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William Jardine (merchant)
William Jardine (24 February 1784 – 27 February 1843) was a Scottish physician, opium merchant and trader who co-founded the Hong Kong based conglomerate Jardine Matheson, Jardine, Matheson & Co. Following his return to England from the Far East, between 1841 and 1843, he was Member of Parliament for Ashburton (UK Parliament constituency), Ashburton representing the Whig (British political party), Whig party. Educated in medicine at the University of Edinburgh, in 1802 Jardine obtained a diploma from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. The next year, he became a surgeon's mate aboard the ''Brunswick'' belonging to the East India Company, and set sail for India. In May 1817, he abandoned medicine for trade. Jardine was a resident in China from 1820 to 1839. His early success in Guangzhou, Canton as a commercial agent for opium merchants in India led to his admission in 1825 as a partner in Magniac & Co., and by 1826 he controlled that firm's Canton operations. James M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jardine By Chinnery
Jardine is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Al Jardine (born 1942), member of the Beach Boys * Alexander Jardine (Medal of Honor) (1874–1949), American Medal of Honor recipient * Antonio Jardine (born 1988), NCAA college basketball player for the Syracuse Orange * Cassandra Jardine (1954–2012), British journalist and writer * Christine Jardine (born 1960), British politician * David Jardine (other), several people: :* David Jardine (1840–1892), of David and John Jardine, US architect :* David Jardine Jardine (1847–1922), Scottish landowner and racehorse owner :* David Jardine (barrister) (1794–1860), English barrister and magistrate :* David Jardine (footballer) (born 1867), Scottish football goalkeeper :* David Jardine (merchant) (1818–1856), taipan of the Jardine, Matheson & Co. * Don Jardine (1940–2006), American professional wrestler * Douglas Jardine (1900–1958), English cricketer * Sir Ernest Jardine, 1st Baronet (1859–1947), Sco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cassia Bark
''Cinnamomum cassia'', called Chinese cassia or Chinese cinnamon, is an evergreen tree originating in southern China, and widely cultivated there and elsewhere in South and Southeast Asia (India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam). It is one of several species of ''Cinnamomum'' used primarily for their aromatic bark, which is used as a spice. The buds are also used as a spice, especially in India, and were used by the ancient Romans. The tree grows to tall, with greyish bark and hard, elongated leaves that are long and reddish when young. Origin and types Chinese cassia is a close relative to Ceylon cinnamon ('' C. verum''), Saigon cinnamon (''C. loureiroi''), also known as "Vietnamese cinnamon", Indonesian cinnamon ('' C. burmannii''), also called "korintje", and Malabar cinnamon ('' C. citriodorum'') from Malabar region in India. In all five species, the dried bark is used as a spice. Chinese cassia's flavor is less delicate than that of Ceylon cinnamon. Its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ewo (hong)
The ''Ewo Hong'' () was a Qing dynasty ''hong'' established by ''Wǔ Guóyíng'' () in Canton (Guangzhou) in 1783 and later became the leader of the cohong of the Thirteen Factories under the stewardship of Howqua, who took over in 1803. Ewo later became one of the most successful ''hongs'' and the largest creditor of the East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ..., whilst Howqua's personal monetary worth reached more than 26 million Mexican dollars. As a result of the ''Ewo hong's'' upright and honest reputation, Jardine, Matheson & Co. later adopted "Ewo" as the Chinese name for their firm. p.12Online version at Google books/ref> References {{China-hist-stub History of Guangdong Companies established in 1783 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Language
Chinese (, especially when referring to written Chinese) is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China. About 1.3 billion people (or approximately 16% of the world's population) speak a variety of Chinese as their first language. Chinese languages form the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages family. The spoken varieties of Chinese are usually considered by native speakers to be variants of a single language. However, their lack of mutual intelligibility means they are sometimes considered separate languages in a family. Investigation of the historical relationships among the varieties of Chinese is ongoing. Currently, most classifications posit 7 to 13 main regional groups based on phonetic developments from Middle Chinese, of which the most spoken by far is Mandarin (with about 800 million speakers, or 66%), followed by Min (75 million, e.g. Southern Min), Wu (74 million, e.g. Shangh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piano
The piano is a stringed keyboard instrument in which the strings are struck by wooden hammers that are coated with a softer material (modern hammers are covered with dense wool felt; some early pianos used leather). It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings. It was invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700. Description The word "piano" is a shortened form of ''pianoforte'', the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument, which in turn derives from ''clavicembalo col piano e forte'' (key cimbalom with quiet and loud)Pollens (1995, 238) and ''fortepiano''. The Italian musical terms ''piano'' and ''forte'' indicate "soft" and "loud" respectively, in this context referring to the variations in volume (i.e., loudness) produced in response to a pianist's touch or pressure on the keys: the grea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prussia
Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an emergency decree transferring powers of the Prussian government to German Chancellor Franz von Papen in 1932 and ''de jure'' by an Allied decree in 1947. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, expanding its size with the Prussian Army. Prussia, with its capital at Königsberg and then, when it became the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, Berlin, decisively shaped the history of Germany. In 1871, Prussian Minister-President Otto von Bismarck united most German principalities into the German Empire under his leadership, although this was considered to be a "Lesser Germany" because Austria and Switzerland were not included. In November 1918, the monarchies were abolished and the nobility lost its political power during the Ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Gützlaff
Karl Friedrich August Gützlaff (8 July 1803 – 9 August 1851), anglicised as Charles Gutzlaff, was a German Lutheran missionary to the Far East, notable as one of the first Protestant missionaries in Bangkok, Thailand (1828) and in Korea (1832). He was also the first Lutheran missionary to China. He was a magistrate in Ningpo and Chusan and the second Chinese Secretary of the British administration in Hong Kong. He wrote widely read books and served as interpreter for British diplomatic missions during the First Opium War. Gützlaff was one of the first Protestant missionaries in China to wear Chinese clothing. He was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1839. Early life Born at Pyritz (present-day Pyrzyce), Pomerania, he was apprenticed to a saddler in Stettin, but was able to secure admission to Pädagogium in Halle, and associated himself with the Janike Institute in Berlin. The Netherlands Missionary Society sent him to Java in 1826, where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, gastronomy, and science. For its leading role in the arts and sciences, as well as its very early system of street lighting, in the 19th century it became known as "the City of Light". Like London, prior to the Second World War, it was also sometimes called the capital of the world. The City of Paris is the centre of the Île-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an estimated population of 12,262,544 in 2019, or about 19% of the population of France, making the region France's primate city. The Paris Region had a GDP of €739 billion ($743 billion) in 2019, which is the highest in Europe. According to the Economist Intelli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hollingworth Magniac
Hollingworth Magniac (1786–1867)Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 3, p. 4138. was a merchant and connoisseur of medieval art. He briefly ran the free trading firm of Magniac & Co. which was later to become Jardine, Matheson & Co., one of the largest trading houses in Asia during the 19th century. Biography Magniac was born on 15 April 1786 in Colworth, Bedfordshire, the son of Colonel Francis Magniac and Frances Attwood. His father was a French Huguenot goldsmith who exported clocks and watches to China. p.1Online version at Google books/ref> In order to keep an eye on his business interests there, he dispatched his son Charles to Canton where he went into partnership with Daniel Beale, an experienced China merchant, forming Beale, Magniac & Co. sometime before 1814. Before the removal of the East India Company's monopoly on British trad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy
Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy, 1st Baronet Jejeebhoy of Bombay CMG (15 July 1783 – 14 April 1859), also spelt Jeejeebhoy or Jeejebhoy, was an Indian-Parsi merchant and philanthropist. He made a huge fortune in cotton and the opium trade with China. Early life and business career Jejeebhoy was born near modern day Mumbai in 1783, the son of Merwanjee Mackjee Jejeebhoy and Jeevibai Cowasjee Jejeebhoy. His father was a textile merchant from Surat, Gujarat, who migrated to Bombay in the 1770s. Both of Jeejeebhoy's parents died in 1799, leaving the 16-year-old under the tutelage of his maternal uncle, Framjee Nasserwanjee Battliwala. At the age of 16, having had little formal education, he made his first visit to Calcutta and then began his first voyage to China to trade in cotton and opium. Jejeebhoy's second voyage to China was made in a ship of the East India Company's fleet. Under the command of Sir Nathaniel Dance, this ship drove off a French squadron under Rear-Admiral Charl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Framji Cowasji Banaji
Framji Cowasji Banaji, Esq. (3 April 1767 – 12 February 1851) was born in Bombay (now Mumbai) to a Parsi family. His father, Cowasji Byramji (1744-1834), was a merchant, trading in cotton and had trading links with China, England and various Indian cities. He was the lease holder of Poway estate (now Powai). During his lifetime he did much for the city and his country and its people for which a Framji Cawasji Institute (now Framji Cowasji Hall) was built after his death. Some of his achievements were:- * First Justice of Peace in Bombay. * First to introduce engineering contrivances in the matter of carrying water from one place to another by means of pipes . * Sent native fruit Mango that was grown in his estate of Powai as a present to the Queen of the United Kingdom on 18 May 1838. * He rebuilt a Tank at Dhobi Talao at his own expense. In recognition of this noble act, the well was henceforth known as The Framji Cowasji Tank. * He funded building of the Tower of Silence at C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel Beale
Daniel Beale (1759–1842) was a Scottish merchant and fur trader active in the Far East mercantile centres of Bombay, Canton and Macau as well as at one time the Prussian consul in China. Biography Daniel Beale was the purser of, successively, the East India Company ships ''Walpole'' and ''General Coote'' on voyages between London and Canton in 1783-1786: in 1783 he joined the Macao partnership of John Henry Cox and John Reid in their mercantile ventures. Giving evidence before the British parliament's commons committee of ''Enquiry on the East India Company’s Affairs'' on 11 May 1815, Beale testified that he had been resident in Canton "from the latter end of 1787 to the middle of 1797" On 15 February 1786, a Prussian ship arrived at Whampoa whereupon the East India Company's agent at Canton informed the Committee of Supercargoes that Beale had shown him a letter signed by "Count Lusi, Envoy Extraordinaire to his Majesty the King of Prussia with the King of Gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
