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VERSAdos
VERSAdos is an operating system dating back to the early 1980s for use on the Motorola 68000 development system called the ''EXORmacs'' which featured the VERSAbus and an array of option cards. They were typically connected to CDC Phoenix disk drives running one to four 14-inch platters. The EXORmacs was used to emulate a 680xx processor in-circuit, speeding development of 680xx based systems. It also hosted several compilers and assemblers. VERSAdos and the EXORmacs were produced by Motorola's Microsystems Division. Overview VERSAdos was a real-time, multi-user operating system. It was the follow on product to the single user MDOS that ran the 6800 development system called the EXORciser. Both systems features a harness with a CPU socket compatible connector. A Modula 2 compiler was ported to VERSAdos. Commands The following list of commands and utilities are supported by VERSAdos. * ^ * ACCT * ARGUMENTS * ASSIGN * BACKUP * BATCH * BSTOP * BTERM * BUILDS * BYE * CANCEL * ...
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EXORmacs
VERSAdos is an operating system dating back to the early 1980s for use on the Motorola 68000 development system called the ''EXORmacs'' which featured the VERSAbus and an array of option cards. They were typically connected to CDC Phoenix disk drives running one to four 14-inch platters. The EXORmacs was used to emulate a 680xx processor in-circuit, speeding development of 680xx based systems. It also hosted several compilers and assemblers. VERSAdos and the EXORmacs were produced by Motorola's Microsystems Division. Overview VERSAdos was a real-time, multi-user operating system. It was the follow on product to the single user MDOS that ran the 6800 development system called the EXORciser. Both systems features a harness with a CPU socket compatible connector. A Modula 2 compiler was ported to VERSAdos. Commands The following list of commands and utilities are supported by VERSAdos. * ^ * ACCT * ARGUMENTS * ASSIGN * BACKUP * BATCH * BSTOP * BTERM * BUILDS * BYE * CANCEL * ...
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TIME (command)
In computing, TIME is a command in DEC RT-11, DOS, IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows and a number of other operating systems that is used to display and set the current system time. It is included in command-line interpreters ( shells) such as COMMAND.COM, cmd.exe, 4DOS, 4OS2 and 4NT. Implementations The command is also available in the Motorola VERSAdos, Intel iRMX 86, PC-MOS, SpartaDOS X, ReactOS, SymbOS, and DexOS operating systems as well as in the EFI shell. On MS-DOS, the command is available in versions 1 and later. In Unix, the date command displays and sets both the time and date, in a similar manner. Syntax The syntax differs depending on the specific platform and implementation: DOS TIME ime OS/2 (CMD.EXE) TIME h-mm-ss N Note: /N means no prompt for TIME. Windows (CMD.EXE) TIME time When this command is called from the command line or a batch script, it will display the time and wait for the user to type a new time and press RETURN. Pressing RETURN withou ...
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Help (command)
In computing, help is a command in various command line shells such as COMMAND.COM, cmd.exe, Bash, qshell, 4DOS/ 4NT, Windows PowerShell, Singularity shell, Python, MATLAB and GNU Octave. It provides online information about available commands and the shell environment. Implementations The command is available in operating systems such as Multics, Heath Company HDOS, DOS, IBM OS/2, eComStation, ArcaOS, IBM i, Microsoft Windows, ReactOS, THEOS/OASIS, Zilog Z80-RIO, Microware OS-9, Stratus OpenVOS, HP MPE/iX, Motorola VERSAdos, KolibriOS and also in the DEC RT-11, RSX-11, TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 operating systems. Furthermore it is available in the open source MS-DOS emulator DOSBox and in the EFI shell. On Unix, the command is part of the Source Code Control System and prints help information for the SCCS commands. Multics The Multics help command prints descriptions of system commands/active functions and subroutines. It also prints various information about the ...
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Motorola
Motorola, Inc. () was an American Multinational corporation, multinational telecommunications company based in Schaumburg, Illinois, United States. After having lost $4.3 billion from 2007 to 2009, the company split into two independent public companies, Motorola Mobility and Motorola Solutions on January 4, 2011. Motorola Solutions is the legal successor to Motorola, Inc., as the reorganization was structured with Motorola Mobility being spun off. Motorola Mobility was acquired by Lenovo in 2014. Motorola designed and sold wireless network equipment such as cellular transmission base stations and signal amplifiers. Motorola's home and broadcast network products included set-top boxes, digital video recorders, and network equipment used to enable video broadcasting, computer telephony, and high-definition television. Its business and government customers consisted mainly of wireless voice and broadband systems (used to build private networks), and, public safety communicat ...
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CPU Socket
In computer hardware, a CPU socket or CPU slot contains one or more mechanical components providing mechanical and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board (PCB). This allows for placing and replacing the central processing unit (CPU) without soldering. Common sockets have retention clips that apply a constant force, which must be overcome when a device is inserted. For chips with many pins, zero insertion force (ZIF) sockets are preferred. Common sockets include Pin Grid Array (PGA) or Land Grid Array (LGA). These designs apply a compression force once either a handle (PGA type) or a surface plate (LGA type) is put into place. This provides superior mechanical retention while avoiding the risk of bending pins when inserting the chip into the socket. Certain devices use Ball Grid Array (BGA) sockets, although these require soldering and are generally not considered user replaceable. CPU sockets are used on the motherboard in desktop and serv ...
