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Xuyun
Xuyun or Hsu Yun (; 5 September 1840? – 13 October 1959) was a renowned Chinese Chan Buddhist master and an influential Buddhist teacher of the 19th and 20th centuries. Early life Xuyun was purportedly born on 5 September 1840 in Fujian, Qing China. His original name was Xiao Guyan (). He was the son of Xiao Yutang () and his mother was surnamed Yan (). His mother died during childbirth. Guyan's grandmother insisted that her grandson take a wife. In order to continue both his and his uncle's lineage, Guyan was arranged to marry one woman from the Tian family and one from the Tan family. His first exposure to Buddhism was during the funeral of his grandmother. Soon afterward he began reading Buddhist sutras and later made a pilgrimage to Mount Heng, one of the most important Buddhist sites in China. When he was fourteen years old, he announced that he wished to renounce the material world in favour of monastic life. His father did not approve of Buddhism and had him instru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linji School
The Línjì school () is a school of Chan Buddhism named after Linji Yixuan (d. 866). It took prominence in Song China (960–1279), spread to Japan as the Rinzai school and influenced the nine mountain schools of Korean Seon. History Song dynasty Before the Song dynasty, the Linji school was rather obscure and very little is known about its early history. Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907–960/979 CE) The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period () (907–960/979 CE) was an era of political upheaval between the fall of the Tang dynasty and the founding of the Song. During this period, five dynasties quickly succeeded one another in the north, and more than twelve independent states were established, of which only ten are traditionally listed. This division into various regions and kingdoms led to a diversification of Chan factions, reflected in the Five Houses of Chán. The Fayan school was especially influential in the Southern Tang (937-975) and Wuyue (907-978). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chuanyin
Chuanyin (; born January 30, 1927) is a Chinese Buddhist monk, Chan master and religious leader. He was best known as Venerable Master of the Buddhist Association of China. Early life Chuanyin was born Lü Yudai () in Zhuanghe, Liaoning, on January 30, 1927. Religious life In 1947, he took refuge in the Three Jewels under the master Chongren (), and received complete ordination under Xuyun, in Zhenru Chan Temple, in 1955, as the 9th generation of the Guiyang school. In September 1960, he entered the Buddhist Academy of China, where he graduated in September 1965. After graduation, he was assigned to Zhenru Chan Temple. In 1966, the Cultural Revolution was launched by Mao Zedong, he was transferred to a reclamation farm in Yunjushan as a farmer. After the Cultural Revolution, According to the national policy of free religious belief, he regained his identity as a monk. In the autumn of 1978, he settled at Guoqing Temple in Tiantai County, Zhejiang. In December 1979, he was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhenru Temple, Jiangxi
The Zhenru Chan Temple () is a Chan Buddhist temple located on the southwestern hillside of Mount Yunju in Yongxiu County Yongxiu () is a county under the administration of Jiujiang City in northern Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China, on the western shores of Poyang Lake. , the county has a total population of 361,000 residing in an area of . Bordering c ..., Jiangxi, China. Zhenru Chan Temple is the cradle of Caodong school in Chinese Buddhism. The temple has been burned down and rebuilt several times due to wars and fires. The present version was completed in the 1950s. History Tang dynasty The Zhenru Temple was built between 806 and 810 during the mid-Tang dynasty (618–907) by monk Daorong, where he taught Chan Buddhism with his disciples Quanqing () and Quanhui () for almost 70 years. In the year 883 during the reign of Emperor Xizong of Tang, Emperor Xizong, the local military governor Zhong Chuan () invited master Daoying () to the temple to preach Bud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weiyang School
The Guiyang school (, also read Weiyang School) is one of the sects of Chan Buddhism. History The Guiyang school was the first established house of the Five Houses of Chán. Guiyang is named after master Guishan Lingyou (771–854) and his disciple, Yangshan Huiji (813–890). Guishan was a disciple of Baizhang Huaihai, the Chan master whose disciples included Huangbo Xiyun, who in turn taught Linji Yixuan, founder of the Linji school.Ven. Jian Hu. "Buddhism in the Modern World" Stanford University, May 25, 2006, p. 1 After founding the Guiyang School, Yangshan moved his school to what is now modern Jiangxi. The Guiyang school is distinct from the other schools in many ways, notably in its use of esoteric metaphors and imagery in the school's kōans and other teachings. Lineage Absorption into the Linji school Over the course of Song Dynasty (960–1279), the Guiyang school, along with the Fayan and Yunmen schools were absorbed into the Linji school. Xuyun Xuyun or Hsu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yicheng (monk)
Yicheng (; 2 February 1927 – 21 December 2017) was a Chinese Buddhist monk, Chan master and religious leader. Yicheng was best known as Venerable Master of the Buddhist Association of China. Early life Yicheng was born Zhou Yunsheng () into a family of farming background in Wangcheng County, Changsha, Hunan, during the Republic of China. He studied rockwork and architecture under his father when he was ten years old. Religious life At age 15, he paid a religious homage to Wushan Temple () and wrote a Gatha when he stood in front of the statue of Gautama Buddha. In June 1949, Yicheng took refuge in the Three Jewels under master Mingxin () in Xixin Chan Temple, and received complete ordination under Xuyun in the winter of 1956, as the 10th generation of the Guiyang school and the 45th generation of the Linji school, in Nanhua Temple, Shaoguan, south China's Guangdong province. In 1956, he entered the Research Institute of Buddhist Studies, which was founded by Hsu Yun and w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermit
