert the local Cochimí Native Americans (Indians) to Christianity. A mission church survives and is in use. Etymology The mission was dedicated to Francis Xavier, a Navarrese Catholic missionary and saint who was a co-founder of the Society of Jesus. History The Jesuits established Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó in 1697 in Loreto, but it quickly became obvious that the Loreto site had too little water to be suitable for agriculture and, thus, could not become self-sustaining. The Jesuits were told by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deadoses
The Deadose were a Native American Tribe in present-day Texas closely associated with the Jumano, Yojuane, Bidai and other groups living in the Rancheria Grande of the Brazos River in eastern Texas in the early 18th century. Like other groups in the Rancheria Grande, the Deadose moved to the San Gabriel River missions in the 1740s. The Deadose were along with the Yojuane, Mayeye and Bidai those who requested the Franciscan missionaries to come and set up missions for them. However many of the Deadose as well as the Bidai and Akokisa only went to the vicinity of the missions to trade with the soldiers. They also had set up trade networks that extended to the French in Louisiana. In 1750 the Deadose and their Bidai and Akokisa associates at Mission San Ildefonso left in an alliance with Ais, Hasinai, Kadohadachos, Nabedaches, Yojuanes, Tawakonis, Yatasis, Kichais, Naconis and Tonkawas to attack the Apache The Apache () are a group of culturally related Native American trib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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