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CP/M-68K
CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created in 1974 for Intel 8080/ 85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc. Initially confined to single-tasking on 8-bit processors and no more than 64 kilobytes of memory, later versions of CP/M added multi-user variations and were migrated to 16-bit processors. The combination of CP/M and S-100 bus computers became an early standard in the microcomputer industry. This computer platform was widely used in business through the late 1970s and into the mid-1980s. CP/M increased the market size for both hardware and software by greatly reducing the amount of programming required to install an application on a new manufacturer's computer. An important driver of software innovation was the advent of (comparatively) low-cost microcomputers running CP/M, as independent programmers and hackers bought them and shared their creat ...
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Start (command)
In computing, start is a command of the IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows and ReactOS command-line interpreter cmd.exe (and some versions of COMMAND.COM) to start programs or batch files or to open files or directories using the default program. is not available as a standalone program. The underlying Win32 API is . The command is also one of the basic commands implemented in the Keyboard Monitor (KMON) of the DEC RT-11 operating system. The TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 operating systems also provide a start command. It is used to start a program in memory at a specified address. Other environments * Typical Unix shells (bash, etc.) have no built-in registry of file types and associated default applications. Linux command-line tools with similar functions include xdg-open and run-mailcap. * On Cygwin, the command is implemented as the executable. * In PowerShell, the Invoke-Item cmdlet is used to invoke an executable or open a file. * On Apple macOS, the corresponding command is open. * ...
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Dir (command)
In computing, dir (directory) is a command in various computer operating systems used for computer file and directory listing. It is one of the basic commands to help navigate the file system. The command is usually implemented as an internal command in the command-line interpreter (shell). On some systems, a more graphical representation of the directory structure can be displayed using the tree command. Implementations The command is available in the command-line interface (CLI) of the operating systems Digital Research CP/M, MP/M, Intel ISIS-II, iRMX 86, Cromemco CDOS, MetaComCo TRIPOS, DOS, IBM/Toshiba 4690 OS, IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows, Singularity, Datalight ROM-DOS, ReactOS, GNU, AROS and in the DCL command-line interface used on DEC VMS, RT-11 and RSX-11. It is also supplied with OS/8 as a CUSP (Commonly-Used System Program). The dir command is supported by Tim Paterson's SCP 86-DOS. On MS-DOS, the command is available in versions 1 and later. It is also ava ...
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Del (command)
In computing, del (or erase) is a command in command-line interpreters ( shells) such as COMMAND.COM, cmd.exe, 4DOS, NDOS, 4OS2, 4NT and Windows PowerShell. It is used to delete one or more files or directories from a file system. Implementations The command is available for various operating systems including DOS, Microware OS-9, IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows and ReactOS. It is analogous to the Unix rm command and to the Stratus OpenVOS delete_file and delete_dircommands. DEC RT-11, OS/8,"Concise Command Language" (CCL). RSX-11, and OpenVMS also provide the delete command which can be contracted to del. AmigaDOS and TSC FLEX provide a delete command as well. The erase command is supported by Tim Paterson's SCP 86-DOS. On MS-DOS, the command is available in versions 1 and later. It is also available in the open-source MS-DOS emulator DOSBox. Datalight ROM-DOS also includes an implementation of the and commands. While Digital Research DR-DOS supports del and erase ...
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DATE (command)
In computer science and computer programming, system time represents a computer system's notion of the passage of time. In this sense, ''time'' also includes the passing of days on the calendar. System time is measured by a ''system clock'', which is typically implemented as a simple count of the number of ''ticks'' that have transpired since some arbitrary starting date, called the ''epoch''. For example, Unix and POSIX-compliant systems encode system time ("Unix time") as the number of seconds elapsed since the start of the Unix epoch at 1 January 1970 00:00:00 UT, with exceptions for leap seconds. Systems that implement the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of the Windows API, such as Windows 9x and Windows NT, provide the system time as both , represented as a year/month/day/hour/minute/second/milliseconds value, and , represented as a count of the number of 100-nanosecond ticks since 1 January 1601 00:00:00 UT as reckoned in the proleptic Gregorian calendar. System time can be c ...
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Copy (command)
Copy may refer to: *Copying or the product of copying (including the plural "copies"); the duplication of information or an artifact **Cut, copy and paste, a method of reproducing text or other data in computing **File copying **Photocopying, a process which makes paper copies of documents and other visual images **Fax, a telecommunications technology used to transfer facsimile copies of documents, especially over the telephone network **Facsimile, a copy or reproduction that is as true to the original source as possible **Replica, a copy closely resembling the original concerning its shape and appearance **Term of art in U.S. copyright law meaning a material object in which a work of authorship has been embodied, such as a book * Copy (command), a shell command on DOS and Windows systems *Copy (publishing), written content in publications, in contrast to photographs or other elements of layout. **The output of journalists and authors, ready for copy editing and typesetting **The ...
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Command (computing)
In computing, a command is a directive to a computer program to perform a specific task. It may be issued via a command-line interface, such as a shell, or as input to a network service as part of a network protocol, or as an event in a graphical user interface triggered by the user selecting an option in a menu. Specifically, the term ''command'' is used in imperative computer languages. The name arises because statements in these languages are usually written in a manner similar to the imperative mood used in many natural languages. If one views a statement in an imperative language as being like a sentence in a natural language, then a command is generally like a verb in such a language. Many programs allow specially formatted arguments, known as flags or options, which modify the default behaviour of the program, while further arguments may provide objects, such as files, to act on. As an analogy to a natural language, the flags are adverbs, while the other arguments are o ...
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