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Xu Yue
Xu Yue was a second-century mathematician, born in Donglai, in present-day Shandong province, China. Little is known of his life except that he was a student of Liu Hong, an astronomer and mathematician in second century China, and had frequent discussions with the Astronomer-Royal of the Astronomical Bureau. Works Xu Yue wrote a commentary on '' Nine Chapters on Mathematical Art'' and a treatise, ''Notes on Traditions of Arithmetic Methods''. The commentary has been lost but his own work has survived with a commentary from Zhen Luan Zhen Luan (甄鸾) (535 – 566) was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer and daoist who was active during the Northern Zhou (557-581) of the Southern and Northern Dynasties period. Born in the Wuji County of the present day Hubei Province, he is .... ''Notes on Traditions of Arithmetic Methods'' mentions 14 old methods of calculation. This book was a prescribed mathematical text for the Imperial examinations in 656 and became one of '' The Ten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donglai Commandery
Donglai Commandery ( zh, 東萊郡) was a historical Chinese commandery on the Jiaodong Peninsula, existing from Han dynasty to Tang dynasty. Donglai Commandery was likely established during Emperor Jing of Han's reign on the lands of Jiaodong Commandery. In late Western Han dynasty, its territory included 17 counties and marquessates, namely Ye (掖), Chui (腄), Pingdu (平度), Huang (黃), Linqu (臨朐), Qucheng (曲成), Muping (牟平), Dongmu (東牟), Zang (脏), Yuli (育犁), Changyang (昌陽), Buye (不夜), Dangli (當利), Luxiang (盧鄉), Yangle (陽樂), Yangshi (陽石), and Xuxiang (徐鄉). In 140 AD during Eastern Han, the number of counties and marquessates was 13, including Huang, Muping, Jian (惤), Qucheng, Ye, Dangli, Dongmu, Changyang, Luxiang, Gelu (葛盧), Changguang (長廣), Qianzou (黔陬), and Buqi (不其), the last three of which were formerly part of Langya Commandery. During the Jian'an Era of early 3rd century, Qianzou was transferred to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shandong
Shandong ( , ; ; alternately romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China and is part of the East China region. Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history since the beginning of Chinese civilization along the lower reaches of the Yellow River. It has served as a pivotal cultural and religious center for Taoism, Chinese Buddhism and Confucianism. Shandong's Mount Tai is the most revered mountain of Taoism and a site with one of the longest histories of continuous religious worship in the world. The Buddhist temples in the mountains to the south of the provincial capital of Jinan were once among the foremost Buddhist sites in China. The city of Qufu is the birthplace of Confucius and was later established as the center of Confucianism. Confucianism developed from what was later called the Hundred Schools of Thought from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. Shandong's location at the intersection of ancient and modern n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Republic Of China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liu Hong (astronomer)
Liu Hong (129–210), courtesy name Yuanzhuo, was a Chinese astronomer, mathematician, and politician who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty. He developed a work on predicting the passage of the moon which was in use during the Three Kingdoms period of China. Life Liu Hong was from Mengyin County (), Taishan Commandery, which is present-day Mengyin County, Shandong, and was a descendant of Liu Yu, the Prince of Lu, a son of Emperor Jing ( 157–141 BCE). He developed an interest in astronomy at an early age. He was made an officer at the Imperial Astronomy around 160 CE which led to him writing the lost works ''Qi Yao Shu'' (七曜術; ''The Art of the Seven Planets'') and ''Ba Yuan Shu'' (八元術; ''The Art of Eight Elements''). After the death of his father, Liu Hong retired for a short time but then returned to his work, collaborating with Cai Yong on the ''Qian Xiang Li'' (乾象曆; ''Qian Xiang Calendar''). This was considered so advanced for its time that it was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Nine Chapters On The Mathematical Art
