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Westphalian Wandering Musicians
The West Palatine travelling music tradition (german: Westpfälzer Wandermusikantentum) were part of a tradition established by travelling musicians from a region of West Palatinate in Germany that is now called Musikantenland ("Musicians' Land"). The tradition started around 1830 and had its heyday between 1850 and the First World War. During this time, several thousand musicians travelled through the world and a livelihood for themselves and their families. History Origin The West Palatinate has always been one of the poorest agricultural regions of Germany. In the 19th century, transport links to industrial centres did not exist and harvests, such as those of 1816/17 or 1831, were poor, regularly resulting in famine. The region was also badly impacted by the decline in mining on the Königsberg and Potzberg. For many families, the way out of this misery was either to emigrate or to work as migrant workers in the better-off regions of Europe. The economic boom in France during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kapelle Carl Weber 1883 (retuschiert)
Kapelle () is a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality and a town in the southwestern Netherlands on Zuid-Beveland. As of January 2017, the municipality's population amounts to 12,620. Population centers Topography ''The municipality of Kapelle, June 2015'' Transport * Kapelle-Biezelinge railway station Famous people * Annie M.G. Schmidt (1911 in Kapelle – 1995) a Dutch writer, the mother of the Dutch theatrical song * Jan Elburg (born 1919 in Wemeldinge – 1992) a Dutch poet * Jan Peter Balkenende (born 1956 Biezelinge) a retired politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 2002 to 2010 * Jan Kees de Jager (born 1969 in Kapelle) a retired Dutch politician, former Dutch finance minister Sport * François Marits (1884 in Kapelle – 1945) a Dutch sports shooter, competed at the 1924 Summer Olympics * Jo de Roo (born 1937 in Schore) a Dutch former professional road racing cyclist * John Karelse (born 1970 in Wemeldinge) a retired Dutch football goalkeep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thuringia
Thuringia (; german: Thüringen ), officially the Free State of Thuringia ( ), is a state of central Germany, covering , the sixth smallest of the sixteen German states. It has a population of about 2.1 million. Erfurt is the capital and largest city. Other cities are Jena, Gera and Weimar. Thuringia is bordered by Bavaria, Hesse, Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Saxony. It has been known as "the green heart of Germany" () from the late 19th century due to its broad, dense forest. Most of Thuringia is in the Saale drainage basin, a left-bank tributary of the Elbe. Thuringia is home to the Rennsteig, Germany's best-known hiking trail. Its winter resort of Oberhof makes it a well-equipped winter sports destination – half of Germany's 136 Winter Olympic gold medals had been won by Thuringian athletes as of 2014. Thuringia was favoured by or was the birthplace of three key intellectuals and leaders in the arts: Johann Sebastian Bach, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and Fried ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rothselberg
Rothselberg is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a municipality belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'', a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' Lauterecken-Wolfstein. Geography Location Rothselberg lies at the foot of the 546 m-high Selberg in the North Palatine Uplands. The village's elevation is some 340 m above sea level and it lies on the ridge between the Talbach and Lauter valleys. Near the village rises the Breitenbach, which flows into the Jettenbach about 3 km away to the northwest in Eßweiler. At the foot of the Selberg rises the Lammelbach, which flows through the ''Löffelmannsgraben'' and empties into the Lauter near the Schmeißbachermühle (a former mill). To the west, towards Jettenbach, the land rises up, peaking at the Eisenstein (460 m above sea level), while to the south, towards Kollweiler, it also rises, reaching the peak of the Galgenberg (“Gallows Mountain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfstein, Rhineland-Palatinate
Wolfstein () is a town in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Before 1 July 2014 it was the seat of the like-named ''Verbandsgemeinde'', since then it is part of the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' Lauterecken-Wolfstein. Wolfstein is known for its two castle ruins, ''Neu-Wolfstein'' standing over the heart of the town, and ''Alt-Wolfstein'' standing at the narrowest spot in the Lauter valley at the town's northern entrance. Wolfstein is a state-recognized recreational resort (''Erholungsort''). Geography Location The town lies in the North Palatine Uplands, in the so-called ''Königsland'' (“Kingsland”), between Idar-Oberstein and Kaiserslautern. The municipal area measures 1 377 ha, of which 644 ha is wooded. Also, 154 ha is given over to residential properties and transport facilities, 574 ha to agriculture and 5 ha is taken up by other uses and open water. Geographically, the municipal area belongs to the Glan-Alsenz mountain a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eßweiler
Eßweiler (, with a short E; also ''Essweiler'') is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a municipality belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'', a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' Lauterecken-Wolfstein. Geography Location The municipality lies roughly 25 km north of Kaiserslautern, 15 km east of Kusel and 4 km west of Wolfstein at the foot of the Königsberg, a mountain in the North Palatine Uplands. Eßweiler sits at an elevation of 260 to 280 m above sea level, and has also given the dale in which it lies its name, the ''Eßweiler Tal''. In the village itself, the two streams, the Breitenbach and the Jettenbach, flow together to form the Talbach, which is fed by the Steinbach about 100 m beyond the municipal limit, thereafter flowing down to Offenbach-Hundheim, where it empties into the Glan. Found around Eßweiler are some of the district's highest mountains: the Kö ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mackenbach
