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Unsterbliche Geliebte
The Immortal Beloved (German "Unsterbliche Geliebte") is the addressee of a love letter which composer Ludwig van Beethoven wrote on 6–7 July 1812 in Teplitz. The unsent letter is written in pencil on 10 small pages. It was found in the composer's estate following his death and is now in the Berlin State Library. Beethoven did not specify a year or a location. In the 1950s an analysis of the paper's watermark yielded the year, and by extension the place of the letter. Scholars disagree about the intended recipient of the letter. Two people favoured by most contemporary scholars are Antonie Brentano and Josephine Brunsvik. (Other possibilities include Johanna van Beethoven, Julie ("Giulietta") Guicciardi, Therese Brunsvik, Amalie Sebald, Dorothea von Ertmann, Therese Malfatti, Anna Maria Erdődy, and Bettina von Arnim.) Text analysis After Schmidt-Görg (1957) published 13 then-unknown love letters by Beethoven to Josephine Brunsvik, it became clear that the one to the "I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Immortal Beloved Letter 1
Immortality is the ability to live forever, or eternal life. Immortal or Immortality may also refer to: Film * The Immortals (1995 film), ''The Immortals'' (1995 film), an American crime film * ''Immortality'', an alternate title for the 1998 British film ''The Wisdom of Crocodiles'' * Immortality (2016 film), an Iranian experimental drama film * Immortal (2004 film), ''Immortal'' (2004 film), a French science fiction film by Enki Bilal * Immortals (2011 film), ''Immortals'' (2011 film), an American mythical action film * Immortal (2015 film), ''Immortal'' (2015 film), an Iranian drama film * Immortal (2022 film), ''Immortal'' (2022 film), a Finnish action film * The Immortals (2015 film), ''The Immortals'' (2015 film), an Indian documentary film * The Immortal (2018 film), ''The Immortal'' (2018 film), a Vietnamese fantasy film * The Immortal (2019 film), ''The Immortal'' (2019 film), an Italian crime film Television * Immortal (Highlander), Immortal (''Highlander''), sword-wield ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anna Maria Erdődy
Countess Anna Maria (Marie) von Erdődy (8 September 1779 – 17 March 1837) was a Hungarian noblewoman and among the closest confidantes and friends of Ludwig van Beethoven. Dedicatee of four of the composer's late chamber works, she was instrumental in securing Beethoven an annuity from members of the Austrian high nobility.Robert Münster: "Anna Maria Gräfin Erdödy" in Johannes Fischer (ed.): ''Münchener Beethoven-Studien.'' Katzbichler, München 1992, , pp. 217–224. Gail S. Altman ''Beethoven: A Man of His Word – Undisclosed Evidence for his Immortal Beloved'', Anubian Press 1996; Alexander Wheelock Thayer, ''Thayer's Life of Beethoven'' (Hermann Deiters, Henry Edward Krehbiel, Hugo Riemann, Editors, G. Schirmer, Inc., New York, 1921).Emily Anderson, Editor, ''The Letters of Beethoven'', vol. 1 (London, Macmillan Press, 1986, 3 Volumes). Barry Cooper, ''Beethoven'' (Master Musicians, 2008, Oxford University Press)"Beethoven" by Joseph Kerman and Alan Tyson in ''The New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Massin
Jean Massin (1917Notice d'autorité sucatalogue.bnf.fr/ref>–1986) was a French historian and musicologist. With his wife Brigitte Massin, he is the author of numerous books of history and musicology. Biography After studying at the seminary in Rome, Massin remained a Catholic priest until 1952, despite questions about tradition. He was close to Paul Claudel, the theologians Yves Congar and , vicar of the Parish of Saint Séverin. Then he became a critic and musicographer. In collaboration with his wife Brigitte Massin ''née'' Toulemonde (1927-2002), he published in the 1950s two reference works of musicology, ''Ludwig van Beethoven'' and ''Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart''.''Club français du Livre'', 1955, 1956, 1959, 1960. He thus contributed considerably to the renewal of the historiographical approach of composers in France. These two studies were followed by ''Recherche de Beethoven'' (1969) and, under the joint direction of Jean and Brigitte, ''Histoire de la musique occidental ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Dahlhaus
