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VAZ-2101
The VAZ-2101 ''" Zhiguli"'', commonly nicknamed ''" Kopeyka"'' (for the smallest Soviet coin, 1/100 of the ''Ruble''), is a compact sedan car (''small class, passenger car, model 1'' in Soviet classification) produced by the Soviet manufacturer AvtoVAZ AvtoVAZ ( rus, АвтоВАЗ, p=ɐftoˈvas) is a Russian automobile manufacturing company owned by the state. It was formerly named as VAZ ( rus, ВАЗ), an acronym for Volga Automotive Plant in Russian (russian: Во́лжский автомо ... and introduced in 1970, the company's first product. The car was a heavily modified and licence-built version of the Fiat 124 tailored for the Soviet Union and much of the Eastern Bloc. Subsequently, it was widely exported to the West under the Lada brand. The station wagon version (correspondingly based on the Fiat 124 ''Familiare'') was known as the VAZ-2102. Development The lightweight Italian Fiat 124, which had won the 1967 European Car of the Year, was adapted in order to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lada Riva
The Lada / VAZ-2105, 2104 and 2107, collectively marketed as Lada Riva for right-hand drive models (in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand), the Lada Nova in Germany, and by multiple other names and markets, are a series of compact sedans of the ''Zhiguli'' line-up ( Fiat 124-based cars), built by Russian car manufacturer AvtoVAZ (formerly VAZ). Introduced in 1979 in the Soviet Union, and progressively introduced to Western European and global markets from the early 1980s, under the Lada brand, they were sold as saloons (2105 and 2107), and station wagon (2104) versions. Today they are generally referred to as the Lada Classic series, being derived from the original Fiat 124 platform which has been the now-iconic mainstay of the AvtoVAZ lineup since the company's foundation in the late 1960s. Russian production at the company's main plant at Togliatti ended in September 2012. Along with the other Fiat 124 derivatives, it is the world's third best selling, single g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VAZ-2103
The VAZ-2103 Zhiguli is a deluxe compact sedan car (''small class, passenger car, model 3'' in the Soviet classification), produced by VAZ, introduced in 1972 and produced until 1984. Better known by its export name Lada 1500 outside of its native Soviet Union and popularly nicknamed Тройка (''Troika'', 'three') in its domestic market. The car was developed jointly by VAZ and FIAT at the same time as Fiat 124 Special, and the two models had the same basis and influenced each other. 2103 was built under license and tailored for the Soviet and Eastern European market. The 2103 externally differs from its predecessor, the VAZ-2101 firstly by its four, that is, double sets of headlights, different grille and direction pointers, moldings on the sides of the body and larger taillights. Its main difference - the more powerful straight-four petrol engine. In addition, this model is distinguished by the presence of vacuum brake booster as well as self-adjusting rear brakes and in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiat 124
The Fiat 124 is a small family car manufactured and marketed by Italian company Fiat between 1966 and 1974. The saloon superseded the Fiat 1300 and was the basis for several variants including a station wagon, a four-seater coupé ( 124 Sport Coupé), a two-seater convertible ( 124 Sport Spider) and a lengthened and more luxurious version, the 125, launched in early 1967. The Russian-built VAZ-2101 " Zhiguli" and its many derivatives (known universally as the Lada outside the Soviet Union) were based on the Fiat 124, and are the best known of the many licensed variants of the 124 manufactured around the world. The Lada constitutes the vast majority of 124 production, and makes it the fifth best selling automotive platform in history. The 124 was superseded in its home market by the Fiat 131. History Following its introduction in 1966 with a publicity stunt, with Fiat filming the dropping of the car by parachute from a plane, the 124 won the 1967 European Car of the Year. As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AvtoVAZ
AvtoVAZ ( rus, АвтоВАЗ, p=ɐftoˈvas) is a Russian automobile manufacturing company owned by the state. It was formerly named as VAZ ( rus, ВАЗ), an acronym for Volga Automotive Plant in Russian (russian: Во́лжский автомоби́льный заво́д, Vólzhskiy avtomobíl'nyy zavód, link=no). AvtoVAZ is best known for its flagship series of Lada vehicles. In the Soviet Union, its products used various names, including Zhiguli, Oka, and Sputnik, which were phased out in the 1990s and replaced by Lada for the Russian market. From December 2019 to August 2020, AvtoVAZ sold Niva cars with Chevrolet branding. AvtoVAZ was established in 1966 by the Soviet government as a state-run car manufacturer. It was privatized in the 1990s and was a subsidiary of Renault from October 2016 to May 2022. In May 2022, it was re-acquired by the Russian government. The company is indirectly owned by Russian state enterprises through Lada Auto Holding. History Establishment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VAZ-2106
The VAZ-2106 Zhiguli (alternatively Zhiguli 2106) is a sedan produced by the Soviet (later Russian) automaker VAZ, and later, after the breakup of the Soviet Union, also by Russian Izhevsk Avto and Ukrainian . In export markets, it was known simply as Lada 1600 or alternatively as Lada 2106. In the domestic market it was popularly nicknamed ''Шестёрка'' (''Shestyorka'', in English; ''The sixth one''). A hugely popular car and one of most successful Lada models, it was in serial production for 30 years (from 1976 to 2006), although production in the VAZ plant ended after 25 years, in 2001, with manufacture continuing at Izhevsk for the final five years.''Lada 1600 / VAZ-2106'', www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au Retrieved on 3 May 2014 Overview Derived from i ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhiguli (car Brand)
