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United Liberating Army Of Peru
The United Liberating Army of Peru ( es, Ejército Unido Libertador del Perú), known during the last years of the war as the United Peruvian–Colombian Liberating Army of Peru ( es, Ejército Unido peruano colombiano Libertador del Perú), was an army during the Peruvian War of Independence that had its origin in the Liberating Expedition of Peru, under the command of José de San Martín in 1820. Successively, new Peruvian regiments were created, organized until the end of the war, and which are the origin of the Peruvian Army. Units from the royalist side also switched sides, such as the Numancia Regiment. These troops were led by generals Rudecindo Alvarado and Andrés de Santa Cruz in the successive campaigns against the ports of southern Peru. Finally, in 1823, the newly arrived units of the army of Gran Colombia under the command of Simón Bolívar joined this United Liberating Army. This Peruvian-Colombian army was commanded by Antonio José de Sucre in the final ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patria Nueva
Patria Nueva (''New Fatherland'') was a period in the history of Chile that began with the victory of Ejército de los Andes in the Battle of Chacabuco on 12 February 1817 and ended with the resignation of Bernardo O'Higgins as Supreme Director in 1823. Government of Bernardo O'Higgins First measures as Supreme Director Not long after becoming the Supreme Director of Chile, O'Higgins sent the ''Aguila'', a ship captured in the port of Valparaiso, to rescue Chile and patriots stranded on the Juan Fernández Islands. O'Higgins formed an army to face the Spanish Empire forces hidden in the port of Talcahuano and the ''montoneras'' (traitor patriots, natives and bandits), who were on the shore of the Bio-Bio River. He created the ''Vindication Tribunal'', a legal apparatus that granted patriots the right to reclaim goods taken by the Spanish during the Reconquest. He also ordered the exile of priests advocating for continued fealty to the Spanish throne. The surprise o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academia Chilena De La Historia
The Chilean Academy of History is a Chilean institution dedicated to fostering interest in historical studies through publications, conferences, and competitions. External links Academia Chilena de la Historia's First newsletter {{DEFAULTSORT:Academia Chilena de la Historia Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
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Royal Army Of Peru
The Royal Army of Peru ( es, Ejército Real del Perú), also known as the National Army ( es, Ejército Nacional), was the army organised by the viceroy of Peru, José Fernando de Abascal, to protect the Hispanic Monarchy in the Viceroyalty of Peru—and its surrounding provinces of Charcas, Chile and Quito—of the revolutions that convulsed the Spanish Empire at the beginning of the 19th century. This army was made up of 80% Creoles and indigenous Peruvians. See also *Peruvian War of Independence The Peruvian War of Independence ( es, Guerra de Independencia del Perú, links=no) consisted in a series of military conflicts in Peru beginning with viceroy Abascal military victories in the south frontier in 1809, in La Paz revolution an ... * United Liberating Army of Peru References {{reflist Peruvian War of Independence 1804 establishments in South America 1826 disestablishments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Ayacucho
The Battle of Ayacucho ( es, Batalla de Ayacucho, ) was a decisive military encounter during the Peruvian War of Independence. This battle secured the independence of Peru and ensured independence for the rest of South America. In Peru it is considered the end of the Spanish American wars of independence in this country, although the campaign of Antonio José de Sucre continued through 1825 in Upper Peru and the siege of the fortresses Chiloé and Callao eventually ended in 1826. As of late 1824, Royalists still had control of most of the south of Peru as well as of the Real Felipe fortress in the port of Callao. On 9 December 1824, the Battle of Ayacucho (Battle of La Quinua) took place between Royalist and Independentist forces at Pampa de Ayacucho (or Quinua), a few kilometers from Ayacucho, near the town of Quinua. Independentist forces were led by Simón Bolívar's lieutenant Antonio José de Sucre. Viceroy José de la Serna was wounded, and after the battle second co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Army Of Colombia
The National Army of Colombia ( es, Ejército Nacional de Colombia) is the land warfare service branch of the Military Forces of Colombia. With over 361,420 active personnel as of 2020, it is the largest and oldest service branch in Colombia, and the third largest army in the Americas after Brazil and the United States. It is headed by the Commander of the National Army (), falls under the authority of the General Commander of the Military Forces (), and is supervised by the Ministry of National Defense, which answers to the President of Colombia. The modern Colombian Army has its roots in the Army of the Commoners (), which was formed on 7 August 1819 – before the establishment of the present day Colombia – to meet the demands of the Revolutionary War against the Spanish Empire. After their triumph against the Spanish, the Army of the Commoners disbanded, and the Congress of Angostura created the Gran Colombian Army to replace it. Throughout its history, the Colombian Army ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batallón Voltígeros De La Guardia
The Voltigeurs of the Guard Battalion ( es, Batallón Voltígeros de la Guardia), originally formed as the Numancia Battalion ( es, Batallón Numancia), was a battalion of the Spanish American troops of the Spanish Army formed by Pablo Morillo that joined the Patriot governments during the Spanish American wars of independence by crossing the Huaura River on December 2, 1820. Once the army was formally incorporated in Huaura, it changed its name and went on to fight in the Peruvian War of Independence, most notably in the decisive Battle of Ayacucho, which consolidated the country's independence that was first declared in 1821. See also *Peruvian War of Independence *Venezuelan War of Independence The Venezuelan War of Independence ( es, Guerra de Independencia de Venezuela, links=no, 1810–1823) was one of the Spanish American wars of independence of the early nineteenth century, when independence movements in Latin America fought agai ... References {{reflist Peruvia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royalist (Spanish American Independence)
