|
Vameq I Dadiani
Vameq I Dadiani ( ka, ვამეყ I დადიანი; died 1396) was a member of the House of Dadiani and ''eristavi'' ("duke") of Odishi in western Georgia from 1384 until his death. Vameq succeeded on the death of his father, Giorgi II Dadiani, as duke of Odishi (latter-day Mingrelia) in 1384. According to the early 18th-century Georgian historian Prince Vakhushti, Vameq's status was confirmed by King Bagrat V of Georgia. Like his father, Vameq also had the title of ''mandaturt-ukhutsesi'' ("Lord High Steward") of the Kingdom of Georgia. During Vameq's tenure, Georgia was subjected to a series of invasions by the Turco-Mongol emir Timur, of which the kingdom's northwestern provinces were largely spared. The ''eristavi'' Giorgi, a scion of the former kings of Imereti, took advantage of this and proclaimed himself an independent king in 1389. Many of the western Georgian nobles' reaction to this move was hostile and Giorgi launched a campaign against Dadiani, hoping hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Dadiani
The House of Dadiani ( ka, დადიანი ), later known as the House of Dadiani- Chikovani, was a Georgian family of nobles, dukes and princes, and a ruling dynasty of the western Georgian province of Mingrelia. The House of Dadiani The first data about the family dates back to 1046 AD. Presumably, the Dadiani descended from a certain Dadi, of the House of Vardanisdze. Appointed as hereditary ''eristavi'' (dukes) of Odishi (Samegrelo) in reward for their military services, the family had become the most powerful feudal house in western Georgia by the 1280's. At that time, the branches of the family governed also Svaneti, Guria, and Bedia. In 1542 AD, Duke Levan I Dadiani became hereditary Prince (''mtavari'') of Mingrelia and established himself as an independent ruler. His descendant Prince Levan III Dadiani was forced to abdicate in 1691 AD and Dadiani’s relatives from the House of Chikovani, hitherto Princes of Salipartiano, inherited the title of Princes of Ming ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Imereti
The Kingdom of Imereti ( ka, იმერეთის სამეფო, tr) was a Georgian monarchy established in 1455 by a member of the house of Bagrationi when the Kingdom of Georgia was dissolved into rival kingdoms. Before that time, Imereti was considered a separate kingdom within the Kingdom of Georgia, of which a cadet branch of the Bagrationi royal family held the crown. The realm was conquered by George V the Brilliant and once again united with the east Kingdom of Georgia.D.M.Lang - Georgia in the Reign of Giorgi the Brilliant (1314-1346), Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 17, pp. 74-91 From 1455 onward, however, Imereti became a constant battleground between Georgian and Ottoman forces for several centuries, resulting in the kingdom's progressive decline due to this ongoing instability. Under pressure from Pavel Tsitsianov, in 1804 Solomon II of Imereti accepted Russian Imperial suzerainty, only to be deposed entir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Of Mingrelia
Principalities Princes and dukes of Guria * Kakhaber I Gurieli c. 1385–1410 *Mamia Gurieli c. 1450–1469 *Kakhaber II Gurieli 1469–1483 * Giorgi I Gurieli 1483–1512 *Mamia I Gurieli 1512–1534 *Rostom Gurieli 1534–1564 *Giorgi II Gurieli 1564–1583 *Vakhtang I Gurieli 1583–1587 *Giorgi II Gurieli 1587–1600 *Mamia II Gurieli 1600–1625 * Simon I Gurieli 1625 *Kaikhosro I Gurieli 1625–1658 * Demetre Gurieli 1659–1668 *Giorgi III Gurieli 1669–1684 *Kaikhosro II Gurieli 1685–1689 *Mamia III Gurieli 1689–1712 * Giorgi IV Gurieli 1712 *Kaikhosro III Gurieli 1716 * Mamia IV Gurieli 1726–1756 * Giorgi V Gurieli 1756–1758 *Simon II Gurieli 1788–1792 *Vakhtang II Gurieli 1792–1797 *Mamia V Gurieli 1797–1826 *Kaikhosro IV Gurieli, 1797–1809 *David Gurieli 1826–1829 Princes of Svaneti * Konstantine Dadeshkeliani (born 1826– died 1857) ** Tsiokh Dadeshkeliani ** Tengis Dadeshkeliani ** Isam Dadeshkeliani Princes of Meskheti * Botso Jaqeli c. 1184 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamia II Dadiani
Mamia II Dadiani ( ka, მამია II დადიანი; died 1414) was a member of the House of Dadiani and ''eristavi'' ("duke") of Odishi, latter-day Mingrelia, in western Georgia from 1396 until his death. Mamia was the son of Vameq I Dadiani, ''eristavi'' of Odishi, on whose death he succeeded in 1396. During his tenure, the Kingdom of Georgia was subjected to repeated attacks by the Turco-Mongol emir Timur, which devastated the country and shattered its unity. The western Georgian provinces were claimed by scions of the former kings of Imereti, but their attempts to bend the Dadiani into submission went in vain. Mamia continued his predecessors' efforts to aggrandize the duchy of Odishi. In 1414, he went to war against the Abkhazians, but was killed in battle. Mamia had two sons, Liparit I and Vameq II, both the future ''eristavi'' of Odishi. If Tedo Zhordania's identification, in 1902, of Mamia II with the ''eristavt-eristavi'' ("duke of dukes") and ''mandaturt-ukh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantinople
la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه , alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya (Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ("the Great City"), Πόλις ("the City"), Kostantiniyye or Konstantinopolis ( Turkish) , image = Byzantine Constantinople-en.png , alt = , caption = Map of Constantinople in the Byzantine period, corresponding to the modern-day Fatih district of Istanbul , map_type = Istanbul#Turkey Marmara#Turkey , map_alt = A map of Byzantine Istanbul. , map_size = 275 , map_caption = Constantinople was founded on the former site of the Greek colony of Byzantion, which today is known as Istanbul in Turkey. , coordinates = , location = Fatih, İstanbul, Turkey , region = Marmara Region , type = Imperial city , part_of = , length = , width ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsalenjikha Cathedral
