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Volodymyrskyi Decent
Saint Volodymyr Descent ( uk, Володимирський узвіз, Volodymyrskyi uzviz) is a street in Kyiv located between the Pechersk and Podil city districts. It stretches from European Square to Postal Square. The city street splits two city parks (Khreshchatyi Park and Saint Volodymyr Hill) located on the slopes of Saint Michael Hill (see Kyiv Mountains). The two parks are connected by the Bridge over Saint Volodymyr Descent, also called the Klitschko Bridge or the Kyiv Glass Bridge, which opened on 25 May 2019. The street started to form in 1711 in place of the so-called ''Old Pechersk Road'' that used to connect Pechersk with Podil. As a city street it was known originally as ''Khreshchatyi Drive'' ( uk, Хрещатицький приїзд, Khreshchatytskyi pryizd) and later as ''Paved Street'' ( uk, Мостова вулиця, Mostova vulytsia) becoming the first city's street paved with cobblestone. Sometime in 1810s it became part of a long ''Aleksandr Street'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander II Of Russia
Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 2 March 1855 until Assassination of Alexander II of Russia, his assassination in 1881. Alexander's most significant reform as emperor was the emancipation reform of 1861, emancipation of Serfdom in Russia, Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator ( rus, Алекса́ндр Освободи́тель, r=Aleksándr Osvobodytel, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ɐsvəbɐˈdʲitʲɪlʲ). The tsar was responsible for other reforms, including reorganizing the judicial system, setting up elected local judges, abolishing corporal punishment, promoting local self-government through the ''zemstvo'' system, imposing universal military service, ending some privileges of the nobility, and promoting university e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrei Zhdanov
Andrei Aleksandrovich Zhdanov ( rus, Андре́й Алекса́ндрович Жда́нов, p=ɐnˈdrej ɐlʲɪˈksandrəvʲɪtɕ ˈʐdanəf, links=yes; – 31 August 1948) was a Soviet politician and cultural ideologist. After World War II, Zhdanov was thought to be the successor-in-waiting to Joseph Stalin but died before him. He has been described as the "propagandist-in-chief" of the Soviet Union from 1945 to 1948.V. M. Zubok and Konstantin Pleshakov. Inside the Kremlin's Cold War: from Stalin to Khrushchev. Harvard: Harvard UP, 1996, p.119 Early life Zhdanov was born in Mariupol (now Ukraine), where his father was a school inspector. His maternal grandfather was the former rector of the Moscow Theological Academy. He studied at the Moscow Commercial Institute. In 1914, he was drafted into the Russian army, graduated from an officers' school and served in the reserves. He joined the Bolsheviks in 1915. In 1917, he was chairman of the Shadrinsk committee of the Bols ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postal Square
Poshtova Square ( uk, Поштова площа, translit.: ''Poshtova Ploshcha'', literally: ''Postal Square'') in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, is one of the oldest historic squares of the city. Archaeological findings are dated back to the 4th century. A crossing of several historic streets such as Saint Volodymyr Descent, Borychiv Descent and Sahaydachny Street, the square is located at the Dnipro riverfront right next to the Kyiv River Port. The square received its name from Podil post station that was opened there in 1846. The square was also known under an alternative name as the Nativity Square ( uk, площа Різдва, ploshcha Rizdva), from the Nativity Church (built in 1810–1814, destroyed by soviets in 1936 and rebuilt in 2004). The square underwent significant reconstruction in the 1970s when the Kurenivsko-Chervonoarmiyska (today Obolonsko–Teremkivska Metro line) was built and only the post station was preserved. Currently, the post station is used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contracts Square (Kyiv)
Square of Contracts or Contract Square ( uk, Контрактова площа, translit.: ''Kontraktova ploshcha'') is a square in the historic Podil neighborhood of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. The square is an important economic, cultural, and transport center of the Podil, containing numerous architectural and historical monuments. History Contract Square is known since the Kyivan Rus' times as an important part of the Podil merchant neighborhood. The square lies in between the Andriyivskyy Descent, Sahaidachny, Pokrivska, Florivska, Prytisko-Mykilska, Kostiantynivska, Mezhyhirska, Spaska, Skovorody and Ilynska streets. The construction of the Contracts House, a permanent trading center where contracts were signed, at the end of the 18th century gave the square its current name. During 1748-1749, the Fountain of Samson was built to repair the water distribution system of the area to a design by Ukrainian architect Ivan Hryhorovych-Barskyi. The compound of the National ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hrushevsky Street (Kyiv)
