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Xiang (surname 項)
Xiàng () is a Chinese surname. It is listed 125th in the Song dynasty classic text ''Hundred Family Surnames''.Lionshare Media, Hundred Family Surnames: Chinese with Pinyin 百家姓, Dragon Reader Notable people * Xiang Bo (項伯), noble of the Chu state * Xiang Chong (項充), a fictional character in the novel ''Water Margin'' * Xiang Huaicheng (项怀诚), Chinese economist and former minister of finance of China * Jing Xiang (项晶), Chinese German actress * Xiang Liang (項梁), rebel leader in the Qin dynasty * Xiang Shengmo (項聖謨), Chinese painter in the Ming Dynasty * Xiang Yu (項羽), prominent warlord in the late Qin dynasty * Xiang Zhuang Xiang Zhuang ( 206 BC) was a younger cousin of Xiang Yu, the "Hegemon-King of Western Chu". He fought on Chu's side as a military general during the Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC), a power struggle for supremacy over China between Xiang Yu ... (項莊), a younger cousin of Xiang Yu References {{DEFAULTSORT:Xia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Song Dynasty
The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest of the Ten Kingdoms, ending the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The Song often came into conflict with the contemporaneous Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties in northern China. After retreating to southern China, the Song was eventually conquered by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The dynasty is divided into two periods: Northern Song and Southern Song. During the Northern Song (; 960–1127), the capital was in the northern city of Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the dynasty controlled most of what is now Eastern China. The Southern Song (; 1127–1279) refers to the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in the Jin–Song Wars. At that time, the Song court retreated south of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Classics
Chinese classic texts or canonical texts () or simply dianji (典籍) refers to the Chinese texts which originated before the imperial unification by the Qin dynasty in 221 BC, particularly the "Four Books and Five Classics" of the Neo-Confucian tradition, themselves a customary abridgment of the "Thirteen Classics". All of these pre-Qin texts were written in classical Chinese. All three canons are collectively known as the classics ( t , s , ''jīng'', lit. "warp"). The term Chinese classic texts may be broadly used in reference to texts which were written in vernacular Chinese or it may be narrowly used in reference to texts which were written in the classical Chinese which was current until the fall of the last imperial dynasty, the Qing, in 1912. These texts can include ''shi'' (, historical works), ''zi'' (, philosophical works belonging to schools of thought other than the Confucian but also including works on agriculture, medicine, mathematics, astronomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hundred Family Surnames
The ''Hundred Family Surnames'' (), commonly known as ''Bai Jia Xing'', also translated as ''Hundreds of Chinese Surnames'', is a classic Chinese text composed of common Chinese surnames. An unknown author compiled the book during the Song dynasty (960–1279).K. S. Tom. 989(1989). Echoes from Old China: Life, Legends and Lore of the Middle Kingdom p. 12. University of Hawaii Press. . The book lists 507 surnames. Of these, 441 are single-character surnames and 66 are double-character surnames. About 800 names have been derived from the original ones. In the dynasties following the Song, the 13th-century ''Three Character Classic'', the ''Hundred Family Surnames'', and the 6th-century ''Thousand Character Classic'' came to be known as ''San Bai Qian'' (Three, Hundred, Thousand), from the first character in their titles. They served as instructional books for children, becoming the almost universal introductory literary texts for students (almost exclusively boys) from elite b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiang Bo