''The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art'' () is a Chinese mathematics book, composed by several generations of scholars from the 10th–2nd century BCE, its latest stage being from the 2nd century CE. This book is one of the earliest surviving mathematical texts from China, the first being '' Suan shu shu'' (202 BCE – 186 BCE) and ''Zhoubi Suanjing'' (compiled throughout the Han until the late 2nd century CE). It lays out an approach to mathematics that centres on finding the most general methods of solving problems, which may be contrasted with the approach common to ancient Greek mathematicians, who tended to deduce propositions from an initial set of axioms. Entries in the book usually take the form of a statement of a problem, followed by the statement of the solution and an explanation of the procedure that led to the solution. These were commented on by Liu Hui in the 3rd century. History Original book The full title of ''The Nine Chapters on the Mathemat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhen Luan
Zhen Luan (甄鸾) (535 – 566) was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer and daoist who was active during the Northern Zhou (557-581) of the Southern and Northern Dynasties period. Born in the Wuji County of the present day Hubei Province, he is primarily known for the comments on the ancient mathematical treatises. Proceeding from them, he paid special attention to the "Nine Palaces" calculation technique; his description of the Luo shu represents an early example of textual comment on this scheme. Zhen Luan developed the Tianhe calendar which was implemented in 566 and was current for the next 18 years. Zhen trained in a Daoist congregation, but converted to Buddhism out of disgust with Daoist sexual practices. He wrote the anti-Daoist text '' Xiaodao Lun'' in 570 for Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou. His solid scholarship was commended by Yan Yuan (1635 - 1704). Literature * Schuyler Cammann Schuyler Van Rensselaer Cammann (February 2, 1912 in New York City – Septemb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Ten Computational Canons
The ''Ten Computational Canons'' was a collection of ten Chinese mathematical works, compiled by early Tang dynasty mathematician Li Chunfeng (602–670), as the official mathematical texts for imperial examinations in mathematics. The Ten Computational Canons includes: #''Zhoubi Suanjing'' (''Zhou Shadow Mathematical Classic'') #''Jiuzhang Suanshu'' (''The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art'') #''Haidao Suanjing'' (''The Sea Island Mathematical Classic'') #''Sunzi Suanjing'' (''The Mathematical Classic of Sun Zi'') #'' Zhang Qiujian Suanjing'' (''The Mathematical Classic of Zhang Qiujian'') #'' Wucao Suanjing'' (''Computational Canon of the Five Administrative Sections'') #''Xiahou Yang Suanjing'' (''The Mathematical Classic of Xiahou Yang'') #'' Wujing Suanshu'' (''Computational Prescriptions of the Five Classics'') #''Jigu Suanjing'' (''Continuation of Ancient Mathematical Classic'') #'' Zhui Shu'' (''Method of Interpolation'') It was specified in Tang dynasty laws on examina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Chinese Mathematicians
Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history to as far as late antiquity. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the Sumerian cuneiform script. Ancient history covers all continents inhabited by humans in the period 3000 BCAD 500. The three-age system periodizes ancient history into the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age, with recorded history generally considered to begin with the Bronze Age. The start and end of the three ages varies between world regions. In many regions the Bronze Age is generally considered to begin a few centuries prior to 3000 BC, while the end of the Iron Age varies from the early first millennium BC in some regions to the late first millennium AD in others. During the time period of ancient history, the world population was already exponentially increasing due to the Neolithic Revolution, which was in full progress. While in 10,000 BC, the world population stood at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathematicians From Shandong
A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, mathematical structure, structure, space, Mathematical model, models, and mathematics#Calculus and analysis, change. History One of the earliest known mathematicians were Thales of Miletus (c. 624–c.546 BC); he has been hailed as the first true mathematician and the first known individual to whom a mathematical discovery has been attributed. He is credited with the first use of deductive reasoning applied to geometry, by deriving four corollaries to Thales' Theorem. The number of known mathematicians grew when Pythagoras of Samos (c. 582–c. 507 BC) established the Pythagoreans, Pythagorean School, whose doctrine it was that mathematics ruled the universe and whose motto was "All is number". It was the Pythagoreans who coined the term "mathematics", and with whom the study of mathemat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
