|
Warsaw–Grodzisk Mazowiecki Railway
The Warsaw–Grodzisk Mazowiecki railway is a 30 kilometer long, double-tracked, electrified suburban railway line connecting Warszawa Zachodnia station in Warsaw with Grodzisk Mazowiecki railway station in Grodzisk Mazowiecki. The line is designated by the Polish national railway infrastructure manager PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe as rail line number 447. It runs along the long-distance Warsaw–Katowice line, extending the suburban tracks of the Warsaw Cross-City line westward. The line is dedicated for use by local traffic, however both lines are technically capable of carrying all types of trains, effectively forming a four track rail corridor running roughly East-West through the center of the Warsaw metropolitan area. Opening The line was originally opened in 1845 as part of Warsaw–Vienna railway and electrified between 1936 and 1937. During the interbellum with the construction of the Warsaw Cross-City line authorities planned to upgrade the line to four tracks, but del ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heavy Rail
Various terms are used for passenger railway lines and equipment; the usage of these terms differs substantially between areas: Rapid transit A rapid transit system is an electric railway characterized by high speed (~) and rapid acceleration. It uses passenger railcars operating singly or in multiple unit trains on fixed rails. It operates on separate right-of-way (transportation), rights-of-way from which all other vehicular and foot traffic are excluded (i.e. is fully grade separation, grade-separated from other traffic). The APTA definition also includes the use sophisticated railway signalling, signaling systems, and railway platform height, high platform loading. Originally, the term ''rapid transit'' was used in the 1800s to describe new forms of quick urban public transportation that had a right-of-way separated from street traffic. This set rapid transit apart from horsecars, trams, streetcars, bus, omnibuses, and other forms of public transport. A variant of the ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw Metropolitan Area
The Warsaw metropolitan area (known in Polish language, Polish as: or ) is the metropolitan area of Warsaw, the capital of Poland. The metropolitan area covers ten List of counties in Poland, counties in the Masovian Voivodeship, with an area of and a population of around 3.5 million in 2022. The area constitutes a separate NUTS 2 unit, as well as a separate police region with a dedicated Policja, Capital Metropolitan Police Headquarters, both of them carved out from the Masovian Voivodeship as an exception, as Polish NUTS 2 areas and police regions are in general identical to the territories of voivodeships. The largest cities or towns within the metropolitan area are Warsaw, Pruszków, Legionowo, Otwock, Mińsk Mazowiecki, Piaseczno and Wołomin. Public transport in the metropolitan area is served by the Warsaw Public Transport Authority ('). Demographics Economy In 2021 Warsaw's gross metropolitan product was €100 billion. This puts Warsaw in List of EU metropolit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railway Lines Of Poland
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport using wheeled vehicles running in tracks, which usually consist of two parallel steel rails. Rail transport is one of the two primary means of land transport, next to road transport. It is used for about 8% of passenger and freight transport globally, thanks to its energy efficiency and potentially high speed.Rolling stock on rails generally encounters lower frictional resistance than rubber-tyred road vehicles, allowing rail cars to be coupled into longer trains. Power is usually provided by diesel or electric locomotives. While railway transport is capital-intensive and less flexible than road transport, it can carry heavy loads of passengers and cargo with greater energy efficiency and safety. Precursors of railways driven by human or animal power have existed since antiquity, but modern rail transport began with the invention of the steam locomotive in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the 19th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pruszków Railway Station
Pruszków is a city in east-central Poland, capital of Pruszków County in the Masovian Voivodeship. Pruszków is located along the western edge of the Warsaw metropolitan area. Pruszków is the largest city in the Warsaw metropolitan area outside Warsaw. Since the 19th century it has developed as an industrial centre located on an important railway line. In the 1990s and 2000s the city was synonymous with the " Pruszków gang", one of two major organised crime groups in the country. It is known for the country's chief indoor velodrome and the Dulag 121 Museum at the former Nazi German camp for Poles expelled from Warsaw. History Early history Pruszków was incorporated as a town in 1916 during World War I, although the village was first mentioned in chronicles in the 15th century. Within the Kingdom of Poland, it was a private village of Polish nobility, administratively located in the Masovian Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province. The development of the town was ai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szybka Kolej Miejska (Warsaw)
Szybka Kolej Miejska (SKM; which translates as 'Rapid Urban Rail') is a mixed rapid transit and commuter rail system in the Warsaw metropolitan area, operated by the city owned company Szybka Kolej Miejska Sp. z o.o. under the management of Warsaw Public Transport Authority, Public Transport Authority in Warsaw on shared, general Rail transport in Poland, railway lines managed by the PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe. History The earliest attempts to implement an electrified suburban rail system in Warsaw were made in 1936–37, when the Warsaw Railway Junction and surrounding railway lines were electrified to the national standard of 3 kV DC and high platform electric multiple units were introduced (which later came to be designated PKP class EW51). After World War II, newer EW53, EW54 and EW55 high-platform EMUs were introduced. In 1963, Warszawa Śródmieście railway station was rebuilt into its current form as an underground city station in the city center and in 1967 the Wars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koleje Mazowieckie