Xiang Chan (died 192 BC), courtesy name Bo, better known as Xiang Bo, was a noble of the Chu state of the Seven Warring States. He was an uncle of the warlord Xiang Yu, who competed with Liu Bang (Emperor Gao), the founder of the Han dynasty, for supremacy over China in the Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC). Xiang Bo is best known for preventing another nephew of his, Xiang Zhuang, from assassinating Liu Bang at the Feast at Hong Gate in 206 BC. During the Chu–Han Contention, Xiang Bo attempted to reconcile between the two warring factions. After Xiang Yu's eventual defeat and death in 202 BC, Xiang Bo and his family were pardoned by Liu Bang and they became nobles of the Han Empire. Early life Xiang Bo was from Xiaxiang (present-day Suqian, Jiangsu). He was a son of Xiang Yan, a general of the Chu state. He lived as a commoner under the Qin dynasty in his early days. Once, he killed someone in his hometown and fled to Xiapi (present-day Suining County, Jiangsu), where he m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiang Chong (Water Margin)
Xiang Chong is a fictional character in ''Water Margin'', one of the Four Great Classical Novels in Chinese literature. Nicknamed "Eight-armed Nezha", he ranks 64th among the 108 Stars of Destiny and 28th among the 72 Earthly Fiends. Background Xiang Chong fights with an iron spear and a shield whose front is carved with a beast head. He also carries 24 daggers which he throws with accuracy. Because he is a versatile warrior, he is nicknamed "Eight-armed Nezha" after the Chinese deity who could sprout additional two heads and four arms at will. He and Li Gun are sidekicks of Fan Rui, who leads a 3,000-strong outlaw band at Mount Mangdang (芒碭山; north of present-day Yongcheng, Henan). Joining Liangshan The three chiefs of Mount Mangdang have been boasting about wiping out the Liangshan stronghold. Their brag angers Liangshan, which sends Shi Jin to subdue them. But Shi could not hold up against the assault of Xiang Chong and Li Gun, who bear down on his men with speed and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiang Huaicheng
Xiang Huaicheng (; born February 1939) is a Chinese economist and former minister of finance of China. Biography Xiang Huangcheng was born in Wujiang County, Jiangsu in February 1939. He joined Communist Party of China in 1983. He graduated from the Department of Chinese Literature at Shandong University in 1960, and is a senior economist. 1986.6–1992.5, deputy minister of finance, member of the party's committee. 1992.5–1994.7, deputy minister of finance, vice secretary of the party's committee. 1994.7–1995.1, deputy director of State Administration of Taxation, vice secretary of the party's committee. 1995.1–1998.3, deputy director of State Administration of Taxation, secretary of the party's committee. 1998.3–2003.3, minister of finance. 2003.5–2008.1, director-general of the national social security funds. He was a member of 15th and 16th Central Committee of Communist Party of China. He is currently the Chairman of China Development Institute China Deve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jing Xiang (actress)
Jing Xiang (; ; born 12 February 1993) is a Chinese German actress. Biography Jing Xiang was born in Berlin. She speaks native German and Chinese, and speaks English as a foreign language. From 2009 to 2012 she took acting, dancing and singing lessons at the ''Academy'' art school in Berlin-Kreuzberg. In 2012 she graduated from the in Berlin-Friedenau with an Abitur. Afterwards she studied at the Rostock University of Music and Theatre, graduating in 2017 with an Artist Diploma. During her studies Xiang had guest performances at the Rostock People's Theatre. Xiang became a member of the Schauspielhaus Bochum ensemble in 2018. Among other roles, she played the first gravedigger in Johan Simons’ ''Hamlet'' production, which had been invited to the 57th Berliner Theatertreffen. Xiang also took a role in a ''Tatort'' episode and in a series. She became known to a larger audience through the Netflix series ''Biohackers'', in which she plays the role of Chen-Lu. Filmog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiang Liang
Xiang Liang (died 208 BC) was a military leader who led a rebellion against the Qin dynasty. Early life Xiang Liang was from Xiaxiang (下相; present-day Suqian, Jiangsu) and was a descendant of a family who served the Chu state in the Warring States period. Xiang Liang's father, , was a famous general who led the Chu army to resist the invading Qin forces led by Wang Jian, and was killed in action in 223 BC when Qin annexed Chu. After the fall of Chu, Xiang Liang and his brothers became commoners and lived under Qin rule for years. When Xiang Liang's elder brother Xiang Chao () died, Xiang Liang took Xiang Chao's son, Xiang Yu, under his care. Xiang Liang doted on Xiang Yu and had his nephew instructed in scholarly arts and swordsmanship, but Xiang Yu did not master what he was taught and Xiang Liang was very displeased with him.Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian'', Volume 7, Biography of Xiang Yu. When Xiang Yu expressed interest in military strategy, Xiang Liang t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiang Shengmo
Xiang Shengmo (); (1597–1658) was a noted Chinese painter in the Ming Dynasty. He was a native of Xiushui (now Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province). His courtesy name A courtesy name (), also known as a style name, is a name bestowed upon one at adulthood in addition to one's given name. This practice is a tradition in the East Asian cultural sphere, including China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.Ulrich Theobald ... was Kongzhang (孔彰) and his art names were Yi'an (易庵), and Xushan Qiao (胥山樵). He was the grandson of the great painting-collector Xiang Yuanbian (項元汴). Xiang's painting followed the style of Wen Zhengming. Xiang specialized in landscapes and flowers with an elegant taste. References 1597 births 1658 deaths Painters from Zhejiang Ming dynasty landscape painters Artists from Jiaxing {{China-painter-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiang Yu
Xiang Yu (, –202 BC), born Xiang Ji (), was the Hegemon-King (Chinese: 霸王, ''Bà Wáng'') of Western Chu during the Chu–Han Contention period (206–202 BC) of China. A noble of the Chu state, Xiang Yu rebelled against the Qin dynasty and became a prominent warlord. He was granted the title of "Duke of Lu" () by King Huai II of the restoring Chu state in 208 BC. The following year, he led the Chu forces to victory at the Battle of Julu against the Qin armies led by Zhang Han. After the fall of Qin, Xiang Yu was enthroned as the "Hegemon-King of Western Chu" () and ruled a vast area covering modern-day central and eastern China, with Pengcheng as his capital. He engaged Liu Bang, the founding emperor of the Han dynasty, in a long struggle for power, known as the Chu–Han Contention, which concluded with his eventual defeat at the Battle of Gaixia and his suicide. Xiang Yu is depicted in the Wu Shuang Pu (, Table of Peerless Heroes) by Jin Guliang. Names and titles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiang Zhuang
Xiang Zhuang ( 206 BC) was a younger cousin of Xiang Yu, the "Hegemon-King of Western Chu". He fought on Chu's side as a military general during the Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC), a power struggle for supremacy over China between Xiang Yu and Liu Bang (Emperor Gao), the founder of the Han dynasty. Little is known about Xiang Zhuang, except for his role at the Feast at Hong Gate in 206 BC. Family background Xiang Zhuang was a younger cousin of Xiang Yu, and a grandson of Xiang Yan. Xiang Yu and Xiang Zhuang were raised by their uncle, Xiang Liang. Xiang Zhuang was versed in many types of martial arts and specialised in using swords. Feast at Hong Gate The only mention of Xiang Zhuang in historical records was about his role in the Feast at Hong Gate in 206 BC. Liu Bang had just overthrown the Qin dynasty and captured the Qin heartland of Guanzhong. According to an earlier promise by King Huai II of Chu, Liu Bang would become "King of Guanzhong". However, Xiang Yu was di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese-language Surnames
Chinese (, especially when referring to written Chinese) is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China. About 1.3 billion people (or approximately 16% of the world's population) speak a variety of Chinese as their first language. Chinese languages form the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages family. The spoken varieties of Chinese are usually considered by native speakers to be variants of a single language. However, their lack of mutual intelligibility means they are sometimes considered separate languages in a family. Investigation of the historical relationships among the varieties of Chinese is ongoing. Currently, most classifications posit 7 to 13 main regional groups based on phonetic developments from Middle Chinese, of which the most spoken by far is Mandarin (with about 800 million speakers, or 66%), followed by Min (75 million, e.g. Southern Min), Wu (74 million, e.g. Shanghai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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