Mackenbach is a municipality in the district of Kaiserslautern, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany. it is home to numerous restaurants and bay about 8 beauty salons and one grocery store Culture and sights Music Mackenbach's reputation as a musicians' village was established by the wandering musicians from the mid-19th century to the 1930s. They travelled with bands and circuses around the world and made music worldwide - in all of Europe, but also in the US, Australia and Africa) - in order to compensate for the poor income from agriculture in their homeland. Today their music continues to be played in male voice choirs, in music societies and in Protestant church choir A choir ( ; also known as a chorale or chorus) is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform. Choirs may perform music from the classical music repertoire, which sp ...s. Museums The West Palatine Musicians Museum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jettenbach (Pfalz)
Jettenbach is an ''Ortsgemeinde'' – a municipality belonging to a ''Verbandsgemeinde'', a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district which belongs to the federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany. It belongs to the ''Verbandsgemeinde'' Lauterecken-Wolfstein. Geography Location Topographically, the municipality lies in the North Palatine Uplands. The original village of Jettenbach grew in the valley of an eponymous brook, the Jettenbach, from which it took its name. Quite early on, a mediaeval regular route linking Landstuhl to Trier following the nearby ridge running parallel to the brook was established as a roadway. To the south of the village rises the ''Spannagelberg'' (449.5 m above sea level) and to the north, the ''Potschberg'' (formerly 492 m above sea level). South of the village, the ''Rutzenbach'' and the ''Selchenbach'' streams flow together to form the ''Jettenbach'', which then flows north through the village, later emptying into the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congress Of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte. Participants were representatives of all European powers and other stakeholders, chaired by Austrian statesman Klemens von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September 1814 to June 1815. The objective of the Congress was to provide a long-term peace plan for Europe by settling critical issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars without the use of (military) violence. The goal was not simply to restore old boundaries, but to resize the main powers so they could balance each other and remain at peace, being at the same time shepherds for the smaller powers. More fundamentally, strongly generalising, conservative thinking leaders like Von Metternich also sought to restrain or eliminate republicanism, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Bavaria
The Kingdom of Bavaria (german: Königreich Bayern; ; spelled ''Baiern'' until 1825) was a German state that succeeded the former Electorate of Bavaria in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918. With the unification of Germany into the German Empire in 1871, the kingdom became a federated state of the new empire and was second in size, power, and wealth only to the leading state, the Kingdom of Prussia. The polity's foundation dates back to the ascension of prince-elector Maximilian IV Joseph of the House of Wittelsbach as King of Bavaria in 1805. The crown would go on being held by the Wittelsbachs until the kingdom came to an end in 1918. Most of the border of modern Germany's Free State of Bavaria were established after 1814 with the Treaty of Paris, in which the Kingdom of Bavaria ceded Tyrol and Vorarlberg to the Austrian Empire while receiving Aschaffenburg and Würzburg. In 1918, Bavaria became a republic after the German Revolution, and the kingdom was thus succeeded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palatinate (Bavaria)
The Circle of the Rhine (german: Rheinkreis) or Rhine Circle, sometimes the Bavarian ( or ), was the name given to the territory on the west bank of the Rhine from 1816 to 1837 which was one of 15 (later 8) administrative districts of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Before the French revolutionary wars (1792) most of the land had belonged to the Electoral Palatinate. At the Congress of Vienna in 1815 it was initially promised to the Empire of Austria after having been under a provisional joint Austro-Bavarian administration since 1814. However, in the Treaty of Munich (1816), Austria relinquished the territory to Bavaria. In 1837, the Circle of the Rhine was renamed the Palatinate ().', dated 29 November 1837. In ', 58/1837Online It was also referred to as the Rhenish Palatinate (').Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann Wagener: ', F. Heinicke, 1867, S. 140Online The territory remained Bavarian until 30 Aug 1946, with the exception of the area detached in 1920, which roughly corresponded to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Church Festival
Kermesse, or kermis, or kirmess, is a Dutch language term derived from 'kerk' (church) and 'mis' (mass) that became borrowed in English, French, Spanish and many other languages, originally denoting the mass said on the anniversary of the foundation of a church (or the parish) and in honour of the patron. Such celebrations were regularly held in the Low Countries, in Central Europe and also in northern France, and were accompanied by feasting, dancing and sports of all kinds. The church ale was an English equivalent. History Arguably the first kermesse was an annual parade to mark the events of the Brussels massacre of 1370 (some sources say 1369) in Brussels, when the entire Jewish population of the city were burnt alive or expelled after being accused of profaning a basket of communion hosts, which were said to have bled when stabbed. According to one source, those Jewish residents who could prove that they did not profane the hosts were not killed, but were merely banished ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commercial Freedom
Economic freedom, or economic liberty, is the ability of people of a society to take economic actions. This is a term used in economic and policy debates as well as in the philosophy of economics. One approach to economic freedom comes from the liberal tradition emphasizing free markets, free trade, and private property under free enterprise. Another approach to economic freedom extends the welfare economics study of individual choice, with greater economic freedom coming from a larger set of possible choices. Other conceptions of economic freedom include freedom from want and the freedom to engage in collective bargaining. The liberal free-market viewpoint defines economic liberty as the freedom to produce, trade and consume any goods and services acquired without the use of force, fraud, theft or government regulation. This is embodied in the rule of law, property rights and freedom of contract, and characterized by external and internal openness of the markets, the protection ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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