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Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Vancomycin-resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'' (VRSA) are strains of ''Staphylococcus aureus'' that have become resistant to the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin. Mechanism of acquired resistance Strains of hVISA and vancomycin-intermediate ''Staphylococcus aureus'' (VISA) do not have resistant genes found in ''Enterococcus'' and the proposed mechanisms of resistance include the sequential mutations resulting in a thicker cell wall and the synthesis of excess amounts of D-ala-D-ala residues. VRSA strain acquired the vancomycin resistance gene cluster ''vanA'' from VRE. Diagnosis The diagnosis of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus can be done with disk diffusion(and VA screen plate) Treatment of infection For isolates with a vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) , an alternative to vancomycin should be used. The approach is to treat with at least one agent to which VISA/VRSA is known to be susceptible by ''in vitro'' testing. The agents that are used i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quinupristin/dalfopristin
Quinupristin/dalfopristin, or quinupristin-dalfopristin, (pronunciation: kwi NYOO pris tin / dal FOE pris tin) (trade name Synercid) is a combination of two antibiotics used to treat infections by staphylococci and by vancomycin-resistant ''Enterococcus faecium''. Quinupristin and dalfopristin are both streptogramin antibiotics, derived from pristinamycin. Quinupristin is derived from pristinamycin IA; dalfopristin from pristinamycin IIA. They are combined in a weight-to-weight ratio of 30% quinupristin to 70% dalfopristin. Administration Intravenous, usually 7.5 mg/kg every 8 hours (infections/life threatening VRSA); every 12 hours (skin infections). No renal dosing adjustments, hepatic dosing adjustments are not defined, consider reducing dose. Mechanism of action Quinupristin and dalfopristin are protein synthesis inhibitors in a synergistic manner. While each of the two is only a bacteriostatic agent, the combination shows bactericidal activity. *Dalfopristin binds to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
S Aureus Blood Agar
S, or s, is the nineteenth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''ess'' (pronounced ), plural ''esses''. History Origin Northwest Semitic šîn represented a voiceless postalveolar fricative (as in 'ip'). It originated most likely as a pictogram of a tooth () and represented the phoneme via the acrophonic principle. Ancient Greek did not have a phoneme, so the derived Greek letter sigma () came to represent the voiceless alveolar sibilant . While the letter shape Σ continues Phoenician ''šîn'', its name ''sigma'' is taken from the letter '' samekh'', while the shape and position of ''samekh'' but name of ''šîn'' is continued in the '' xi''. Within Greek, the name of ''sigma'' was influenced by its association with the Greek word (earlier ) "to hiss". The original name of the letter "sigma" may have been ''san'', but due to the compli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