Zhiguli ( rus, Жигули, p=ʐɨɡʊˈlʲi) was a designation of cars based on the Fiat 124 manufactured in Russia and the Soviet Union by AvtoVAZ (formerly VAZ) during 1970-2012 and somewhat longer in some places abroad. For the majority of export markets however the cars were sold under the Lada brand. The car was also manufactured in Ukraine and in Egypt. In Egypt the last car of this model was manufactured in 2014. The designation is named after the Zhiguli Mountains by the Volga River, to match the name of the plant ('VAZ' stands for "Volzhsky Avtomobilny Zavod" or "Volga Automobile Plant"). There have been 7 models of this designation: VAZ-2101, VAZ-2102, VAZ-2103, VAZ-2104, VAZ-2105, VAZ-2106, VAZ-2107, with modifications indicated by an extra digit, see List of AvtoVAZ vehicles. The longest-living model was VAZ-2105 (1979-2010). After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, a shortage of used cars meant that many export Zhigulis badged as Ladas were re-imported bac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Bloc
The Eastern Bloc, also known as the Communist Bloc and the Soviet Bloc, was the group of socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America under the influence of the Soviet Union that existed during the Cold War (1947–1991). These states followed the ideology of Marxism–Leninism, in opposition to the Capitalism, capitalist Western Bloc. The Eastern Bloc was often called the Second World, whereas the term "First World" referred to the Western Bloc and "Third World" referred to the Non-Aligned Movement, non-aligned countries that were mainly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America but notably also included former Tito–Stalin split, pre-1948 Soviet ally SFR Yugoslavia, which was located in Europe. In Western Europe, the term Eastern Bloc generally referred to the USSR and Central and Eastern European countries in the Comecon (East Germany, Polish People's Republic, Poland, Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, Czechoslovakia, Hungarian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SEAT 124
The SEAT 124 is a small family car produced by the Spanish manufacturer SEAT in its Zona Franca, Barcelona and Landaben, Pamplona plants between 1968 and 1980. The car was very successful in Spain having sold 896,136 units, ''Museoseat.com.'' and was produced in 4-door, 5-door (''Familiar'') and 2-door (''Sport'') ( versions under various engines and trim levels. History The SEAT 124 model derived from the Italian car and represented a great step forward for th ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Ruble
''hum''; cv, тенкĕ ''tenke''; kv, шайт ''shayt''; Lak: къуруш ''k'urush''; Mari: теҥге ''tenge''; os, сом ''som''; tt-Cyrl, сум ''sum''; udm, манет ''manet''; sah, солкуобай ''solkuobay'' , name_abbr = руб, Rbl , image_1 = Banknote_5000_rubles_2010_front.jpg , image_title_1 = banknote of the current series , image_2 = Rouble coins.png , image_title_2 = Coins , iso_code = RUB , date_of_introduction = 14 July 1992:RUR (1 SUR = 1 RUR)1 January 1998:RUB (1,000 RUR = 1 RUB) , replaced_currency = Soviet ruble (SUR) , using_countries = , unofficial_users = , inflation_rate = 12.0% (November 2022) , inflation_source_date Bank of Russia, inflation_method = CPI , unit = ruble , subunit_ratio_1 = , subunit_name_1 = kopeyka (копейка) ''tiyen''; ba, тин ''tin''; cv, пус ''pus''; os, капекк ''kapekk''; udm, коны ''kony''; Mari: ыр ''yr''; sah, харчы ''harchy'' , symbo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siberia
Siberia ( ; rus, Сибирь, r=Sibir', p=sʲɪˈbʲirʲ, a=Ru-Сибирь.ogg) is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has been a part of Russia since the latter half of the 16th century, after the Russians conquered lands east of the Ural Mountains. Siberia is vast and sparsely populated, covering an area of over , but home to merely one-fifth of Russia's population. Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk and Omsk are the largest cities in the region. Because Siberia is a geographic and historic region and not a political entity, there is no single precise definition of its territorial borders. Traditionally, Siberia extends eastwards from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and includes most of the drainage basin of the Arctic Ocean. The river Yenisey divides Siberia into two parts, Western and Eastern. Siberia stretches southwards from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north-ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overhead Camshaft
An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine where the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combustion chamber in the engine block. ''Single overhead camshaft'' (SOHC) engines have one camshaft per bank of cylinders. ''Dual overhead camshaft'' (DOHC, also known as "twin-cam".) engines have two camshafts per bank. The first production car to use a DOHC engine was built in 1910. Use of DOHC engines slowly increased from the 1940s, leading to many automobiles by the early 2000s using DOHC engines. Design In an OHC engine, the camshaft is located at the top of the engine, above the combustion chamber. This contrasts the earlier overhead valve engine (OHV) and flathead engine configurations, where the camshaft is located down in the engine block. The valves in both OHC and OHV engines are located above the combustion chamber; however an OHV ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NAMI (automotive Institute)
The Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute, abbreviated as NAMI (russian: link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Language, Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центра́льный нау́чно-иссле́довательский автомоби́льный и автомото́рный институ́т "НАМИ" (ГНЦ РФ ФГУП "НАМИ") is the leading scientific organization in Russian Federation in the field of automotive industry development. The institute was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. History The research and development automobile and engine institute was established on 14 March 1920 based on the Scientific Automobile Laboratory (russian: link=no, Научной автомобильной лаборатории (НАЛ)) of Scientific and T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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