A hermit, also known as an eremite (adjectival form: hermitic or eremitic) or solitary, is a person who lives in seclusion. Eremitism plays a role in a variety of religions. Description In Christianity, the term was originally applied to a Christian who lives the eremitic life out of a religious conviction, namely the Desert Theology of the Old Testament (i.e., the 40 years wandering in the desert that was meant to bring about a change of heart). In the Christian tradition the eremitic life is an early form of monastic living that preceded the monastic life in the cenobium. In chapter 1, the Rule of St Benedict lists hermits among four kinds of monks. In the Roman Catholic Church, in addition to hermits who are members of religious institutes, the Canon law (canon 603) recognizes also diocesan hermits under the direction of their bishop as members of the consecrated life. The same is true in many parts of the Anglican Communion, including the Episcopal Church in the Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhenru Temple (Jiangxi)
The Zhenru Chan Temple () is a Chan Buddhist temple located on the southwestern hillside of Mount Yunju in Yongxiu County, Jiangxi, China. Zhenru Chan Temple is the cradle of Caodong school in Chinese Buddhism. The temple has been burned down and rebuilt several times due to wars and fires. The present version was completed in the 1950s. History Tang dynasty The Zhenru Temple was built between 806 and 810 during the mid-Tang dynasty (618–907) by monk Daorong, where he taught Chan Buddhism with his disciples Quanqing () and Quanhui () for almost 70 years. In the year 883 during the reign of Emperor Xizong, the local military governor Zhong Chuan () invited master Daoying () to the temple to preach Buddhism. The emperor bestowed a plaque inscribed by with Chinese characters of "Longchang Chan Temple" (). Yuan dynasty In the late Yuan dynasty (1127–1368), a fire consumed the whole temple. Ming dynasty In 1592, in the 20th year of Wanli period in the Ming dynasty (13 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benhuan
Benhuan (; 21 September 1907 – 2 April 2012) was a Buddhist monk, Chan master and religious leader in China. He held several abbatial posts, such as being first abbot of the Hongfa Temple in Shenzhen, Guangdong. He was also the honorary president of the Buddhist Association of China in 2010, holding the position until his death in 2012. Early life Benhuan was born as Zhang Zhishan () in 1907 in Xinzhou, Hubei Province. He went to the old-style private school when he was 7 years old and became an apprentice in the local grocery store. When in his twenties, Zhang gave up home life and took tonsure in the Baoen Temple. Religious life In 1930, he went to Baotong Temple to receive and uphold precepts in Wuchang. In that same year, he came to the Gaoyu Temple and formally acknowledged Laiguo as his master, where he spent 7 years in practicing the Dharma. In February 1937, he spared no effort to worship at the shrine on Mount Wutai and then lived in Bishan temple. Two years later, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dharma
Dharma (; sa, धर्म, dharma, ; pi, dhamma, italic=yes) is a key concept with multiple meanings in Indian religions, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism and others. Although there is no direct single-word translation for ''dharma'' in European languages, it is commonly translated as "righteousness", "merit" or "religious and moral duties" governing individual conduct.Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. (9 April 2019)Dharma. ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Accessed 14 September 2021. In Hinduism, dharma is one of the four components of the ''Puruṣārtha'', the aims of life, and signifies behaviours that are considered to be in accord with '' Ṛta'', the order that makes life and universe possible. It includes duties, rights, laws, conduct, virtues and "right way of living".see: *"Dharma", ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', 6th Ed. (2013), Columbia University Press, Gale, ; *Steven Rosen (2006), Essential Hinduism, Praeger, , Chapter 3. It had a transtempor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuzhou
Fuzhou (; , Fuzhounese: Hokchew, ''Hók-ciŭ''), alternately romanized as Foochow, is the capital and one of the largest cities in Fujian province, China. Along with the many counties of Ningde, those of Fuzhou are considered to constitute the Mindong (lit. Eastern Fujian) linguistic and cultural area. Fuzhou lies on the north (left) bank of the estuary of Fujian's largest river, the Min River. All along its northern border lies Ningde, and Ningde's Gutian County lies upriver. Its population was 7,115,370 inhabitants as of the 2010 census, of whom 4,408,076 inhabitants are urban representing around 61.95%, while rural population is at 2,707,294 representing around 38.05%. As of 31 December 2018, the total population was estimated at 7,740,000 whom 4,665,000 lived in the built-up (''or metro'') area made of 5 urban districts plus Minhou County. In 2015, Fuzhou was ranked as the 10th fastest growing metropolitan area in the world by Brookings Institution. Fuzhou is listed as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monk
A monk (, from el, μοναχός, ''monachos'', "single, solitary" via Latin ) is a person who practices religious asceticism by monastic living, either alone or with any number of other monks. A monk may be a person who decides to dedicate their life to serving other people and serving God, or to be an ascetic who voluntarily chooses to leave mainstream society and live their life in prayer and contemplation. The concept is ancient and can be seen in many religions and in philosophy. In the Greek language, the term can apply to women, but in modern English it is mainly in use for men. The word ''nun'' is typically used for female monastics. Although the term ''monachos'' is of Christian origin, in the English language ''monk'' tends to be used loosely also for both male and female ascetics from other religious or philosophical backgrounds. However, being generic, it is not interchangeable with terms that denote particular kinds of monk, such as cenobite, hermit, anchor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
