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Umar Wirahadikusumah
Umar Wirahadikusumah (; 10 October 1924 – 21 March 2003) was an Indonesian politician and former army general, who served as the fourth Vice President of Indonesia, serving from 1983 until 1988. Previously, he was chair of the Audit Board of Indonesia from 1973 until 1983, and Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army from 1969 until 1973. Born on 10 October 1924, to a noble Sundanese family. He was educated at the Europeesche Lagere School Tasikmalaya and Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs Pasundan. He entered the military in 1943, during the Japanese occupation. He would go on to serve in the Indonesian Army during and after the Indonesian National Revolution, seeing combat in the Madiun Affair and the PRRI rebellion. After hearing about the kidnapping of six Generals and seeing unidentified troops occupying the Merdeka Square, Umar sent word to Kostrad Commander, Major General Suharto of the events which had just unfolded and requested his assistance. Umar accepted Suharto's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suharto
Suharto (; ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian army officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving president of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto led Indonesia through a dictatorship for 31 years, from the fall of Sukarno in 1967 until his own resignation in 1998. The legacy of his 31-year rule, and his US$38 billion net worth, is still debated at home and abroad. Suharto was born in the small village of Kemusuk, in the Godean area near the city of Yogyakarta, during the Dutch colonial era. He grew up in humble circumstances. His Javanese Muslim parents divorced not long after his birth, and he lived with foster parents for much of his childhood. During the Japanese occupation era, Suharto served in the Japanese-organized Indonesian security forces. During Indonesia's independence struggle, he joined the newly formed Indonesian Army. There, Suharto rose to the rank of major g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kodam Jaya
The Jakarta Raya Military Regional Command ( id, Komando Daerah Militer Jayakarta; abbreviated ) is the military district of the Indonesian Army which oversees the Greater Jakarta area. It is tasked for territorial army duties, specifically for defense to the capital city region of Indonesia. History On 1 September 1945, the People's Security Bureau (Badan Keamanan Rakyat/BKR) was founded in Jakarta, and was led by Lt. Col. Mufraeni Mukmin. On 29 September 1945, allied forces (with Netherlands Indies Civil Administration personnel attached) under the command of Lt. Gen. Sir Philip Christison landed from in Tanjung Priok Harbor to disarm Japanese troops and to liberate prisoners of war. BKR and Indonesian youth in API, Kris Hisbulah, and other paramilitary organisations confronted the allied forces. To increase armed resistance against the allied forces, the government of the Republic of Indonesia founded the People's Security Forces (Tentara Keamanan Rakyat/TKR) on 5 October 194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tasikmalaya
en, Neaty City , nickname = nl, Delhi Van Java en, Delhi of Java , image_skyline = , imagesize = , image_caption = Clockwise from the top: Great Mosque of Tasikmalaya, Wiriadinata Airbase, Tasikmalaya Railway Station , image_flag = City Flag of Tasikmalaya.svg , image_blank_emblem = , image_shield = logo Kota Tasikmalaya.png , image_map = Map of West Java highlighting Tasikmalaya City.svg , map_caption = Location within West Java , mapsize = , pushpin_map = Indonesia_Java#Indonesia , pushpin_label = Tasikmalaya City , pushpin_label_position = right , pushpin_map_caption = Location in Java and Indonesia , coordinates = , subdivision_type = List of sovereign states, Country ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europeesche Lagere School
Europeesche Lagere School (ELS) was a European elementary school system in what was then the Dutch East Indies during colonial rule. The schools were intended primarily for Europeans. The implementation of basic education at that time was differentiated between basic education for European children and indigenous children, so there was a primary school for a European child (''Lager Onderwijs en Lagere School voor Europeanen'') and an elementary school for native and foreign Eastern children attending the ELS. Although special requirements were established, in 1902 the name Europeesche Lagere Scholen was used for European children's primary schools. It means to eliminate the impression that this school is solely for Europeans. Having been established for the first time in Weltevreden (Jatinegara), the ELS was growing more and more in number. In 1820 there were only seven schools, and in 1845 there were 24 schools. Then, the number of schools grew up to 68 in 1868, until finally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sundanese People
The Sunda or Sundanese ( id, Orang Sunda; su, ᮅᮛᮀ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ, Urang Sunda) are an indigenous ethnic group native to the western region of Java island in Indonesia, primarily West Java. They number approximately 42 million and form Indonesia's second most populous ethnic group. They speak the Sundanese language, which is part of the Austronesian languages. The western third of the island of Java, namely the provinces of West Java, Banten, and Jakarta, as well as the westernmost part of Central Java, is called by the Sundanese people ''Tatar Sunda'' or ''Pasundan'' (meaning Sundanese land). Sundanese migrants can also be found in Lampung and South Sumatra, and to a lesser extent in Central Java and East Java. The Sundanese people can also be found on several other islands in Indonesia such as Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali and Papua. Origins Migration theories The Sundanese are of Austronesian origins and are thought to have originated in Taiwan. They migr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Of Staff Of The Indonesian Army
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The Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army ( id, Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Darat, abbreviated KSAD or KASAD) is the highest position in the Indonesian Army. The position is held by the four-star General appointed by and reporting directly to the Commander of the Armed Forces. Chief of Staff is assisted by the Vice Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army, which the position is held by a three-star General. The current officeholder is General Dudung Abdurachman, who took office on 17 November 2021. List of officeholders See also *Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces *Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Navy * Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Air Force References Chiefs of Staff of the Indonesian Army Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audit Board Of Indonesia
The Audit Board of Indonesia (Indonesian: ''Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan Republik Indonesia'', literally ''Financial Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia'') is a high state body in Indonesia which is responsible for evaluation of management and accountability of state finances conducted by the central government, local governments, Bank Indonesia, state-owned enterprises, the Public Service Board, and institutions or other entities which manage state finances. History The body was initially established under the name ''National Supervision Board'' at Magelang, Central Java during the United States of Indonesia period on 28 December 1946.The Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia |
Vice President Of Indonesia
The vice president of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia) is second-highest officer in the executive branch of the Indonesian government, after the president, and ranks first in the presidential line of succession. Since 2004, the president and vice president are directly elected to a five-year term. Ma'ruf Amin is the 13th and current vice president of Indonesia. He assumed office on 20 October 2019. History of the office The Indonesian vice presidency was established during the formulation of the 1945 Constitution by the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK). The office was first filled on 18 August 1945 when Mohammad Hatta was elected by acclamation. The election was conducted by the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI) because the body responsible for the vice presidential elections, the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), had not been formed yet. On 16 October 1945, Hatta announce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian People
Indonesians (Indonesian: ''orang Indonesia'') are citizens or people originally from Indonesia, regardless of their ethnic or religious background. There are more than 1,300 ethnicities in Indonesia, making it a multicultural archipelagic country with a diversity of languages, culture and religious beliefs. The population of Indonesia according to the 2020 national census was 270.2 million. 56% live on the island of Java, the world's most populous island. Around 95% of Indonesians are Native Indonesians (formerly grouped as "Pribumi"), with 40% Javanese and 15% Sundanese forming the majority, while the other 5% are Indonesians with ancestry from foreign origin, such as Arab Indonesians, Chinese Indonesians, Indian Indonesians, and Indos. Population As of 2020, Indonesians make up 3.4% of world total population and Indonesia is the fourth most populous country after China, India and the United States. Despite a fairly effective family planning program that has been in pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agus Wirahadikusumah
Lieutenant General (Ret.) Agus Wirahadikusumah (October 17, 1951 – August 30, 2001), was a high-ranking Indonesian military officer and commander of Kostrad, the Indonesian Army Strategic Reserves Command. Military career Wirahadikusumah was a graduate of the Indonesian military academy in 1973. He studied at institutions in the United States as well, including Harvard University (Harvard Kennedy School, John F. Kennedy School of Government). In the last years of the 20th century, he became Head of the Planning Directorate in the Armed Forces Headquarters of Indonesia. After the resignation of Suharto, Wirahadikusumah emerged as a reformer in the ranks of the armed forces. By 1998, he was, as a Major General, posted at Armed Forces Headquarters where he held the position of staff officer on the Armed Forces' Commander's Staff in charge of political affairs and security. In the same year, he called for the Indonesian military to stop their involvement in political affairs a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Government Of The Republic Of Indonesia
The Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Pemerintah Revolusioner Republik Indonesia (PRRI)) was a revolutionary government set up in Sumatra to oppose the central government of Indonesia in 1958. Although frequently referred to as the PRRI/Permesta rebellion, the Permesta rebels were a separate movement in Sulawesi, that had pledged allegiance with the PRRI on 17 February 1958. Background: Rebellion of the colonels Prior to the establishment of the PRRI, there were several "rebellions" led by the various regional Army commanders in Sumatra. These events were the result of growing dissatisfaction with the Central Government and Indonesia's faltering economic development. The Central Government was seen by some in the outer islands (i.e. outside of Java) as disconnected from the Indonesian people. Some Army commands in the outer islands began covertly operating smuggling operations of Copra and contraband items to improve their financial position. These opera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madiun Affair
The Madiun Affair ( id, Peristiwa Madiun), known locally as the Communist Party of Indonesia rebellion of 1948 ( id, Pemberontakan Partai Komunis Indonesia 1948), was an armed conflict between the government of the self-proclaimed Republic of Indonesia and the left-wing opposition group ''Front Demokrasi Rakyat'' (FDR, People's Democratic Front) during the Indonesian National Revolution. The conflict began on September 18, 1948, in Madiun, East Java, and ended three months later when most FDR leaders and members were detained and executed by TNI forces. Background Downfall of Sjarifuddin Cabinet and the formation of Hatta Cabinet Opinions regarding the trigger of the conflict vary. According to Kreutzer, the downfall of Amir Sjarifuddin government in January 1948 was the origin of the Madiun Affair. Before then, during the second half of the 1947, Partai Sosialis was split into two factions: one faction was led by Sjarifuddin and a smaller faction led by Sutan Sjahrir. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