Carl Dahlhaus (10 June 1928 – 13 March 1989) was a German musicologist who was among the leading postwar musicologists of the mid to late 20th-century. A prolific scholar, he had broad interests though his research focused on 19th- and 20th-century classical music, both areas in which he made significant advancements. However, he remains best known in the English-speaking world for his writings on Wagner. Dahlhaus wrote on many other composers, including Josquin, Gesualdo, Bach and Schoenberg. He spent the bulk of his career as head of the Berlin Institute of Technology's musicology department, which he raised to an international standard. Dahlhaus pioneered the development of numerous musicological fields, particularly the aesthetics of music, which he raised to a central status. Active as a historian, analyst, editor and organizer, he was massively influential and his work has since incited considerable discussion and debate. Life and career Dahlhaus was born in Hanover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Richard Marek
George Richard Marek (13 July 1902 – 7 January 1987) was an Austrian-born American music executive and author of biographies of classical composers. Marek was born in Vienna, then the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the son of dentist Martin Marek and Emily Weisberger. From 1918, Marek studied at the University of Vienna until he emigrated to the United States in 1920, where he became a citizen in 1925. He married Muriel Heppner the following year; the couple had one son, editor, publisher, and author Richard Marek. Marek's first job in the US was as a stock boy in the ostrich-feather department of a milliner, but he soon became involved in advertising. From 1930 until 1950, he was vice president of the J. D. Tarcher Agency. In 1950 Marek unsuccessfully attempted to gain RCA Victor's advertising account for Tarcher; instead, he was offered the position of manager of artists and repertory at RCA Victor. Seven years later he became vice president and general manager of R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zürich
Zürich () is the list of cities in Switzerland, largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zürich. It is located in north-central Switzerland, at the northwestern tip of Lake Zürich. As of January 2020, the municipality has 434,335 inhabitants, the Urban agglomeration, urban area 1.315 million (2009), and the Zürich metropolitan area 1.83 million (2011). Zürich is a hub for railways, roads, and air traffic. Both Zurich Airport and Zürich Hauptbahnhof, Zürich's main railway station are the largest and busiest in the country. Permanently settled for over 2,000 years, Zürich was founded by the Roman Empire, Romans, who called it '. However, early settlements have been found dating back more than 6,400 years (although this only indicates human presence in the area and not the presence of a town that early). During the Middle Ages, Zürich gained the independent and privileged status of imperial immediacy and, in 1519, became a primary centre of the Protestant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rahel Varnhagen
Rahel Antonie Friederike Varnhagen () (née Levin, later Robert; 19 May 1771 – 7 March 1833) was a German writer who hosted one of the most prominent salons in Europe during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. She is the subject of a celebrated biography, '' Rahel Varnhagen: The Life of a Jewess'' (1957), written by Hannah Arendt. Arendt cherished Varnhagen as her "closest friend, though she ha been dead for some hundred years". The asteroid 100029 Varnhagen is named in her honour. Life and works Rahel Antonie Friederike Levin was born to a Jewish family in Berlin. Her father, a wealthy jeweller, was a strong-willed man who ruled his family despotically. She became close friends with Dorothea and Henriette, daughters of the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn. Through them she got to know Henriette Herz, with whom she would become intimately associated throughout her life, moving in the same intellectual spheres. Together with Herz and her cousin, Sara Grotthuis née Meye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Bekker