Masovian Railways, in Polish Koleje Mazowieckie, is a regional rail operator in the Masovian Voivodeship of Poland. History The company was founded in 2004 as a joint venture of the Masovian Voivodeship, with 51% shares, and the then government-owned PKP Przewozy Regionalne, with 49% shares, to handle local passenger traffic in the Voivodeship. It started operating on 1 January 2005. Since the end of 2007 Masovian Railways has been fully owned by the Masovian Voivodeship. Rolling stock At the beginning, the rolling stock consisted of old electric multiple units taken over from the Polish State Railways. These were gradually modernised, and further units purchased second-hand from other operators. Later on, the company purchased or leased new rolling stock. As of 2010 the Masovian Railways had just under 200 PKP class EN57, five EN71 and two EW60. Additionally, the company purchased seven DB Class 627 railcars and four 628 diesel multiple units to serve on non-electrifi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parzniew
Parzniew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brwinów, within Pruszków County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately east of Brwinów, south-west of Pruszków, and south-west of Warsaw. During the Invasion of Poland, on 12 September 1939, around 100 Polish prisoners of war were massacred in Parzniew by the German Wehrmacht The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the German Army (1935–1945), ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmac .... References Villages in Pruszków County Sites of Nazi war crimes during the Invasion of Poland {{Pruszków-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warszawa Włochy Railway Station
Warszawa Włochy railway station is a railway station in the Włochy district of Warsaw, Poland. It stands on the junction of lines 1 and 3: from here trains can either run on Line 1 towards Łódź or Line 3 towards Poznań. It comprises two platforms connected by an underground pedestrian tunnel and a station building complete with ticket machines and bicycle parking. History The exact opening date is not known, but a railway connection was present in this area since at least 1845 with the construction of the Warsaw–Vienna railway. In 1932 the company "Siła i Światło" (eng. ''Strength and Light'') extended EKD (Elektryczna Kolej Dojazdowa - eng. ''Electric Commuter Railway'') - a light rail line connecting Warsaw to Grodzisk Mazowiecki with a branch to Włochy, then a satellite city of Warsaw. The branch followed Popularna Street and terminated around the location of the modern station, where a waiting hall, pedestrian tunnel and ticket offices were built. The railway was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interbellum
In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period, also known as the interbellum (), lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II (WWII). It was relatively short, yet featured many social, political, military, and economic changes throughout the world. Petroleum-based energy production and associated mechanisation led to the prosperous Roaring Twenties, a time of social and economic mobility for the middle class. Automobiles, electric lighting, radio, and more became common among populations in the first world. The era's indulgences were followed by the Great Depression, an unprecedented worldwide economic downturn that severely damaged many of the world's largest economies. Politically, the era coincided with the rise of communism, starting in Russia with the October Revolution and Russian Civil War, at the end of WWI, and ended with the rise of fascism, particularly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw–Vienna Railway
The Warsaw-Vienna Railway (; ) was a railway system which operated since 1845 in Congress Poland, then part of the Russian Empire. The main component of its network was a line 327.6 km in length from Warsaw to the border station at Maczki (then called Granica) in Sosnowiec with the Austrian Empire, and since 1867 the Austro-Hungarian Empire. There the line reached the Austrian railway network, offering connections to Vienna (hence the name of the line) and beyond. It was the first railway line built in Congress Poland and the second in the Russian Empire, after a short stretch of 27 km between Tsarskoye Selo and Saint Petersburg ( Saint Petersburg–Tsarskoe Selo Railway) which opened in 1837.Rakov, V.A.: ''Lokomotivy otechestvennyh zheleznyh dorog 1845-1955'', Moscow 1995, , p.10 The line used the standard European gauge (), as opposed to all other railways in the Russian Empire which used the broad gauge (), hence it formed a system physically separated from other Imper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw Cross-City Line
Warsaw cross-city line () is a railway line crossing Central Warsaw in the east–west direction. Opened in 1933 and electrified in 1936, it initially had two tracks, with an additional two added in 1967. The central part of the line is in a tunnel, which is long. It then crosses the Vistula by the Średnicowy railway bridge long located between Poniatowski Bridge and Świętokrzyski Bridge. The line provides a direct link between Warszawa Wschodnia and Warszawa Zachodnia stations. The pre-1945 Warszawa Główna was located approximately halfway down the line. The station has been replaced by Warszawa Śródmieście and later supplemented by Warszawa Centralna, which is located to the west of the old station. Since the 1970s, the older (southern) pair of tracks is used by regional and commuter trains run (until 2005) by PKP/ Polregio, and since then by Koleje Mazowieckie and Szybka Kolej Miejska. The regional trains use Warszawa Stadion, Warszawa Powiśle, Warsza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
