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Viral Epitranscriptome
The viral epitranscriptome includes all modifications to viral transcripts, studied by viral epitranscriptomics. Like the more general epitranscriptome, these modifications do not affect the sequence of the transcript, but rather have consequences on subsequent structures and functions. History The discovery of mRNA modifications dates back to 1957 with the discovery of the pseudouridine modification. Many of these modifications were found in the noncoding regions of cellular RNA. Once these modifications were discovered in mRNA, discoveries in viral transcripts soon followed. Detections have been aided with the advancement and use of new techniques such as m6A seq. Mechanisms Complexes Viral RNA modifications use the same machinery as cellular RNA. This involves the use of "writer" and "reader" complexes. The writer complex contains the enzyme methyl transferase-like 3 (METTL3) and its cofactors like METTL14, WTP, KIAA1492 and RBM15/RBM15B which adds the m6A modificat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epitranscriptome
Within the field of molecular biology, the epitranscriptome includes all the biochemical modifications of the RNA (the transcriptome) within a cell. In analogy to epigenetics that describes "functionally relevant changes to the genome that do not involve a change in the nucleotide sequence", epitranscriptomics involves all functionally relevant changes to the transcriptome that do not involve a change in the ribonucleotide sequence. Thus, the epitranscriptome can be defined as the ensemble of such functionally relevant changes. There are several types of RNA modifications that impact gene expression. These modifications happen to many types of cellular RNA including, but not limited to, ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and small nuclear RNA (snRNA). The most common and well-understood mRNA modification at present is N6-Methyladenosine (m6A), which has been observed to occur an average of three times in every mRNA molecule. Currently, work is focused ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
