Viktor Petrovich Makeyev (also Makeev; russian: Ви́ктор Петро́вич Маке́ев; 25 October 1924 – 25 October 1985) was a Soviet engineer in the

Soviet space program The Soviet space program (russian: Космическая программа СССР, Kosmicheskaya programma SSSR) was the national space program of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), active from 1955 until the dissoluti ...

who was also a central and founding figure in development of

Submarine-launched ballistic missile A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of which carries a nuclear warhead ...

(SLBM) for the Soviet Navy.

Work

Makeyev's work has resulted in three generations of

submarine A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely op ...

-launched

ballistic missiles A ballistic missile is a type of missile that uses projectile motion to deliver warheads on a target. These weapons are guided only during relatively brief periods—most of the flight is unpowered. Short-range ballistic missiles stay within the ...

being used by the Russian Navy. Among these were: ;First generation *

R-11FM The R-11 Zemlya, GRAU index 8A61 was a Soviet tactical ballistic missile. It is also known by its NATO reporting name SS-1b Scud-A. It was the first of several similar Soviet missiles to be given the reporting name Scud. Variant R-11M was accept ...

– the first Soviet

SLBM A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from Ballistic missile submarine, submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of whic ...

. *

R-13 R13 or R-XIII may refer to: Aviation * Fouga CM.8 R13 Cyclone, a French sailplane * Lublin R-XIII, a Polish army-cooperation plane * Tumansky R-13, a Soviet turbojet engine Roads * Jalan Gua Kelam, in Malaysia * R-13 regional road (Montene ...

* R-17 – known by

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

as ''

Scud A Scud missile is one of a series of tactical ballistic missiles developed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. It was exported widely to both Second World, Second and Third World, Third World countries. The term comes from the NATO reporti ...

-B'' * R-21 (SS-N-5 "Sark") – the first Soviet rocket with underwater launch (1963) ;Second generation * R-27 – the first rocket with factory fuelling (1968) * R-27K * R-29 – the world first intercontinental

(1974) ;Third generation * R-29R – the first intercontinental SLBM with MRV (1977) * R-39 – the first intercontinental SLBM with

MIRV A multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) is an exoatmospheric ballistic missile payload containing several warheads, each capable of being aimed to hit a different target. The concept is almost invariably associated with in ...

(1983) *

R-29RM The R-29RM Shtil (Russian: Штиль, lit. ''"Calmness"'', NATO reporting name SS-N-23 Skiff) was a liquid propellant, submarine-launched ballistic missile in use by the Russian Navy. It had the alternate Russian designations RSM-54 and GRAU ...

– a complex rocket of very high technical perfection The domestic school of sea rocket production, founded and headed by Makeyev, has reached world excellence in a number of tactical and operational characteristics of rockets, control systems, starting systems. The key areas of expertise are: * accommodation of engines inside tanks of fuel or oxidizer * maximizing fuel capacitance of rocket shell * successful use of astrocorrection in ballistic missiles * use of zone amortization using elastomer materials * ampulized fuel tanks factory refuelling Under his management the unique laboratory/experimental base provided complex ground working for rockets. In 1991, the State Rocket Center

Makeyev Rocket Design Bureau The JSC Makeyev Design Bureau (russian: ГРЦ Макеева; also known as Makeyev OKB) is a Russian missile design company located in Miass, Russia. Established in December 1947 as SKB-385 in Zlatoust (see Zlatoust Machine-Building Plant), th ...

was named after him. Also named in honour of Makeyev are an avenue in

Miass Miass ( rus, Миа́сс, p=mʲɪˈas) is a city in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located west of Chelyabinsk, on the eastern slope of the Southern Ural Mountains, on the bank of the river Miass. Population: Name The name Miass is taken from ...

, a street in

Kolomna Kolomna ( rus, Колóмна, p=kɐˈlomnə) is a historical types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, situated at the confluence of the Moskva River, Moskva and Oka Rivers, (by rail) southeast of Moscow. Populati ...

, and a vessel of the

Northern fleet Severnyy flot , image = Great emblem of the Northern Fleet.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Northern Fleet's great emblem , start_date = June 1, 1733; Sov ...

. Makeyev's

bust Bust commonly refers to: * A woman's breasts * Bust (sculpture), of head and shoulders * An arrest Bust may also refer to: Places *Bust, Bas-Rhin, a city in France *Lashkargah, Afghanistan, known as Bust historically Media * ''Bust'' (magazine ...

is displayed in Miass and

. Grants in his name were established in several universities. The Federation of Astronautics of the country has founded a medal. The academician of the century of Item of V. Makeyev. Makeyev was the author of 32 basic inventions, and published more than 200 printed works including monographs.

Awards

* 1959 –

Order of Lenin The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration b ...

* 1961 –

Hero of Socialist Labor The Hero of Socialist Labour (russian: links=no, Герой Социалистического Труда, Geroy Sotsialisticheskogo Truda) was an honorific title in the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact countries from 1938 to 1991. It repre ...

(highest civilian award) * 1965 – Dr.Sci.Tech. * 1968 – Member of the

USSR Academy of Sciences The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991, uniting the country's leading scientists, subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 ...

* 1968 –

USSR State Prize The USSR State Prize (russian: links=no, Государственная премия СССР, Gosudarstvennaya premiya SSSR) was the Soviet Union's state honor. It was established on 9 September 1966. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, t ...

* 1974 – Hero of Socialist Labor * 1978 – USSR State Prize * 1983 – USSR State Prize

Literature

"Rockets and people"
– B. E. Chertok, M: "mechanical engineering", 1999. * "Testing of rocket and space technology - the business of my life" Events and facts - A.I. Ostashev, Korolyov, 200

* "S. P. Korolev. Encyclopedia of life and creativity" - edited by C. A. Lopota, S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia, RSC Energia. S. P. Korolev, 2014 * A.I. Ostashev, ''Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov - The Genius of the 20th Century'' — 2010 M. of Public Educational Institution of Higher Professional Training MGUL . * "I look back and have no regrets. " - Author: Abramov, Anatoly Petrovich: publisher "New format" Barnaul, 2022.

External links

Viktor Makeyev
family history

In English

at RussianSpaceWeb.com
Makeyev's State Rocket Centre

In Russian

Airfleet

Makeyev

{{DEFAULTSORT:Makeyev, Viktor 1924 births 1985 deaths Heroes of Socialist Labour Moscow Aviation Institute alumni Soviet space program personnel Soviet scientists Soviet inventors Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology faculty Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences