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Victor Makeev
Viktor Petrovich Makeyev (also Makeev; ; 25 October 1924 – 25 October 1985) was a Soviet engineer in the Soviet space program who was also a central and founding figure in development of Submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) for the Soviet Navy. Biography Born on October 25, 1924 in the village of Protopopovo (now the Kirovsky district of the city of Kolomna). Since 1939 he worked at an aircraft plant in Moscow, and since 1941 in evacuation in Kazan as a draftsman and designer. He demonstrated the ability to skillfully solve design problems in the conditions of intense serial production of Pe-2 aircraft. Studied at the evening department of KAI (1942), then was transferred to the daytime department of MAI (1944). In 1950 he graduated from the Higher Engineering Courses at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Since 1947, in parallel with his studies, he worked at OKB-1 and NII-88 as a leading designer (until 1955). Participant in the creation (leading designe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Governorate
The Moscow Governorate was a province ('' guberniya'') of the Tsardom of Russia, and the Russian Empire. It was bordered by Tver Governorate to the north, Vladimir Governorate to the northeast, Ryazan Governorate to the southeast, Tula Governorate to the south, Kaluga Governorate to the southwest, and Smolensk Governorate to the west. Moscow Governorate consisted of an area of and a population of 2,430,581 in 1897. Its capital was in Moscow. Administrative division The counties (''uezds'') of the Moscow Governorate in 1897 were as follows: History Moscow Governorate, together with seven other governorates, was established on , 1708, by Tsar Peter the Great's edict.Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписа ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Navy
The Soviet Navy was the naval warfare Military, uniform service branch of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet, the Soviet Navy made up a large part of the Soviet Union's strategic planning in the event of a conflict with the opposing superpower, the United States, during the Cold War (1945–1991). The Soviet Navy played a large role during the Cold War, either confronting the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in western Europe or power projection to maintain its Warsaw Pact, sphere of influence in eastern Europe. The Soviet Navy was divided into four major fleets: the Soviet Northern Fleet, Northern, Pacific Fleet (Russia), Pacific, Black Sea Fleet, Black Sea, and Baltic Fleet, Baltic Fleets, in addition to the Leningrad Naval Base, which was commanded separately. It also had a smaller force, the Caspian Flotilla, which operated in the Caspian Sea and was followed by a larger fleet, the 5th Operational Squadron, 5th Squadron, in the Mediterranean Sea. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ballistic Missiles
A ballistic missile is a type of missile that uses projectile motion to deliver warheads on a target. These weapons are powered only during relatively brief periods—most of the flight is unpowered. Short-range ballistic missiles (SRBM) typically stay within the Earth's atmosphere, while most larger missiles travel outside the atmosphere. The type of ballistic missile with the greatest range is an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). The largest ICBMs are capable of full orbital flight. These missiles are in a distinct category from cruise missiles, which are aerodynamically guided in powered flight and thus restricted to the atmosphere. History One modern pioneer ballistic missile was the A-4, commonly known as the V-2, developed by Nazi Germany in the 1930s and 1940s under the direction of Wernher von Braun. The first successful launch of a V-2 was on October 3, 1942, and it began operation on September 6, 1944, against Paris, followed by an attack on London two day ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Submarine
A submarine (often shortened to sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. (It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability.) The term "submarine" is also sometimes used historically or informally to refer to remotely operated vehicles and Autonomous underwater vehicle, robots, or to medium-sized or smaller vessels (such as the midget submarine and the wet sub). Submarines are referred to as ''boats'' rather than ''ships'' regardless of their size. Although experimental submarines had been built earlier, submarine design took off during the 19th century, and submarines were adopted by several navies. They were first used widely during World War I (1914–1918), and are now used in many navy, navies, large and small. Their military uses include: attacking enemy surface ships (merchant and military) or other submarines; aircraft carrier protection; Blockade runner, blockade running; Ballistic missile submarine, nuclear deterrenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USSR Academy Of Sciences
The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union). In 1991, by the decree of the President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Russian Academy of Sciences was established on the basis of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. History Creation of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was formed by a resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union dated July 27, 1925, on the basis of the Russian Academy of Sciences (before the February Revolution – the Imperial Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences). In the first years of Soviet Russia, the Institute of the Academy of Sciences was perceived ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moscow Institute Of Physics And Technology
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT; , also known as PhysTech), is a public university, public research university located in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It prepares specialists in theoretical physics, theoretical and applied physics, applied mathematics and related disciplines. The main MIPT campus is located in Dolgoprudny, a northern suburb of Moscow. However the Department of Aeromechanics and Flight Engineering of MIPT, Aeromechanics Department is based in Zhukovsky (city), Zhukovsky, a suburb south-east of Moscow. As Phystech's founder, Pyotr Kapitsa, designed the institute inspired by and in accordance with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology model, Phystech is commonly hailed as the "MIT of Russia" and is considered to be the leading specialized technical institution of higher education in the former Soviet Union. Nikolay Kudryavtsev (Кудрявцев Николай Николаевич]), the president of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Ural State University