The Tsalenjikha Cathedral Church of the Transfiguration of Savior ( ka, წალენჯიხის მაცხოვრის ფერისცვალების საკათედრო ტაძარი, tr) is a medieval Georgian Orthodox cathedral at the town of Tsalenjikha, Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region, Georgia. The cathedral is administered by the Zugdidi and Tsaishi Eparchy of the Georgian Orthodox Church. It is best known for a unique cycle of murals which exemplifies the direct import of Byzantine Palaeologan style and even artists in Georgia. History and architecture Built in the 12th-14th centuries, the Tsalenjikha Cathedral is a central cross-domed church with a narthex and three arcaded galleries two of which, that to the south and north, had been converted into the familial chapel of the House of Dadiani. The church is encircled by the circuit wall with a two-storey bell-tower in its north-western corner. Outside the wall, the Dadiani palace lay in r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople. It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire remained the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. The terms "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" were coined after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the Roman Empire, and to themselves as Romans—a term which Greeks continued to use for themselves into Ottoman times. Although the Roman state continued and its traditions were maintained, modern historians prefer to differentiate the Byzantine Empire from Ancient Rome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gagra
Gagra ( ka, გაგრა; Abkhaz and Russian: Гагра) is a town in Abkhazia/Georgia, sprawling for 5 km on the northeast coast of the Black Sea, at the foot of the Caucasus Mountains. Its subtropical climate made Gagra a popular health resort in Imperial Russian and Soviet times. It had a population of 26,636 in 1989, but this has fallen considerably due to the ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia and other demographic shifts during and after the War in Abkhazia (1992–93). Gagra is the centre of the district of the same name. It is located in the western part of Region of Abkhazia, and river Psou serves as a border with Krasnodar Krai of Russia. Etymology According to some Georgian scholars, ''Gagra'' is derived from ''Gakra'' meaning "walnut" in the Svan language. According to the Soviet writer Bondaryev, the name of the city originates from the local ''Gagaa'' clan. According to Professor V. Kvarchija, Gagra ( Gagra and the Abkhazian capital Sukhumi wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygii
The Zygii ( grc-gre, Ζυγοί, ''Zygoí'') or Zygians were described by Strabo as a nation to the north of Colchis. He wrote: ''And on the sea lies the Asiatic side of the Bosporus, or the Syndic territory. After this latter, one comes to the Achaei and the Zygii and the Heniochi, and also the Cercetae and the Macropogones. And above these are situated the narrow passes of the Phtheirophagi (Phthirophagi); and after the Heniochi the Colchian country, which lies at the foot of the Caucasian, or Moschian, Mountains.'' (Strabo, ''Geographica'' 11.2) William Smith observes that "they were partly nomad shepherds, partly brigands and pirates, for which latter vocation they had ships specially adapted". They inhabited the region known as Zyx, which is on the northern slopes of the Western Caucasus. To the east were the Avars. To the north was Sarmatian territory, and to the south lay the part of Colchis inhabited by the Svans (''Soanes'' of Strabo and Pliny the Elder). Initially, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khobi Cathedral
The Khobi Monastery ka, ხობის მონასტერი, tr), officially the Nojikhevi convent of the Dormition (ნოჯიხევის ყოვლადწმინდა ღვთისმშობლის მიძინების სახელობის დედათა მონასტერი), is a Georgian Orthodox monastery in western Georgia, near the town of Khobi. The church building is dated to the 13th century. Its exterior is adorned with ornamental stone carvings, while the interior contains frescoes. The monastery served as a dynastic abbey of the Dadiani of Mingrelia and housed several Christian relics and icons. The monastery is inscribed on the list of the Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance. History The Khobi church stands at the village of Nojikhevi, some 3 km north of the town of Khobi, Khobi Municipality, in Georgia's Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region. The area is part of the historical and cultural province o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George VII Of Georgia
George VII (Georgian: გიორგი VII) (died 1405 or 1407) was king of Georgia from 1393 to 1407 (alternatively, from 1395 to 1405). George was the son of the king Bagrat V and his first wife Elene of Trebizond (died of bubonic plague, 1366). Bagrat appointed him co-ruler in 1369. In November 1386, King Bagrat was defeated and taken prisoner by the Turco-Mongol warlord Timur (or Tamerlane). Prince George organized a successful resistance to the next incursion and released his father. In 1393, Bagrat died and George assumed full royal powers. He spent most of his reign fighting Timur who led seven more expeditions against the stubborn Georgian kingdom from 1387 to 1403, leaving the country in ruins. Finally, in 1403 George had to make peace with the fierce enemy, recognising Timur as a suzerain and paying him tribute, but retaining the right to be crowned as a Christian monarch. He was killed in battle against the Turkmen nomads, apparently of the Kara Koyunlu clan. Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Tsalenjikha Cathedral")