Max Paul Eugen Bekker (11 September 1882 – 7 March 1937) was a German music critic and author. Described as having "brilliant style and ..extensive theoretical and practical knowledge," Bekker was chief music critic for both the ''Frankfurter Zeitung'' (1911–1923), and later the ''New Yorker Staats-Zeitung'' (1934–1937). Life and career Max Paul Eugen Bekker was born in Berlin on 11 September 1882 as the only child of Hirsch Nachmann Michel Bekker and Olga Elsner. He studied piano with Alfred Sormann, theory with Benno Horwitz, and violin with Fabian Rehfeld. He began his career as a violinist in the Berlin Philharmonic, before employment as a conductor between 1902 and 1905. He ceased playing violin professionally in 1906, although continued to give lessons privately. After Bekker stopped professional performance he began music criticism, publishing monographs on Oskar Fried (1906/7) and Jacques Offenbach (1909), as well as a successful book on Beethoven in 1911. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elliot Forbes
Elliot Forbes (August 20, 1917, Cambridge, Massachusetts – January 9, 2006, in Cambridge), known as "El", was an American conductor and musicologist noted for his Beethoven scholarship. Life and career Forbes came from a Boston Brahmin family; his father, Edward W. Forbes, was the director of Harvard's Fogg Art Museum. He attended Harvard, receiving a BA in 1941 and an MA in 1947, both in music; he studied with Walter Piston, and while he was a graduate student, he was assistant conductor of the Harvard Glee Club. From 1947 to 58, he taught at Princeton University, but in 1958 he returned to Harvard and remained there for the rest of his life as Fanny Peabody Professor of Music (and, after 1984, Professor Emeritus.) He was the chief conductor of the Harvard Glee Club and Radcliffe Choral Society from 1958 to 1970; his students included Isaiah Jackson, now director of the Pro Arte Chamber Orchestra of Boston, and William Christie, founder and director of the European baroqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Unger (musicologist)
Max Ernst Unger (28 May 1883, in Taura – 1 December 1959, in Zurich) was a German musicologist. Although he wrote on a variety of subjects, he is chiefly known for his extensive research and writings on the life and works of Ludwig van Beethoven. Unger, the son of a factory owner, studied from 1904 to 1906 at the Leipzig Conservatory, and entered the University of Leipzig in 1908. There, he studied under Heinrich Zöllner and Hugo Riemann. Fred K. Prieberg: ''Handbuch Deutsche Musiker 1933–1945'', CD-Rom-Lexikon, Kiel 2004, S. 7.315. In 1911, he completed a doctorate with a dissertation on Muzio Clementi. After serving in World War I, he worked as editor of the New Journal of Music in 1919 and 1920. From 1932 to 1939, he lived in Zurich and catalogued the valuable Beethoven collection of local industrialist Hans Conrad Bodmer, which was later bequeathed to the Beethoven House in Bonn. In 1939, Unger moved to Volterra in Pisa. While he had been denounced by the Militant Lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prague
Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate oceanic climate, with relatively warm summers and chilly winters. Prague is a political, cultural, and economic hub of central Europe, with a rich history and Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architectures. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Bohemia and residence of several Holy Roman Emperors, most notably Charles IV (r. 1346–1378). It was an important city to the Habsburg monarchy and Austro-Hungarian Empire. The city played major roles in the Bohemian and the Protestant Reformations, the Thirty Years' War and in 20th-century history as the capital of Czechoslovakia between the World Wars and the post-war Communist era. Prague is home to a number of well-known cultural attractions, many of which survived the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bohemia
Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohemian kings, including Moravia and Czech Silesia, in which case the smaller region is referred to as Bohemia proper as a means of distinction. Bohemia was a duchy of Great Moravia, later an independent principality, a kingdom in the Holy Roman Empire, and subsequently a part of the Habsburg monarchy and the Austrian Empire. After World War I and the establishment of an independent Czechoslovak state, the whole of Bohemia became a part of Czechoslovakia, defying claims of the German-speaking inhabitants that regions with German-speaking majority should be included in the Republic of German-Austria. Between 1938 and 1945, these border regions were joined to Nazi Germany as the Sudetenland. The remainder of Czech territory became the Second ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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