South Ural State University (SUSU) () in Chelyabinsk is an educational institution in Russia. It is among the top-ten of the Russian universities according to the state rating of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, and the largest in Russia in terms of the number of undergraduates. Globally, it was ranked #801–1000 in ''QS World University Rankings'' 2022, #901–1000 in Three University Missions Ranking 2021, #1,001+ in ''Times Higher Education World University Rankings'' 2021, and #1,355 by Webometrics Ranking of World Universities. Starting from 2010 SUSU has been holding a status of a National Research University. In 2015 the university became one of the Russian universities chosen for participation in Project 5-100 aiming at improving the competitive standing of Russian universities. Shestakov Alexander (Шестаков Александр Леонидович]), the rector of the South Ural State University has signed a 2022 address of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makeyev Rocket Design Bureau
The JSC Makeyev Design Bureau (; also known as Makeyev OKB) is a Russian missile design company located in Miass, Russia. Established in December 1947 as SKB-385 in Zlatoust (see Zlatoust Machine-Building Plant), the company was the main designer of submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBM) in Russia. In 1955, the company was moved to Miass. In 1965, SKB-385 was redesignated the Design Bureau of Machine-Building (KBM) under the Ministry of General Machine-Building. In 1993, the organization was posthumously renamed in honor of Victor Makeyev, who had been the Chief Designer of SKB-385. Its full official name is State Rocket Center «Academician V.P. Makeev Design Bureau». Rockets and missiles *R-11 Zemlya *R-13 (missile) *R-17 Elbrus *R-21 (missile) *Shtil' *Volna *R-27 Zyb *R-29 Vysota *R-29RM Shtil *R-29RMU Sineva *R-29RMU2 Layner *R-39 Rif *RS-28 Sarmat *CORONA (SSTO), CORONA *:ru:Россиянка (ракета-носитель), ROSSIYANKA References External links ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Korolev
Sergei Pavlovich Korolev (14 January 1966) was the lead Soviet Aerospace engineering, rocket engineer and spacecraft designer during the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. He invented the R-7 Semyorka, R-7 Rocket, Sputnik 1, and was involved in the launching of Laika, Sputnik 3, the first luna 2, human-made object to make contact with another celestial body, Soviet space dogs#Belka and Strelka, Belka and Strelka, the first human being, Yuri Gagarin, into space, Voskhod 1, and the first person, Alexei Leonov, to conduct a Voskhod 2, spacewalk. Although Korolev trained as an aircraft designer, his greatest strengths proved to be in design integration, organization and strategic planning. Arrested on a false official charge as a "member of an anti-Soviet counter-revolutionary organization" (which would later be reduced to "saboteur of military technology"), he was imprisoned in 1938 for almost six years, including a few months in a K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komsomol
The All-Union Leninist Young Communist League, usually known as Komsomol, was a political youth organization in the Soviet Union. It is sometimes described as the youth division of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), although it was officially independent and referred to as "the helper and the reserve of the CPSU". The Komsomol in its earliest form was established in urban areas in 1918. During the early years, it was a Russian organization, known as the Russian Young Communist League, or RKSM. During 1922, with the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR, unification of the USSR, it was reformed into an all-union agency, the youth division of the All-Union Communist Party. It was the final stage of three youth organizations with members up to age 28, graduated at 14 from the Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization, Young Pioneers, and at nine from the Little Octobrists. History Before the February Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks did not display any interes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
R-11 Zemlya
The R-11 Zemlya (), GRAU index 8A61 was a Soviet tactical ballistic missile. It is also known by its NATO reporting name SS-1b Scud-A. It was the first of several similar Soviet missiles to be given the reporting name Scud. Variant R-11M was accepted into service, with GRAU index 9K51 (9К51). Origin The R-11 originated from a 1951 requirement for a ballistic missile with similar performance to the German V-2 rocket, but half its size. With the Wasserfall, an anti-aircraft version of the V-2, as a model the R-11 was developed by engineer Victor Makeev, who was then working in OKB-1, headed by Sergey Korolyov. The two men agreed on the use of RG-1 as the fuel, but disagreed over which oxidizer to use, with Korolev favouring the use of liquid oxygen, while Makeev advocated the use of a storable but toxic oxidizer. Makeev's version, that first flew on 18 April 1953, was fitted with an Isayev engine using RG-1 and nitric acid. On 13 December 1953, a production order was passed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TsNIIMash
TsNIIMash () is a Russian rocket and spacecraft scientific center, dealing with all phases of development from conceptual design to flight test. The Institute is the main analytical center of Roskosmos in the field of system-wide studies of the problems of the development of Russia's RKT with a wide range of tasks: from conceptual design and long-term prospects for the development of rocket and space technology to specific technological developments and their conversion in the interests of other industries. It was established in 1946. The name TsNIIMash is an initialism for Central Research Institute of Machine Building (). History Originally called NII-88 (Scientific-Research Institute No.88), the entity was established on May 13, 1946, located at what was then called Kaliningrad, Moscow Oblast (now Korolyov), northeast of Moscow. It was based on Plant No. 88 (full name: M.I. Kalinin Plant No. 88, producing artillery and tanks during WW2) and headed by Dmitriy Ustinov who had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