Mykhailo Hrushevskyi Street or simply Hrushevskyi Street ( uk, вулиця Михайла Грушевського , translit=vulytsia Mykhaila Hrushevskoho) is a street in central Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. The street is named after Ukrainian academician, politician, historian, and statesman Mykhailo Hrushevsky. Hrushevsky wrote his first academic book on the history of Bar, Ukraine, titled ''Bar Starostvo: Historical Notes: XV-XVIII''. Mykhailo Hrushevskyi Street is located in the government quarter Lypky Subdivisions of Kyiv, neighborhood of the Pecherskyi District. It houses the Verkhovna Rada building, Supreme Council Building, Budynok Uryadu, Government Building and the Parliamentary Library. It is adjacent to Mariinskyi Park which contains Constitution Square (Kyiv), Constitution Square. The street acts as a border between the Pechersk, Kyiv, Pechersk and Lypky neighborhoods. At the European Square this street connects to Old Kyiv. There is a noticeable ascend tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fritz Todt
Fritz Todt (; 4 September 1891 – 8 February 1942) was a German construction engineer and senior Nazi who rose from the position of Inspector General for German Roadways, in which he directed the construction of the German autobahns (''Reichsautobahnen''), to become the Reich Minister for Armaments and Ammunition. From that position, he directed the entire German wartime military economy. Before the beginning of World War II, he initiated what Hitler called ''Organisation Todt'', a military-engineering company that supplied industry with forced labour, built fortifications such as the ''Westwall'' and Atlantic Wall with that labour, and administered construction of the Nazi concentration camps in the late phase of Nazi Germany. Todt died in an aircraft crash in 1942. Early life and education Todt was born in Pforzheim in the Grand Duchy of Baden (now in Baden-Württemberg) to Emil Todt (1861–1909) and his wife, Elise, née Unterecker (1869–1935). His father owned a sm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Kirov
Sergei Mironovich Kirov (né Kostrikov; 27 March 1886 – 1 December 1934) was a Soviet politician and Bolshevik revolutionary whose assassination led to the first Great Purge. Kirov was an early revolutionary in the Russian Empire and member of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. Kirov became an Old Bolshevik and personal friend to Joseph Stalin, rising through the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ranks to become head of the party in Leningrad and a member of the Politburo. On 1 December 1934, Kirov was shot and killed by Leonid Nikolaev at his offices in the Smolny Institute for unknown reasons; Nikolaev and several suspected accomplices were convicted in a show trial and executed less than 30 days later. Kirov's death was later used as a pretext for Stalin's escalation of political repression in the Soviet Union and the events of the Great Purge, with complicity as a common charge for the condemned in the Moscow Trials. Kirov's assassina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Ukraine
The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic ( uk, Украї́нська Радя́нська Соціалісти́чна Респу́бліка, ; russian: Украи́нская Сове́тская Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика, group=note), abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkrSSR, or UkSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991. In the anthem of the Ukrainian SSR, it was referred to simply as ''Ukraine''. Under the Soviet one-party model, the Ukrainian SSR was governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union through its republican branch: the Communist Party of Ukraine. The first iterations of the Ukrainian SSR were established during the Russian Revolution, particularly after the Bolshevik Revolution. The outbreak of the Ukrainian–Soviet War in the former Russian Empire saw the Bolsheviks defeat the independent Ukrainian People's Republic, after which they founded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
October Revolution
The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917–1923. It was the second revolutionary change of government in Russia in 1917. It took place through an armed insurrection in Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) on . It was the precipitating event of the Russian Civil War. The October Revolution followed and capitalized on the February Revolution earlier that year, which had overthrown the Tsarist autocracy, resulting in a liberal provisional government. The provisional government had taken power after being proclaimed by Grand Duke Michael, Tsar Nicholas II's younger brother, who declined to take power after the Tsar stepped down. During this time, urban workers began to organize into councils (soviets) wherein revolutionaries criticized the pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cobblestone
Cobblestone is a natural building material based on cobble-sized stones, and is used for pavement roads, streets, and buildings. Setts, also called Belgian blocks, are often casually referred to as "cobbles", although a sett is distinct from a cobblestone by being quarried or shaped to a regular form, whereas cobblestone is generally of a naturally occurring form and is less uniform in size. Use in roading Cobblestones are typically either set in sand or similar material, or are bound together with mortar. Paving with cobblestones allows a road to be heavily used all year long. It prevents the build-up of ruts often found in dirt roads. It has the additional advantage of immediately draining water, and not getting muddy in wet weather or dusty in dry weather. Shod horses are also able to get better traction on stone cobbles, pitches or setts than tarmac or asphalt. The fact that carriage wheels, horse hooves and even modern automobiles make a lot of noise when rolling ove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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