The royalists were the people of Hispanic America (mostly from native and indigenous peoples) and European that fought to preserve the integrity of the Spanish monarchy during the Spanish American wars of independence. In the early years of the conflict, when King Ferdinand VII was captive in France, royalists supported the authority in the Americas of the Supreme Central Junta of Spain and the Indies and the Cortes of Cádiz that ruled in the King's name during the Peninsular War. During the Trienio Liberal in 1820, after the restoration of Ferdinand VII in 1814, the royalists were split between Absolutists, those that supported his insistence to rule under traditional law, and liberals, who sought to reinstate the reforms enacted by the Cortes of Cádiz. Political evolution The creation of juntas in Spanish America in 1810 was a direct reaction to developments in Spain during the previous two years. In 1808 Ferdinand VII had been convinced to abdicate by Napoleon in hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peruvian Army
The Peruvian Army ( es, Ejército del Perú, abbreviated EP) is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with safeguarding the independence, sovereignty and integrity of national territory on land through military force. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security, conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations. It celebrates the anniversary of the Battle of Ayacucho (1824) on December 9. History Military traditions in Peruvian territory go back to prehispanic times, ranging from small armed bands to the large armies assembled by the Inca Empire. After the Spanish conquest, small garrisons were kept at strategic locations but no standing army existed until the Bourbon reforms of the 18th century. The main purpose of this force was the defense of the Viceroyalty from pirates and corsairs as well as internal rebellions. Independence The ''Ejército del Perú'' was officially established on August ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberating Expedition Of Peru
The Liberating Expedition of Peru ( es, Expedición Libertadora del Perú) was a naval and land military force created in 1820 by the government of Chile in continuation of the plan of the Argentine General José de San Martín to achieve the independence of Peru, and thus consolidate the independence of all former Spanish-American colonies. It was vital to defeat the Viceroyalty of Peru—the center of royalist power in South America—from where royalist expeditions were sent to reconquer the territories lost to the independence fighters. Following the independence of Chile, achieved at the Battle of Maipú, General San Martín determined to achieve the independence of Peru. Accordingly, on February 5, 1819 a treaty was signed between the new Republic of Chile and the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata. The treaty was to create an amphibious, naval, and land military expeditionary force promoted by the government of Chile, with the mission of making Peru independent of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army
An army (from Old French ''armee'', itself derived from the Latin verb ''armāre'', meaning "to arm", and related to the Latin noun ''arma'', meaning "arms" or "weapons"), ground force or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army. In some countries, such as France and China, the term "army", especially in its plural form "armies", has the broader meaning of armed forces as a whole, while retaining the colloquial sense of land forces. To differentiate the colloquial army from the formal concept of military force, the term is qualified, for example in France the land force is called ''Armée de terre'', meaning Land Army, and the air and space force is called ''Armée de l'Air et de l’Esp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pontifical Catholic University Of Peru
Pontifical Catholic University of Peru ( es, link=no, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, PUCP) is a private university in Lima, Peru. It was founded in 1917 with the support and approval of the Catholic Church, being the oldest private institution of higher learning in the country. The person who dealt the necessary formalities was Catholic priest Jorge Dintilhac. The Peruvian historian and politician José de la Riva-Agüero y Osma would become his main benefactor by leaving him most of his assets as an inheritance, as it was then a more religious educational institution and linked to the Catholic Church; in contrast to his alma mater and original destination of his inheritance, the National University of San Marcos, where Riva-Agüero considered that liberal ideas and atheism predominated here. In July 2012, after an apostolic visitation, begun earlier, in 2011, by Peter Erdo, Archbishop of Esztergom-Budapest, Hungary, the Holy See withdrew from the university the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antonio José De Sucre
Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá (; 3 February 1795 – 4 June 1830), known as the "Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho" ( en, "Grand Marshal of Ayacucho"), was a Venezuelan independence leader who served as the president of Peru and as the second president of Bolivia. Sucre was one of Simón Bolívar's closest friends, generals and statesmen. Due to his influence on geopolitical affairs of Latin America, a number of notable localities on the continent now bear Sucre's name. These include the eponymous capital of Bolivia, the Venezuelan state, the department of Colombia and both the old and new airports of Ecuador's capital Quito. Additionally, many schools, streets and districts across the region bear his name as well. Family The aristocratic Sucre family traces its roots back to origins in Flanders. It arrived in Venezuela through Charles de Sucre y Franco Perez, a Flemish nobleman, son of Charles Adrian de Sucre, Marquess of Peru and Buenaventura Carolina Isabel Garrido y Pardo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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